2023届高三英语一轮复习人教版(2019)必修第一Unit4 Natural disasters 能力巩固练习(含答案)
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语一轮复习人教版(2019)必修第一Unit4 Natural disasters 能力巩固练习(含答案) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-12 22:25:17 | ||
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高三一轮复习必修一unit4能力巩固
I.基础知识巩固
1）用所给词的恰当形式完成句子
1.It is reported that many housed were _______________(destroy) in the earthquake.
2.People_______________(injure) were taken good care of by the rescuers and doctors.
3.The number of people dead in the earthquake _______________ (be) going up.
4.The earthquake that _______________(strike) Sichuan yesterday was terrifying.
5.They sat there _______________(calm) even when there was a warning of earthquake.
6.It was sad to see the beautiful village in_______________（ruin）after the flood.
7.We are in need of a lot of _______________(electricity) equipment right now.
8.The accident _______________(effect) the boy’s life for a long time.
9.The captain had the package_______________(deliver) by a young solider.
10.His _______________(survive) from the earthquake was reported and he was considered a hero.
2）单句语法填空
1.The girl _______________ a deep breath and continued to fight.
2.The whole country was _______________(shock) by the news of his death.
3.No harm would do _______________ you if you keep a healthy diet.
4.Are those the drivers who are _______________ a strike
5. _______________ usual, she sent her son to school and went shopping.
6.The doctor_______________ rescued many people from the accident was found at last.
7.Mr. White _______________ office was burnt to ruins yesterday lost all his money.
8.The young man to _______________ we gave help graduated from college.
9.Grandma was suffering_______________ heart failure and was taken to hospital.
10.A number of experts _______________(listen) to his report right now and they are impressed.
II.能力提升
1）完形填空
Different colors usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate（使发生联系）red with a strong feeling like 1 . Red is used for signs of 2 , such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of 3 in autumn. People say orange is a 4 color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of 5 . People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the hopeful color of grass in 6 . People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people 7 two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and 8 . Where there are warm colors and a lot of light, people usually want to be 9 . Those who like to be with 10 like red. The cool colors are 11 and blue. Where there are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to 12 more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a good 13 for a living room or a 14 . People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. 15 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly.
1. A. anger B. sadness C. nervousness D. anxiety
2. A. roads B. danger C. safety D. places
3. A. flowers B. animals C. leaves D. mountains
4. A. frightening B. dark C. noisy D. lively
5. A. sunlight B. wind C moonlight. D. stars
6. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
7. A. learn about B. talk about C. think about D. tell about
8. A. yellow B. white C. green D. gray
9. A. calm B. sleepy C. helpful D. active
10. A. the other B. others C. other one D. another
11. A. black B. golden C. green D. yellow
12. A. go by B. go round C. go off D. go for
13. A. matter B. help C. fact D. choice
14. A. factory B. restaurant C. classroom D. hospital
15. A. Cool B. Different C. Warm D. All
2）阅读理解
A
A survey by the American Psychological Association shows that one in ten adults reads online news at least once an hour. A lot has been written about the mental(心理的) health influence from news addiction, and in particular from reading negative reports. Just like junk food, “junk” news can be bad for our health.
In recent years, things have been getting increasingly more negative. A study of the content of New Zealand’s largest newspaper showed that while in 1973 the average number of stories about death on the front page was 0.75, by 2013 it was 4.1(and no, there weren’t five times more people dying).
What’s more, online news, and the stories we read on mobile phones in particular, tend to be even more negative than print. A 2019 study of 50 U.S. newspapers showed that mobile versions(版本) of newspapers report three times more stories about disasters and accidents than paper ones.
Such negative reports lead people to believe that things are worse than they really are. They can lead to stress, worry and lower spirits.
Experiments also suggest that loneliness and poor relationships have been connected with reading negative reports. After reading negative reports, people are less likely to help others. Even worse, when we check news on smart phones, we may “phub” our loved ones, which leads to lower relationship satisfaction.
Negative reports attract our attention far more than positive ones. That’s a global happening. I hope, however, that if we realize that negative news is spoiling our moods, we might all be more willing to change.
16. Why is “junk food” mentioned in the first paragraph
A. To entertain readers. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To make an advertisement. D. To keep readers away from it.
17. What can we learn about the study in Paragraph 2
A. The death rate in New Zealand is very high.
B. Print newspapers have become less popular.
C. Stories about death have become less popular.
D. Negative reporting has been increasing over years.
18. What may negative reports lead people to do
A. Live a hopeful life.
B. Become more careful.
C. Become less likely to help others.
D. Pay more attention to their physical health.
19. What does the underlined word “phub” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Ignore B. Hate C. Laugh at D. Care about
20. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. A Survey on News Reading Habits B. Negative Effects of Mobile Phones
C. Is Online News Better Than Print D. Is Junk News a Danger to Health
B
Unlike humans who enter a state of relatively complete unconsciousness(无意识) while sleeping, birds can more carefully control their sleep. Birds often sleep with one eye open, only half their brain resting at the same time. The other half of the brain is awake, able to note danger if needed.
While the exact way in which birds control their sleep patterns(模式) has not been well studied, it has been shown that the safer a bird feels when sleeping, the more likely it is to sleep deeper. If the situation is more uncertain, however, the bird will sleep more lightly.
Sleeping together is another defensive method that many birds use. By living together, some species can create a nighttime place where thousands of individuals sleep. As a result, there are more birds to notice their enemies’ attack, giving each individual bird a greater chance of survival. In winter, many birds, particularly small birds, live together to share body heat and survive lower nighttime temperatures.
When birds sleep, they bury weak body parts in their feathers(羽毛). A bird’s feathers create air pockets that help it keep warm, and by placing feet or the bill(喙) into the feathers, less body heat is lost. When a bird’s bill is buried deeply in its feathers, it is also able to breathe air warmed by its own body heat.
There is little data about how long birds sleep at a time, but studies show that birds may sleep longer during longer nights. This may be because birds are not able to search for food or take part in other activities without enough light and so sleeping is the next natural item on their to-do lists. Birds are able to sleep for a short time during the day, however, and can also sleep longer whenever they are in a safe place.
21. How can birds control their sleep？
A. By opening both of the eyes. B. By ignoring danger frequently.
C. By entering a dream completely. D. By keeping half of the brain awake.
22. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Birds’ condition. B. Birds weight.
C. Birds’ feelings. D. Birds’ sleep patterns.
23. Why do birds sleep together according to Paragraph3
A. They can attack their enemies.
B. They can protect themselves well.
C. They can lower body temperatures.
D. They can share body heat in summer.
24. Where do birds put their weak body parts while sleeping
A. Into their feathers. B. Into their feet.
C. Into their mouths. D. Into their skin pockets.
25. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Birds can search for food in weak light.
B. Birds should plan their activities more carefully.
C. Birds can usually sleep longer at night in winter.
D. Birds should place sleeping first on their to-do lists.
3）语法填空
The Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese agriculture. Built over 2,200 years ago in 1 is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering 2 (achieve) is still used today.
In ancient times, the region 3 Dujiangyan now stands suffered from regular floods from the Minjiang River. 4 (help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find 5 solution. Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwaters while 6 (leave) the river flowing naturally. Much 7 (good), the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 8 suitable for farming.
Once the system finished, no more floods happened and the people were able to live 9 (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is 10 (admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams, where the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, making the ecosystem(生态系统) and fish populations exist in peace.
4）应用文写作
假如你所在学校为了进一步增强学生的安全意识，提高自我保护能力，开展了以安全为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下要点提示写一篇演讲稿。
be careful when making friends
eat healthily
3. pay attention to road safety
4. call the police when in danger
注意：1)内容必须包括所给的全部要点，可适当发挥；
2)表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；
3)词数80左右。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
How to keep safe
As teenagers we should always keep safety in mind.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
用所给词的恰当形式完成句子：1.destroyed 2.injured 3.is/was 4.struck 5.calmly 6.ruins 7.electric 8.affected 9.delivered 10.survival
单句语法填空：1.took 2.shocked 3.to 4.on 5.As 6.who/that 7.whose 8.whom
9.from 10.are listening
完形填空：1-5ACCDA 6-10ABADB 11-15CADBA
阅读理解：16-20BDCAA 21-25DDBAC
语法填空：1．what 2．achievement 3．where 4．To help 5．a 6．leaving 7．better 8．it 9．peacefully 10．admired
应用文写作：A Possible Version:
How to keep safe
As teenagers, we should always keep safety in mind. Here are some of my suggestions. First, we should be careful when we make friends, especially on line. We mustn’t trust people too easily and must keep our own information safe. Second, we ought to eat healthily and safely. Also, when we are on the road, we must look out for cars coming and going, especially when crossing the road. If we are in danger, we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe.
I.基础知识巩固
1）用所给词的恰当形式完成句子
1.It is reported that many housed were _______________(destroy) in the earthquake.
2.People_______________(injure) were taken good care of by the rescuers and doctors.
3.The number of people dead in the earthquake _______________ (be) going up.
4.The earthquake that _______________(strike) Sichuan yesterday was terrifying.
5.They sat there _______________(calm) even when there was a warning of earthquake.
6.It was sad to see the beautiful village in_______________（ruin）after the flood.
7.We are in need of a lot of _______________(electricity) equipment right now.
8.The accident _______________(effect) the boy’s life for a long time.
9.The captain had the package_______________(deliver) by a young solider.
10.His _______________(survive) from the earthquake was reported and he was considered a hero.
2）单句语法填空
1.The girl _______________ a deep breath and continued to fight.
2.The whole country was _______________(shock) by the news of his death.
3.No harm would do _______________ you if you keep a healthy diet.
4.Are those the drivers who are _______________ a strike
5. _______________ usual, she sent her son to school and went shopping.
6.The doctor_______________ rescued many people from the accident was found at last.
7.Mr. White _______________ office was burnt to ruins yesterday lost all his money.
8.The young man to _______________ we gave help graduated from college.
9.Grandma was suffering_______________ heart failure and was taken to hospital.
10.A number of experts _______________(listen) to his report right now and they are impressed.
II.能力提升
1）完形填空
Different colors usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate（使发生联系）red with a strong feeling like 1 . Red is used for signs of 2 , such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of 3 in autumn. People say orange is a 4 color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of 5 . People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the hopeful color of grass in 6 . People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people 7 two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and 8 . Where there are warm colors and a lot of light, people usually want to be 9 . Those who like to be with 10 like red. The cool colors are 11 and blue. Where there are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to 12 more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a good 13 for a living room or a 14 . People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. 15 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly.
1. A. anger B. sadness C. nervousness D. anxiety
2. A. roads B. danger C. safety D. places
3. A. flowers B. animals C. leaves D. mountains
4. A. frightening B. dark C. noisy D. lively
5. A. sunlight B. wind C moonlight. D. stars
6. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
7. A. learn about B. talk about C. think about D. tell about
8. A. yellow B. white C. green D. gray
9. A. calm B. sleepy C. helpful D. active
10. A. the other B. others C. other one D. another
11. A. black B. golden C. green D. yellow
12. A. go by B. go round C. go off D. go for
13. A. matter B. help C. fact D. choice
14. A. factory B. restaurant C. classroom D. hospital
15. A. Cool B. Different C. Warm D. All
2）阅读理解
A
A survey by the American Psychological Association shows that one in ten adults reads online news at least once an hour. A lot has been written about the mental(心理的) health influence from news addiction, and in particular from reading negative reports. Just like junk food, “junk” news can be bad for our health.
In recent years, things have been getting increasingly more negative. A study of the content of New Zealand’s largest newspaper showed that while in 1973 the average number of stories about death on the front page was 0.75, by 2013 it was 4.1(and no, there weren’t five times more people dying).
What’s more, online news, and the stories we read on mobile phones in particular, tend to be even more negative than print. A 2019 study of 50 U.S. newspapers showed that mobile versions(版本) of newspapers report three times more stories about disasters and accidents than paper ones.
Such negative reports lead people to believe that things are worse than they really are. They can lead to stress, worry and lower spirits.
Experiments also suggest that loneliness and poor relationships have been connected with reading negative reports. After reading negative reports, people are less likely to help others. Even worse, when we check news on smart phones, we may “phub” our loved ones, which leads to lower relationship satisfaction.
Negative reports attract our attention far more than positive ones. That’s a global happening. I hope, however, that if we realize that negative news is spoiling our moods, we might all be more willing to change.
16. Why is “junk food” mentioned in the first paragraph
A. To entertain readers. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To make an advertisement. D. To keep readers away from it.
17. What can we learn about the study in Paragraph 2
A. The death rate in New Zealand is very high.
B. Print newspapers have become less popular.
C. Stories about death have become less popular.
D. Negative reporting has been increasing over years.
18. What may negative reports lead people to do
A. Live a hopeful life.
B. Become more careful.
C. Become less likely to help others.
D. Pay more attention to their physical health.
19. What does the underlined word “phub” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Ignore B. Hate C. Laugh at D. Care about
20. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. A Survey on News Reading Habits B. Negative Effects of Mobile Phones
C. Is Online News Better Than Print D. Is Junk News a Danger to Health
B
Unlike humans who enter a state of relatively complete unconsciousness(无意识) while sleeping, birds can more carefully control their sleep. Birds often sleep with one eye open, only half their brain resting at the same time. The other half of the brain is awake, able to note danger if needed.
While the exact way in which birds control their sleep patterns(模式) has not been well studied, it has been shown that the safer a bird feels when sleeping, the more likely it is to sleep deeper. If the situation is more uncertain, however, the bird will sleep more lightly.
Sleeping together is another defensive method that many birds use. By living together, some species can create a nighttime place where thousands of individuals sleep. As a result, there are more birds to notice their enemies’ attack, giving each individual bird a greater chance of survival. In winter, many birds, particularly small birds, live together to share body heat and survive lower nighttime temperatures.
When birds sleep, they bury weak body parts in their feathers(羽毛). A bird’s feathers create air pockets that help it keep warm, and by placing feet or the bill(喙) into the feathers, less body heat is lost. When a bird’s bill is buried deeply in its feathers, it is also able to breathe air warmed by its own body heat.
There is little data about how long birds sleep at a time, but studies show that birds may sleep longer during longer nights. This may be because birds are not able to search for food or take part in other activities without enough light and so sleeping is the next natural item on their to-do lists. Birds are able to sleep for a short time during the day, however, and can also sleep longer whenever they are in a safe place.
21. How can birds control their sleep？
A. By opening both of the eyes. B. By ignoring danger frequently.
C. By entering a dream completely. D. By keeping half of the brain awake.
22. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Birds’ condition. B. Birds weight.
C. Birds’ feelings. D. Birds’ sleep patterns.
23. Why do birds sleep together according to Paragraph3
A. They can attack their enemies.
B. They can protect themselves well.
C. They can lower body temperatures.
D. They can share body heat in summer.
24. Where do birds put their weak body parts while sleeping
A. Into their feathers. B. Into their feet.
C. Into their mouths. D. Into their skin pockets.
25. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Birds can search for food in weak light.
B. Birds should plan their activities more carefully.
C. Birds can usually sleep longer at night in winter.
D. Birds should place sleeping first on their to-do lists.
3）语法填空
The Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese agriculture. Built over 2,200 years ago in 1 is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering 2 (achieve) is still used today.
In ancient times, the region 3 Dujiangyan now stands suffered from regular floods from the Minjiang River. 4 (help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find 5 solution. Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwaters while 6 (leave) the river flowing naturally. Much 7 (good), the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 8 suitable for farming.
Once the system finished, no more floods happened and the people were able to live 9 (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is 10 (admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams, where the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, making the ecosystem(生态系统) and fish populations exist in peace.
4）应用文写作
假如你所在学校为了进一步增强学生的安全意识，提高自我保护能力，开展了以安全为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下要点提示写一篇演讲稿。
be careful when making friends
eat healthily
3. pay attention to road safety
4. call the police when in danger
注意：1)内容必须包括所给的全部要点，可适当发挥；
2)表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；
3)词数80左右。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
How to keep safe
As teenagers we should always keep safety in mind.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
用所给词的恰当形式完成句子：1.destroyed 2.injured 3.is/was 4.struck 5.calmly 6.ruins 7.electric 8.affected 9.delivered 10.survival
单句语法填空：1.took 2.shocked 3.to 4.on 5.As 6.who/that 7.whose 8.whom
9.from 10.are listening
完形填空：1-5ACCDA 6-10ABADB 11-15CADBA
阅读理解：16-20BDCAA 21-25DDBAC
语法填空：1．what 2．achievement 3．where 4．To help 5．a 6．leaving 7．better 8．it 9．peacefully 10．admired
应用文写作：A Possible Version:
How to keep safe
As teenagers, we should always keep safety in mind. Here are some of my suggestions. First, we should be careful when we make friends, especially on line. We mustn’t trust people too easily and must keep our own information safe. Second, we ought to eat healthily and safely. Also, when we are on the road, we must look out for cars coming and going, especially when crossing the road. If we are in danger, we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe.