课时训练1 Warm-up & Lesson 1 Life-long Learning
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子
1.Hearing the news,he b his head in his hands and began to cry.?
答案:buried
2,His 15-year-old grandson is i the old man to use the computer.?
答案:instructing
3.I didn’t tell him all that I knew because I s his reliability.?
答案:suspected
4.Never s with pride when you make some contributions.?
答案:swell
5.There have been questions about his q to lead the company.?
答案:qualification
6.A survey suggests many newly trained teachers are struggling to find (稳定的)positions in England’s schools.?
答案:secure
7.Use this information to fill in the (空白处)on your question paper.?
答案:blank(s)
8.Women’s social (社会地位)has changed much over the years.?
答案:status
9.How much is the (邮资)for an airmail letter to Canada??
答案:postage
10.I have to clear my (喉咙)before I begin my speech.?
答案:throat
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The (correct)of all my mistakes took nearly an hour.?
答案:correction
2.She (simple)the steps of the problem so that the children could understand them.?
答案:simplified
3.The robot follows the (instruct)given by the computer.?
答案:instructions
4.I feel (suspect)about the truth of the account.?
答案:suspicious
5. (frank)speaking,I don’t think it was an exciting football match.?
答案:Frankly
Ⅲ.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空(每个限用一次)
lay off look forward to set up go up aside from go blank
1.When he asked me what her name was,my mind .?
答案:went blank
2.For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll my own business someday.?
答案:set up
3.The company 100 workers a few years ago because of the financial crisis.?
答案:laid off
4.—Do you think that the housing price will keep in the years to come??
—Sorry,I have no idea.
答案:going up
5.I hardly watch any television programs, sports news and current affairs.?
答案:aside from
6.Our manager is meeting you in person.?
答案:looking forward to
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Encouraging your teen to develop a hobby will take some time and effort on your part.You’ll need to find different interests to give him some choices and allow your teen to decide which hobby really interests him.Then,you’ll have to help your teen find all of the necessary resources to enjoy his new hobby.While this may be hard to do in your busy parenting schedule,here are four great reasons to work it in.
Hobbies help build your teen’s confidence.By finding an area of interest,a teen can build ability and skill.This leads to positive results and builds your teenager’s confidence.
A hobby helps your teen have a sense of his identity.Our likes and dislikes help define who we are as people.One of the main jobs of the life stage of adolescence(青春期)is to make our personal explanation of who we are—more professionally known as developing our identity.Hobbies help by sending a signal.“I like doing this.This makes me feel good about myself.Therefore,this is a part of who I am.”
Hobbies keep your teen from getting bored.Boredom is like the plague(瘟疫)to a teen—and it can have the same type of ruinous effects.Bored teens look for things to do and more easily get involved with negative youths.Helping teens develop a hobby is helping them stay out of trouble.
When your teen is involved in a hobby,you will easily have something to praise him about.You can use your teenager’s hobby to keep balance in your communication with your teen when things have been hard to do or to just increase positive interaction(互动)with your teen.?
1.The first paragraph is used as a(n) .?
A.example B.contrast
C.conclusion D.introduction
提示:推理判断题。该篇文章列举了四个理由,鼓励家长帮助孩子培养兴趣爱好。第一段作为导入,引出这四个理由。故该段起到引出话题的作用。
答案:D
2.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1?
A.The necessities of encouraging your teen to have a hobby.
B.The difficulties in encouraging your teen to have a hobby.
C.What to do to encourage your teen to develop a hobby.
D.How to encourage your teen to develop a hobby.
提示:主旨大意题。文章第一段先指出父母在培养孩子兴趣爱好方面的困难,然后指出即使再难也要抽时间去做,故B项符合段落主旨。
答案:B
3.Why is boredom like the plague to teens?
A.Because boredom destroys teens’ health.
B.Because boredom leads to big trouble.
C.Because bored teens make bad friends more easily.
D.Because bored teens have to look for things to do.
提示:细节理解题。由第四段中的“Boredom is like...with negative youths.”可知,无聊的孩子容易和坏孩子混在一起,这将对孩子造成破坏性的后果,就像瘟疫一样。
答案:C
4.Which of the following can best fill in the blank in the last paragraph?
A.Hobbies can offer your teen a balanced life.
B.Hobbies will give you a reason to praise your teen.
C.Hobbies help your teen get through hard times.
D.Hobbies help you communicate with your teen positively.
提示:推理判断题。文章最后一段主要是讲孩子的兴趣爱好能为家长提供一个夸奖孩子的机会,在交流中可以借此鼓励孩子克服困难,故B项符合题意。
答案:B
课时训练2 Lesson 2 Different Schools
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子
1.Everyone living here must o the rules.?
答案:obey
2.The restaurant near my house has won a good r because of its good service.?
答案:reputation
3.The girl could see her face r in the clean water.?
答案:reflected
4.My father is a very m man,and he never shouts at us.?
答案:mild
5.Fred is an o student in our class.?
答案:outstanding
6.It’s necessary for you to have a pronunciation (练习)regularly.?
答案:drill
7.The little boy ran home at a fast (步速).?
答案:pace
8.“No pains,no gains.” The (格言)has always accompanied me.?
答案:motto
9.Never tell him a secret;he’s got a (不严的)tongue.?
答案:loose
10.He is the best man who can finish the (任务).?
答案:assignment
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.“Would you mind if I open the window?” “No.Not in the (slight).”?
答案:slightest
2.Dad picked up the (receive)and dialed the number.?
答案:receiver
3.The coach made her (select)for the team.?
答案:selection
4.It seemed that (punish)had very little effect on him.?
答案:punishment
5.Sandy,you must have (understand)him.I think,you should believe him.?
答案:misunderstood
Ⅲ.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空(每个限用一次)
take up fall behind get together go over look up put on put off get on with
1.Because of the heavy rain,our sports meet was .?
答案:put off
2.It’s usually useful to your notes before exams.?
答案:go over
3.How is your sister her new classmates in the new school??
答案:getting on with
4.David always studies hard in case he might others.?
答案:fall behind
5.On such a special occasion,families in the village would and have a big dinner.?
答案:get together
6.Playing computer games always most of his spare time.?
答案:takes up
7.On weekends I like information through the Internet.?
答案:looking up
8.I don’t think he is feeling sad.He is just it .?
答案:putting;on
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Recently,online high schools in America have sparked a debate about whether or not taxpayers’ money should be used to support online education.Online schools received the same amount of funding as all other public schools,even though they don’t have to pay for rent or school equipment.
About 90,000 students in America receive their education only from online schools.While this method of schooling helps students who live in remote regions,most school systems are upset that they are losing more students each year because of these online programs.
Although online learning allows children to work at their own pace,these online schools have only one teacher per several hundred students.Often teachers can’t give struggling students the help they need as they are unable to talk face-to-face with them.
Additionally,students in online programs may suffer in social situations because they won’t learn valuable communication skills from their schooling.Similar to students who are home schooled,those who take only online classes won’t learn social etiquette(礼节),and will be treated differently by their peers.
Online schooling might be useful for places where there are not enough students for a real school,such as agricultural regions,but states should only spend taxpayers’ money on online schools in extreme cases.
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A.Whether students should study at online schools.
B.Whether online schools should be allowed to exist.
C.Whether taxpayers’ money should support online schools.
D.Whether traditional schools should be replaced.
提示:主旨大意题。该文重点说明了针对美国网络高中开展的讨论:纳税人是否应该支持网络学校教育。故C项具有较强的概括性。
答案:C
2.According to the passage,online schooling .?
A.is helpful to students living in remote regions
B.allows students to work together
C.makes it possible for students to get immediate help
D.develops students’ critical thinking
提示:推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知网络学校教育对于生活在偏远地区的学生来说很有帮助。
答案:A
3.According to the third paragraph,the author worries that students at online schools .?
A.might lose interest in learning
B.would play online games
C.couldn’t receive teachers’ help
D.couldn’t be fully developed
提示:推理判断题。文章第三段说明网络学校一般由一位老师来教数百名学生,由于师生间无法面对面交谈,老师常常不能给需要的学生以针对性的帮助。故C项符合该段内容。
答案:C
4.The author probably agrees that .?
A.taxpayers shouldn’t pay for online schools at all
B.taxpayers shouldn’t pay more for online schools than real schools
C.taxpayers’ money should be spent on online schools conditionally
D.more money should be spent on online schools
提示:推理判断题。文章最后作者对全文内容加以总结,并给出观点:纳税人应根据某些个别情况以不同方式支持网校。
答案:C
B
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively(被动地).We achieve it actively by direct experience,by testing and proving an idea,or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else.Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive.Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately,passive learning has a serious problem.It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumour(谣言).
Did you ever play the game Rumour? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone.Then the person whispers it,word for word,to another person.That person,in turn,whispers it to still another,and so on,through all the people playing the game.The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it.Then the two written statements are compared.Typically,the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life.The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story.Then,too,most people listen imperfectly.And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story,trying to improve on it,stamping(打上标记)it with their own personal style.Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars (学者)and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as a fact by another,who may in turn be quoted (引用)by yet another;and this process may continue,unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation(诠释)he placed upon those facts.
5.According to the passage,passive learning may occur in .?
A.visiting an exhibition
B.solving a maths problem
C.doing a medical experiment
D.doing scientific reasoning
提示:推理判断题。由文章第二段前两句“We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else...in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspaper or magazines is passive.”可知被动学习是指由别人告知所获得的知识。故选A项。B、C、D三项都是主动学习。
答案:A
6.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to .?
A.active learning B.passive learning
C.communication D.knowledge
提示:词义猜测题。句意为“……依靠被动学习并不奇怪”。根据it 所在句可知这个代词指代的是前句所提的被动学习。
答案:B
7.The author mentions the game Rumor to show that .?
A.a message should be delivered in different ways
B.a message may be changed when being passed on
C.people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D.people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor
提示:推理判断题。通过第四段最后一句可知,原始的信息含义改变了,例证了第三段提出的论点“被动学习使我们接受被告知的事物,甚至有时是谣言”。因此B项为正确选项。
答案:B
8.What can we infer from the passage?
A.Active learning is less important.
B.Passive learning is not found among scholars.
C.Active learning occurs more frequently.
D.Passive learning may not be reliable.
提示:推理判断题。此题可用排除法。A、C两项文中未提及,而由最后一段第一句可知B项不正确。由文章第三段加后几段的例证可推知D 项正确。
答案:D
9.What is the meaning of the underlined words in the second paragraph?
A.Though we are used to passive learning.
B.As Passive learning is conditional.
C.Though we have condition to learn passively.
D.As we use passive learning.
提示:句意理解题。句意为“尽管我们习惯了被动学习,在与朋友和同事的日常交流中依靠被动学习并不奇怪”。用代入法把四个选项分别放入句中,从中可以看出,只有A项与上下文相符。
答案:A
课时训练3 Lesson 3 Teachers
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子
1.The water in the river is now so dirty because many factories have been p dirty water into it.?
答案:pouring
2.He was arrested because he worked as a s and wanted to get the secret information of another country.?
答案:spy
3.So tired after a day’s work,I d myself home.?
答案:dragged
4.When the firemen arrived,the whole house was already in f .?
答案:flame
5.Jack is so fat because he always eats much food and l exercise.?
答案:lacks
6.Use (胶水)to stick the stamp onto the envelope.?
答案:glue
7.Look at the sign,“No (吐痰)”.?
答案:spitting
8. (洋葱)is really good to our health,according to a research.?
答案:Onion
9.The millionaire gave away all his money to the poor and he thought it was (值得的).?
答案:worthwhile
10.What’s the (粉末),do you know??
答案:powder
Ⅱ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1.You know that I have perfect confidence you.?
答案:in
2.I wanted to set early in order to avoid the traffic jam.?
答案:off/out
3.He explained us how we could solve the problem.?
答案:to
4. least you should apologize to him.?
答案:At
5.They told me they had tried several methods to keep birds their apple trees.?
答案:off
6.The magic spell(魔咒)changed the frogs and rats back men.?
答案:into
Ⅲ.用方框内所给词语的适当形式填空(每个限用一次)
the first time for lack of access to add up to give a presentation to
1.This road is the only the mountain village.?
答案:access to
2. I met him,he was only a boy of ten.?
答案:The first time
3.The professor the audience about his experiment.?
答案:gave a presentation to
4.Their project was at last cancelled money.?
答案:for lack of
5.What a surprise!His debt nearly 100,000 yuan.?
答案:adds up to
Ⅳ.完形填空
My mother made me a teacher.I don’t mean that she 1 me to become a teacher.She made me a teacher because she taught me to love learning and 2 .?
In addition to my mother’s 3 ,there are several other events in my life that 4 me to become a teacher.When I was little I could not 5 the syllable(音节)“er”.No one could understand me.I remember being VERY 6 .Then,when I was four,my mother took me to meet a wonderful 7 teacher named Miss Philips.After six weeks,I 8 say “sister”and “flower”.I learned then the power of education.My mother said,“ 9 is the world’s most important job.”?
When I was thirteen I 10 a month in Shiner’s Hospital.I got to know the other 11 there.They were wonderful,very sweet and caring.I had them 12 an autograph(亲笔签名)book so I could remember them.I remember being shocked that 13 they were very intelligent,many of them could hardly write their names.My mother 14 many of them had been in and out of hospitals.I then 15 what a difference the opportunity to learn could make to a child.My mother said,“If it’s worth doing,it’s worth doing 16 .”So when I was ready to pick the career,I had the 17 that education could change everyone’s life.?
I am 18 to the teachers and programs that helped me learn the art of teaching.I love to see the 19 in a student’s eyes when understanding draws.I also love 20 former students.This email came from a girl:“I am seriously considering working towards being a professor or high school teacher.I guess this just goes to show how much a class in high school can change what you want to do with your life.Thanks again!”?
1.A.forced B.encouraged
C.controlled D.ordered
提示:从文章第一句的“My mother made me a teacher.”可知母亲想让作者成为老师,而从下文中母亲的做法和作者的信念可知母亲没有“强迫(force)”作者。
答案:A
2.A.sharing B.asking C.smiling D.singing
提示:从下文作者身为人师的语境可知,作者是指学习和“分享(share)”。
答案:A
3.A.example B.pressure C.influence D.instruction
提示:从上文的“...she taught me to love learning...”以及母亲的做法可知,这都是母亲对作者的“影响(influence)”。
答案:C
4.A.confused B.convinced
C.depressed D.excited
提示:作者之所以成为老师是有好几件事情最终让其坚定信念,所以要用convince。
答案:B
5.A.write B.pronounce
C.declare D.describe
提示:根据下文中的“...say ‘sister’ and ‘flower’.”可以得知作者最初是不会“发出(pronounce)”“er”这个音节的。
答案:B
6.A.inspired B.interested C.careless D.frustrated
提示:从上文的“No one could understand me.”可知作者由于不被理解,因而感觉到很“沮丧(frustrated)”。
答案:D
7.A.art B.music C.speech D.grammar
提示:菲尔普斯小姐是教作者发音的,因此是speech teacher。
答案:C
8.A.would B.should C.might D.could
提示:此处表示作者的能力,能够说sister和flower了,因此选could。
答案:D
9.A.Reading B.Teaching
C.Learning D.Speaking
提示:作者跟着老师学习并且学好了发音,因此母亲想说的是“教学是世界上最重要的工作”,故选teaching。
答案:B
10.A.worked B.studied
C.stayed D.spent
提示:从下文的“I got to know the other...”可知,既然能够认识其他人,就可以判断作者在医院里“度过(spend)”了一段时间。
答案:D
11.A.doctors B.patients
C.nurses D.students
提示:作者是在医院里,因此遇到的是其他“病人(patients)”。
答案:B
12.A.design B.sign
C.notice D.plan
提示:作者想让他们“签名(sign)”,以便能记得他们。
答案:B
13.A.although B.so
C.because D.if
提示:虽然他们很聪明,但是有些人几乎不会写自己的名字;“...they were very intelligent...”是一种让步,所以要用although。
答案:A
14.A.explained B.promised
C.agreed D.admitted
提示:母亲对上句中提到有些病人不能写自己名字的原因进行了“解释(explain)”。
答案:A
15.A.insisted B.observed C.reminded D.realised
提示:那些病人由于没有机会上学而不会写自己的名字,作者由此“意识到(realise)”学习能改变一个人的命运。
答案:D
16.A.proper B.bad C.right D.poor
提示:如果某事值得做,就要做好,因此要用right。
答案:C
17.A.wish B.task C.belief D.suggestion
提示:下文的“...that education could change everyone’s life.”是作者从事教育事业所带的“信念(belief)”。
答案:C
18.A.kind B.grateful
C.stressful D.proud
提示:“从下文的...that helped me learn the art of teaching.”可知,作者得到了别人的帮助,因此肯定是“感激的(grateful)”。
答案:B
19.A.surprise B.regret C.delight D.beauty
提示:从下文的“...when understanding draws.”可知学生能够听懂了,因此作者发现学生眼睛里所流露出的“喜悦之情(delight)”。
答案:C
20.A.hearing from B.talking with
C.calling on D.listening to
提示:从下文的“This email came from a girl...”可知作者很愿意“收到(hear from)”以前学生的信。
答案:A
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Eating sweets might actually stop your child from getting fat,researchers say.According to their study,youngsters who regularly eat chocolate and other treats are less likely to be overweight than those who don’t.
The findings appear to contradict most researches which show that sweets are not only bad for your teeth but bad for your body,too.
Researchers monitored more than 11,000 children and young people between the ages of 2 and 18 from 1999 to 2004.The result showed that children who ate sweets were 22 percent less likely to be overweight than those who didn’t.Among teenagers,26 percent were likely to weigh less than those who didn’t.
Among all ages there were also lower levels of C-reactive protein(C反应性蛋白)in sweet-eating children.High levels of the protein are thought to raise the risk of heart problems.
The researchers said that children who ate proper sweets from an early age learned the important skill of food discipline(戒律).
Dr Carol O’Neil,lead researcher,added,“The study shows that children and teenagers who eat candy are less likely to be overweight.However,candy shouldn’t replace nutrient foods in the diet.” Recently experts warned that childhood overweight was the result of inactive lifestyles.
Dietitian(饮食学家)Priya Tew said that children who were given treats by their parents learned lessons that were good for them later in life.“It could be that children get used to treats but learn to have smaller portions(部分)and not have them every day,” she said.
1.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.The More Candy You Eat,the Thinner You Will Be
B.Advantages of Eating Sweets
C.Eating Candy may Prevent Overweight
C.Major Causes of Overweight
提示:主旨大意题。文章一开头便说明了该篇短文的主旨:吃糖果可能会防止孩子变胖。
答案:C
2.The underlined word “contradict” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.?
A.agree with
B.differ from
C.turn out
D.deal with
提示:词义猜测题。第一段说明了文章主题:吃糖果可能会防止孩子变胖,第二段把这一发现与以前的研究进行比较,以前的发现表明糖果不仅对牙齿有害,也对身体有害。故这两种观点不一致。
答案:B
3.According to the passage,high levels of C-reactive protein can lead to .?
A.teeth problems
B.cancer
C.mental problems
D.heart diseases
提示:细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“High levels of the protein are thought to raise the risk of heart problems.”可知答案。
答案:D
4.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that children who eat candy .?
A.are willing to do exercise
B.usually eat proper amount of it
C.consider it to be nutrient
D.understand the importance of it
提示:推理判断题。文章倒数第二段说明了虽然孩子吃糖果可能会防止肥胖,但糖果不能代替日常饮食的营养食品。最后一段则说明孩子可能会习惯于父母给的糖果,但学会吃较小的一部分,而不是每天都会吃。由此判断吃糖果的孩子通常会适当地吃糖果。
答案:B
课时训练4 Lesson 4 Understanding & Communication
Workshop& Culture Corner & Bulletin Board
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子。
1.My sister has a an email address and a site on the World Wide Web.?
答案:acquired
2.Our PE teacher Yang Tao i many young people to take up basketball.?
答案:inspires
3.It is v to get medical supplies to the area as soon as possible.?
答案:vital
4.Safety rules are being i by some company managers in the drive to increase profits.?
答案:ignored
5.Attempts were made to improve the public i of the police.?
答案:image
6.The sun shone through the leaves,throwing (阴影)on the ground.?
答案:shadow
7.The queen ruled her (王国)wisely.?
答案:kingdom
8.If you are (不情愿),don’t hesitate to say no.?
答案:unwilling
9.Politics and (宗教)are not daily topics of conversation.?
答案:religion
10.I (把……列入)her among the country’s best writers.?
答案:rank
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The theory is based on a series of wrong (assume).?
答案:assumptions
2.He showed his (approve)by shaking my hands.?
答案:approval
3.Several people witnessed the attack,but no one came to her (defend).?
答案:defence
4.You’ll have to do a lot of (think)before you can work out this problem.?
答案:thinking
5.The agreement will be (benefit)to both sides.?
答案:beneficial
Ⅲ.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空(每个限用一次)
be worthy of be accustomed to approve of go against
tend to
1.None of you should do anything that is not by the teacher.?
答案:approved of
2.He who does his duty being praised.?
答案:is worthy of
3.I used to get up late,but now I getting up early.?
答案:am accustomed to
4.Please don’t your parents’ wishes.?
答案:go against
5.What a surprise!Fred eat much more when he gets angry.?
答案:tends to
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Harvard University in the United States has been ranked as the university with the best “reputation” in the world.
The Times Higher Education magazine has listed 200 top universities all over the world based on how they are regarded by a group of international college teachers.That is to say,the list measures how universities are regarded,rather than how they actually perform.
A subjective(主观的),word-of-mouth quality such as “reputation” has genuine(真正的)economic value for universities,said Simon Marginson,professor of higher education at the University of Melbourne in Australia.
“Reputation is not just an impression,though it might be not as reliable as performance by objective indicators(客观指数),” said Prof.Marginson.
Based on the views of 13,000 college teachers around the world,it confirms the power of the big US universities,which dominate this list.7 of the top 10 are US universities,headed by Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT).Furthermore,14 of the top 20 are from the US.Cambridge is the highest ranking UK university in the list,in third place,with Oxford ranked as sixth.
For students applying to university,reputation might be hard to measure,but is an important part of the attractiveness,said the president of Cambridge University’s students’ union,Rahul Mansigani.
“Reputation makes a huge difference;if there is an idea that somewhere is great,it will get lots of good people applying whether it’s true or not.Factors such as a sense of history and the presence of outstanding college teachers were part of the reputation of Cambridge,” he said.
1.What is special about the latest ranking of universities?
A.It is very subjective.
B.It involves many indicators.
C.It is made by international professors.
D.It includes all the universities across the world.
提示:细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容及第五段第一句可知,这一最新排名具有一定的主观性,它是根据世界上很多大学老师的看法而综合得出的。
答案:A
2.Which of the following shows the correct order of the ranking?
A.Cambridge→MIT→Oxford→Harvard
B.Cambridge→Harvard→Oxford→MIT
C.Harvard→MIT→Cambridge→Oxford
D.Harvard→Cambridge→MIT→Oxford
提示:细节理解题。根据第五段中“...headed by Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT).”可知,在新排名中哈佛大学和麻省理工学院排名为前两位。同时根据第一段的第一句话可知哈佛大学排名为第一,由此可得出答案。
答案:C
3.The underlined word “dominate” in Paragraph 5 probably means “ ”.?
A.affect B.decide
C.control D.improve
提示:词义猜测题。根据后文内容可知,美国(的大学)在前十位中占了七位,前二十位中占了十四位,故此得出答案。
答案:C
4.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.No Asian universities are among the top 10.
B.At least seven UK universities are among the top 20.
C.The Times Higher Education magazine is from the US.
D.Reputation affects students’ decisions when choosing universities.
提示:推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,新的排名对学生在报考学校时对大学的选择有一定的影响。
答案:D
B
When you think of an artist,you probably think of someone painting on canvas(画布).But Guido Daniele creates fantastic paintings of birds,elephants,tigers,and giraffes by painting on skin.Born in Soverato,Italy,Guido Daniele has been called “Hand Gogh”(after artist Vincent van Gogh)since he began creating works of art on people’s hands in 1990.
Painting on the hands can be a challenge because,unlike canvas,the skin moves when rubbed.Daniele’s models must remain perfectly still for hours as he paints.He often uses his daughter and his son as his “canvases”.
Before he can begin to create his “manimals”(the artist’s name for his hand animals),Daniele studies photographs of the animal that he will be painting in order to be able to understand its character and give it life.“Next,”he says,“I look at the hand from different perspectives(视角),and I begin to imagine what is the best way to position the hand for me to paint the animal.”He also studies the skin of the model,preferring it to have little hair and few blemishes(瑕疵).
Daniele starts by drawing on the model’s hand with a pencil.He next paints the skin using watercolours made specifically for body art.The eyes of Daniele’s painted animals look amazingly real,and they are the most difficult part to paint.
Paintings on hands must eventually be washed away.Guido Daniele says that he’s gotten used to this part and that he doesn’t really mind seeing his work washed down the drain(排水沟).“Tomorrow,I will paint the next one.The important thing is to take many good photographs before washing the hand!”
5.Daniele’s paintings are mainly about .?
A.scenery B.plants
C.stories D.animals
提示:细节理解题。根据第一段的birds,elephants,tigers,and giraffes可知,丹尼尔主要是画动物。文中也多次出现了关键词animal。
答案:D
6.In Paragraph 3 the author mainly tells us .?
A.what Daniele needs to do before painting
B.why Daniele chooses to paint “manimals”
C.how Daniele develops his own style of painting
D.how Daniele paints on the skin of his models
提示:主旨大意题。文章第三、四段介绍了丹尼尔是如何在手上作画的。第四段开头的“Daniele starts by drawing...”及第三段开头的“Before he can begin to create...”都说明第三段主要介绍了丹尼尔作画之前进行的准备,故选A项。
答案:A
7.From the passage,we can know that .?
A.Daniele’s daughter and son usually buy canvases for him
B.it’s more difficult to draw on the hands because hands are not big enough
C.Daniele started to draw pictures on canvas in 1990
D.the most attractive parts of Daniele’s drawings are the eyes
提示:细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,丹尼尔的子女经常给丹尼尔当模特,而不是给他买画布,A项错误;由第二段首句可知,B项错误;由首段可知,丹尼尔从1990年开始在手上作画,C项表述错误;由第四段最后一句可知,丹尼尔将动物的眼睛画得惟妙惟肖,与D选项意义相符,故选D项。
答案:D
8.How does Daniele feel about the fact that his paintings must be washed away?
A.He feels disappointed at this.
B.He cares little about this.
C.He is satisfied to see this.
D.He in fact can’t accept this.
提示:细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“...he’s gotten used to this part and that he doesn’t really mind seeing his work washed down the drain.”可知,丹尼尔对作品被洗掉并不在意。
答案:B
9.What do we learn about Daniele from the passage?
A.His real name is Hand Gogh.
B.His works are mainly drawn with pencils.
C.He is an artist who paints on hands.
D.He often asks his wife to be his model.
提示:细节理解题。根据第一段末句的“...he began creating works of art on people’s hands in 1990.”可知,丹尼尔是一位在手上作画的画家。
答案:C
课时训练5 单元语法突破
Ⅰ.根据句意完成下列句子
1.如果他来参加会议,我们对他说什么?
If he to the meeting,what we say to him??
答案:were to come;would
2.如果你在这儿生活一段时间,你就会对此改变看法的。
If you here for a while,you your mind about it.?
答案:lived;would change
3.你要是处在我的位置,你也会做同样的事的。
you my position,you the same.?
答案:Were;in;would do
4.如果我们早十分钟出发,我们现在就到那儿了。
If we ten minutes earlier,we there now.?
答案:had started;would arrive/be/get
5.你若早点来,你就已经赶上公共汽车了。
you earlier,you the bus.?
答案:Had;come;would have caught
6.我宁愿你没借那些钱给我。
I would rather that you me the money.?
答案:didn’t lend
7.我多么希望我中学时努力学习了呀!
How I wish I hard during my middle school years!?
答案:had studied
8.没有那场暴风雨,农民们就已经获得了丰收。
Without the storm,the farmers a good harvest.?
答案:would have had
9.我的建议是我们应该在河边多植树。
My suggestion is that we more trees along the river.?
答案:should plant
10.该是你告诉他那件事的时候了。
It’s time that you him about that.?
答案:should tell
Ⅱ.单项填空
1.(2011北京高考)—Where are the children?The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they always late.?
A.weren’t
B.hadn’t been
C.wouldn’t be
D.wouldn’t have been
提示:句意为“——孩子们到哪儿去了?饭菜快凉了。——真希望他们不要总这么晚”。本题是考查wish后接虚拟语气的用法,而且是对现在情况的虚拟,应用一般过去时表示。故选A项。
答案:A
2.(2011北京高考)Maybe if I science,and not literature then,I would be able to give you more help.?
A.studied
B.would study
C.had studied
D.was studying
提示:由“if I ...then”可知,从句是对过去事情的虚拟,应用过去完成时。句意:“或许当时如果我学自然科学而不学文学的话,我就能给你更多的帮助。”故选C项。
答案:C
3.(2011福建高考)—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
—I it,but I was busy preparing for a job interview.?
A.attended
B.have attended
C.would attend
D.would have attended
提示:句意为“——你错过了关于核污染的演讲真是遗憾。——我本想去参加的,但是我正忙着准备工作面试”。由but后的“...I was busy preparing for a job interview”.可知说话者并没有去听演讲,因此此处应是对过去情况的虚拟。对过去的事情进行虚拟时,主句应用“would+have+过去分词”。本句可以改为“I would have attended it if I hadn’t been busy preparing for a job interview.”。故选D项。
答案:D
4.(2011江西高考)We John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.?
A.will put
B.will have put
C.would put
D.would have put
提示:句意为“要不是因为约翰最近受伤的缘故,我们昨天就把他的名字写在参赛名单上了”。根据句意及“but for(倘若没有,要不是)”可知,这里是对过去情况的虚拟,所以主句谓语部分要由“would/could/might/should+have done”结构,答案为D项。
答案:D
5.(2011陕西高考)I through that bitter period without your generous help.?
A.couldn’t have gone
B.didn’t go
C.wouldn’t go
D.hadn’t gone
提示:句意为“如果没有你们慷慨相助,我不可能度过那段艰辛的岁月”。表达与过去事实相反的虚拟时,主句用“would/could/should/might+have done”结构,故选A项。
答案:A
6.If we the other road,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.?
A.take
B.had taken
C.took
D.have taken
提示:句意为“如果我们走另一条路,我们也许就能及时赶到这儿参加这次会议的”。由句意以及题干中的“we might have arrived here”可知,这是对过去发生的事情的假设,故条件状语从句用had done,主句中用“would/might/could have done”的形式。因此B项正确。
答案:B
7.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.?
A.was happening
B.happens
C.has happened
D.happened
提示:as if意为“好像,仿佛……似的”,所引导的从句如果表示真实情况,从句用陈述语气;如果表示非真实情况,从句用虚拟语气。因为伊莱扎所能想起的事都发生在过去,而不是真的发生在昨天,因此是非真实情况,要用虚拟语气。
答案:D
8.The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.?
A.wouldn’t
B.couldn’t
C.needn’t
D.shouldn’t
提示:recommend表示“建议”,后面的宾语从句需用虚拟语气,故其谓语用should do结构,should可以省略。
答案:D
9.But for the help of my English teacher,I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.?
A.would not win
B.would not have won
C.would win
D.would have won
提示:but for引起的短语作状语时,句子常用虚拟语气。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,所以句子谓语采用would have done的形式。再根据句意可知,应采用否定形式。
答案:B
10.They two free tickets to Canada,otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go.?
A.had got
B.got
C.have got
D.get
提示:前一分句说明的是真实情况,陈述过去的事实,故用一般过去时,而otherwise隐含着虚拟条件,后面分句用与过去事实不相符的虚拟语气。
答案:B
Ⅲ.完形填空
In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive.Some experts say the 1 is to make jobs more varied(多样的).But do more varied jobs 2 greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that 3 variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable,it doesn’t 4 make him work harder.As far as increasing productivity is concerned,then, 5 is not an important factor.?
Other experts feel that giving the worker 6 to do his job in his own way is important,and there is no doubt that this is true.The 7 is that this kind of freedom can’t easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated(复杂的)machinery which must be used in a 8 way.Thus while freedom of choice may be important,there is usually very little that can be done to 9 it.?
Another important 10 is how much each worker 11 to the product he is making.In most factories the worker 12 only one small part of the product.Some car factories are now 13 with having many small production lines rather than one large one,so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his 14 .It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor 15 it is one we can do something about.?
To what 16 does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is 17 .But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. 18 just lets them enjoy their spare time more.A 19 argument may explain demands for shorter working hours.Perhaps if we 20 making their jobs more interesting,they will neither want more money,nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.?
1.A.answer B.course
C.attempt D.system
提示:前面说“许多国家面临这种问题,就是如何才能使工人生产力高”,一些专家说“该问题的答案就是使工作多样性”。 course “路线,过程”;attempt“企图”;system“系统,制度”。
答案:A
2.A.run across B.lead to
C.result from D.pick up
提示: lead to“导致”;run across“偶尔相遇,不期而遇”;result from“由……引起,因为”;pick up“拿起”。根据下一句话可看出此句表示作者发出质疑,“工作多样性就能导致更大的生产力吗”。
答案:B
3.A.because B.as
C.while D.as though
提示:由句子“...it doesn’t 4 make him work harder.”可知前面的连词表示“尽管”之意。?
答案:C
4.A.mentally B.physically
C.carefully D.actually
提示:根据下句话可猜出本句句意为“有迹象表明尽管多样性能够使工人的生活更具有享受性,但实际上它并不能使工人们更努力地工作”。actually“实际上”;mentally“精神上,智力上,心理上”;physically“身体上地,物理上地”。
答案:D
5.A.variety B.relaxation
C.creativity D.machinery
提示:上面介绍了“多样性”这个话题,所以现在予以总结“多样性不是重要的因素”。relaxation“放松,消遣,娱乐”;creativity“创造,创造力”;machinery“机器的总称”。
答案:A
6.A.judgement B.freedom
C.direction D.comfort
提示:由后面的解释“to do his job in his own way”,可知“这是一种自由的表现形式”。
答案:B
7.A.secret B.skill
C.problem D.strength
提示:根据本句话中表语从句中的“...this kind of freedom can’t easily be given...”可知此处是一个“问题”。
答案:C
8.A.amusing B.dull
C.changeable D.fixed
提示:根据下文的“尽管选择的自由可能重要,但通常没办法创造自由”可知复杂的机械有一套“固定的”使用方法。fixed“固定的”。
答案:D
9.A.use B.create
C.supply D.fear
提示:根据上文“尽管选择的自由可能重要,但通常没办法创造自由”。create“创造”。关键词it指代前面的“freedom”。其他几项都不能与“freedom”搭配。
答案:B
10.A.measure B.invention
C.consideration D.work
提示:上文提到“给工人们更多的自由”,这是专家所考虑的一个方案,所以推断是“另外一个重要的考虑”。
答案:C
11.A.lies B.sticks
C.objects D.contributes
提示:根据本文第一句话,许多国家面临如何让工人提高生产效率的问题,以及下文分解流水线,以便工人对产品作出更大的贡献,可知此处的“另外一个重要的考虑就是每个工人对他生产的产品贡献了多少”。object to“反对”;stick to“坚持”。
答案:D
12.A.likes B.equips
C.transports D.sees
提示:根据常识,在流水线上,每个工人只负责产品的某一个环节,所以认为“工人只能看到产品的一个部分”。
答案:D
13.A.tired B.pleased
C.worrying D.experimenting
提示:过去分词后不能跟宾语,排除A、B两项。C项语意不通。根据前面的some和下文内容可知:提到的作法只不过是一些汽车厂家的实验。
答案:D
14.A.own B.will
C.line D.hand
提示:由句子“Some car factories are now 13 with having many small production lines rather than one large one...”可知,所填词表示“生产线”比较恰当。?
答案:C
15.A.but B.and
C.so D.however
提示:句意为“看来不仅工人的贡献程度是(提高生产率的)重要因素,而且我们还能为此采取措施”。根据上文,可判断出本句话为not only...but also...结构。but后省略了also。
答案:A
16.A.extent B.quality
C.store D.difference
提示:作者再次提出问题“更多的钱能够带来更大的生产率究竟到什么程度”。extent“程度”。to...extent“达到……程度”,其他几项均不与介词to搭配。
答案:A
17.A.natural B.important
C.worrying D.unbelievable
提示:工人工作主要是为了赚钱,故推断“他们认为上面的提法很重要”。
答案:B
18.A.Rest B.Sports
C.Money D.Playing
提示:由句子“But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring.”推测。
答案:C
19.A.complete B.friendly
C.given D.similar
提示:“用增加钱的方法来提高生产率”与“要求缩短工作时间来提高生产率”具有“相似”之处,因此选择D项。
答案:D
20.A.advise B.succeed in
C.object to D.are tired of
提示:从“他们既不多要钱,也不想缩短工作时间”,可以推测“是在我们能够把工作变得更有趣的前提下”。succeed in...“成功做某事”。
答案:B
