外研版选修七 Module 3 Literature 基础夯实（word版含答案，无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 外研版选修七 Module 3 Literature 基础夯实（word版含答案，无听力部分） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-10 19:30:55 | ||
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Module 3 Literature 基础夯实——2022-2023学年高二英语外研版选修七单元测试
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The skin on your hands and feet is noticeably different from that on most other areas of your body. Unlike those other areas, the skin on your palms and soles doesn’t have hair. And when you bathe in water, most of your skin looks normal while your hands and feet wind up looking like wrinkled(有皱纹的) prunes.
Another way in which your hands and feet are different is that both the palms and soles have unique patterns of ridges, also called fingerprints and footprints. The middle layer of skin connects to the epidermal(表皮的) layer through many papillae, which are tiny fingerlike projections(突起) of connective tissue. Fingerprints and footprints have purposes other than helping experts to solve crimes ; they help you to grab on to objects, and they help to keep your skin from being torn.
In addition to lacking hair and having ridges,the skin on your hands and feet is also thicker. With all the tasks these body parts have to perform, such as walking or picking things up, they tend to get a lot of use. As a result, the thicker, hairless skin allows them to bear more friction(摩擦) without getting damaged. Part of that extra thickness is caused by a kind of protein, which gets nutrients in deeper layers of the skin but forms a surface layer of dead cells on the epidermis. This extra thickness may also explain why your hands and feet become wrinkled when you bathe in the water. The dead protein cells absorb the water so that the thin surface layer of skin expands and then wrinkles.
1.What is the best title of the text
A.Skin Layers Tell Your Body Code! B.Why Skin Differs Across Your Body
C.Why Is Skin on Hands and Feet Different D.Skin on Hands and feet Says Your Health!
2.Why can the fingerprints and footprints help solve crimes
A.They are not easy to tear. B.They have unique patterns.
C.They help grab on to objects. D.They are fingerlike by nature.
3.What makes your hands and feet wrinkled in the water
A.The shortage of protein cells. B.The lack of hair on the surface.
C.The damage of the deeper layer of skin. D.The expanding of the surface layer of skin.
B
The Blue Planet Ⅱ's latest episode focuses on how the plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastics in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowned in plastics.
Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade when plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.
We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. The ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastics in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see the ocean plastic as a disaster, worth being mentioned in the same breath as climate change. But the ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers(否认者), at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system.
This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, but when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.
1. Why is plastic pollution research still a very early science
A. The plastics pollution research is too difficult.
B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.
C. Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up with.
D. The world couldn't possibly function without plastics.
2. How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3
A. By citing quotes from leading experts.
B. By making a comparison and contrast.
C. By listing examples from his own experience.
D. By presenting solid statistics.
3. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph
A. We reap what we sow. B. The shortest answer is doing.
C. All things are difficult before they are easy. D. Actions speak louder than words.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The oceans become choked with plastics.
B. The ocean plastic is a global issue.
C. The Blue Planet Ⅱ Has left viewers heartbroken.
D. Plastics gain popularity all over the world.
C
When the natural climate changes due to global warming, it can surely affect seals. The majority of them live in the Antarctic region so as the ice is melting, their natural habitat can be seriously affected. These changes don't take place overnight. They can be the result of many years of additional temperatures in the area. The seals then have to find ways to adapt.
Seals depend on the cool air currents to bring plenty of food for them. When the temperatures get higher, there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink. Mothers aren't healthy enough to feed their babies. Many of them end up abandoned as the mothers have to leave to find their own source of food.
The fact that their desire to produce young can be changed by the warmer temperatures is frightening too. It is also believed that the warmer temperatures can allow different diseases and viruses to attack the seals. This is a huge concern as they can rapidly wipe out huge numbers of seals out there.
However, these changes in climate and temperature aren't all bad for other species of seals. Scientists have found that those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes. Research also shows that the females are moving further to find food and water. When they are out of the reach of the governing males, they are more willing to accept the moves of other males in the group.
This is good news too because it means that there will be more selection in the gene pool(基因库) for future generations. It can help the seals as a species adapt to change in their natural environment more easily.
The climate change problem for seals is directly linked to humans. When we take action to change what we let out into the environment, we will make positive changes for the seals. However, it is going to take a very long time to reverse(彻底改变) the effects of what has already been done.
1. What does the author regard climate changes for seals as
A. A double-edged sword.
B. An unavoidable disaster for existence.
C. A mirror of evolution.
D. A requirement for more choices in the gene pool.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. How global warming affects the seals. B. What seals feed their babies with.
C. Why the seal population grows. D. Where the seals find their food.
3. What will happen to the seals in warmer climates
A. Their number will be on the increase.
B. The female seals will be in the lead.
C. Their genes will change a great deal.
D. The females will keep away from the males.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The Importance of Protecting Seals B. Seals' Adaptation to Climate Change
C. How Climate Change Affects Seals D. Why Are Seals Becoming Less and Less
D
Safety and Security Procedures
Your safety and the security of your personal property are of the primary concern to those of us who welcome you as our guest. We urge you to take advantage of the following suggestions.
GUEST ROOM SECURITY
For additional security, use the deadbolt(插锁) provided on your door and make sure the windows are locked. As an additional precautious measure, please secure the secondary locks provided. Do not admit anyone to your room without first making identification. A one-way viewer is provided in your door to assist with identification. If there is any doubt about the person's identity, please contact the Front Desk.
SAFETY BOXES
Do not leave money or valuables in your room or vehicle. We provide free safety boxes for you. We are not responsible for items left in room valued over $ 200.
KEYS
Safeguard your key. Please do not leave it in the door. Do not give your key to others or leave it unattended. Please leave your key at the Front Desk when you check out.
FIRE
Please familiarize yourself with the nearest fire exits. Report fire or smoke to the hotel operator. In the unlikely event of a fire, please move quickly and calmly to the nearest safe exit and leave the building. Avoid the use of the elevator.
1. What should you do with a suspicious-looking stranger who knocks at your door
A. Pretend you are not in the room. B. Send him to the police station.
C. Get in touch with the Front Desk. D. Let him in to make sure of his identity.
2. Where are you advised to put your valuable things when you go out
A. In your cars. B. In the room.
C. At the Front Desk. D. In the free safety box.
3. What should you do when a fire breaks out according to the passage
A. Try your best to put out the fire. B. Report fire to your leader first.
C. Leave the building through the safe exit. D. Use the electric lift to leave as fast as possible.
4. Where might you see these suggestions
A. At a gym. B. At a hotel.
C. At a shop. D. At a bank.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How much to tip at a restaurant depends on the class of the restaurant, your server, the size of your party, and the quality of the service. ①__________ So exact percentages vary depending on where you are in the world. Generally, however, tips range from 10% to 20% of the meal's cost, before tax.
In the United States, when eating at a restaurant or cafe, a tip of 15% is common. At a bar or at the counter, service isn’t considered a big part of the meal. ②__________ At large parties of seven people or more, you're expected to pay at least 20% , and this tip may be automatically included in your bill.
Many restaurants that offer delivery include a charge for the service. ③__________ Delivery people should be tipped 15% in most cases. If the driver delivered the food especially quickly or during rain or snow, you should usually tip more.
④__________ A tip is generally given based on the quality of the service, not the food, or any entertainment. If the food is bad but the service is good, for example, complain to the manager about the food, but tip the server for his or her efforts.
No matter what restaurant you go to, adding a few percentage points to the tip is a good idea when the server has worked particularly hard to make you feel pleasant. This shows that you acknowledge and appreciate the quality service you have received. ⑤__________
A. So 10% to 12% is usually proper.
B. But this doesn’t take the place of a tip.
C. Different cultures have different expectations.
D. These tips should be given before you are seated.
E. Bear in mind that food and service are separate issues.
F. When picking up food at a restaurant, tipping is not always expected.
G. Besides, leaving good tips can help you continue to receive good service in the future.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We love letters. Just as John Donne, a poet, 1 it, " Letters, to me and my friends mean 2 greetings; they get souls together. Thanks to letters, friends who are 3 speak." He wrote these words nearly 400 years ago. Today, in the age of instant text messages, social media, and e-mail, they still ring truer than ever, because writing or receiving a letter has become such a 4 event.
A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not 5 a letter for at least 10 years. That's ten years without the bittersweet 6 of pacing the floor waiting for the postman; ten years without recognising the handwriting on the envelope and eagerly 7 the envelope to read its contents.
We may not get them any more, but we still love handwritten letters. In the same survey, one third of British people interviewed say that they 8 the content of sentimental (充满情感的) letters. Shouldn't we make 9 to give our friends and family something they will treasure forever Ann Bickley went online in 2013 and offered to handwrite a letter to anyone who 10 her. Her website received 50,000 11 in its first three months. Five years later, she is still the main 12 behind onemillion and has personally written 4, 000 letters offering hope and 13 to strangers.
The thought behind a letter 14 as much as its content. "I never tell anyone that everything is going to be OK," Ann Bickley says, "I am letting someone know that there is someone in the world who 15 them."
Who wouldn't love to receive a letter like that Let's get writing!
1.A.made B.put C.helped D.managed
2.A.rather than B.less than C.more than D.other than
3.A.absent B.active C.amused D.admirable
4.A.popular B.common C.rare D.simple
5.A.received B.sent C.written D.rejected
6.A.success B.calmness C.concern D.pleasure
7.A.seizing B.tearing C.hiding D.carrying
8.A.forget B.change C.remember D.notice
9.A.money B.room C.history D.time
10.A.contacted B.interviewed C.consulted D.admired
11.A.guests B.visitors C.friends D.partners
12.A.force B.strength C.source D.energy
13.A.effort B.experience C.surprise D.comfort
14.A.educates B.guides C.matters D.rewards
15.A.looks after B.cares about C.struggles for D.agrees with
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How many hours did you spend reading last week This question ①____________(arrive) in thousands of American homes every other year since 1992 as part of the University of Michigan's Health and Retirement Study. In 2016, researchers found that people who identified themselves as regular book readers were 23% ②____________ (likely) to die between 2001 and 2012 than ③____________ who read only newspapers or magazines.
You may already be familiar with recent ④____________ (find) that suggest children who read books with their parents several times a week score higher ⑤____________ intelligent tests than nonreaders. But recent research argues that reading may be just as important in adulthood. When ⑥____________ (practise) over a lifetime, reading and language-acquisition skills can support ⑦____________ (health) brain functions in big ways.
What is it about reading books that boosts our brain power whereas reading newspapers doesn’t
For one, reading a book (of any genre) forces your brain to think ⑧____________ (critical) and make connections from one chapter to another, and to the outside world, ⑨____________ may provide a greater defence against the worst effects of cognitive decay. Secondly, reading books, especially fiction, has been shown to increase empathy and emotional intelligence, both of which are proved ⑩____________ (help) you live longer.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你将代表学校参加国际高中生环境保护论坛。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿。内容包括:
1.环境保护的紧迫性;
2.如何开展环境保护;
3.呼吁大家积极参与。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:论坛forum
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
The Girl and the Puma
This is a legend told and retold among the people of Argentina.
About five hundred years ago when the Spanish entered South America, native American tribes often fought back against the invaders. One way the tribes could put pressure on the Spanish was to surround their settlements. This is what happened in the early 1500's when Maldonado, a Spanish girl, was 15 years old.
Hostile native Americans of the Querandí tribe had encircled the Spanish settlement where Maldonado lived. Before long, their food supplies were depleted(耗尽). The people faced starvation. They begged their captain to allow them to take their chances and leave the settlement in search of food—but the captain would not allow.
Hungry, Maldonado escaped from the settlement and fled into the jungle. As night fell, she heard the alarm calls of wild animals. Where could she safely sleep for the night But there was one call that drew her closer. It was a cry of pain. She followed the sound to a cave where she found a puma(美洲狮) that had just given birth.
Maldonado helped the mother puma clean the cubs. Later, she watched the babies while the mother went out to hunt. And so days went by.
One day, while Maldonado was gathering food and the mother puma was inside the cave with her cubs, the girl was surprised by Querandí warriors. They captured her and brought her to their village. Fearing the worst, Maldonado braced herself for death she felt was certain to come.
But the Querandís were kind to the girl. They taught her tasks to help in their village, and she gladly took part.
One day, a band of Spaniards(西班牙人) attacked the Querandí village. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He commanded that she should be tied to a tree and left there for wild animals to eat. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.D
解析：1.主旨大意题。综观全文,文章从不同角度解释手部和脚部的皮肤与身体其他部位的皮肤的不同。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Another way in which your hands and feet are different is that both the palms and soles have unique patterns of ridges, also called fingerprints and footprints.及下文可知,指纹和脚印有独特的纹路,可以以此确定人物的身份,因此能够帮助破案。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的The dead protein cells absorb the water so that the thin surface layer of skin expands and then wrinkles. 可知,皮肤上的死蛋白质细胞吸收水分,以至于皮肤表层膨胀,然后起皱。故选D项。
B
答案：1-4 CDBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，第一批塑料袋出现在20世纪50年代，同一时期，塑料包装开始流行起来。塑料的发展如此之快，以至于科学研究仍在努力追赶塑料发展的速度。由此可知，对塑料污染问题的研究才开展不久，是因为塑料发展速度太快,使得科学研究没能及时跟上，故C项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"kill millions of marine animals" "Nearly 700 species" "One in three leatherback turtles" "Ninety percent of seabirds"等可知，作者通过列数据来支撑自己的观点，故选择D项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其是最后一句的内容可知，作者号召我们从一些日常小事做起，这些行动都会有很大的影响。所以B项（最直接的答案就是行动起来）是正确的。
4.主旨大意题。本文介绍了塑料在给人们的生活带来便利的同时，也造成了严重的污染，给海洋以及海洋生物造成了灾难性的影响，同时也对人体造成很大的危害。故A项"海洋被塑料塞满了"形象地概括了文章的主旨。
C
答案：1-4 AAAC
解析：1.推理判断题。文章第一段至第三段介绍了气候变暖对南极地区海豹的负面影响，第四、五段介绍了气候变暖对其他海豹种类的正面影响。由此可知，在作者看来，气候变暖对海豹有利有弊，是把双刃剑。
2.根据第二段的第二句“When the temperatures get higher, there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink.”可知，本段主要介绍了温度上升对海豹的影响。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes.”可知，生活在更温暖地区的海豹会因为天气变暖而繁殖更多的幼崽。换言之，它们的数量会增加。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了气候变暖导致自然气候变化，进而影响南极地区海豹的生活，但也会使其更容易适应自然环境的变化，因此C项“气候变化如何影响海豹”可概括本文的主旨。
D
答案：1-4 CDCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据GUEST ROOM SECURITY中的“If there is any doubt about the person's identity, please contact the Front Desk.(如果对这个人的身份有任何疑问，请与前台联系）”可知，应选C。
2.细节理解题。根据SAFETY BOXES中的“We provide free safety boxes for you.(酒店为您提供免费的保险箱）”可知，当你外出时，你应该把你的贵重物品放在免费的保险箱里。
3.细节理解题。根据FIRE中的“In the unlikely event of a fire, please move quickly and calmly to the nearest safe exit and leave the building.(万一发生火灾，请迅速而冷静地转移到最近的安全出口并离开大楼）”可知，应选C。
4.推理判断题。通读全文尤其是GUEST ROOM SECURITY中的“please contact the Front Desk”以及KEYS中的“Please leave your key at the Front Desk when you check out.”可知，短文向住酒店的顾客介绍了关于安全的一些建议，所以这些建议最有可能来自酒店。
第二节
答案：CABEG
解析：本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了在饭店就餐后支付小费的文化及其意义等。
1. C 根据下文的 So exact percentages vary depending on where you are in the world.可知,小费的确切比例取决于你在世界的哪个地方。so 为连词,表示因果关系,该空应该解释下文的原因。C选项(不同的文化有不同的预期)符合语境。故选C项。
2. A 根据上文的…a tip of 15% is common…和下文的at least 20% ... 可知,本段在具体列举在不同情况下小费的百分比,该空也应有具体的 百分比数字,解释上文酒吧或柜台的小费比例。故选A项。
3. B 根据上文 Many restaurants that offer delivery include a charge for the service.可知,很多饭店的外送服务已经包含了服务费。根据下文 Delivery people should be tipped 15% in most cases.可知送餐人员应该被付小费,由此吋见,饭店的服务费不能代替小费。故选B项。
4. E根据下文可知,本段主要介绍食物不好可以投诉,但应付服务员小费。由此可见食物和服务是两个不同的问题。故选E项。
5. G 根据上文... adding a few percentage points to the tip is a good idea...可知,本段解释付小费的意义。G选项符合语境。Besides (另外)是关键词,是对上文的递进,进一步解释付小费的意义。故选G项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.BCACA; 6-10.DBCDA; 11-15.BADCB
解析：1.空后是诗人约翰·多恩说的话,just as sb puts it表示“正如某人所说”,故选put。
2.根据空后的they get souls together可知,多恩说信不仅仅是问候,它们能使灵魂相聚。more than意为“不仅仅;超出”,符合语境。rather than意为“而不是”;less than意为“少于”;other than意为“除……以外”。
3.根据常识可知,信能让我们和见不到面的朋友说话,此处用absent表示“见不到面的”。
4.根据下文的A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not _______ a letter for at least 10 years.可知,由于即时短信、社交媒体和电子邮件的广泛应用,人们很少写信了,因此写信和收信已经成了一件稀罕事。rare意为“罕见的”,符合语境。popular意为“受欢迎的”;common意为“常见的;普遍的”;simple意为“简单的”。
5.空后的That's ten years without the bitter-sweet ________ of pacing the floor waiting for the postman描述的是等着收信的情景,可见该处是表达四分之一的人十年来没有收到过信。receive意为“收到”,符合语境。
6.收到来信的感觉是快乐的。pleasure意为“愉快;快乐”,符合语境。
7.根据空后的to read is contents可知,撕开信封才能读到信里面的内容。tear意为“撕开”,符合语境。
8.根据上文的but we still love handwritten letters 可知,我们仍然喜欢手写的信,所以仍然会记得那些感情真挚的信的内容,与下文的something they will treasure forever相呼应。remember意为“记得”,符合语境。
9.根据语境可知,这里是提议给朋友和家人写信,写信花费的是时间(time)。
10.根据下文的Her website received 50,000 ________ in its first three months.可知,安·比克利是写信给与她联系的人。contact意为“联系;联络”,符合语境。
11.去比克利的网站的人应该是访客,故visitors符合语境。
12.根据空后的has personally written 4,000 letters offering hope and ________ to strangers可知,她已经亲自写了4,000封信,为陌生人带去希望和安慰。由此可见,她是该网站的主力。force意为“影响力大的人;巨大影响”,符合语境。
13.根据空前的hope可知,她写信给陌生人,给他们带去希望和安慰。comfort意为“安慰;宽慰”,符合语境。
14.根据上文的offering hope and ________ to strangers可知,信能带给人带去希望。所以,此处是说一封信背后的想法和信的内容一样重要。matter在此为动词,意为“要紧”,符合语境。
15.安·比克利写信是为了让某个人知道世界上还有人关心他,被关心是大家想要的,这正是下文Who wouldn't love to receive a letter like that 的解释。care about意为“在乎;在意”,符合语境。
第二节
答案：1. has arrived2. less likely3. those4.findings5.on/in6.practised7. healthy/healthier8.critically9. which10.to help
解析：
本文为一篇说明文。美国密歇根大学将阅读时间列入了“健康与退休研究"中,研究表明,读书有利于大脑的活跃,甚至能使人长寿。
1. has arrived根据时间状语since 1992可知,本句应用现在完成时。主语This 为第三人称单数,动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has arrived。
2. less likely 根据后面的than可知,该空应用比较级。故填less likely。
3. those由句意可知,此处是“特指”那些只读报纸和杂志的读者。 故填those。
4. findings recent为形容词,后面接名词finding为名词,意为“发现”,根据that从句中的谓语动词suggest可知,此处应用复数形式。故填 findings。
5. on/in此处表示“在智力测试中”,应用介词on或in。故填on/in。
6. practised本句谓语can support与practise之间无连词连接,此处应用非谓语动词形式,动词practise与其逻辑主语reading and language-acquisition skills之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。故填practised。
7. healthy/healthier brain functions为名词短语,应用形容词修饰。故填healthy。也可以用比较级,表示与“没有经过练习的大脑”作对比。故填 healthy/healthier。
8. critically修饰动词think应用副词。故填critically。
9. which该空前后无连词,且该空后的句子不完整,由此可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为上文整个句子,故填which。
10. to help be proved to do…为固定搭配,意为“被证明……”,不定式to do在此处作主语补足语。故填to help。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Good morning, everyone!
I'm Li Hua, and very glad to be here to attend the international senior high students' environment protection forum to share my opinion on behalf of our school.
Nowadays, all kinds of pollution can be seen everywhere, which are threatening our health. Even worse, some rare animals and plants are on the verge of extinction due to severe destruction of the environment.
So it's time for us to take action! Many ways are available for us to adopt, such as saving every drop of water, taking a bus or public transportation instead of driving private cars, recycling plastic bags, refusing to use disposable chopsticks and so on.
Do your part and it can make a big difference!
第二节
答案：
One day, a band of Spaniards attacked the Querandí village. When they finally entered the village, they were surprised that the missing girl Maldonado, a Spanish girl who escaped from their settlement, had been living with the local tribes. Though she seemed to live happily here, she was forced to return home. The Spanish captain was angry that she had fled into the jungle without his permission.
He commanded that she should be tied to a tree and left there for wild animals to eat. As night fell, Maldonado heard the calls of wild animals, which came out to hunt for food. Feeling the worst, Maldonado stood there alone. Then the mother puma appeared, brought her food to eat and remained there to protect her. After several days, sad villagers came to the place where Maldonado had been tied to a tree. Much to their surprise, they found her alive. Nobody knew why.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The skin on your hands and feet is noticeably different from that on most other areas of your body. Unlike those other areas, the skin on your palms and soles doesn’t have hair. And when you bathe in water, most of your skin looks normal while your hands and feet wind up looking like wrinkled(有皱纹的) prunes.
Another way in which your hands and feet are different is that both the palms and soles have unique patterns of ridges, also called fingerprints and footprints. The middle layer of skin connects to the epidermal(表皮的) layer through many papillae, which are tiny fingerlike projections(突起) of connective tissue. Fingerprints and footprints have purposes other than helping experts to solve crimes ; they help you to grab on to objects, and they help to keep your skin from being torn.
In addition to lacking hair and having ridges,the skin on your hands and feet is also thicker. With all the tasks these body parts have to perform, such as walking or picking things up, they tend to get a lot of use. As a result, the thicker, hairless skin allows them to bear more friction(摩擦) without getting damaged. Part of that extra thickness is caused by a kind of protein, which gets nutrients in deeper layers of the skin but forms a surface layer of dead cells on the epidermis. This extra thickness may also explain why your hands and feet become wrinkled when you bathe in the water. The dead protein cells absorb the water so that the thin surface layer of skin expands and then wrinkles.
1.What is the best title of the text
A.Skin Layers Tell Your Body Code! B.Why Skin Differs Across Your Body
C.Why Is Skin on Hands and Feet Different D.Skin on Hands and feet Says Your Health!
2.Why can the fingerprints and footprints help solve crimes
A.They are not easy to tear. B.They have unique patterns.
C.They help grab on to objects. D.They are fingerlike by nature.
3.What makes your hands and feet wrinkled in the water
A.The shortage of protein cells. B.The lack of hair on the surface.
C.The damage of the deeper layer of skin. D.The expanding of the surface layer of skin.
B
The Blue Planet Ⅱ's latest episode focuses on how the plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastics in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowned in plastics.
Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade when plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.
We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. The ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastics in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see the ocean plastic as a disaster, worth being mentioned in the same breath as climate change. But the ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers(否认者), at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system.
This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, but when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.
1. Why is plastic pollution research still a very early science
A. The plastics pollution research is too difficult.
B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.
C. Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up with.
D. The world couldn't possibly function without plastics.
2. How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3
A. By citing quotes from leading experts.
B. By making a comparison and contrast.
C. By listing examples from his own experience.
D. By presenting solid statistics.
3. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph
A. We reap what we sow. B. The shortest answer is doing.
C. All things are difficult before they are easy. D. Actions speak louder than words.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The oceans become choked with plastics.
B. The ocean plastic is a global issue.
C. The Blue Planet Ⅱ Has left viewers heartbroken.
D. Plastics gain popularity all over the world.
C
When the natural climate changes due to global warming, it can surely affect seals. The majority of them live in the Antarctic region so as the ice is melting, their natural habitat can be seriously affected. These changes don't take place overnight. They can be the result of many years of additional temperatures in the area. The seals then have to find ways to adapt.
Seals depend on the cool air currents to bring plenty of food for them. When the temperatures get higher, there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink. Mothers aren't healthy enough to feed their babies. Many of them end up abandoned as the mothers have to leave to find their own source of food.
The fact that their desire to produce young can be changed by the warmer temperatures is frightening too. It is also believed that the warmer temperatures can allow different diseases and viruses to attack the seals. This is a huge concern as they can rapidly wipe out huge numbers of seals out there.
However, these changes in climate and temperature aren't all bad for other species of seals. Scientists have found that those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes. Research also shows that the females are moving further to find food and water. When they are out of the reach of the governing males, they are more willing to accept the moves of other males in the group.
This is good news too because it means that there will be more selection in the gene pool(基因库) for future generations. It can help the seals as a species adapt to change in their natural environment more easily.
The climate change problem for seals is directly linked to humans. When we take action to change what we let out into the environment, we will make positive changes for the seals. However, it is going to take a very long time to reverse(彻底改变) the effects of what has already been done.
1. What does the author regard climate changes for seals as
A. A double-edged sword.
B. An unavoidable disaster for existence.
C. A mirror of evolution.
D. A requirement for more choices in the gene pool.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. How global warming affects the seals. B. What seals feed their babies with.
C. Why the seal population grows. D. Where the seals find their food.
3. What will happen to the seals in warmer climates
A. Their number will be on the increase.
B. The female seals will be in the lead.
C. Their genes will change a great deal.
D. The females will keep away from the males.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The Importance of Protecting Seals B. Seals' Adaptation to Climate Change
C. How Climate Change Affects Seals D. Why Are Seals Becoming Less and Less
D
Safety and Security Procedures
Your safety and the security of your personal property are of the primary concern to those of us who welcome you as our guest. We urge you to take advantage of the following suggestions.
GUEST ROOM SECURITY
For additional security, use the deadbolt(插锁) provided on your door and make sure the windows are locked. As an additional precautious measure, please secure the secondary locks provided. Do not admit anyone to your room without first making identification. A one-way viewer is provided in your door to assist with identification. If there is any doubt about the person's identity, please contact the Front Desk.
SAFETY BOXES
Do not leave money or valuables in your room or vehicle. We provide free safety boxes for you. We are not responsible for items left in room valued over $ 200.
KEYS
Safeguard your key. Please do not leave it in the door. Do not give your key to others or leave it unattended. Please leave your key at the Front Desk when you check out.
FIRE
Please familiarize yourself with the nearest fire exits. Report fire or smoke to the hotel operator. In the unlikely event of a fire, please move quickly and calmly to the nearest safe exit and leave the building. Avoid the use of the elevator.
1. What should you do with a suspicious-looking stranger who knocks at your door
A. Pretend you are not in the room. B. Send him to the police station.
C. Get in touch with the Front Desk. D. Let him in to make sure of his identity.
2. Where are you advised to put your valuable things when you go out
A. In your cars. B. In the room.
C. At the Front Desk. D. In the free safety box.
3. What should you do when a fire breaks out according to the passage
A. Try your best to put out the fire. B. Report fire to your leader first.
C. Leave the building through the safe exit. D. Use the electric lift to leave as fast as possible.
4. Where might you see these suggestions
A. At a gym. B. At a hotel.
C. At a shop. D. At a bank.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How much to tip at a restaurant depends on the class of the restaurant, your server, the size of your party, and the quality of the service. ①__________ So exact percentages vary depending on where you are in the world. Generally, however, tips range from 10% to 20% of the meal's cost, before tax.
In the United States, when eating at a restaurant or cafe, a tip of 15% is common. At a bar or at the counter, service isn’t considered a big part of the meal. ②__________ At large parties of seven people or more, you're expected to pay at least 20% , and this tip may be automatically included in your bill.
Many restaurants that offer delivery include a charge for the service. ③__________ Delivery people should be tipped 15% in most cases. If the driver delivered the food especially quickly or during rain or snow, you should usually tip more.
④__________ A tip is generally given based on the quality of the service, not the food, or any entertainment. If the food is bad but the service is good, for example, complain to the manager about the food, but tip the server for his or her efforts.
No matter what restaurant you go to, adding a few percentage points to the tip is a good idea when the server has worked particularly hard to make you feel pleasant. This shows that you acknowledge and appreciate the quality service you have received. ⑤__________
A. So 10% to 12% is usually proper.
B. But this doesn’t take the place of a tip.
C. Different cultures have different expectations.
D. These tips should be given before you are seated.
E. Bear in mind that food and service are separate issues.
F. When picking up food at a restaurant, tipping is not always expected.
G. Besides, leaving good tips can help you continue to receive good service in the future.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We love letters. Just as John Donne, a poet, 1 it, " Letters, to me and my friends mean 2 greetings; they get souls together. Thanks to letters, friends who are 3 speak." He wrote these words nearly 400 years ago. Today, in the age of instant text messages, social media, and e-mail, they still ring truer than ever, because writing or receiving a letter has become such a 4 event.
A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not 5 a letter for at least 10 years. That's ten years without the bittersweet 6 of pacing the floor waiting for the postman; ten years without recognising the handwriting on the envelope and eagerly 7 the envelope to read its contents.
We may not get them any more, but we still love handwritten letters. In the same survey, one third of British people interviewed say that they 8 the content of sentimental (充满情感的) letters. Shouldn't we make 9 to give our friends and family something they will treasure forever Ann Bickley went online in 2013 and offered to handwrite a letter to anyone who 10 her. Her website received 50,000 11 in its first three months. Five years later, she is still the main 12 behind onemillion and has personally written 4, 000 letters offering hope and 13 to strangers.
The thought behind a letter 14 as much as its content. "I never tell anyone that everything is going to be OK," Ann Bickley says, "I am letting someone know that there is someone in the world who 15 them."
Who wouldn't love to receive a letter like that Let's get writing!
1.A.made B.put C.helped D.managed
2.A.rather than B.less than C.more than D.other than
3.A.absent B.active C.amused D.admirable
4.A.popular B.common C.rare D.simple
5.A.received B.sent C.written D.rejected
6.A.success B.calmness C.concern D.pleasure
7.A.seizing B.tearing C.hiding D.carrying
8.A.forget B.change C.remember D.notice
9.A.money B.room C.history D.time
10.A.contacted B.interviewed C.consulted D.admired
11.A.guests B.visitors C.friends D.partners
12.A.force B.strength C.source D.energy
13.A.effort B.experience C.surprise D.comfort
14.A.educates B.guides C.matters D.rewards
15.A.looks after B.cares about C.struggles for D.agrees with
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How many hours did you spend reading last week This question ①____________(arrive) in thousands of American homes every other year since 1992 as part of the University of Michigan's Health and Retirement Study. In 2016, researchers found that people who identified themselves as regular book readers were 23% ②____________ (likely) to die between 2001 and 2012 than ③____________ who read only newspapers or magazines.
You may already be familiar with recent ④____________ (find) that suggest children who read books with their parents several times a week score higher ⑤____________ intelligent tests than nonreaders. But recent research argues that reading may be just as important in adulthood. When ⑥____________ (practise) over a lifetime, reading and language-acquisition skills can support ⑦____________ (health) brain functions in big ways.
What is it about reading books that boosts our brain power whereas reading newspapers doesn’t
For one, reading a book (of any genre) forces your brain to think ⑧____________ (critical) and make connections from one chapter to another, and to the outside world, ⑨____________ may provide a greater defence against the worst effects of cognitive decay. Secondly, reading books, especially fiction, has been shown to increase empathy and emotional intelligence, both of which are proved ⑩____________ (help) you live longer.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你将代表学校参加国际高中生环境保护论坛。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿。内容包括:
1.环境保护的紧迫性;
2.如何开展环境保护;
3.呼吁大家积极参与。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:论坛forum
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
The Girl and the Puma
This is a legend told and retold among the people of Argentina.
About five hundred years ago when the Spanish entered South America, native American tribes often fought back against the invaders. One way the tribes could put pressure on the Spanish was to surround their settlements. This is what happened in the early 1500's when Maldonado, a Spanish girl, was 15 years old.
Hostile native Americans of the Querandí tribe had encircled the Spanish settlement where Maldonado lived. Before long, their food supplies were depleted(耗尽). The people faced starvation. They begged their captain to allow them to take their chances and leave the settlement in search of food—but the captain would not allow.
Hungry, Maldonado escaped from the settlement and fled into the jungle. As night fell, she heard the alarm calls of wild animals. Where could she safely sleep for the night But there was one call that drew her closer. It was a cry of pain. She followed the sound to a cave where she found a puma(美洲狮) that had just given birth.
Maldonado helped the mother puma clean the cubs. Later, she watched the babies while the mother went out to hunt. And so days went by.
One day, while Maldonado was gathering food and the mother puma was inside the cave with her cubs, the girl was surprised by Querandí warriors. They captured her and brought her to their village. Fearing the worst, Maldonado braced herself for death she felt was certain to come.
But the Querandís were kind to the girl. They taught her tasks to help in their village, and she gladly took part.
One day, a band of Spaniards(西班牙人) attacked the Querandí village. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He commanded that she should be tied to a tree and left there for wild animals to eat. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.D
解析：1.主旨大意题。综观全文,文章从不同角度解释手部和脚部的皮肤与身体其他部位的皮肤的不同。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Another way in which your hands and feet are different is that both the palms and soles have unique patterns of ridges, also called fingerprints and footprints.及下文可知,指纹和脚印有独特的纹路,可以以此确定人物的身份,因此能够帮助破案。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的The dead protein cells absorb the water so that the thin surface layer of skin expands and then wrinkles. 可知,皮肤上的死蛋白质细胞吸收水分,以至于皮肤表层膨胀,然后起皱。故选D项。
B
答案：1-4 CDBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，第一批塑料袋出现在20世纪50年代，同一时期，塑料包装开始流行起来。塑料的发展如此之快，以至于科学研究仍在努力追赶塑料发展的速度。由此可知，对塑料污染问题的研究才开展不久，是因为塑料发展速度太快,使得科学研究没能及时跟上，故C项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"kill millions of marine animals" "Nearly 700 species" "One in three leatherback turtles" "Ninety percent of seabirds"等可知，作者通过列数据来支撑自己的观点，故选择D项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其是最后一句的内容可知，作者号召我们从一些日常小事做起，这些行动都会有很大的影响。所以B项（最直接的答案就是行动起来）是正确的。
4.主旨大意题。本文介绍了塑料在给人们的生活带来便利的同时，也造成了严重的污染，给海洋以及海洋生物造成了灾难性的影响，同时也对人体造成很大的危害。故A项"海洋被塑料塞满了"形象地概括了文章的主旨。
C
答案：1-4 AAAC
解析：1.推理判断题。文章第一段至第三段介绍了气候变暖对南极地区海豹的负面影响，第四、五段介绍了气候变暖对其他海豹种类的正面影响。由此可知，在作者看来，气候变暖对海豹有利有弊，是把双刃剑。
2.根据第二段的第二句“When the temperatures get higher, there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink.”可知，本段主要介绍了温度上升对海豹的影响。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes.”可知，生活在更温暖地区的海豹会因为天气变暖而繁殖更多的幼崽。换言之，它们的数量会增加。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了气候变暖导致自然气候变化，进而影响南极地区海豹的生活，但也会使其更容易适应自然环境的变化，因此C项“气候变化如何影响海豹”可概括本文的主旨。
D
答案：1-4 CDCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据GUEST ROOM SECURITY中的“If there is any doubt about the person's identity, please contact the Front Desk.(如果对这个人的身份有任何疑问，请与前台联系）”可知，应选C。
2.细节理解题。根据SAFETY BOXES中的“We provide free safety boxes for you.(酒店为您提供免费的保险箱）”可知，当你外出时，你应该把你的贵重物品放在免费的保险箱里。
3.细节理解题。根据FIRE中的“In the unlikely event of a fire, please move quickly and calmly to the nearest safe exit and leave the building.(万一发生火灾，请迅速而冷静地转移到最近的安全出口并离开大楼）”可知，应选C。
4.推理判断题。通读全文尤其是GUEST ROOM SECURITY中的“please contact the Front Desk”以及KEYS中的“Please leave your key at the Front Desk when you check out.”可知，短文向住酒店的顾客介绍了关于安全的一些建议，所以这些建议最有可能来自酒店。
第二节
答案：CABEG
解析：本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了在饭店就餐后支付小费的文化及其意义等。
1. C 根据下文的 So exact percentages vary depending on where you are in the world.可知,小费的确切比例取决于你在世界的哪个地方。so 为连词,表示因果关系,该空应该解释下文的原因。C选项(不同的文化有不同的预期)符合语境。故选C项。
2. A 根据上文的…a tip of 15% is common…和下文的at least 20% ... 可知,本段在具体列举在不同情况下小费的百分比,该空也应有具体的 百分比数字,解释上文酒吧或柜台的小费比例。故选A项。
3. B 根据上文 Many restaurants that offer delivery include a charge for the service.可知,很多饭店的外送服务已经包含了服务费。根据下文 Delivery people should be tipped 15% in most cases.可知送餐人员应该被付小费,由此吋见,饭店的服务费不能代替小费。故选B项。
4. E根据下文可知,本段主要介绍食物不好可以投诉,但应付服务员小费。由此可见食物和服务是两个不同的问题。故选E项。
5. G 根据上文... adding a few percentage points to the tip is a good idea...可知,本段解释付小费的意义。G选项符合语境。Besides (另外)是关键词,是对上文的递进,进一步解释付小费的意义。故选G项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.BCACA; 6-10.DBCDA; 11-15.BADCB
解析：1.空后是诗人约翰·多恩说的话,just as sb puts it表示“正如某人所说”,故选put。
2.根据空后的they get souls together可知,多恩说信不仅仅是问候,它们能使灵魂相聚。more than意为“不仅仅;超出”,符合语境。rather than意为“而不是”;less than意为“少于”;other than意为“除……以外”。
3.根据常识可知,信能让我们和见不到面的朋友说话,此处用absent表示“见不到面的”。
4.根据下文的A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not _______ a letter for at least 10 years.可知,由于即时短信、社交媒体和电子邮件的广泛应用,人们很少写信了,因此写信和收信已经成了一件稀罕事。rare意为“罕见的”,符合语境。popular意为“受欢迎的”;common意为“常见的;普遍的”;simple意为“简单的”。
5.空后的That's ten years without the bitter-sweet ________ of pacing the floor waiting for the postman描述的是等着收信的情景,可见该处是表达四分之一的人十年来没有收到过信。receive意为“收到”,符合语境。
6.收到来信的感觉是快乐的。pleasure意为“愉快;快乐”,符合语境。
7.根据空后的to read is contents可知,撕开信封才能读到信里面的内容。tear意为“撕开”,符合语境。
8.根据上文的but we still love handwritten letters 可知,我们仍然喜欢手写的信,所以仍然会记得那些感情真挚的信的内容,与下文的something they will treasure forever相呼应。remember意为“记得”,符合语境。
9.根据语境可知,这里是提议给朋友和家人写信,写信花费的是时间(time)。
10.根据下文的Her website received 50,000 ________ in its first three months.可知,安·比克利是写信给与她联系的人。contact意为“联系;联络”,符合语境。
11.去比克利的网站的人应该是访客,故visitors符合语境。
12.根据空后的has personally written 4,000 letters offering hope and ________ to strangers可知,她已经亲自写了4,000封信,为陌生人带去希望和安慰。由此可见,她是该网站的主力。force意为“影响力大的人;巨大影响”,符合语境。
13.根据空前的hope可知,她写信给陌生人,给他们带去希望和安慰。comfort意为“安慰;宽慰”,符合语境。
14.根据上文的offering hope and ________ to strangers可知,信能带给人带去希望。所以,此处是说一封信背后的想法和信的内容一样重要。matter在此为动词,意为“要紧”,符合语境。
15.安·比克利写信是为了让某个人知道世界上还有人关心他,被关心是大家想要的,这正是下文Who wouldn't love to receive a letter like that 的解释。care about意为“在乎;在意”,符合语境。
第二节
答案：1. has arrived2. less likely3. those4.findings5.on/in6.practised7. healthy/healthier8.critically9. which10.to help
解析：
本文为一篇说明文。美国密歇根大学将阅读时间列入了“健康与退休研究"中,研究表明,读书有利于大脑的活跃,甚至能使人长寿。
1. has arrived根据时间状语since 1992可知,本句应用现在完成时。主语This 为第三人称单数,动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has arrived。
2. less likely 根据后面的than可知,该空应用比较级。故填less likely。
3. those由句意可知,此处是“特指”那些只读报纸和杂志的读者。 故填those。
4. findings recent为形容词,后面接名词finding为名词,意为“发现”,根据that从句中的谓语动词suggest可知,此处应用复数形式。故填 findings。
5. on/in此处表示“在智力测试中”,应用介词on或in。故填on/in。
6. practised本句谓语can support与practise之间无连词连接,此处应用非谓语动词形式,动词practise与其逻辑主语reading and language-acquisition skills之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。故填practised。
7. healthy/healthier brain functions为名词短语,应用形容词修饰。故填healthy。也可以用比较级,表示与“没有经过练习的大脑”作对比。故填 healthy/healthier。
8. critically修饰动词think应用副词。故填critically。
9. which该空前后无连词,且该空后的句子不完整,由此可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为上文整个句子,故填which。
10. to help be proved to do…为固定搭配,意为“被证明……”,不定式to do在此处作主语补足语。故填to help。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Good morning, everyone!
I'm Li Hua, and very glad to be here to attend the international senior high students' environment protection forum to share my opinion on behalf of our school.
Nowadays, all kinds of pollution can be seen everywhere, which are threatening our health. Even worse, some rare animals and plants are on the verge of extinction due to severe destruction of the environment.
So it's time for us to take action! Many ways are available for us to adopt, such as saving every drop of water, taking a bus or public transportation instead of driving private cars, recycling plastic bags, refusing to use disposable chopsticks and so on.
Do your part and it can make a big difference!
第二节
答案：
One day, a band of Spaniards attacked the Querandí village. When they finally entered the village, they were surprised that the missing girl Maldonado, a Spanish girl who escaped from their settlement, had been living with the local tribes. Though she seemed to live happily here, she was forced to return home. The Spanish captain was angry that she had fled into the jungle without his permission.
He commanded that she should be tied to a tree and left there for wild animals to eat. As night fell, Maldonado heard the calls of wild animals, which came out to hunt for food. Feeling the worst, Maldonado stood there alone. Then the mother puma appeared, brought her food to eat and remained there to protect her. After several days, sad villagers came to the place where Maldonado had been tied to a tree. Much to their surprise, they found her alive. Nobody knew why.