2022-2023学年初一上册语法冠词讲义(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
主讲者：Tim
英语语法
English Grammar
第1课 General Articles 不定冠词
第3章
Articles 冠词
1
2
知道冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。
能正确使用不定冠词。
学习目标
What Is An Article
An article is a little word that come before a noun (a person, place, or thing). English articles include a, an, and the.
冠词是位于名词（人、地方或事物）前的一个小词。英语冠词包括a、an和the。
A & An
The words a and an are called general (or indefinite) articles. You can use them with singular nouns to talk about any single person or thing.
单词a和an被称为不定冠词。你可以将它们放在单数名词前面一起用来谈论任何一个人或事物。
A
Simply speaking, when we see a single person or thing for the first time, i.e. “cow”, we might say “Here comes a cow.”
简单地说，当我们第一次看到一个单数的人或物的时候，比如一天我们走在路上，突然看到前面有头奶牛，我们可能会说“来了一头奶牛”。“一”这个词就是a/an。当然后面我们会学到数词one，它也表示“一”，主要在数学计算的时候使用。
These are singular nouns with “a”.
a baby
a cook
a doctor
These are singular nouns with “a”.
a deer
a bird
a bear
These are singular nouns with “a”.
a guitar
a book
a piece of cake
An
We use “an” before words beginning with vowel sounds (mostly a, e, i, o, u). For example, say:
an axe/an igloo/an egg/an orange/an envelope
an umbrella/an ice cream/an uncle
我们在以元音开头的单词之前使用“an”（主要是a、e、i、o、u开头的单词）。例如：
斧头/冰屋/鸡蛋/桔子/信封
雨伞/冰淇淋/叔叔
An
We use an (not a) before these words that begin with h (because the letter h is silent):
an heir
an honor
an hour
我们在这些以h开头的单词之前使用an（而不是a）（因为字母h是不发音的）：
一个继承人
一种荣誉
一个小时
These are singular nouns with “an”.
an egg
an ice cream
an umbrella
an axe
an orange
A
But some words don’t follow this rule. For example, use a (not an) before these words that begin with u (because u here doesn’t make a vowel sound):
a uniform
a university
a unicorn
但有些词不符合这个规则。例如，在这些以u开头的单词之前使用a（而不是an）（因为这里的u不发元音）：
一件制服
一所大学
一头独角兽
These are singular nouns with “a”.
a uniform
a university
a unicorn
Exercise 1
Complete the sentences using a or an. 用a或an填空。
1 Judy wants ( ) pair of socks.
2 Who doesn’t want ( ) iPad
3 I have ( ) electric guitar.
4 Larry is holding ( ) umbrella in his hand.
5 The professor visits ( ) university every year.
Exercise 1
6 Are you going to buy ( ) car
7 I wish I could fly like ( ) bird.
8 There is ( ) shadow hanging over me.
9 You have been watching TV for ( ) hour.
10 ( ) apple a day keeps the doctor away.
Exercise 2
Underline all the general articles in the following passage. 用下划线勾出下列段落中的所有不定冠词。
I live in a big city. There is a shopping mall called New Century. I like to buy clothes at the mall. The city also has a park called Central Park. It takes an hour to walk to the park from my home. Does your hometown have a big park
Answer Key to Exercise 1
Complete the sentences using a or an. 用a或an填空。
1 Judy wants ( a ) pair of socks.
2 Who doesn’t want ( an ) iPad
3 I have ( an ) electric guitar.
4 Larry is holding ( an ) umbrella in his hand.
5 The professor visits ( a ) university every year.
Exercise 1
6 Are you going to buy ( a ) car
7 I wish I could fly like ( a ) bird.
8 There is ( a ) shadow hanging over me.
9 You have been watching TV for ( an ) hour.
10 ( An ) apple a day keeps the doctor away.
Answer Key to Exercise 2
Underline all the general articles (a/an) in the following passage. 用下划线勾出下列段落中的所有不定冠词。
I live in a big city. There is a shopping mall called New Century. I like to buy clothes at the mall. The city also has a park called Central Park. It takes an hour to walk to the park from my home. Does your hometown have a big park
主讲者：Tim
英语语法
English Grammar
第2课 Specific Article 定冠词
第3章
Articles 冠词
1
2
知道定冠词只有the。
能正确使用定冠词the。
学习目标
The
The word “the” is called the specific (or definite) article. Use the before a noun when you are talking about a certain person or thing.
“the”一词被称为定冠词。当你在谈论某个确定的人或事物时，在名词前加上the。可以把the理解成是给某个确定的事物进行标记的记号，所以判断一个名词是否需要用the只需关注该词的“确定性”。
When do we use “the”
接下来讨论需要使用“the”的具体情形。
For the second mention of the previous noun
When we see a tiger for the first time, we might say “Here comes a tiger.”Then we keep talking about it. We think it’s dangerous, so we might say “The tiger is dangerous.”
一天我们走在路上，突然看到前面有头老虎(这是第一次提到老虎），我们可能会说，“来了一（a)头老虎”。然后我们继续谈论它。我们觉得它很危险，所以我们接下来可能会说，“这（the)头老虎很危险。” （这是第二次提到这只老虎,不是说的其他老虎，所以具有确定性了）
When the general noun followed by “that”-clause
When a noun is followed by the word “that” and information that describes it (called an adjective clause), use the before the noun.
当名词后跟“that”和描述它的信息（称为定语从句）时，在名词之前使用the。
When the general noun followed by “that”-clause
The next day I told my friend about what I saw the previous day. I said, “I was frightened by the tiger that I met yesterday.
第二天我把前一天看到的事告诉了我的朋友。我说：“我被昨天遇到的老虎吓坏了。(这头tiger不是其他的任何一头tiger, 我只指的是昨天遇到的那头，这个描述信息保证了这个tiger已经得到确定。）
When there is only one of the noun
When there is only one of the noun in the whole world or the universe, “the”comes before the noun.
当该名词（一般为事物）在全世界或全宇宙中的存在具有唯一性时，在该词前面使用the。（常见于天文，地理，艺术作品方面的事物）全世界唯一存在的东西，无论何时提到它 ，都是确定的。
the Great Wall
the moon
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with a, an or the. 用a, an或the填空。
1（ ) owl
2 ( ) rocket
3 ( ) apron
4 ( ) sun
5 ( ) page
Exercise 1
6 ( ) computer
7 ( ) Statue of Liberty
8 ( ) animal
9 ( ) European country
10 ( ) Changjiang River
Exercise 2
Complete the sentences with a, an or the. 用a, an或the完成下列句子。
1 There is ( ) fish in （ ） fish bowl.
2 Who is ( ) girl outside ( ) school gate
3 ( ) nurse gave Judy ( ) injection.
4 Adam is ( ) only child in ( ) family.
5 What is ( ) fastest animal in ( ) world
Exercise 2
6 There is ( ) nest in ( ) tree.
7 Judy is writing ( ) e-mail to her dad.
8 We finally made it to ( ) top of ( ) hill.
9 If I were ( ) astronaut, I would walk on ( ) moon.
10 He who has never been to ( ) Great Wall is not ( ) true man.
Exercise 3
Complete the sentences with a, an, the or 0. 用a, an, the或0（0表示不填任何词）完成下列句子。
1 Did I tell you ( ) story that I read last night
2 Jim needs ( ) new dresses.
3 Chinese people usually eat ( ) rice.
4 Bob is reading ( ) e-book.
5 There are ( ) children in the classroom.
Answer Key to Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with a, an or the. 用a, an或the填空。
1（ an ) owl
2 ( a ) rocket
3 ( an ) apron
4 ( the ) sun
5 ( a ) page
Exercise 1
6 ( a ) computer
7 ( the ) Statue of Liberty
8 ( an ) animal
9 ( a ) European country
10 ( the ) Changjiang River
Answer Key to Exercise 2
Complete the sentences with a, an or the. 用a, an或the完成下列句子。
1 There is ( a ) fish in （ the ） fish bowl.
2 Who is ( the ) girl outside ( the ) school gate
3 ( The ) nurse gave Judy ( an ) injection.
4 Adam is ( the ) only child in ( the ) family.
5 What is ( the ) fastest animal in ( the ) world
Exercise 2
6 There is ( a ) nest in ( the ) tree.
7 Judy is writing ( an ) e-mail to her dad.
8 We finally made it to ( the ) top of ( the ) hill.
9 If I were ( an ) astronaut, I would walk on ( the ) moon.
10 He who has never been to ( the ) Great Wall is not ( a ) true man.
Answer Key to Exercise 3
Complete the sentences with a, an, the or 0. 用a, an, the或0（0表示不填任何词）完成下列句子。
1 Did I tell you ( that ) story that I read last night
2 Jim needs ( 0 ) new dresses.
3 Chinese people usually eat ( 0 ) rice.
4 Bob is reading ( an ) e-book.
5 There are ( 0 ) children in the classroom.