Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are 语法精析+学法应用+典题技精炼

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are
语法精析
宾语从句
宾语从句是指主句中用在动词或介词后做宾语的从句。在初中阶段，我门应该知道一下三个方面的内容：
宾语从句的时态与主句中的动词保持一致。宾语从句的时态一致性遵循以下原则：
当主句为过去时态时，从句必须使用过去的时态（根据需要使用适当的过去时态）
He said that he would come back home in half an hour. 他说他半个小时后回来。
I wondered what you were doing at this time last night .我想知道你昨晚的这个时候在干什么。
She said that she had seen the film before. 她说以前看过这部影片。
(2)当主句为现在时态时，从句时态不受主句时间限制，根据其自身需要，使用适当时态。
I think that Mr Black will give us a talk tomorrow afternoon. 我想布莱克明天下午将会给我们做报告。
The police want to know what you were doing at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. 警察想知道你昨天下午四点时在干什么。
Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station 请问到火车站怎么走？
(3)当从句说明客观规律时，不受主句时态限制，只使用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth circles the sun 老师说地球围绕太阳转。
He told us that two and two is four. 她告诉我们2加2等于4 .
宾语从句需要一个引导词。
宾语从句的引导词的选用与原句无关
原句为陈述句时，宾语从句的引导词是that ，可省略
He said (that) he was able to do the work all by himself . 他说他能独自做这个工作。
He told me that he would come to see me this afternoon .他对我说下午来看望我。
原句为一般疑问句时，宾语从句的引导词是if 或whether (是否）
He asked me if I had finished my homework .他问我有没有做完作业。
I wonder whether he is a student or a teacher. 我想知道他是学生还是老师。
原句为特殊疑问句，宾语从句的引导词是原句的wh-疑问词（特殊疑问词）
Please go and sees when the train will arrive . 请去看看火车什么时候到。
He asked me how I got on with my classmates. 他问我和同学相处得怎么样。
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，如果原句是疑问句时，倒装句式和住到哪个词哟啊调整或去掉。
原句：Are you waiting for me
宾语从句：He wants to know if I am waiting for him.
原句：When did he come
宾语从句：I don’t know when he came.
学法精点
宾语从句的中考考点：
主从句时态的一致性：主要考察当主句为过去时态时，从句时态也应该使用过去时态（着重考过去将来时）；当然也应注意；如果哦从句为客观规律，应使用一般现在时。
He said that he_____ the Great Wall tomorrow .
will visit B. is going to visit C. would visit D. went
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east.
rise B. rises C. rose D. would rise
从句的基本句式，一定记清楚，从句必须用陈述句式（无论任何都应放在主语后）,一般情况后，从句的句式和主从句时态一致性会在同一个题中进行考察。
I want to know _______ .
where are they going B. where they are going C. they are going where
She asked me _______ .
when will the train arrive B. when would the train arrive
C when the train will arrive D. when the train would arrive
引导词的判定，确定从句的引导词，需考虑从句的原句式是否为疑问句式以及从句中是否缺少成分。
从句原句式是否为疑问句式的判定，当主句动词为ask, wonder , want to know , find out ,tell 以及用于否定和疑问的know , 从句原句式为疑问，其引导词应用if , whether 或wh-疑问词。
He asked if I could help him with his English .
She wondered what she could do with the boy
从句原句式为疑问句时，应考虑从句中是否缺少成分，入不缺成分，引导词If或whether(一般不考虑两者的区别，从句中含比比较时，一般用whether );如从句中缺少成分，应根据所缺成分的不同，选用适当的wh-疑问词。
Do you know _______ Mr. Black will come here tomorrow
that B. if C. what D. when
He didn’t know ______ he could say at the meeting.
that B. if C. what D. how
此外，还要判定if或when引导的从句是否时宾语从句，主要考察从句中是否可用将来时态，宾语从句的时间为将来时，从句动词用一般将来时表示 ；而条件从句(if引导）或时间从句（when引导）的时间为将来时，从句动词用一般现在时表示
用不定式带话宾语从句将主从复合句变为简单句的方式：当主从句的主语一致或从句主句主语同主句的间接宾语一致时，从句时态为将来，引导词为wh-疑问词或whether 时，可将宾语从句变为不定式放在引导词，使主从复合句变为简单句。
He didn’t know what he should say at the meeting .
He didn’t know what to say at the meeting .
Could you please tell me how I can get to the train station
Could you please how to get to the train station
学法精炼
选择填空
( ) 1. -Do you know ______
-He is a dentist .
where he is from B. where is he from
C where does his father do D. what his father is
( ) 2. -Did the radio say ______
-Yes, from Hunan .
how the bad rice came
where the bad rice came from
how did the bad rice come
where did the bad rice come from
( ) 3. I don’t remember _____the book yesterday .
where I put
where did I put
where will I put
where I will put
语法精炼
( ) 1. I wonder _____ you can go there with me .
that B. what C. if D. where
( ) 2. I’m looking for a sweater for my daughter . Could you tell me what color _____
I should choose B. should I choose C. I chose D. did I choose
( ) 3. Can you tell me _____
what he name B. what his name is
C what does his name D. what is his name
( ) 4. I don’t think that _____ able to come here tomorrow.
he can B. he will C. he is D .he’ll be
( ) 5. He doesn’t know if she ______ . If she ______ , he will , too.
will leave ; will leave B. leaves ; leaves
C will leave ; leaves D. leaves ; will leave
II. 把下面各句改为宾语从句。
1. Can you help me with my homework
I wonder ____________________________________________ .
When is the school festival
Can you tell us ______________________________________
3 How can I get to the library
Could you please tell me _______________________________
Where did he find his bike
He didn’t say _________________________________________ .
Is Mr Sun at his office or away
Can you tell me _______________________________________
典题精炼
( ) 1. -Philip has gone to New Zealand
-Oh, can you tell me _____
when did he leave B. when he is learning
C when he left D. when is he leaving
( ) 2. Hi, Betty . Do you know _____ from our school to the shopping center
how long is it B. how far is it
C how long it is D. how far it is
( ) 3. -Can I park my car here , sir
-______ . You see , there’s much traffic here.
Never mind B. You’d better not
C Of course not D. Yes,please
( ) 4. -David , why are you so excited
-My father has made a ______ that he will take me to Tibet next month .
face B. promise C. mistake
( ) 5. The new designed car is on show now . I wonder ______ .
how much it cost B. how much it costs
C how much did it cost D. how much does it cost
参考答案
语法精炼
1-3 DBA
学法应用
1-5 CABDC
1. if you can help me with my housework
when the school festival is
3 how I can get to the library
4 where he (had )found his bike
whether Mr Sun is at his office or away
典题精炼
1-5 CDBBB
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