2023届中考英语语法专项复习之：现在完成时课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
现在完成时
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时的构成:
Have / has +动词过去分词
1. I _____________ (call)my aunt three times
today but nobody answered.
2. Internet ______________ (bring) us much
more information about outside world.
3. The Titanic is a very interesting film. I
__________ (see) it twice already.
4. Tom __________(make)a lot of friends in
China.
have called
has brought
have seen
has made
1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.
already, ever, yet, just, before, recently, these days, up to now, in the last few years等.
补全句子
1.They ___________________ (完成)the project.
2. The meeting _______________.(还没有开始)
3. He ____________ (刚回来) back from America.
现在完成时的用法(2个)
have already finished
hasn’t begun yet
经常与下列词语连用
has just come
2. 表示过去发生的动作持续到了现在, 可能继续发展下去,常与for或since引导的时间状语连用.
Mr. Green _________(live) in Guangzhou for 30 years.
Maria __________ (learn)English in this school since 5 years ago
has lived
has learned
中考对现在完成时的考查点
1. 非延续性动词与一段时间连用时的表达方式
1. A: Oh, Mrs. King, your dress looks nice. Is it new
B: No, I _____ it since two years ago.
A. had B. have had C. bought D. have bought.
2. Jeff borrowed a history book from his friend. He _______ it for a week.
A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has kept D. lend
总结:非延续性动词在完成时的肯定句中不可与含for, since, how long等引导的时间状语连用, 要用别的词替换.
come/arrive →
buy →
borrow →
die →
leave →
begin/start →
join →
be
keep
be dead
be away from
be on
be in/be a member
have
1.Mr. Black left China in 1990.
Mr. Black ______________________China since 1990.
2.The hero died five years ago.
The hero __________________ for five years.
3.The meeting began two minutes ago.
The meeting _________________ for two minutes.
4.We borrowed two books last week.
We _______________ the two books for a week.
5. Sally joined the League two years ago.
Sally _______________ the League for two years.
句型转换: (改为意思相同的句子)
has been away from
has been dead
has been on
have kept
has been in
2. have/has been to, have/has gone to与has been in的区别
1. A: Where is David
B: He ______ to England on business.
A. is going B. has gone C. has been D. goes
2. A: ____ you ever _____ to the United States
B: Yes, twice.
A. Have; gone B. Have; been
C. Do; go D. Were; going
3. David has ______ China for 5 years.
A. been to B. come to C. arrived D. been in
总结:have/has been to表示“到(去)过某地”,人已经回来. have/has gone to 表示“到某地去了”,人正在某地或在去某地的途中have/has been in 表示 “在某地呆多久”, 常和表示一段时间的状语连用.
My cousin _______ Hong Kong twice.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in
2. A: Where is Mary Someone is looking for her
B: She _______ to the library.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in
3. Miss Green went to France last year. She ____ Paris for almost one year.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has lived in
B
A
C
3. for 与since接时间状语时的区别
1. A: What a nice dog! How long have you had it B: _______ two years.
A. For B. Since C. In D. From
2. Miss Gao has taught in this school ________ 1996.
A. for B. at C. in D. since
For后接时间段, since后接时间点或从句.
如: for two years; for six hours; for three days; for five minutes; since three days ago; since 1997; since three days ago; since I came to Beijing 等.
总结:
1. George ______ French for ten years.
A. had learned B. has learned
C. will be learning D. learns
2. Jack has studied Chinese in the school
___ the year 2002.
A. in B. since C. on D. by
B
B
3. It _____ 2 years since the Tsunami happened
in Southeast Asia.
A. was B. would be C. has been D. will be
4. My uncle went to Australia last year. We
haven’t seen him _______. (05年广州市中考题)
A. since almost a year
B. form almost a year on
C. after almost a year
D. since almost a year ago
C
D
4. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
如yesterday, the day before yesterday, last year, just now, then, last week, last month, an hour ago, two days ago,in 1994等.
过去完成时经常与哪些时间状语连用
总结:
现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 而一般过去时表示单纯的过去的事实或状态.另外, 两种时态的时间状语不一样, 一般过去时常与具体的过去时间连用, 现在完成时不能.
1. I’m sorry you’ve missed the train. It ______ ten minutes ago.
A. has left B. left
C. had left D. has been left
2. A: _____ you ever ______ to Singapore
B: Yes, I went there last year.
A. Have; been B. Have; gone
C. Did; go D. Are; going
B
A
3. A: I have completed my school work.
B: When ___ you ____ it
A. have; finished B. do; finish
C. did; finish D. will; finish
C
4 . A: John has already gone to England.
B: When ____ he _____ there
A. will; go B. is; going
C. did; go D. has; gone
5. A: Have you read this book
B: Yes, I _____ it two weeks ago.
A. am reading B. have read
C. will read D. read
C
D
5. 现在完成时与过去完成时的区别
I ____________(learn) 1000 English words so far.
I ___________ (learn)1000 English words by the end of last term.
总结:现在完成时表示的动作虽然发生在过去, 但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响; 过去完成时是一个相对的时态, 它表示的动作不仅发生在过去, 更强调 “过去的过去”, 只有和过去的某时或某动作比较时, 才用到它.
have learned
had learned
过去完成时的结构
had +动词过去分词
经常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:
by+过去的时间点, by nine o’clock.
2. by the end of +过去的时间点, by the end of last term
3. Before+过去的时间点, before last Saturday
总结:
She _________ (see) the film twice.
2. By the end of last year, he _____________ (work) in the factory for 20 years.
3. When I got to the station, the train __________ (leave).
4. We ____________ (plant) 600 trees before April.
5. Professor Brown _____________ (teach) in the university since two years ago.
has seen
had worked
had left
had planted
has taught
Speaking and writing：
根据中文提示，用80-100词描述广州20多年来的变化。可适当发挥，但不能逐字翻译。
1. 省会广州位于中国南部。
2.很多年前广州是一个小镇，现在是一个国际化大都市。
3.近20年来广州发生了很大的变化，马路两旁建起了高楼大厦，街道宽了，桥梁多了。
4.人们的生活水平比以前好了很多。广州的明天会更好。
Guangzhou , the capital of Guangdong province, lies in the south of China. It’s also called Canton by foreigners. It used to be a small town many years ago, but now it’s an international city. In the past twenty years, there have been great changes in Guangzhou. They have built many modern buildings on either side of the streets. The roads have been made wider and many high bridges have been built. People’s life is much better than before. The city is becoming more and more beautiful.