2023届中考英语语法专项复习之：一般过去时过去进行时课件(共59张PPT)

(共59张PPT)
8.4 一般过去时和过去进行时
Sentences:
I am an English teacher now.
I was a student in 2010.
一般过去时
The Simple Past Tense
一般过去时的用法
1.过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用;
eg.
1).I got up at 7:00 yesterday.
2).My father was at work yesterday afternoon.
表示过去的时间状语
yesterday last night
in 1990 two days ago
1.与ago 连用：
a moment
two minutes
three hours
five days
one week
six months
four years
ago
用于一般过去时的时间状语
last
time
night
week
month
term
Monday
yesterday
morning
afternoon
evening
the day before yesterday前天
2.与last 连用
3.与yesterday 连用：
just now
in the old days
in those days
in 1980
the other day
at that time
once upon a time
6.其他时间状语：
一般过去时的用法
2、表示在过去的一段时间内经常发生的动作或反复的习惯。常和often, always等频率副词连用。
eg.
My father was always very busy on Monday.
3.表示已故人所做的事情。
Comrade Lei Feng did good deeds in his life. 雷锋同志做了一生的好事。
4. 表示过去所发生的一系列的动作。
Miss Liu got up at seven o’clock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work.
一般过去时的构成
I played tennis last weekend.
My school trip was great.
⑴ 肯定句
“主语＋动词过去式＋其他”
“主语＋was／were＋其他”。
*
一般过去时的构成
⑴ 肯定句
“主语＋动词过去式＋其他”
I played tennis last weekend.
1、一般词尾加-ed。
stay→stayed help -- helped
ask -- asked look→looked
2、e结尾的只加-d。
hope→hoped love -- loved
dance -- danced live→lived
规则动词过去式的构成
3、 辅音字母结尾词，重读闭音节先双写，然后才能加-ed。
stop→stopped plan(计划) →planned
drop -- dropped beg -- begged
4、“辅音字母+y”尾，y改为i, 再加 -ed
carry -- carried study -- studied
巧记不规则动词过去式 1.中间去e，末尾加t 如：
keep→kept， feel→felt，
sleep→slept，sweep→swept 　2.结尾d变t 如：
build→built，lend→lent，
send→sent，spend→spent 　3.遇见i改为a 如：
ring→rang，sit→sat， drink→drank，
sing→sang，swim→swam，begin→began，
give→gave
4.“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”——把i变o如：ride→rode，drive→drove，write→wrote 5.“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”——ought换上 think→thought，buy→bought，
bring→brought，fight→fought 6.“教书”“抓住”——aught切莫忘 如： teach→taught，catch→caught 7.ow/aw改为ew是新时尚 如： know→knew，grow→grew，
throw→threw，draw→drew 8.“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一样 如： put→put，let→let，read→read/red
grow -- grew
know -- knew
throw -- threw
blow -- blew
write -- wrote
drive -- drove
ride -- rode
get -- got
forget -- forgot
lend -- lent
send -- sent
spend -- spent
say -- said */sed/
pay -- paid
stand -- stood
understand -- understood
let -- let put -- put
cut -- cut read -- read*
am, is -- was
are -- were
do -- did
go -- went
have -- had
see -- saw
can -- could
may -- might
dig -- dug
eat -- ate
find -- found
make -- made
hear -- heard
run -- ran
take -- took
hold -- held
speak -- spoke
leave -- left
keep -- kept
sleep -- slept
sweep -- swept
tell -- told
sell -- sold
begin -- began
sing -- sang
sit -- sat
swim -- swam
ring -- rang
give -- gave
bring -- brought
buy -- bought
think -- thought
teach -- taught
catch -- caught
come -- came
become -- became
不规则动词的过去式
一般过去时句式变换
1.肯定句：主语 + 行为动词过去式
be动词过去式(was / were)
e.g. We played football yesterday.
I was in the office last night.
He couldn’t swim 10 years ago.
2.否定句 did not / didn’t + 行为动词原形
was not / wasn’t + 其他成分
were not / weren’t + 其他成分
eg. I was not in the office last night.
I didn't sing a song at Kangkang's party.
I didn't play video games.
3. 一般疑问句
did + 主语 +行为动词原形
was / were + 主语 +其他成分
eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday
-Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
-Was she 15 years old last year
4. 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 +did + 主语 +行为动词原形
特殊疑问词 +was / were + 主语 +其他成分
eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday
When and where were you born
*
*
*
III.句型转换
1.They came to China in 1990.(变一般疑问句)
2.I was ill for two days last week (同上)
3. The twins go to school on foot every day. (同上)
4.She washed the clothes last Sunday. ( 变否定句)
Exercises
用括号里动词的适当形式填空。
1. He __________ (read) that book last week.
2. Last night he ___________ (arrive) just in time for the show.
3. Mary ___________ (marry) Thomas yesterday.
4. Tom ___________ (show) us where to sit at the meeting yesterday.
5. Last summer we ___________ (visit) Uncle Jack.
read
arrived
married
showed
visited
用括号里动词的适当形式填空。
6. It ___________ (rain) almost every day last month.
7. John _______ (like) to play piano when he was in secondary school.
8. Betty ___________ (work) hard all last year.
9. We ___________ (change) the color of our uniforms last Christmas.
10. Last year Frances ___________ (buy) her mother a pretty watch for her birthday.
rained
liked
worked
changed
bought
I.改错题
How is Jane yesterday _____________________
He gets to school at six yesterday. ______________
He often goes home at 6:00 last month. __________
I can fly kites seven years ago. _______________
Did you saw him just now. _______________
He wait for you three hours ago. ___________
Who find it just now _____
was
got
went
could
see
waited
found
根据要求改写下列句子。
1. They had a meeting yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
2. Mrs Black does some cleaning every Sunday. (
改为一般疑问句)
3. I’m going to turn on the radio. (改为否定句)
4. There were no classes last Saturday afternoon.
(改为反意疑问句)
Did they have a meeting yesterday
Does Mrs Black do some cleaning
every Sunday
I’m not going to turn on the radio.
There were no classes last Saturday afternoon, were there
根据要求改写下列句子。
5. Those students did their best. (改为否定句)
6. It was November 10th the day before yesterday.
（向划线部分提问）
7. My brother went to Shanghai three days ago.
（向划线部分提问）
8. They are going to visit the Summer Palace.
（向划线部分提问）
Those students didn’t do their best.
What was the date the day
before yesterday
When did your brother go to Shanghai
What are they going to do
The Past Continuous Tense
(过去进行时)
What were you doing at 7 o’clock last night
I was doing some
housework.
I was having dinner.
What were you doing between 7 o’clock and 9 o’clock yesterday
I was doing my
homework.
I was watching TV.
What was your father doing when you
came back home yesterday
He was cooking.
What was your brother doing when
you saw him half an hour ago
He was playing computer
games.
What were they doing at that time last week
They were shopping.
How about them
They were having a picnic.
在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作。过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或某段时间内一直进行的动作。
I was doing some housework at 7 o’clock last night
基本结构:
was / wasn’t were / weren’t
doing
+
Sb+
(现在分词)
过去进行时的标志词:
at 8 o’clock last night,
at this time yesterday，
at that time, when I arrived,
when my mother came in等。
(3) 现在分词的构成
1) 一般动词在词尾加- ing, 读[iη],如go - going。
2) 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing。
come - coming
make-making
write - writing
3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾以一个辅音字母结尾,应先双写这个字母,再加ing, x和w结尾的除外。
如: get - getting
swim - swimming
show - showing
4) 以字母y结尾的单词,直接加ing。
如carrying、playing、studying。
5) 以字母ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing。
die→dying lie→lying
6) 以元音字母加e结尾,或以e结尾,且e发音的动词,直接加- ing 。
see - seeing be - being
(4) 使用进行时态的注意事项
1) 一些动词,如see、hear、love、like、know、remember; understand、have等表示感情、知觉和状态的词,一般不用于进行时态。
过去进行时和 When 连用
A was/were +doing sth When B +did sth.
长时动作
短时动作
What were they drawing when the teacher came in
Mary Jim Li Lei Lily Lucy Sue
-What was Lilei drawing
when the teacher came in
-He was drawing an elephant.
-What were the twins drawing
when the teacher came in
-They were drawing a car.
What was/were sb doing When the alarm went off (响起）
Sandy
Twin brothers
Tom
father
mother
dog
过去进行时和 while 连用
A was/were +doing sth While B + was/were +doing sth
长时动作
长时动作
While
What were they doing yesterday afternoon
He was playing basketball while
she was sleeping.
at 9 p.m. yesterday
A rabbit was ……. While a pig was….
总结：
主句 when 从句
主句 while 从句
1.昨天晚上8点你在干什么？我在打扫房间。
（过进） （过）
（过进） （过进）
What were you doing at 8:00 last night
I was cleaning my room.
was/were+doing 过去进行时
我到家的时候他正在做晚饭.
He ___________ supper when I got home.
昨天上午9:00你们正在踢足球吗
_____ you ______ soccer at 9:00 yesterday morning
他们吃早饭的时候,李明正在电话上聊天.
While they were having breakfast, Li Ming ___________on the phone.
was cooking
Were
playing
was talking
4. The children __________ (play) football at four yesterday afternoon.
5. The baby ___________ (sleep) when the mother came back.
was sleeping
were playing
2. Sentence completing.
1.The pianist ____________________ (在弹钢琴）at this time yesterday.
was playing the piano
2. They ______________________ (在买衣服）when the UFO arrived.
4. What ________ you________ when you _____ the alarm (当听到警报的时候, 你在干什么 )
were buying clothes
were
doing
heard
The boy was walking down the street_____ a UFO landed.
The girl was shopping_____ she saw the alien get out.
_____ the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.
_____ the alien was visiting the museum, the boy called the TV station.
when
when
While
While
Complete with “when” and “while”
Exercises
Choose “when” or “while” to fill in the blanks.
1．_____ Tom was eating supper, it began to rain outside.
2．Don’t use your cell phone_____ you are driving a car.
3．What were you doing _____Mr. Zhou came in
4．Jim is good at math_____ Mary is good at English.
5．We were watching TV_____ the electricity was off.
While
While
While
When
When
2.昨天晚上我在写作业时，妈妈回来了。
While I was doing my homework last night, my mom came back.
3.昨天我到家的时候,他正在看电视.
He was watching TV when I got home yesterday.
4.昨天我在家里看书时，天下雪了.
While I was reading at home yesterday, it snowed.
5.飞机到达威海的时候,天正在下雨。
When the plane arrived in Weihai, it was raining.
6.上周日我在看电视时，你打来电话。
While I was watching TV last Sunday,
you called me up.
4. 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
1）过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，而一般过去时则表示一个完整的动作。如：
They were writing letters to their friends last night .
昨晚他们在写信给他们的朋友。（没有说明信是否写完）
They wrote letters to their friends last night .
他们昨晚写了信给他们的朋友。（表达了他们已写好的意思，整个写的过程已完成。）
4. 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
2）当动作延续较长时间时或表示厌烦、赞美等感彩时，常用过去进行时表示。如：
He was thinking more of others than of himself .
他考虑别人的比考虑自己的多。（表示说话者赞扬的口气）
The boy was always making trouble then .
那时，他总是惹麻烦。（表示说话者厌烦的口气）
Make sentences with “when” and “while”
2. Recite the Paragraph 1 and 2