人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 能力提升（含答案）
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Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 能力提升——2022-2023学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元测试
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Singaporean woman will return to normal life today after spending three days in a glass box. 26-year-old Cheyenne Lu has been living in full view of the public on a busy shopping street in an effort to quit smoking.
Lu, who has been smoking for the last 12 years, knows how difficult it is to quit. Her previous efforts all failed be-cause she didn't tell her family and friends that she was trying to give up. So this time she has made her decision very public. The experiment was organized by the Health Promotion Board (HPB) as part of an effort to encourage young Singaporean women not to smoke. There has been a large increase in the number of women smokers in recent years.
Lu has been eating and sleeping in a glass room for the last three days, with an Internet connection and a collection of DVDs to help her pass the time. Besides, she has been having yoga classes with a fitness trainer. Lu, who is a writer, has been keeping an online blog of her experiences in the glass house.
Lu says she has received a lot of encouragement from people passing by. However, some people have tried to make it more difficult by stopping in front of her window and smoking. One stranger even offered to give her $ 500 to smoke with him. "Surprisingly, it made me want to stop smoking even more," said Lu.
Although Lu has tried not to smoke for three days, she knows this is only the beginning of her smoke-free journey. But she has something to look forward to. She is a supporter of Arsenal Football Club, and she plans to use all the money she saves by not smoking to travel to London.
1. Why was Lu living in a glass box
A. She needed more public support.
B. She failed to quit smoking in private.
C. She wanted to make money for HPB.
D. She hoped to ask other women to join her.
2. How did Lu kill time when she stayed in the glass room
A. She recorded her experiences online. B. She slept for most of the time.
C. She talked with passers-by. D. She taught yoga classes.
3. What was Lu's attitude towards people's smoking in front of her
A. It made her angry. B. It worried her a lot.
C. It attracted her attention. D. It strengthened her will.
B
Once upon a time, a daughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time.
Her father, a chef, took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil, he placed potatoes, eggs and coffee beans in them. After 20 minutes, he took them out, putting the potatoes and eggs in a bowl and the coffee in a cup.
Turning to his daughter, he said, "Look closer, and touch the potatoes." She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to taste the coffee. Its good smell brought a smile to her face.
"Father, what does this mean ” she asked. He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity(逆境)—the boiling water. However, each one reacted differently. The strong and hard potato became soft and weak in boiling water. The egg was fragile, with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid until it was put in the boiling water. Then the inside of the egg became hard. However, the coffee beans were unique. After they were exposed to the boiling water, they changed the water and created something new. "Which one do you want to be like," he asked. "When adversity knocks on your door, how will you respond "
In life, challenges happen to us all, but the only thing that truly matters is what happens within us.
1.Why did the girl complain to her father
A.Because of her hard life. B.Because of her tiring job.
C.Because of her father's busy work. D.Because of the food her father cooked.
2.What can we infer from this story
A.The girl liked the coffee best.
B.The father was good at cooking.
C.The girl didn't like the potatoes and eggs.
D.Different people have different reactions to adversity.
3.What does the underlined word "fragile" mean in the fourth paragraph
A.Thick. B.Easily-broken. C.Strong. D.Hard.
4.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Father and daughter B.Adversities and a chef
C.A chef and coffee beans D.Challenges and responses
C
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children's lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.
According to the report's key findings, "the proportion(比例) who say they 'hardly ever' read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today."
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, aged 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effects of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to a library or bookstore.
1.What is the Common Sense Media report probably about
A.Children's reading habits. B.Quality of children's books.
C.Children's after-class activities. D.Parent-child relationships.
2.Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"
A.In paragraph 2. B.In paragraph 3.
C.In paragraph 4. D.In paragraph 5.
3.Why do many parents limit electronic reading
A.E-books are of poor quality. B.It could be a waste of time.
C.It may harm children's health. D.E-readers are expensive.
4.How should parents encourage their children to read more
A.Act as role models for them. B.Ask them to write book reports.
C.Set up reading groups for them. D.Talk with their reading class teachers.
D
It was May 23, 2016. Arnot, the 32-year-old mountain guide, reached the top of Everest without the use of oxygen(O2) equipment. It was achieved after seven years, three previous attempts, and fourteen straight hours of climbing.
After 15 minutes at the top, Arnot began her descent(下坡). Eight hours later, she reached the camp at 7,600 meters and became the first American woman—and only the seventh woman ever—to successfully reach Mount Everest without oxygen equipment.
"There are so many reasons for her impressive achievement, especially the physical and emotional efforts that she's put forth over the years to make this happen," said the professional climber and photographer Richards. "The mental courage that it requires is something very few people have."
Arnot didn't start climbing until she was 19 years old. Money was tight in her family, and climbing mountains never occurred in her mind. After graduating from college, Arnot was invited by her friend to climb a mountain. "It totally changed my life," said Arnot. "I always know that if you want something, you can achieve it, but knowing what you want is a whole different thing," she said. "I am athletic but not competitive. After my first climbing, I knew immediately that mountains are what I want—as that is where I felt at home for the first time in my life."
After that first climb, she devoted herself to learning how to climb and move through mountain. It was during her second trip to Everest in 2009 that she first set her sights on a no-oxygen attempt. However, while hiking into Everest Base Camp that year, she hurt her leg and wasn't able to climb without oxygen. In 2013 she nearly made it to the top, but was forced to take oxygen at 8,504 meters while helping another climber.
When Arnot finally stood atop Everest, she called her best friend, "I reached the top and I'm not using any oxygen." Then, tears began to stream down from her eyes. So much of Arnot's life has been about pushing the limits of her abilities, and in this case, she's also pushed up against the outer limits of the human spirit.
1. What did Arnot do on May 23, 2016
A. She spent 8 straight hours climbing.
B. She stayed at the top for 50 minutes.
C. She made her first attempt to climb Everest.
D. She reached the top without oxygen equipment.
2. Why did Arnot fall in love with climbing
A. Money was no longer a problem to her.
B. Mountains gave her the feeling of comfort.
C. She tried to be more athletic and competitive.
D. She wanted to build up her body through climbing.
3. What do we know about Arnot's climbing experiences
A. She took up climbing when she was 19 years old.
B. She has always been a good climber since her childhood.
C. She climbed Everest with her family during her first trip.
D. She hurt her leg badly while helping another climber in 2009.
4. Which of the following can describe Arnot best
A. Determined and brave. B. Cautious and honest.
C. Caring and open-minded. D. Confident and creative.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 French explorer Jacques Cartier is known mainly for exploring the St. Lawrence River and giving Canada its name.
Like many other European explorers, Jacques Cartier went to North America looking for gold and perhaps a shortcut to Asia. ①_____ It became France's main route into Canada.
Jacques Cartier was born on December 31, 1491 in Brittany, a province of France. In about 1534, the king of France asked him to lead an expedition(远征) to the New World in search of riches and a new route to Asia.
②_____ There he and his crew explored the land around the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and met Native Americans. When he sailed back to France, he took with him two Native Americans.
③_____ This time, Cartier sailed deeper into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and into the Saint Lawrence River. The two Native Americans he had taken before had learned French, and they served as guides. About 260 miles inland, Cartier reached the Native American village of Stadacona. Today, the city of Quebec stands near that place.
Cartier and his men were among the first Europeans to winter in what is now Canada. ④_____ After returning to France he reported tales told by the native people of treasures farther inland.
Cartier once again crossed the Atlantic in 1541. ⑤_____ When he returned to France in 1542, he was told that they were just the common minerals pyrite(黄铁矿) (fool's gold) and quartz(石英).
A. A second voyage came in May 1535.
B. Instead he found the Saint Lawrence River.
C. The bitter cold surprised them, and some of the men died.
D. He made three voyages of exploration in dangerous waters.
E. Cartier was considered one of the most devoted explorers of the period.
F. He explored further and found what he thought were gold and diamonds.
G. In the spring of 1534 Cartier sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to what is now Canada.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Three years ago, I participated in Model United Nations (MUN) held by the Education Department, which was a mock (模拟的) UN activity. During the two days, students are separated in different groups which 1 different countries to debate and try to solve problems. MUN has 2 awards : best delegates(代表), honorary mentions, and verbal mentions.
Each time I participate in MUN, I made good 3 and undoubtedly got a few awards. But I often felt as if I'd 4 because I had never won the best delegate award. I 5 those who didn't deserve to win the award but won it several times, and I was just filled with 6 at their success. But later I realized that it was also 7 not to get the award because I could actually 8 something, and that I shouldn't 9 the best delegate award until I was the best delegate I could be.
Failures are completely subjective—we can look at a result as a failure or a 10 . Any failure can be regarded as a (n) 11 because you can always learn something from it and do 12 next time. This is supported by John Locke's theory that we are born with blank views: knowledge and ability are learned from our 13 . That's true. If I make a mistake in the life practice, then I probably won't 14 that next time. I believe this is 15 the best way to become better.
1.A.strengthen B.condemn C.inspire D.represent
2.A.identical B.temporary C.various D.false
3.A.preparations B.predictions C.appointments D.explanations
4.A.accelerated B.failed C.exited D.succeeded
5.A.approached B.trained C.expected D.witnessed
6.A.relief B.envy C.satisfaction D.delight
7.A.annoyed B.ashamed C.good D.terrible
8.A.desert B.learn C.delete D.display
9.A.win B.miss C.deliver D.value
10.A.bond B.bet C.victory D.loss
11.A.aim B.benefit C.burden D.limit
12.A.funnier B.worse C.better D.slower
13.A.decisions B.attitudes C.positions D.experiences
14.A.repeat B.admit C.accept D.notice
15.A.wrongly B.scarcely C.truly D.narrowly
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we watched Shackleton and the boat sailed away ①_____ Elephant Island, we felt low and ②_____ (discourage). But it was not for long. A good dinner and some music made us ③_____ (cheer) again. Life fell into a regular pattern. We had to find food and ④_____ (drink) water and also had to deal with the changing temperatures. ⑤_____ twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. We were ⑥_____ (luck) that our group worked hard to show an admirable mental attitude and dealt with our ever-present fears ⑦_____ a positive and successful way. When we were ⑧_____ (final) rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. It was our ⑨_____ (optimistic) and faith in Shackleton that had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his commitment ⑩_____ (save) us from a slow but painful death.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,请你写一篇英文日记,讲述你上周日参加学校组织的去中山公园秋游的经历。 要点如下:
1. 活动目的;
2. 活动介绍;
3. 你的感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
Once, a man was walking on a mountain when he found an incredible cave. Stored inside were all kinds of treasure and precious stones, and when he saw it, the man concealed the cave entrance and stayed there, guarding it.
From that day on, the man hid all his valuables in the cave, and to avoid anyone suspecting he was rich, he gave up his job, his home, and his friends. He constantly watched the approaches to his cave, wanting no one to find out about it. Fearing thieves, he guarded the cave the whole night through.
He was so dedicated to the cave that he hardly ate or drank. Before long, he fell ill. Many days passed, and he got thinner and sicker, losing all his strength, until he was on the point of dying. One day, when he could hardly move at all, he realized it was his greed that had brought him to this extreme end. He now understood that guarding his treasure had been of no use and no good whatsoever. Just before he died, he decided to share it with others.
He crawled into the cave to get a handful of jewels, but discovered, to his horror, that the cave was almost empty. All he could find was a small emerald, which had only a dull sheen to it. The man took it, and left the cave, intending to give it to the first person passing by. Soon a woman approached, and she accepted the emerald with great joy.
"Are you sure there's nothing else " replied the woman. The man shook his head, and pointed to the cave. But he could see that some treasure was still there; he saw some gold coins. "Take them with you," he said. The woman took both the emerald and the coins, and went away happily.
In a while, an old man came by and asked the man what he was doing there. "What bad luck! Just a moment ago I gave a woman the few riches left from the fabulous hoard of treasure I was guarding."
"Are you sure there is nothing left " the old man asked him.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
"And why does this happen " said the man. "Why do things appear and disappear "____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 BAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her previous efforts all failed...So this time she has made her decision very public.”可知，她以前私下里一个人戒烟一直没有成功，所以她希望这次在大庭广众之下可以戒烟成功。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Lu, who is a writer, has been keeping an online blog of her experiences in the glass house.”可知，把自己在玻璃房里戒烟的经历发到网上是卢要做的事情之一。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Surprisingly, it made me want to stop smoking even more”可知，卢看见别人在她面前吸烟后更加坚定了自己戒烟的信念。故选D。
B
答案：1-4.ADBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"Once upon a time, a laughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time."可知女孩向她的父亲抱怨是因为她艰难的生活。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的"He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity—the boiling water. However, each one reacted differently."可知,不同的人对逆境有不同的反应,故选D。
3.词义猜测题。由画线词后的"with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid"可知鸡蛋是易碎的,所以fragile的意思是“易碎的”,B选项与fragile的意思最接近,故选B。
4.标题归纳题。文章介绍一个女孩向父亲抱怨,说她的生活不快乐,她厌倦了一直在奋斗。父亲将她带到厨房,把土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆分别放在盆里煮,让孩子看这三种东西的反应,从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。所以文章主要讲的是生活中的挑战和你的反应,故选D。
C
答案：1-4.ABCA
解析：1.推理判断题。题干问的是这篇报道可能是关于什么内容。根据整篇文章我们可以看出, 这篇报道介绍了孩子们阅读的乐趣、时间、方式以及父母对孩子阅读的影响。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的..."the proportion who say they 'hardly ever' read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today."可知, 第三段中的数据可以直接表明如今孩子们为乐趣而进行的阅读减少了。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time可知, 许多家长仍然限制电子阅读, 主要是担心孩子看电子屏幕的时间越来越多, 即担心电子阅读会伤害孩子们的健康。故选C项。
4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.可知, 有明显的证据表明, 父母为孩子们树立榜样能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也就是说, 父母可以通过作为榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读。故选A项。
D
答案：1-4 DBAA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was May 23,2016. Arnot, the 32-year-old mountain guide, reached the top of Everest without die use of oxygen (O2) equipment.”可知，2016年5月23日，32岁的阿诺特在没有使用氧气设备的情况下登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“After my first climbing, I knew immediately that mountains are what I want—as that is where I felt at home for the first time in my life.”可知，阿诺特爱上登山是因为登山让她感到舒适，即山给了舒适感，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Arnot didn't start climbing until she was 19 years old.”可知，阿诺特直到19岁才开始登山。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“After that first climb, she devoted herself to learning how to climb and move through mountain.”与第三句“However, while hiking into Everest Base Camp that year, she hurt her leg and wasn't able to climb without oxygen.”可知，阿诺特第一次爬山之后，她全身心地投入到学习如何爬山和穿越高山之中；虽然腿受了伤无法进行无氧登山，但她还是没有放弃登山，说明了阿诺特非常有决心。根据最后一段最后一句“So much of Arnot's life has been about pushing the limits of her abilities…”可知，阿诺特一生的大部分时间都在挑战自己的能力极限，说明了阿诺特非常勇敢。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ BGACF
解析：①由该空前的“Jacques Cartier went to North America looking for gold…”和该空后的“It became France's main route into Canada.”可知， B项“相反，雅克 卡蒂埃发现了圣劳伦斯河”符合此处语境。
②由第三段中的“In about 1534, the king of France asked him to lead an expedition”可知， G项“在1534年春天，卡蒂埃横渡大西洋到了现在的加拿大”符合语境。
③由该空后的“This time, Cartier sailed deeper into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence…”可知，在1535年5月，卡蒂埃进行了第二次航行。
④由该空前的“the first Europeans to winter in what is now Canada”可知， C项“严寒令卡蒂埃和船员们难以承受，其中一些船员死于严寒”符合此处语境。
⑤由该空前的“Cartier once again crossed the Atlantic”和该空后的“he was told that they were just the common minerals pyrite (fool's gold) and quartz”可知，1541年卡蒂埃第三次北航，他进一步探险,发现了他认为是黄金和宝石的“宝物”。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.DCABD; 6-10.BCBAC; 11-15.BCDAC
解析：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过自己的亲身经历向我们诠释了“失败是成功之母”的真谛。
1.根据上文的"which was a mock UN activity"可知,由于是参加模拟的联合国活动,所以应该是代表(represent)不同的国家。
2.根据下文的best delegates, honorary mentions, and verbal mentions可知,(有)各种各样的(various)奖项。
3.根据上文的"I participated in Model United Nations"和下文的"undoubtedly got a few awards"可知,作者每次都做好准备(preparation)。
4.根据"because I had never won the best delegate award"可知,作者常常感到自己失败(fail)了。
5.作者见证(witness)了那些学生不该赢但是好几次都赢得奖项的情况。
6.作者对他们的成功产生了嫉妒(envy)。
7.由语境可知,此处填good。 annoyed生气的;ashamed羞愧的;terrible糟糕的,可怕的。
8.后来作者明白了,由于能学到(learn)一些东西,所以拿不到奖项也很好。
9.根据下文的the best delegate award可知,此处为赢得(win)。
10.根据as a failure和or可知,所填的词应该和failure相对,所以填victory。
11.根据"because you can always learn something from it"可知,此处指的是失败的益处(benefit)。
12.由于你从中学到了一些,所以下一次会做得更好(better)。
13.根据上文的"knowledge and ability are learned from"可知,我们从经历(experience)中学到知识和能力。
14.根据上文的"I make a mistake"可知,此处指不会重复(repeat)那个错误。
15.作者认为,这确实(truly)是变得更好的最佳方法。
第二节
答案： from; discouraged; cheerful; drinking; The; lucky; in; finally; optimism; to save
解析：①此处表示乘船驶离大象岛，所以填from。
②此处表示留在大象岛上的队员们的心理感受，所以用discouraged。
③此处表示“使我们高兴起来”，所以填cheerful。
④此处表示“饮用水”，所以填drinking。
⑤特指剩下的22人，所以填the。
⑥所填的词作表语，所以用形容词形式。
⑦in a...way用……的方式。
⑧所填的词修饰动词，所以用副词形式。
⑨所填的词和下文的faith并列，所以用名词形式。
⑩所填的词作定语修饰commitment，所以用动词不定式。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
October 20, 2019 Sunday Sunny
To help students relax, our school organized an autumn outing to Zhongshan Park.
At 8:10 am, my classmates and I met at our school gate and set off for Zhongshan Park. An hour later, we got there. The scene there was of breathtaking beauty. ①We were free to walk around and enjoy the amazing scenery. After lunch, we were divided into groups, playing games, singing and dancing. At around 4 pm, we started to head back, tired but happy.
②This activity not only offered us a chance to get closer to nature, but also brought us closer to each other.
第二节
答案： "Are you sure there is nothing left " the old man asked him. The man led him into the cave. To his surprise, there was a box full of treasure and precious stones. "What why " the man was shocked. "Congratulations! Young man," the old man said. "You see, this is the Cave of treasure. You are the first to pass its test. Many others who discovered the cave ended up realizing there was nothing here."
"And why does this happen " said the man. "Why do things appear and disappear " This magic cave has as many riches as your own heart does. When people discover the cave, it will fill with the jewels if they share them with others. However, if they devote themselves to guarding the treasure, their hearts begin emptying. So does the cave. The only way to fill it is by filling your heart with all that is good, as you did. So it is better to share things than keep them to yourself."
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Singaporean woman will return to normal life today after spending three days in a glass box. 26-year-old Cheyenne Lu has been living in full view of the public on a busy shopping street in an effort to quit smoking.
Lu, who has been smoking for the last 12 years, knows how difficult it is to quit. Her previous efforts all failed be-cause she didn't tell her family and friends that she was trying to give up. So this time she has made her decision very public. The experiment was organized by the Health Promotion Board (HPB) as part of an effort to encourage young Singaporean women not to smoke. There has been a large increase in the number of women smokers in recent years.
Lu has been eating and sleeping in a glass room for the last three days, with an Internet connection and a collection of DVDs to help her pass the time. Besides, she has been having yoga classes with a fitness trainer. Lu, who is a writer, has been keeping an online blog of her experiences in the glass house.
Lu says she has received a lot of encouragement from people passing by. However, some people have tried to make it more difficult by stopping in front of her window and smoking. One stranger even offered to give her $ 500 to smoke with him. "Surprisingly, it made me want to stop smoking even more," said Lu.
Although Lu has tried not to smoke for three days, she knows this is only the beginning of her smoke-free journey. But she has something to look forward to. She is a supporter of Arsenal Football Club, and she plans to use all the money she saves by not smoking to travel to London.
1. Why was Lu living in a glass box
A. She needed more public support.
B. She failed to quit smoking in private.
C. She wanted to make money for HPB.
D. She hoped to ask other women to join her.
2. How did Lu kill time when she stayed in the glass room
A. She recorded her experiences online. B. She slept for most of the time.
C. She talked with passers-by. D. She taught yoga classes.
3. What was Lu's attitude towards people's smoking in front of her
A. It made her angry. B. It worried her a lot.
C. It attracted her attention. D. It strengthened her will.
B
Once upon a time, a daughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time.
Her father, a chef, took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil, he placed potatoes, eggs and coffee beans in them. After 20 minutes, he took them out, putting the potatoes and eggs in a bowl and the coffee in a cup.
Turning to his daughter, he said, "Look closer, and touch the potatoes." She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to taste the coffee. Its good smell brought a smile to her face.
"Father, what does this mean ” she asked. He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity(逆境)—the boiling water. However, each one reacted differently. The strong and hard potato became soft and weak in boiling water. The egg was fragile, with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid until it was put in the boiling water. Then the inside of the egg became hard. However, the coffee beans were unique. After they were exposed to the boiling water, they changed the water and created something new. "Which one do you want to be like," he asked. "When adversity knocks on your door, how will you respond "
In life, challenges happen to us all, but the only thing that truly matters is what happens within us.
1.Why did the girl complain to her father
A.Because of her hard life. B.Because of her tiring job.
C.Because of her father's busy work. D.Because of the food her father cooked.
2.What can we infer from this story
A.The girl liked the coffee best.
B.The father was good at cooking.
C.The girl didn't like the potatoes and eggs.
D.Different people have different reactions to adversity.
3.What does the underlined word "fragile" mean in the fourth paragraph
A.Thick. B.Easily-broken. C.Strong. D.Hard.
4.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Father and daughter B.Adversities and a chef
C.A chef and coffee beans D.Challenges and responses
C
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children's lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.
According to the report's key findings, "the proportion(比例) who say they 'hardly ever' read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today."
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, aged 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effects of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to a library or bookstore.
1.What is the Common Sense Media report probably about
A.Children's reading habits. B.Quality of children's books.
C.Children's after-class activities. D.Parent-child relationships.
2.Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"
A.In paragraph 2. B.In paragraph 3.
C.In paragraph 4. D.In paragraph 5.
3.Why do many parents limit electronic reading
A.E-books are of poor quality. B.It could be a waste of time.
C.It may harm children's health. D.E-readers are expensive.
4.How should parents encourage their children to read more
A.Act as role models for them. B.Ask them to write book reports.
C.Set up reading groups for them. D.Talk with their reading class teachers.
D
It was May 23, 2016. Arnot, the 32-year-old mountain guide, reached the top of Everest without the use of oxygen(O2) equipment. It was achieved after seven years, three previous attempts, and fourteen straight hours of climbing.
After 15 minutes at the top, Arnot began her descent(下坡). Eight hours later, she reached the camp at 7,600 meters and became the first American woman—and only the seventh woman ever—to successfully reach Mount Everest without oxygen equipment.
"There are so many reasons for her impressive achievement, especially the physical and emotional efforts that she's put forth over the years to make this happen," said the professional climber and photographer Richards. "The mental courage that it requires is something very few people have."
Arnot didn't start climbing until she was 19 years old. Money was tight in her family, and climbing mountains never occurred in her mind. After graduating from college, Arnot was invited by her friend to climb a mountain. "It totally changed my life," said Arnot. "I always know that if you want something, you can achieve it, but knowing what you want is a whole different thing," she said. "I am athletic but not competitive. After my first climbing, I knew immediately that mountains are what I want—as that is where I felt at home for the first time in my life."
After that first climb, she devoted herself to learning how to climb and move through mountain. It was during her second trip to Everest in 2009 that she first set her sights on a no-oxygen attempt. However, while hiking into Everest Base Camp that year, she hurt her leg and wasn't able to climb without oxygen. In 2013 she nearly made it to the top, but was forced to take oxygen at 8,504 meters while helping another climber.
When Arnot finally stood atop Everest, she called her best friend, "I reached the top and I'm not using any oxygen." Then, tears began to stream down from her eyes. So much of Arnot's life has been about pushing the limits of her abilities, and in this case, she's also pushed up against the outer limits of the human spirit.
1. What did Arnot do on May 23, 2016
A. She spent 8 straight hours climbing.
B. She stayed at the top for 50 minutes.
C. She made her first attempt to climb Everest.
D. She reached the top without oxygen equipment.
2. Why did Arnot fall in love with climbing
A. Money was no longer a problem to her.
B. Mountains gave her the feeling of comfort.
C. She tried to be more athletic and competitive.
D. She wanted to build up her body through climbing.
3. What do we know about Arnot's climbing experiences
A. She took up climbing when she was 19 years old.
B. She has always been a good climber since her childhood.
C. She climbed Everest with her family during her first trip.
D. She hurt her leg badly while helping another climber in 2009.
4. Which of the following can describe Arnot best
A. Determined and brave. B. Cautious and honest.
C. Caring and open-minded. D. Confident and creative.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 French explorer Jacques Cartier is known mainly for exploring the St. Lawrence River and giving Canada its name.
Like many other European explorers, Jacques Cartier went to North America looking for gold and perhaps a shortcut to Asia. ①_____ It became France's main route into Canada.
Jacques Cartier was born on December 31, 1491 in Brittany, a province of France. In about 1534, the king of France asked him to lead an expedition(远征) to the New World in search of riches and a new route to Asia.
②_____ There he and his crew explored the land around the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and met Native Americans. When he sailed back to France, he took with him two Native Americans.
③_____ This time, Cartier sailed deeper into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and into the Saint Lawrence River. The two Native Americans he had taken before had learned French, and they served as guides. About 260 miles inland, Cartier reached the Native American village of Stadacona. Today, the city of Quebec stands near that place.
Cartier and his men were among the first Europeans to winter in what is now Canada. ④_____ After returning to France he reported tales told by the native people of treasures farther inland.
Cartier once again crossed the Atlantic in 1541. ⑤_____ When he returned to France in 1542, he was told that they were just the common minerals pyrite(黄铁矿) (fool's gold) and quartz(石英).
A. A second voyage came in May 1535.
B. Instead he found the Saint Lawrence River.
C. The bitter cold surprised them, and some of the men died.
D. He made three voyages of exploration in dangerous waters.
E. Cartier was considered one of the most devoted explorers of the period.
F. He explored further and found what he thought were gold and diamonds.
G. In the spring of 1534 Cartier sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to what is now Canada.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Three years ago, I participated in Model United Nations (MUN) held by the Education Department, which was a mock (模拟的) UN activity. During the two days, students are separated in different groups which 1 different countries to debate and try to solve problems. MUN has 2 awards : best delegates(代表), honorary mentions, and verbal mentions.
Each time I participate in MUN, I made good 3 and undoubtedly got a few awards. But I often felt as if I'd 4 because I had never won the best delegate award. I 5 those who didn't deserve to win the award but won it several times, and I was just filled with 6 at their success. But later I realized that it was also 7 not to get the award because I could actually 8 something, and that I shouldn't 9 the best delegate award until I was the best delegate I could be.
Failures are completely subjective—we can look at a result as a failure or a 10 . Any failure can be regarded as a (n) 11 because you can always learn something from it and do 12 next time. This is supported by John Locke's theory that we are born with blank views: knowledge and ability are learned from our 13 . That's true. If I make a mistake in the life practice, then I probably won't 14 that next time. I believe this is 15 the best way to become better.
1.A.strengthen B.condemn C.inspire D.represent
2.A.identical B.temporary C.various D.false
3.A.preparations B.predictions C.appointments D.explanations
4.A.accelerated B.failed C.exited D.succeeded
5.A.approached B.trained C.expected D.witnessed
6.A.relief B.envy C.satisfaction D.delight
7.A.annoyed B.ashamed C.good D.terrible
8.A.desert B.learn C.delete D.display
9.A.win B.miss C.deliver D.value
10.A.bond B.bet C.victory D.loss
11.A.aim B.benefit C.burden D.limit
12.A.funnier B.worse C.better D.slower
13.A.decisions B.attitudes C.positions D.experiences
14.A.repeat B.admit C.accept D.notice
15.A.wrongly B.scarcely C.truly D.narrowly
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we watched Shackleton and the boat sailed away ①_____ Elephant Island, we felt low and ②_____ (discourage). But it was not for long. A good dinner and some music made us ③_____ (cheer) again. Life fell into a regular pattern. We had to find food and ④_____ (drink) water and also had to deal with the changing temperatures. ⑤_____ twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. We were ⑥_____ (luck) that our group worked hard to show an admirable mental attitude and dealt with our ever-present fears ⑦_____ a positive and successful way. When we were ⑧_____ (final) rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. It was our ⑨_____ (optimistic) and faith in Shackleton that had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his commitment ⑩_____ (save) us from a slow but painful death.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,请你写一篇英文日记,讲述你上周日参加学校组织的去中山公园秋游的经历。 要点如下:
1. 活动目的;
2. 活动介绍;
3. 你的感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
Once, a man was walking on a mountain when he found an incredible cave. Stored inside were all kinds of treasure and precious stones, and when he saw it, the man concealed the cave entrance and stayed there, guarding it.
From that day on, the man hid all his valuables in the cave, and to avoid anyone suspecting he was rich, he gave up his job, his home, and his friends. He constantly watched the approaches to his cave, wanting no one to find out about it. Fearing thieves, he guarded the cave the whole night through.
He was so dedicated to the cave that he hardly ate or drank. Before long, he fell ill. Many days passed, and he got thinner and sicker, losing all his strength, until he was on the point of dying. One day, when he could hardly move at all, he realized it was his greed that had brought him to this extreme end. He now understood that guarding his treasure had been of no use and no good whatsoever. Just before he died, he decided to share it with others.
He crawled into the cave to get a handful of jewels, but discovered, to his horror, that the cave was almost empty. All he could find was a small emerald, which had only a dull sheen to it. The man took it, and left the cave, intending to give it to the first person passing by. Soon a woman approached, and she accepted the emerald with great joy.
"Are you sure there's nothing else " replied the woman. The man shook his head, and pointed to the cave. But he could see that some treasure was still there; he saw some gold coins. "Take them with you," he said. The woman took both the emerald and the coins, and went away happily.
In a while, an old man came by and asked the man what he was doing there. "What bad luck! Just a moment ago I gave a woman the few riches left from the fabulous hoard of treasure I was guarding."
"Are you sure there is nothing left " the old man asked him.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
"And why does this happen " said the man. "Why do things appear and disappear "____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 BAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her previous efforts all failed...So this time she has made her decision very public.”可知，她以前私下里一个人戒烟一直没有成功，所以她希望这次在大庭广众之下可以戒烟成功。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Lu, who is a writer, has been keeping an online blog of her experiences in the glass house.”可知，把自己在玻璃房里戒烟的经历发到网上是卢要做的事情之一。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Surprisingly, it made me want to stop smoking even more”可知，卢看见别人在她面前吸烟后更加坚定了自己戒烟的信念。故选D。
B
答案：1-4.ADBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"Once upon a time, a laughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time."可知女孩向她的父亲抱怨是因为她艰难的生活。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的"He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity—the boiling water. However, each one reacted differently."可知,不同的人对逆境有不同的反应,故选D。
3.词义猜测题。由画线词后的"with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid"可知鸡蛋是易碎的,所以fragile的意思是“易碎的”,B选项与fragile的意思最接近,故选B。
4.标题归纳题。文章介绍一个女孩向父亲抱怨,说她的生活不快乐,她厌倦了一直在奋斗。父亲将她带到厨房,把土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆分别放在盆里煮,让孩子看这三种东西的反应,从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。所以文章主要讲的是生活中的挑战和你的反应,故选D。
C
答案：1-4.ABCA
解析：1.推理判断题。题干问的是这篇报道可能是关于什么内容。根据整篇文章我们可以看出, 这篇报道介绍了孩子们阅读的乐趣、时间、方式以及父母对孩子阅读的影响。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的..."the proportion who say they 'hardly ever' read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today."可知, 第三段中的数据可以直接表明如今孩子们为乐趣而进行的阅读减少了。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time可知, 许多家长仍然限制电子阅读, 主要是担心孩子看电子屏幕的时间越来越多, 即担心电子阅读会伤害孩子们的健康。故选C项。
4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.可知, 有明显的证据表明, 父母为孩子们树立榜样能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也就是说, 父母可以通过作为榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读。故选A项。
D
答案：1-4 DBAA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was May 23,2016. Arnot, the 32-year-old mountain guide, reached the top of Everest without die use of oxygen (O2) equipment.”可知，2016年5月23日，32岁的阿诺特在没有使用氧气设备的情况下登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“After my first climbing, I knew immediately that mountains are what I want—as that is where I felt at home for the first time in my life.”可知，阿诺特爱上登山是因为登山让她感到舒适，即山给了舒适感，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Arnot didn't start climbing until she was 19 years old.”可知，阿诺特直到19岁才开始登山。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“After that first climb, she devoted herself to learning how to climb and move through mountain.”与第三句“However, while hiking into Everest Base Camp that year, she hurt her leg and wasn't able to climb without oxygen.”可知，阿诺特第一次爬山之后，她全身心地投入到学习如何爬山和穿越高山之中；虽然腿受了伤无法进行无氧登山，但她还是没有放弃登山，说明了阿诺特非常有决心。根据最后一段最后一句“So much of Arnot's life has been about pushing the limits of her abilities…”可知，阿诺特一生的大部分时间都在挑战自己的能力极限，说明了阿诺特非常勇敢。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ BGACF
解析：①由该空前的“Jacques Cartier went to North America looking for gold…”和该空后的“It became France's main route into Canada.”可知， B项“相反，雅克 卡蒂埃发现了圣劳伦斯河”符合此处语境。
②由第三段中的“In about 1534, the king of France asked him to lead an expedition”可知， G项“在1534年春天，卡蒂埃横渡大西洋到了现在的加拿大”符合语境。
③由该空后的“This time, Cartier sailed deeper into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence…”可知，在1535年5月，卡蒂埃进行了第二次航行。
④由该空前的“the first Europeans to winter in what is now Canada”可知， C项“严寒令卡蒂埃和船员们难以承受，其中一些船员死于严寒”符合此处语境。
⑤由该空前的“Cartier once again crossed the Atlantic”和该空后的“he was told that they were just the common minerals pyrite (fool's gold) and quartz”可知，1541年卡蒂埃第三次北航，他进一步探险,发现了他认为是黄金和宝石的“宝物”。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.DCABD; 6-10.BCBAC; 11-15.BCDAC
解析：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过自己的亲身经历向我们诠释了“失败是成功之母”的真谛。
1.根据上文的"which was a mock UN activity"可知,由于是参加模拟的联合国活动,所以应该是代表(represent)不同的国家。
2.根据下文的best delegates, honorary mentions, and verbal mentions可知,(有)各种各样的(various)奖项。
3.根据上文的"I participated in Model United Nations"和下文的"undoubtedly got a few awards"可知,作者每次都做好准备(preparation)。
4.根据"because I had never won the best delegate award"可知,作者常常感到自己失败(fail)了。
5.作者见证(witness)了那些学生不该赢但是好几次都赢得奖项的情况。
6.作者对他们的成功产生了嫉妒(envy)。
7.由语境可知,此处填good。 annoyed生气的;ashamed羞愧的;terrible糟糕的,可怕的。
8.后来作者明白了,由于能学到(learn)一些东西,所以拿不到奖项也很好。
9.根据下文的the best delegate award可知,此处为赢得(win)。
10.根据as a failure和or可知,所填的词应该和failure相对,所以填victory。
11.根据"because you can always learn something from it"可知,此处指的是失败的益处(benefit)。
12.由于你从中学到了一些,所以下一次会做得更好(better)。
13.根据上文的"knowledge and ability are learned from"可知,我们从经历(experience)中学到知识和能力。
14.根据上文的"I make a mistake"可知,此处指不会重复(repeat)那个错误。
15.作者认为,这确实(truly)是变得更好的最佳方法。
第二节
答案： from; discouraged; cheerful; drinking; The; lucky; in; finally; optimism; to save
解析：①此处表示乘船驶离大象岛，所以填from。
②此处表示留在大象岛上的队员们的心理感受，所以用discouraged。
③此处表示“使我们高兴起来”，所以填cheerful。
④此处表示“饮用水”，所以填drinking。
⑤特指剩下的22人，所以填the。
⑥所填的词作表语，所以用形容词形式。
⑦in a...way用……的方式。
⑧所填的词修饰动词，所以用副词形式。
⑨所填的词和下文的faith并列，所以用名词形式。
⑩所填的词作定语修饰commitment，所以用动词不定式。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
October 20, 2019 Sunday Sunny
To help students relax, our school organized an autumn outing to Zhongshan Park.
At 8:10 am, my classmates and I met at our school gate and set off for Zhongshan Park. An hour later, we got there. The scene there was of breathtaking beauty. ①We were free to walk around and enjoy the amazing scenery. After lunch, we were divided into groups, playing games, singing and dancing. At around 4 pm, we started to head back, tired but happy.
②This activity not only offered us a chance to get closer to nature, but also brought us closer to each other.
第二节
答案： "Are you sure there is nothing left " the old man asked him. The man led him into the cave. To his surprise, there was a box full of treasure and precious stones. "What why " the man was shocked. "Congratulations! Young man," the old man said. "You see, this is the Cave of treasure. You are the first to pass its test. Many others who discovered the cave ended up realizing there was nothing here."
"And why does this happen " said the man. "Why do things appear and disappear " This magic cave has as many riches as your own heart does. When people discover the cave, it will fill with the jewels if they share them with others. However, if they devote themselves to guarding the treasure, their hearts begin emptying. So does the cave. The only way to fill it is by filling your heart with all that is good, as you did. So it is better to share things than keep them to yourself."