课件60张PPT。Period 2 Learning about Language & Using Language
8．tip/tIp/ n．________ ________ ________ ________
vt.________ ________
9．swap/sw?p/ vt.________
10．item/'aIt?m/ n．________ ________
答案 1.settle 2.suffer 3.recover 4.teenager 5.exactly6.不同意 7.不喜欢，厌恶 8.提示；技巧；尖；小费；倾斜，翻倒 9.交换 10.项目，条款Ⅱ.短语天地
1．____________ 遭受，患病
2．____________从……中恢复，康复
3．____________厌倦，对……厌烦
4．____________装箱，打包
5．____________与……相处；进展
6．communicate with sb____________
7．have trouble with sth/in doing sth____________
8．fall in love with sb____________9．join in____________
10．make friends with sb____________
答案 1.suffer from 2.recover from 3.be/get tired of 4.pack up 5.get along with 6.与某人交流 7.做某事有困难 8.爱上某人，与某人相爱 9.参加，加入 10.与某人交朋友③解决(问题)；结束(争端，纠纷)
Since it is so difficult, who can settle the problem?
题目这么难，谁能解决？
(2)vi.
①稳定下来，平静/镇定下来(＋down/to)
It's midnight, but I can't settle to my report.
半夜了，可我还安不下心来写报告。
She dicided to settle down and marry.
她决心安定下来，找个人结婚。[美国传统]②停留
The bird settled on a branch.鸟儿落在树枝上。
③安家，定居，移民
The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。【归纳拓展】
settle sth 处理某事，决定某事
settle to do sth 决定做某事
settle that... 决定……
settle down 定居；坐下来
settle in 迁入(新居)
settle with 与……结账，与……清账
settlement n. 解决；协议(书)；定居点
settler n. 移民者，殖民者，开拓者【单项填空】
①The Browns decided to ________ in the montain village since it was quiet and the air was fresh to breathe.
A．set down B．settle down
C．turn down D．calm down
解析 set down记下，写下；turn down关小，调低，拒绝；calm down平静下来，都不合句意。settle down此处为“定居下来”。
答案 B用settle的适当形式或相关短语填空
②They will ________a new house next week.
③You should ________and write your article alone.
④He ________his affairs before leaving.
⑤I shall ________the bank in no more than a week.
答案 ②settle in ③settle down ④settled ⑤settle with2．suffer vt.& vi.(suffered，suffered，suffering，suffers)忍受；受……之苦；患……病
I will not suffer such conduct.我不能容忍这种行为。
The company suffered a heavy loss because of the credit crisis(信用危机)．
由于信用危机，这家公司遭受了重大损失。
She is suffering from a headache.她正遭受头痛之苦。【归纳拓展】
suffer from 苦于；患……病
suffer from cold and hunger 遭受寒冷和饥饿之苦
suffer from a bad stomach 遭受胃病的痛苦
suffer/experience pain 经历痛苦
suffer/experience defeat 遭受失败
suffering n．[U]痛苦；[C]苦难，常作复数【温馨提示】
suffer作及物动词时，后面跟表示不愉快或损失的词语，其宾语常常是pain，loss，punishment，wrong，hardship，disappointment，injustice(不公正)，grief(悲痛)，insult(侮辱)，defeat(失败)等。suffer from/with后一般跟伤痛、疾病等。
【一目了然】【完成句子】
老人受的苦够多了，年轻时遭受过寒冷和饥饿之苦。现在，儿子的去世又给他带来了更大的痛苦。
The old man ________________enough. He ________________ ________cold and hunger when he was young. Now his son's death brought him ________________.
答案 has suffered; had suffered from; more suffering3．recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得
How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when it's so dirty and dusty?
这个房间如此肮脏、尘土飞扬，琳达在这里怎能从病中康复呢？
I hope you will soon recover.希望你早日康复。
Many cities and villages were recovered by the people's army in that year.那一年人民的军队收复了许多城市和村庄。
She made a great effort to recover herself.
她努力使自己镇定下来。【归纳拓展】
recover sth 重新获得某物
recover oneself 镇定下来
recover from 从……中恢复过来
recovery n．[U，C] 恢复，痊愈，复苏【完成句子】
①He ________ ________(使自己镇定下来)enough to speak calmly when he gave a speech in public.
②She ________________ ________(重新获得平衡)and went on running.
③After a few days of fever, she ________________ ________(开始恢复)．
答案 ①recovered himself ②recovered her balance ③began to recover4．disagree vi.不同意，不一致，不适宜，不适合
Few people would disagree that something should be done to reduce the level of crime in the area.
很少有人会不同意应采取行动减少该地区的犯罪。[剑桥高阶]
I disagree with you about/on this.
对于这件事我与你意见不同。【归纳拓展】
disagree with... 与……不一致/不符
disagree with sb on/about sth
(对某事)与某人意见不一致
sth disagree with sb (气候、食物)不适合某人
agree with sb 同意某人(某人的话)
agree to 同意……(他人的观点、计划等)
agree on 同意……(就……达成一致)
agree to do sth 同意做某事
agreement n. 一致；同意；协定；协议
disagreement n. 意见不一，分歧，争论用agree on, agree to, agree with, disagree with的正确形式填空
①I have told you I ________carry out your plan, so why are you still upset?
②Although the students didn't ________the teacher, they all followed his order.
③We have discussed this issue for a long time, but we still can't ________it.
④In general, we always share the same opinion, but this time he ________me on that point.
答案 ①agreed to ②agree with ③agree on ④disagreed with5．dislike
(1)vt.不喜欢，厌恶(不用于进行时，只能接动名词作宾语)
Almost everyone dislikes being treated badly.
几乎每个人都不喜欢被虐待。
(2)n.不喜欢，厌恶
The little boy has a dislike for reading.
那个小男孩不喜欢读书。
We all take a dislike to those who think themselves great.
我们都厌恶那些自以为了不起的人。【归纳拓展】
like n. & vt. 爱好，喜欢
likes and dislikes 好恶
like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事
【一目了然】
She shares her mother's dislikes of housework, so she dislikes being asked to do any of it. But she likes dancing very much and especially likes to dance with her friends after supper.
她和她妈妈一样不喜欢做家务，因此她不喜欢被要求做任何家务，但她特别喜欢跳舞，尤其是晚饭后与朋友们一起跳舞。【比较网站】 dislike/hate/like【单项填空】
Mr. White dislike ________ like that because he has a strong dislike ________rudeness.
A．being spoken; for B．to speak; of
C．to be spoken; of D．being spoken to; for
解析 “怀特先生不喜欢别人那样对他讲话，因为他对粗鲁(行为)怀有强烈的反感。”dislike doing sth，此处为被动形式，have a dislike for，固定词组，“对……厌恶/反感”。
答案 D6．tip(tipped，tipped，tipping，tips)
(1)n.[C]提示，建议；技巧；尖，尖端；小费
He gave her some tips on the care of her new car.
关于如何护理她的新车，他给她了一些建议。
He had a mole on the tip of his nose.
他的鼻尖上有颗痣。
After having the meal，we left a tip on the table.
饭后，我们在桌上留了小费。(2)v.(使)倾斜；给……小费
The boat tipped to one side.
船向一边倾斜。
The lady tipped the taxi driver one dollar.
这位女士给了出租车司机一美元小费。
I'm sorry I tipped the bottle.
抱歉，我把瓶子打翻了。英译汉(注意tip的词意变化)
Ignoring the warm tip on the beer bottle, I tipped over it when I tried to open it for a customer. I hurt the tip of my finger, so the customer gave me more tips to comfort me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案 不顾啤酒瓶上的温馨提示，我为顾客开瓶时打翻了酒瓶子，弄伤了我的手指尖。于是客人多给了我小费来安慰我。1．get/be tired of 对……厌烦
I've got tired of sitting in front of the computer; let's go for a walk.我厌倦了坐在电脑前，咱们去散步吧。
Tom is tired of that history book which is dull and endless.
汤姆厌烦了那本枯燥乏味，无休无止的历史书。
注意：①get tired of强调动作；be tired of强调状态。
②get在此处为系动词，意为“变得，遭到”等意思，如get rid of, get used, get married, get hurt, get killed等。【一目了然】【归纳拓展】
be tired from/with 因……而疲倦(某事做多了，身体上承受不了，累了)
be tired of 对……厌烦(某事做多了，心理上不愿再接受，相当于become/be no longer interested in )
tire out 使……疲倦不堪,tired adj. 厌倦的，疲劳的
tiring adj. 使人疲劳的，累人的
tiresome adj. 令人厌烦的，烦人的,tireless adj. 不知疲倦的，精力充沛的 用tire的派生词形式填空
①________ of dealing with the ________children, he asked his sister to help look after them.
②It was a ________job. We were ________out but our leader seemed to have ________ energy.
答案 ①Tired, tiresome ②tiring, tired, tireless2．pack up
(1)装箱打包，整理行装
Do you need me to help you pack up?
你需要我帮你整理行装吗？
As soon as I graduated, I packed my bags and moved to the west of China.
一毕业我就收拾行李去了中国西部。(2)停止工作，收工
It was time to pack up.
收工了。
(3)n.[C]小包，包裹
a pack of 一帮，一伙，一群，一包
These persons all had packs on their backs.
这些人都背着背包。
A pack of reporters were waiting outside for the latest news.
一群记者在外面等待最新消息。【单项填空】
The workers ________the glasses and marked on each box “This side up”．
A．carried B．delivered
C．pressed D．packed
解析 pack此处意为“打好包，整理好”。
答案 D【归纳拓展】
get away with 做(坏事)而不受惩罚；偷携某物
潜逃
get away from 摆脱，逃避……
get across 被理解，把……讲清楚
get down to doing sth 开始，着手做某事
get out of 逃避，摆脱……
get over 克服，控制……
get through 用完，耗尽；完成；通过(考试等)
get up 起身，起来【单项填空】
①After that he knew he could ________any emergency(紧急情况) by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
A．get away with B．get on with
C．get through D．get across
解析 “在那之后他知道通过尽自己最大的努力他可以应付任何紧急情况”。get through，此处意为“设法处理，完成”。
答案 C②Mr. Smith is a person who is not easy ________.
A．to get along with B．to get on
C．to get along D．get along with
解析 定语从句中介词with与Mr. Smith构成介宾关系。
答案 A4．join in 加入，参加
They are going to join in the singing match.
他们将参加唱歌比赛。
Will you join me in buying a present for her?
和我一起去给她买个礼物好吗？【比较网站】 join in/join/take part in/attend选词填空(join/join in/take part in/attend)
①He ________the Labor Party when the party won the election.
②A lot of people ________her wedding on Oct 10.
③In early days only men were allowed to ________the Olympic Games.
④Why not ________our conversation to have a discussion?
⑤He laughed loudly, and after a few seconds, many people at the meeting ________.
答案 ①joined ②attended ③take part in ④join in ⑤joined in5．fall in love 相爱，爱上
They fell in love with each other at first sight.
他们一见钟情。
They have been in love with each other for almost five years.
他们彼此相爱将近五年了。
注意：fall in love 表动作，不延续，故不与时间段的状语连用。
be in love 表状态，可延续，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。【句型转换】
①Jack fell in love with Mary two years ago.
→Jack and Mary ________ ________ __________________each other for two years.
②The old couple have been in love with each other for almost 50 years.
→The old couple ________ ________ ________________since their first meeting 50 years ago.
答案 ①have been in love with ②have been in love1．She was very hot with so many clothes on.她因穿了太多衣服而(感到)很热。
句中with so many clothes on是with复合结构，作状语。
with复合结构归纳如下：
①构成：with＋宾语＋宾补。
②位置：常在句首、句末，有时也在句中。
③功能：作状语、定语。④能作宾语补足语的词性：形容词、副词(短语)、介词短语、分词、不定式等。
He likes to sleep with the window open.(作状语；形容词作宾补)
With her son away from home, she was worried.(作状语；副词短语作宾补)
She came in with a baby in her arms.(作状语；介词短语作宾补)
With a local guide leading the way,we got there easily.(作状语，现在分词作宾补)With the problem settled we went on smoothly.(作状语；过去分词作宾补)
With her husband to help her,she worked it out.(作状语；不定式短语作宾补)
The girl with a bag on her back went happily to school.(作定语；介词短语作宾补)【单项填空】
With all the magazines I needed ________， I left the bookstore.
A．buying B．to buy
C．bought D．to be bought
解析 with复合结构中，过去分词充当宾补，表被动。
答案 C2．I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.现在我和同学间有些麻烦。
have (no)trouble with sth/in doing sth做……无/有困难，此结构中的trouble可用difficulty替换。
We have no trouble in finishing the work because our teacher helped us.
因为老师的帮助，我们毫无困难地完成了任务。
I had some trouble with my English.
我学英语有点困难。【单项填空】
You don't know the trouble we had ________back home in the snowstorm.
A．walking B．to walk
C．walked D．being walk
解析 考查have trouble (in) doing sth结构。
答案 A3．Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them.尽管我努力与同学们交流，但我仍然发现很难和他们交朋友。
(1)该句为复合句，although引导让步状语从句。
(2)句中使用了“find＋it(形式宾语)＋名词/形容词(宾补)＋真正宾语(不定式/从句)”结构。
They found it necessary to settle the problem at once.
他们发现马上解决这个问题很有必要。
He found it important to study the situation in Russia.
他发现研究俄国的形势是重要的。【归纳拓展】
(1)能用it作形式宾语的动词有：consider, feel, find, guess, imagine, make, think等。
(2)在作形式主语/宾语时不能使用其他代词，如：this, that等。【单项填空】
________ life in a new country can be difficult, I think ________fun and challenging to work here.
A．If; it B．Although; it
C．Once; this D．Because; that
解析 although引导让步状语从句，it作think的形式宾语，fun and challenging作宾补，to work here为真正的宾语。
答案 B4．Why not have a try？为什么不试一试？
Why not do...是Why don't you do...的省略，用来提建议。
Why not stay for a cup of tea?
为何不留下喝杯茶呢？【单项填空】
①—I'm so tired, working all morning on the farm.
—Why not take a rest then?
—________.
A．Because I can't afford it
B．Maybe I should
C．I don't know
D．Sorry, I can't tell you
解析 由语境知，应由B来对应对方的建议。
答案 B②—Will you join us in the game?
—Thank you, ________
A．but why not
B．but I'd rather not
C．and I won't
D．and I'll join
解析 由上下文可判断这里是对别人邀请的回答。but I'd rather not是一种委婉拒绝。
答案 B课件44张PPT。Period 3 Grammar & Writing
Ⅰ.定义
直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。
直接引语如果改为间接引语，须在语序、人称、时态、状语、个别指示代词和动词等方面做相应的变化。Ⅱ.几个方面的变化
1．句型变化
(1)请观察下列句子：
She said，“I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.”(课文原句)→She said(that)she didn't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people did.
He said，“I saw her last night.”→He said that he had seen her the night before.归纳总结：如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，应将直接引语改为用that引导的宾语从句，而且在不引起歧义时that可以省略。此时语序不变。
(2)请观察下列句子：
He said，“Are you ready？”→He asked(us)if we were ready.
Mr. Green said to Jane，“Have you finished your homework？”→Mr. Green asked Jane whether she had finished her homework.归纳总结：如果直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，须用连接词whether或if引导，使其成为宾语从句。如果主句中的谓语动词为said，则将其改为asked。如果谓语动词后没有间接宾语，也可以加上一个间接宾语me，him，her，us或them等。(3)请观察下列句子：
She said to Tom，“How are you feeling now？”→She asked Tom how he was feeling then.
“What will you do on Saturday morning？”my teacher asked me.→My teacher asked me what I would do on Saturday morning.
归纳总结：如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，仍用特殊疑问句中的疑问词作为连接词引出间接引语中的宾语从句，但须将疑问语序改为陈述语序。2．时态的变化
若主句谓语动词为现在时态，则从句的时态不需变化，若主句谓语动词为过去时态，则间接引语从句的时态变为相应的过去某种时态，一般为向前推一个时态。观察上面的例句不难发现如下规律：
一般现在时→一般过去时
一般过去时→过去完成时
一般将来时→过去将来时
现在进行时→过去进行时
现在完成时→过去完成时
过去完成时→过去完成时
但是直接引语属于下面的情况，变为间接引语时时态不作改变。(1)主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态，从句的时态无需变化。
a．He says，“I'm tired.”→He says that he is tired.
b．He will say，“Tom was lazy.”→
He will tell you that Tom was lazy.
(2)当直接引语是客观真理时，不受时间限制，因此不需要变化时态。
Our geography teacher said to us，“The earth goes round the sun.”→
Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.(3)直接引语是一般过去时，并且和具体的过去时间连用，时态不作改变。
She said，“I was born in 1978”．→She said that she was born in 1978.
(4)when，while，since等引导的时间状语从句变为间接引语时，只改变主句的时态，从句的时态不变。
He said，“It is many years since he came to live here.”
→He said that it was many years since he came to live there.(5)直接引语中含有某些情态动词时，间接引语可用原来形式，也可用其他情态动词表示，但要注意保持原来的意义。
He said，“You must be very fond of art.”
→He said that I must be very fond of art.3．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化观察以上的例句可知下列变化：
指示代词：this→that
these→those
时间状语：now→then
today→that day
tonight→that night
yesterday→the day before
last week/month→the week/month before
three days ago→three days before
tomorrow→the next day
next week→the next week地点状语：here→there
方向性动词：come→go
bring→take
注意：以上这些变化，要根据说话的具体时间和具体地点而定，不可机械照搬。如果就在当地转述，here就不必改为there，come也不必改为go；如果是在当天转述，yesterday或tomorrow等的时间状语也不必改变。4．人称代词的变化
(1)“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。
(2)“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。
(3)“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。例： “I'll let you know as soon as I get the tickets，”he told me.
→He told me that he would let me know as soon as he got the tickets.Ⅰ.将直接引语转换为间接引语
1．He says, “I had a good time last night.”
He says ________________.
2．She will say, “I have done my best in the work.”
She will say ________________in the work.
3．“Did you meet each other while you were in high school？” he asked us.
He asked us ________________each other while ________.4．“Stop making so much noise, children，” he said.
________________making so much noise.
5．“The moon moves around the earth，” the astronomer said.
The astronomer ________________.
6．“Where have you been these days？”my mother asked.
My mother asked me ________________.
答案 1.he had a good time the night before 2.she has done her best 3.whether we had met; we were in high school 4.He told the children to stop 5.said the moon moves around the earth 6.where I had been those daysⅡ.单项填空
1．Li Hua asked the teacher ________she could do an experiment in the chemistry lab or not.
A．that B．whether C．when D．where
解析 由句意及or not判断选B。
答案 B2．He asked ________for the computer.
A．did I pay how much
B．I paid how much
C．how much did I pay
D．how much I paid
解析 间接引语用陈述语序，how much应位于间接引语的开头。
答案 D3．He asked me when ________meet Tom the next day.
A．I would B．would I
C．you will D．would you
解析 “他问我第二天是在什么时候见到汤姆的”。由me判断，间接引语的主语用I，直接引语为特殊疑问句变为间接引语要用陈述语序。
答案 A4．The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party ________founded on July 1 st, 1921.
A．was B．had been C．is D．has been
解析 句中有明确的时间状语on July 1st, 1921，故用一般过去时。
答案 A5．As soon as he comes back, I'll tell him when ________and see him.
A．you will come B．will you come
C．you come D．do you come
解析 when引导的从句是tell的直接宾语，应用陈述语序，且从句表示将来的动作，故用A。
答案 A2．确定体裁、时态、人称。本文所写书信应用第一人称来写；书信的主体部分应用过去时，因为涉及李磊过去已做过的事情，但也将自己对他的做法发表看法，应用一般现在时。
第二步：提炼要点
1．有时，为了和朋友玩，你甚至不上课。
①有时 ____________
②为了 ____________
③上课 ____________2．作为你的朋友，我为你担忧。
①作为你的朋友 ____________
②担忧 ____________
3．真正的朋友不会让你去做坏事。
①真正的朋友 ____________
②做坏事 ____________
4．是你该想一想这个问题的时候了。
①是……的时候了 ____________
②想一想这个问题 ____________答案 1.①sometimes/at times/now and then ②in order to/so as to ③have/attend classes 2.①being/as one of your best friends ②be worried about/be anxious about/be concerned for 3.①true friends ②do something wrong 4.①It's time for sb to do sth/It's time that you did/should do sth ②think about the problem第三步：扩点成句
1．I'm writing to you because I think I have something really serious to communicate with you.
2．Sometimes, you even didn't have classes in order to play with your friends.
3．Being one of your best friends, I'm very worried about you.
4．It's time for you to think about the problem I talked about above.第四步：连句成篇
【参考范文】
Dear Li Lei，
I am writing to you because I think I have something really serious to communicate with you. I noticed that recently you often went to the Internet Bar and the Game Center together with several friends. Sometimes, you even didn't have classes in order to play with your friends. Being one of your best friends,_I'm very worried about you. Friends play an important part in one's life. We have to choose our friends carefully. True friends will never ask us to do something wrong. I don't think the friends around you are your true friends.It's time for you to think about the problem I talked about above. And I do hope you will make a wise decision soon.
Yours，
Wang Wei【写作模板】
Topic
Date
Dear________，
I'm so glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on ________.
Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to ________，as you'll ________.Then, it also helps ________.
Furthermore, it should be a good idea to ________， because ________. You can also ________.I'm quite sure that ________.
Please ________next time.
Best wishes，
Sincerely yours，
Signature 一、常见同音异形(义)词(1)二、名师导学
艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线对英语学习的启示
下图是德国心理学家(Hermann Ebbinghaus)于1885年根据他的实验结果绘成的描述遗忘进程的曲线，即著名的艾宾浩斯记忆遗忘曲线(The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve)。课件97张PPT。 Unit 1 Friendship
?Good friends listen to each other.
?Good friends don't put each other down or hurt each other's feelings.
?Good friends try to understand each other's feelings and moods.
?Good friends help each other solve problems.
?Good friends give each other compliments.
?Good friends can disagree without hurting each other.
?Good friends are dependable.?Good friends respect each other.
?Good friends are trustworthy.
?Good friends give each other room to change.
?Good friends care about each other.Tasks：
1．佳句仿写
①play a part in
我向参与拯救这家医院的每一个人表示感谢。
My thanks to everyone who _____________________.
②On the other hand
一方面他干活很慢，但另一方面他的活干得非常仔细。
On the one hand, he works very slowly, but ______________.
③Here are...
这是那些票。__________________________________2．句子翻译(将黑体句子译成汉语)
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
答案 1.①has played a part in saving the hospital
②on the other hand, he does nice careful work
③Here are the tickets.
2．我们得和那些性格好、心地好的人交朋友。Period 1 Warming Up，Pre-reading & Reading
6．German adj.______ ______ ______
n．____________
7．Outdoors adv.________ ________
8．thunder/'θ?nd?/ vi.________ ________
n．________ ________
9．power/'pau?/ n．______ ______ ______
10．dusty/'d?stI/ adj.________
答案 1.upset 2.ignore 3.calm 4.concern 5.loose 6.德国的，德国人的，德语的；德国人，德语 7.在户外；在野外8.
打雷，雷鸣；雷，雷声 9.能力，力量，权力 10.积满灰尘的Ⅱ.短语天地
1．____________合计
2．____________(使)平静下来，(使)镇定下来
3．____________关心，挂念
4．____________经历，经受
5．____________记下，放下，登记
6．____________一连串的，一系列的，一套的
7．on purpose____________8．have got to ____________
9．in order to____________
10．at dusk____________
11．face to face____________
12．no longer/not...any longer____________
答案 1.add up 2.calm down 3.be concerned about 4.go through 5.set down 6.a series of 7.故意 8.不得不，必须9.为了 10.在黄昏时刻 11.面对面地 12.不再Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
在你遛狗时，不小心松了手，结果狗被车撞了。
[信息提取] while后省略了主语you和be动词are。 while和when引导时间状语从句，若从句与主句主语一致，可省去从句主语和be动词。
[例句仿写] 他做作业时睡着了。
He fell asleep ________ ________ ________ ________.2．I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道是否因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
[信息提取] It is/was ...that...强调句型。
[例句仿写] 玛丽不知道是否是因为那位年轻人离去的缘故，她变得心烦意乱。
Mary wondered if________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________that she became so upset.3．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face....
……那是我一年半以来第一次直接目睹黑夜。
[信息提取] It (This) is/was the first/second/third...time that sb have/had done sth
该句型表示“某人第一/二/三……次做某事。”
[例句仿写] 这是杰克本周第三次迟到。
This is ________ ________ ________ (that) Jack ________________ ________ this week.
答案 1.while doing his homework 2.it's because the young man had left 3.the third time; has been lateⅣ.预读理解
1．Fast Reading：Scan the text and choose the best answers according to the text.
①According to the diary, we can know Anne ________.
A．felt the same about nature before and after she hid away
B．didn't experience nature for about a year and a half
C．couldn't look at nature through windows
D．wasn't interested in nature at all②How did Anne feel after she looked at nature on 15th June, 1944?
A．She was very crazy.
B．She was very calm.
C．She was very disappointed.
D．She was very ill.
③From the letter to Kitty, we can see that ________.
A．Anne loved Kitty very much
B．Anne was in great need of freedom
C．Anne loved to live indoors very much
D．Anne hated the dark and rainy evening④Anne Frank and her family hid away for ________.
A．over a year B．over two years
C．three years D．one year and a half
⑤According to Anne, a true friend is a person ________.
A．that would laugh at you
B．who makes you happy
C．whom you can trust
D．who could save your life
答案 ①B ②C ③B ④B ⑤C2．Careful Reading：Read the text aloud and find out the right answers to the following questions.
①What did Anne Frank make her best friend? And why?
______________________________________________________
②What was Anne's diary's name?
______________________________________________________
③Why did Anne stay awake until half past eleven one evening?
______________________________________________________
④Why is it no pleasure looking at nature through dirty curtains?
______________________________________________________答案 ①Anne Frank made her diary her best friend. Because she wanted a friend whom she could tell everything to.
②She called her diary Kitty.
③In order to have a good look at the moon by herself.
④Because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.(2)vt. 使不安，使心烦
Losing the necklace borrowed from her friend upset her completely.
她把从朋友那儿借来的项链弄丢了，这使她心烦意乱。
(3)vt. 打乱，搅乱
Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.
她一来把我们周末的安排打乱了。
(4)vi.翻倒；倾覆
The boat will upset if a storm breaks.
如果遇到暴风雨，这条船会翻掉。【一目了然】
Several flies upset the old woman. She was so upset that she upset the glass of milk.
几只苍蝇使老太太心情烦躁。她如此心烦意乱以至于打翻了一杯牛奶。【比较网站】 upset/nervous/anxious用upset，nervous，anxious填空
①I'm always ________when I have to answer the teacher's questions.
②He felt ________ at his ________cup.
③The girl became ________ as she couldn't see her mother in the crowds.
答案 ①nervous ②upset; upsetting ③anxious2．ignore vt.不理睬，忽视(指故意不理睬，假装没看见)
Ignoring the strong objection(反对，抵制)from other countries, Iran government will go on with its nuclear program.
无视别国的强烈反对，伊朗政府仍将继续它的核项目。
Alice saw her boyfriend coming, but ignored him.
艾丽斯看见男友过来了，但没有理睬他。【归纳拓展】
(1)ignore sb/sth 不理睬某人/某事
(2)ignorance n. 无知，愚昧，不知道
be in ignorance of/about sth 不知道某事
out of ignorance 由于不知道
(3)ignorant adj. 无知的， 愚昧的，不知道的
be ignorant that... 不知道某事
be ignorant about/of sth 不知道某事【一目了然】
He ignored the doctor's advice, so he is in ignorance of his serious illness now; that's to say, he is ignorant that he is in danger now.
他不听医生的忠告，所以他目前不知自己严重的病情，也就是说，他不知道自己处于危险中。汉译英
①他故意不理那个淘气的孩子，任由他躺在地上。
______________________________________________________
②有些司机就是对限速规定视而不见。
______________________________________________________
答案 ①He ignored the naughty boy and left him lying on the ground.
②Some drivers simply ignore speed limits.3．calm vt.，vi.& adj.(calmed, calmed, calming, calms)
(1)vt.使平静，使镇静
He took a deep breath to calm himself down.
他深吸了一口气以使自己平静下来。
(2)vi.平静下来，镇静下来
The excited football fans calmed down at last.
激动的足球迷们最终平静了下来。(3)adj.(天气、海洋等)平静的；(人)镇静的，沉着的；(时代)和平安宁的
The sea was calm after the storm.
风暴过后，大海平静了下来。
He was calm when I told him the bad news.
当我告诉他这个坏消息时，他很平静。
【归纳拓展】
calm down 平静下来
calm sb down 使某人平静下来【比较网站】 calm/quiet/silent/still【一目了然】
keep calm 保持镇定(别慌)
keep quiet 保持安静(别吵)
keep silent 保持沉默(别说话)
keep still 保持静止(别动)用calm, quiet, silent, still完成下列短文。
Everything was ①except that the heavy rain struck the world. Then the mudslide(泥石流)happened, but the frightened mountain climbers stood there②，not knowing what to do. The guide remained ③ in the face of danger, and led all the people to go to the safe place. Later he kept ④ over his brave behavior.
答案 ①quiet ②still ③calm ④silent【归纳拓展】
(1)be concerned about/for 关心，担忧，挂念
When the war in Libya broke out, we were all concerned about my son's safety, who was working there then.
利比亚战争爆发时，我们都很担心儿子的安全，他当时正在那里工作。
(2)be concerned with sth牵涉到，与……有关
The book is mainly concerned with the football corruption.
这本书主要讲的是足球界的腐败。(3)as/so far as...be concerned 关于，至于，就……而言
As far as I am concerned, I am strongly against it.
就我而言，我强烈反对这种观点。
(4) concerning prep.关于＝about
concerned adj.有关的；担心的。当它作前置定语时，意为“忧虑的，担忧的，担心的”；而作后置定语时，意为“有关的，涉及的”。
concerned look 担忧的表情
the authorities concerned 有关当局汉译英
①忧虑的家长们就孩子们的精神健康问题开了一次会议。(精神健康the mental health)
______________________________________________________
②校长让有关的老师留下来。
______________________________________________________
③就他而言，他只关心与自己有关的事。
______________________________________________________ 答案 ①The concerned parents held a meeting about the children's mental health.
②The headmaster asked the teachers concerned to stay.
③As far as he is concerned, he is only concerned about what concerns himself. 或As far as he is concerned, he is only concerned about things that are concerned with himself.5．power n．能力，力量，权力
What is the power of this engine?
这台发动机的功率是多少？
He has done everything in his power to help her.
他已竭尽全力帮助她。
The storm held the little boat entirely in its power.
小船任凭暴风雨的摆布。【归纳拓展】
have sb/sth in one‘s power任意支配某人/某物
be in power 执政，掌权
come to power＝take power 上台，执政
under one‘s own power 凭借自身的力量
have the power to do sth 具有做……的能力
beyond/out of one's power 力所不能及的 【比较网站】 power/energy/strength/force用power, energy, strength, force填空
①The young man worked with great ________ and soon got promoted.
②The PLA man did all in his ________to save the girl from drowning.
③I don't have the ________ to lift the huge stone.
④What's the ________ of gravity at sea level?
答案 ①energy ②power ③strength ④force1．add up合计，加起来(代词置于up前)
Add up your score and see how many points you get.
合计你的得分。
If we add them up, we'll get a total of 100.
若把他们加起来，会得到总数100。【归纳拓展】
add vt. & vi.(added, added, adding)添加，相加，补充说
add up to合起来达到(后面接合计起来的结果)
add...to...将……添加到……中
add to添加，增添(其宾语多为困难，欢乐等抽象名词)；扩建The flying time of Chang'e-Ⅱ from the earth to the moon added up to 112 hours.
嫦娥二号的地月飞行时间合计为112小时。
The heavy rain added to the difficulty in rescuing the people caught in the train accident.
大雨增加了营救在火车事故中被困的群众的困难。
The fire is going out; will you add some wood to (the fire)？火快熄了，请你加些木柴好吗？【一目了然】用add及其短语的适当形式填空
①________ some color ________ the picture and it will ________its beauty.
②He ________ all the money he owed the boss. The number ________exactly 1,000.
③The house needs ________.
答案 ①Add; to; add to ②added up; added up to ③adding to/to be added to2．go through
(1)经历，经受(困难，痛苦)
These countries have gone through too many wars and their people also went through a lot in these wars.
这些国家已饱经战火，而它们的人民也在战争中经历了很多磨难。
The experiment went through two stages.
这个实验经历了两个阶段。【归纳拓展】
go against 违背；对……不利，与……相反
go ahead 做，开始；进行
go by 过去；依据……行事，遵循……
go in for 参加(考试、竞赛)；喜欢，爱好；从事……
go out 出去；熄灭；公开，被公布；不再流行
go over 走近；检查；温习
get through 通过；用完；接通(电话)；被理解；完成某事
break through 突破
look through 快速浏览，查看
run through 花光；浏览用适当的介副词填空
①She is going ________the national entrance examination this year.
②—Could I use your pen?
—Go ________，please.
③The electricity must go ________when we were watching an interesting basketball game on TV.
④Every evening she has to go ________what she has learned at school.
⑤It goes ________nature to kill all the wolves.
⑥This year we have gone ________too many natural disasters.
答案 ①in for ②ahead ③out ④over ⑤against ⑥through【单项填空】
⑦All present were shocked by what the little girl ________ when she was cheated and sold to the mountain village.
A．got through B．went through
C．got on with D．went across
解析 本题考查动词短语辨析。get through穿过，通过；做完；get on with(对中断的事情或想做的事情)开始(继续)做；go across走过，经过。句意为“所有在场的人都对小女孩被拐卖到山区时所经历的事情感到震惊”。
答案 B3．set down 记下，放下，登记(同义短语：get down, write down, take down)
You don't have to set down all the teacher said in the class.
你不必把老师课堂上讲的都记下来。
They set the piano down carefully on the floor.
他们把钢琴小心地放到地上。【归纳拓展】
set about doing sth 着手(做)某事
set...aside 搁置；把……放在一旁
set forward 提出；促进
set off 动身；出发；引爆
set out 出发；着手做
set up 竖起；开设用set的短语完成句子
①He can quickly ________the story as it is told to him.
②Gathering up the thread of his article, he________ writing.
③You'd better try to ________a few minutes each day to do some exercises.
④Some young men were ________a tent and the others ________to make a fire.
答案 ①set down ②set about ③set aside ④setting up; set out4．a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套
Although there is a series of traffic signs on the road, a series of traffic accidents has happened.
尽管这段路上有一连串的交通标志，还是发生了一连串的交通事故。
At the end of every term, the students have to take part in a series of exams.
每到期末，学生都不得不参加一系列的考试。
Two series of books have been published in order to honour him.
为了纪念他，出版了两套书。【归纳拓展】
a series of accidents 一连串的事故
a series of stamps 一套邮票
the World Series 世界联赛
a TV/radio series 电视/广播系列节目【温馨提示】
(1)series 单复数同形。如：a series, two series
(2)一些以复数形式出现的单复数同形的名词作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式要根据句子的具体含义来确定。常见的这类以复数形式出现的单复数同形的词还有：means方法，手段；species种类；works工厂。
(3)“A series of＋复数名词”作主语时，应遵循语法一致的原则，即应使用单数谓语。此外，a pair of, a kind/sort/type of, a set of等后跟复数名词作主语时，也使用单数谓语。【完成句子】
①给学生们发了三套试题。
________ ________ ________ ________________ handed out to the students.
②发射前，嫦娥二号卫星接受了一系列的测验。
Before launched, Chang'e Ⅱ received ________ ________ ________ ________.
③这些系列丛书对孩子有益。
These series of books ________ ________ ________children.
答案 ①Three series of papers were ②a series of tests ③are good for5．on purpose 故意地，有意地，特地
Did you do it on purpose or by accident?
你是故意做这件事还是不小心做的？
I came here on purpose to see you.
我特地来这里看你。【归纳拓展】
by design 故意地
by accident 偶然地
by chance 偶然地，意外地
for the purpose of 为了……的目的
with the purpose of 以……为目的
What's the purpose of (doing)sth?
(做)某事的目的是什么？用适当的介词填空
①—Did he do it accidentally?
—No, ________purpose.
②________ the purpose of studying English well, they get up early to read English every morning.
③It didn't happen ________ chance; all that happened ________design.
答案 ①on ②For ③by; by6．too much 太多的
But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但因为月亮太亮了，我不敢开窗。
He drank too much wine in the party yesterday.
昨天在聚会上他酒喝得太多。
注意：此处too much作形容词性短语，修饰不可数名词，而too/so many修饰可数名词。【归纳拓展】
(1)too much作副词性短语时，修饰不及物动词，在句中作状语。
She talks too much.她话太多。
(2)作名词性短语时，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
Too much has been said on this subject.
对于这个话题说得够多了。
You have offered me too much.你给我的太多了。
The work is too much for the boy.
对于这个男孩来说，这活儿太难做了。【比较网站】 too much与much too
much too“实在太……”，常用来修饰形容词和副词，其中too是副词，much在too前用来加强语气。而too much可用来修饰名词，或本身用作代词。【单项填空】
Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ________to carry all the way home.
A．much too heavy B．too much heavy
C．heavy too much D．too heavy much
解析 much too修饰heavy，表示“实在太重了”，此处too修饰形容词heavy, much加强语气。
答案 A7．in order to 为了……，目的是……
In order to go to the cinema on time, she hurried through her work.为了准时去看电影，她匆匆做完了工作。
The father bought this expensive present in order to give his son a surprise.
为了给儿子一个惊喜，父亲买下了这件昂贵的礼物。【温馨提示】
in order to作目的状语时，也可直接用不定式表示；其否定形式为in order not to，相同的表达方式为so as to，但so as to不用于句首。用in order to, so as to, in order that或so that进行句型转换
①We started early so that we could catch the early bus.
＝We started early ________ ________we could catch the early bus.
＝We started early ________ ________ ________catch the early bus.
＝________ ________ ________catch the early bus, we started early.
答案 so that/in order that；in order to/so as to；In order to【单项填空】
②________awaken the sleeping son, the mother walked into the room quietly.
A．In order to not B．In order not to
C．So not as to D．So as not to
解析 “为了不惊醒睡着的儿子，母亲悄悄地走进房间”。D项不用于句首。
答案 B8．face to face面对面地(在句中作状语，常与with搭配)
The two men stood face to face, saying nothing.
这两位男士面对面站着，一言不发。
They were face to face with death during the earthquake.
他们在地震中直接面对死亡。【归纳拓展】
arm in arm 臂挽臂
side by side＝shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩
hand in hand 手拉手
heart to heart 坦诚地
back to back 背对背
step by step 逐步地
one by one 一个一个地汉译英
①贼转过墙角，面对面碰上一位警察。
______________________________________________________
②他们常在网上聊天，但从未谋面。
______________________________________________________
答案 ①The thief turned the corner and met a policeman face to face.
②They often talk to each other on the Internet but they've never met face to face.1．You had to pay to get it repaired.
你不得不花钱让人修理它。
句中使用了“get＋名词/代词＋过去分词(get＋宾语＋宾语补足语)”句型，此处get意为“使，促使”，repaired是过去分词，作宾语it的补足语。
I must get the television fixed.
我必须请人修理一下这台电视机。(过去分词作宾补)I'll get the car going.
我要使车发动起来。(现在分词作宾补)
Get him to see a doctor.
劝他去看看医生。(带to的不定式作宾补)
You must get your shirt clean.
你必须把衬衫洗干净。(形容词作宾补)
I can't get them all in.
我不能把他们都弄进去。(副词作宾补)
Get that cat out of the house!
把那只猫从屋里赶出去！(介词短语作宾补)汉译英
①这么多的工作我怎么也干不完。
______________________________________________________
②他让姐姐帮他做家庭作业。
______________________________________________________
答案 ①I'll never get all this work finished.
②He got his sister to help him with his homework.2．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
遛狗时，你不小心把狗松开了，它被汽车撞了。
该句中，while walking the dog相当于while you were walking the dog。当when, while, unless, as if等引导状语从句时，如果从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，构成省略句句型。He picked up a wallet while (he was) walking home.
在回家的路上，他拾到了一个钱包。
When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help.
遭遇麻烦时，你去向她求助。
Let's have a talk face to face if (it is) necessary.
必要时，让我们面谈一下。【感悟高考】
The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ________regularly, can improve our health.(2010·浙江，8)
A．being carried out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
解析 考查省略句式。句意：实验表明，如果有规律地进行适量的运动，会增进我们的健康。此处if后的完整句子应为：if proper amounts of exercise are carried out regularly，根据省略的原则，把相同的主语和系动词be省去，就剩下carried out regularly。
答案 C【单项填空】
①________green, the door might look more beautiful.
A．You painted B．If painted
C．To paint D．Get it painted
解析 考查省略。If (the door is)painted green...。
答案 B②________，I will give you another chance.
A．If I am possible
B．If it possible
C．If possible
D．Possible
解析 考查省略。If (it is)possible...。
答案 C(2)强调句的句式结构为：
It is＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余部分。被强调部分为人时，可用who代替that。【感悟高考】
John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work ________has made him what he is today.(2010·湖南，25)
A．why B．when C．which D．that
解析 强调句式，连接词为that，强调years of hard work。
答案 D按要求完成句子
The teacher told us an interesting story in class yesterday.
①It was ________________ ________told us an interesting story in class yesterday.(强调主语the teacher)
②It was ________ that the teacher ________________ ________ ________in class yesterday.(强调间接宾语us)
③It was ________ ________ ________that ________ ________ ________ ________in class yesterday.(强调直接宾语an interesting story)④It was ________ ________that the teacher told us an interesting story yesterday.(强调地点状语)
⑤It was ________that the teacher told us an interesting story in class.(强调时间状语)
答案 ①the teacher that/who ②us；told an interesting story ③an interesting story; the teacher told us ④in class ⑤yesterday4．The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power，it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night facc to face...漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，电闪雷鸣，我全然被这种力量镇住了，这是我一年半来第一次目睹夜晚……
It/This is/was the first/second...time that...这是某人第一/二……次……
It is the first time I have been to London.
这是我第一次到伦敦。
It was the first time that I had seen such a wonderful thing.
这是我第一次看见这么好的东西。【归纳拓展】
It is the first time that...后面的句子用现在完成时。
It was the first time that...后面的句子用过去完成时。
另外，the first后可直接加不定式，构成the first/last to do，表示第一个/最后一个做某事。【比较网站】 the first time/for the first time
the first time “第一次”，用作连词，后接时间状语从句。
for the first time “第一次”，用作介词短语，单独用，不接从句。
This is the first time that I've felt really relaxed for months.
几个月来这是我第一次真的感到放松了。
It was the second time that he had joined in the discussion about how to deal with the problem.
这是他第二次参与怎样解决这个问题的讨论。【单项填空】
—It is the second time that I ________in Hainan. What great changes have taken place in Hainan!
—It is ten years since I ________it last time.
A．have been；left B．had been；left
C．have gone；had left D．went；had left
解析 本题考查了两个句型。一是It is the second time that...句型，that从句用现在完成时；二是It is some time since...句型，since从句用一般过去时。
答案 A5．Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个黄昏，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。
happen vi.①发生 sth happen to sb某事发生在某人身上
②碰巧 sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事
It (so) happened that...碰巧……
I happened to be out when he called.
他来电话时我碰巧出去了。
＝It so happened that I was out when he called.
When visiting Japan this year, he happened to take some pictures about the tsunami.
在访问日本时，他碰巧拍下了一些关于海啸的照片。【归纳拓展】
happen to 碰巧(不用于进行时)，常用于以下结构
sb happen to do sth 碰巧做某事，偶然做某事
happen to have done 碰巧做过某事
happen to be doing 碰巧正做某事
It (so) happened that... 碰巧
There happens to be... 碰巧有……汉译英
①昨晚我独自在街上漫步时正好碰见了她。
______________________________________________________
②碰巧那失火的房子中没有人。
______________________________________________________
③她碰巧听说过这个消息。
___________________________________________________
④我下公共汽车时，碰巧在下雨。
__________________________________________________答案 ①I happened to meet her in the street last evening when I was walking alone.
②There happened to be nobody in the house on fire.
③She happened to have heard the news.
④It happened to be raining when I got off the bus.
