外研版选修七单元测试 Module 2 Highlights of My Senior Year 能力提升（含答案，无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 外研版选修七单元测试 Module 2 Highlights of My Senior Year 能力提升（含答案，无听力部分） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-12 22:42:44 | ||
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Module 2 Highlights of My Senior Year 能力提升——2022-2023学年高二英语外研版选修七单元测试
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fat and shy, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. "Football, tennis, cricket—anything with a round ball, I was useless," he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in Devonshire, England.
It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength. At the age of 18, he ran his first marathon.
The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway's school of adventure in Scotland, where he learned about Ridgway's cold-water exploits. Greatly interested, Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures, and then decided that this would be his future.
In 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition (探险) towards the North Pole. It took unbelievable energy. He suffered frostbite (冻疮), ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit, pulling his supply-loaded sled (雪橇) up and over rocky mountains.
Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and he's skied more of the North Pole by himself than any other British man. His old playmates would not believe the change.
Saunders heads south from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, a 2,900-kilometre journey that has never been completed on skis.
1.What change happened to Saunders after he was 15 years old
A.He became good at most sports. B.He made friends with a runner.
C.He joined a sports team. D.He began to build up his body.
2.The underlined word "exploits" ( Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to "________".
A.journeys B.adventures C.research D.operations
3.What does the story mainly tell us about Saunders
A.He is a success in sports. B.He is the best British skier.
C.He is Ridgway's best student. D.He is a good instructor at school.
B
There's nothing like a good night's sleep—but what does that really mean It turns out that the answer depends not only on your age, but also on your lifestyle. Some people are productive and happy with fewer hours of sleep, while others need more. Still, experts can determine guidelines that work for most people. The National Sleep Foundation researched the topic and gave new recommendations. The foundation acknowledges that sleep needs will vary—lifestyle and stress should be taken into consideration—but their recommendations offer a general guideline. For example, teenagers need 8—10 hours' sleep every day.
To create the recommendations, some sleep and medical experts reviewed 312 articles from journals published during the last decade. This is the first time that a professional organisation has developed age-specific recommended sleep duration based on a systematic review of the world scientific literature.
A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation. It can also have serious consequences on the brain. People who do not get enough sleep are at increased risk of depression, and can endanger others. Those who become sleepy while driving, for example, risk both their lives and the lives of those around them.
Researchers also have found in the past that too much sleep can have negative effects. Reportedly, low socioeconomic status and depression are significantly associated with longer sleep. However, experts nowadays find that research on oversleeping is still unconvincing and needs more attention. Currently, there is no strong evidence that sleeping too much has health consequences. There is, however, laboratory evidence that short sleep duration of four to five hours has negative consequences. We need similar laboratory studies to determine whether long sleep duration results in physiological changes that could lead to disease before we make any recommendations against sleep extension.
1.What can be learnt about sleeping time
A.The time you need for sleep is related to your state of mind.
B.Experts' guidelines for sleeping time apply to all the people.
C.The less you sleep, the more productive you are.
D.The more you sleep, the more energetic you are.
2.How did the National Sleeping Foundation do the research
A.By interviewing different people. B.By reading lots of articles.
C.By consulting other experts. D.By doing systematic experiments.
3.What will people without enough sleep probably do according to the research
A.Lose some weight. B.Eat more food.
C.Dream during their sleep. D.Drive faster than usual.
4.What can be learnt from Paragraph 4
A.Too much sleep may result in social changes.
B.Researchers now agree with those in the past.
C.More research on oversleeping is needed.
D.Research on oversleeping is quite convincing.
C
Before uploading a photo of ourselves to social media, chances are that we'll use an app to smooth our skin, make our eyes look bigger, and lips fuller. With a couple of taps on our mobile phone, we can get a quick fix and present the "best" version of ourselves to the world. However, the problem is, when we simply edit our imperfections away,we're also changing the way we look at ourselves.
Last month, researchers published the article Selfies—Living in the Era of Filtered(过滤的) Photographs. The article analysed photo editing apps' bad influences on people's self-respect and their possibility to cause appearance anxieties. The researchers also warned that such apps make it difficult to tell the difference between reality and fantasy. "These apps allow one to change his or her appearance in minutes and follow an unrealistic standard of beauty," the article reads.
In the past, people may have compared their looks to those of famous people. But for today's young people, beauty standards are most likely set by what they see on social media. "From birth, they are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self-worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have, which is linked to how good they look," British cosmetic doctor Tijion Esho told The Independent. This is why many young people suffer an identity trouble when it comes to appearance.
"Now you've got this daily comparison of your real self to this fake self that you present on social media," Renee Engeln, a professor of psychology, told the HuffPost website. Engeln further pointed out that when people spend too much time making such comparisons, they may become "beauty sick" and find it difficult to accept what they actually look like. "Because between you and the world is a mirror. It's a mirror that travels with you everywhere. You can't seem to put it down," she told The Washington Post. So when we look in a real mirror, we shouldn’t think to ourselves, "Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos " Instead, we should think, "I feel good; I have my health."
1.Before uploading a photo to social media, we will probably _________.
A.have an operating to make our eyes look bigger
B.use some cream to smooth our skin
C.use an app to fix our photo
D.edit our perfections away
2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A.In many ways, photo editing apps are beneficial to people.
B.Photo editing apps are likely to cause people's anxieties about their appearance.
C.Photo editing apps can make people more beautiful.
D.Photo editing apps help people judge realistic beauty.
3.When it comes to appearance, why do many young people suffer an identity trouble
A.Because they compare their looks to those of famous people.
B.Because beauty standards are set by social media.
C.Because their feelings of self-worth depend on their own likes and dislikes.
D.Because their feelings of self-worth depend on their appearance.
4.According to Engeln, what should we do
A.We should feel good about what we actually look like.
B.We should spend more time making comparison of our real self to fake self.
C.We should take a mirror with us everywhere.
D.We should try to look as good as ourselves in the filtered photos.
D
A couple of weeks ago, my grandfather was explaining his favorite expression, “Nothing is ever easy.” The following day, as I tried to complete my day’s work, I happened to notice a bumblebee on the skylight. The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought removing the bee would take no more than five minutes. An hour later, the bee still remained. All that had changed was that the living room was a mess and that I was dizzy from looking up into the sunlight. I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny, but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.
It is not only time that we tend to underestimate --we don’t account for unexpected costs. We often imagine what can work in our favor, but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us. However, it is important to remember that your day or week or year might not go as planned, and that is completely normal. It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged --even at a task you thought was simple --because that is part of life.
If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more manageable. In middle school, I thought high school might be easier because I could choose the classes I wanted to take. In high school, I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule best suited for myself. Yet each time, I was both wrong and disappointed. After accepting that school wouldn’t (and shouldn’t) be easy, I found myself with a more positive attitude and improved results.
Of course, there should be preparations made to account for expenses or time. Doing so can only help you accomplish your goals in a better way. However, there is no need to regret ourselves when something stands in our path. Maybe we cannot see a bee coming our way, but we can always give ourselves the extra time to catch it.
1.Why did the author mention his experience of removing a bee
A.To share something unforgettable with us. B.To lead us to what the author learned from it.
C.To show the unexpected costs it caused. D.To tell us how easy it is to waste our time.
2.Why do things often turn out to be different from what we expect
A.Unexpected things can happen. B.We tend not to have enough money.
C.We often don’t take time seriously. D.It is easy to feel challenged.
3.Why did the author mention the “bee” again in the end
A.To show how annoying it is. B.To tell us we need to catch it.
C.To link back to the beginning. D.To use it as a representative of luck.
4.What is the author’s purpose of writing this article
A.To encourage people to make greater efforts.
B.To explain how to make preparations.
C.To tell us what to do when something gets in our way.
D.To persuade us not to expect things to be easy.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Falling down in public is embarrassing for most people. However, a new social media craze called the "Falling
Stars Challenge” has turned falling into something fun to do.
The craze began in Russia. ①_________ Items like handbags, accessories( 配饰) and cash were spread out on the ground around them in the photos. Peopleshared these photos to show off their wealth.
The craze soon became popular around the world. ②_________ People are using it to show off their hobbies and professional talent. The items in their pictures show what they do for a living and what they have achieved in their life.
③_________ For example, students fall down on textbooks and test papers. Police officers fall in front of their police cars with handcuffs(手铐) in their hands. Famous people are also taking up the challenge. Writer Liu Tong takes a fall with dozens of copies of his new book.
More than 1. 08 million Chinese have taken up this challenge on Sina Weibo. Their pictures have been viewed more than 2. 22 billion times. Internet users also comment on these posts. ④_________ One Weibo user wrote : “This shows the positive energy of fighting and working hard. Applause for these young people!”
However, some think the craze is just another example of a successful Internet meme 网络爆红). ⑤_________ What do you think Will you try this challenge
A. Most of them speak highly of the craze.
B. They also think people are just imitating others.
C. In China, however, it is taking on a new meaning.
D. People from all walks of life are taking part in it.
E. People posted pictures of themselves faking a fall.
F. The challenge is particularly popular among young people.
G. The biggest reason for the success of the challenge is simple.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was early in the morning and I couldn't stop looking at the woman a few feet away from me on the beach. I had come to watch the 1 and she was getting on my nerves.
The woman endlessly tapped on the screen of her cellphone 2 appreciating the beautiful sunrise before us. It was really 3 —great beauty was right before her and she didn't even notice.
I noticed her on the 4 the day before when she was sitting next to my family. She just sat there baking in the sun with her cellphone in hand, and never 5 . Now she was in front of the finest scenery and she was still looking down. That's a sad way to 6 , I thought.
Then an inner voice spoke to me, "You're just as distracted from looking at the sunrise as she is. She's only distracted by her phone 7 you're distracted by your 8 to look over and judge her."
When I looked away from the lady, I 9 something : I could relax and 10 enjoy the masterpiece before me, and I didn't have to worry about her.
Stop 11 other people. There is always at least one more fact, which we know 12 about, in every person's 13 . For all I know, the grandchild of that woman was in hospital and she was 14 checking her phone for an update. Or maybe she was getting e-mails about—why did I care
Stop looking for people's imperfections. Only by doing that, we'll be in a better position to see the beautiful things that are 15 right in front of us.
1.A.show B.game C.video D.sunrise
2.A.in favour of B.in case of C.instead of D.in fear of
3.A.strange B.adventurous C.brilliant D.harmonious
4.A.path B.grass C.stage D.beach
5.A.showed off B.looked up C.went around D.jogged round
6.A.live B.grow C.change D.work
7.A.as B.if C.before D.while
8.A.wish B.goal C.ability D.effort
9.A.controlled B.complained C.realised D.mentioned
10.A.independently B.fully C.generally D.instantly
11.A.opposing B.judging C.examining D.bothering
12.A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing
13.A.situation B.mind C.possibilities D.strengths
14.A.firmly B.curiously C.constantly D.properly
15.A.shared B.placed C.treated D.distributed
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friends are extremely important for everyone. ①__________ they are children, teenagers, middle aged people or old people, everyone needs good friends around to live life to the fullest.
During childhood, friendship ②__________ (help) make us understand and develop the habit of sharing and caring. Small kids develop friendship ③__________ (fast) than adults and they enjoy the company of their friends. They play and learn together. Friends are important for their proper ④__________ (grow) and development.
⑤__________ teenagers, friends become more important for us. We go through many changes during our teenage. Many of the problems faced during this age cannot ⑥__________ (discuss) with our parents and other family members. However, we are quite comfortable when ⑦__________ (communicate) with our friends. Having good friends ⑧__________ can listen to our problems and provide us support and guidance is indeed a blessing during this age.
More slid more people these days are suffering from mid-life crisis(中年危机). Their family, job, kids and almost everyone and everything around begin to appear as ⑨__________ burden to them at this age. Having good friends around at this time can help a lot.
Friends are ⑩__________ (equal) important during old age. Some old people are alone during their old age. If they have friends around, their life remains joyful and interesting.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华,你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露,他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷,也想尝试一下,为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示,给David回一封邮件,劝他不要吸烟。要点如下:
1. 吸烟危害大,会影响自身及他人的健康;
2. 一旦上瘾,很难戒除;
3. 提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
I was a taxi driver, a father of a 16-year-old boy at that time. My son was good at school, and he would graduate from senior high school and go to university, but he was hesitating to choose his future job and he always changed his mind. I did give him advice but he didn't follow it. And one Monday morning, I stopped at New York Hospital when I found a well-dressed man coming over. He was waving to me. I waited patiently until he jumped into the taxi. "LaGuardia Airport, please." He said.
As always, I wondered about my passenger. So I asked, "What do you do " "I am working at the hospital." For some unknown reason, I decided to ask for his help.
"Could I ask a favor " He didn't answer at first. But I continued, "I have a son, 16. He's doing well in school. He will graduate from senior high school. He wants a job this summer. Is there any possibility that you might get him a summer job " After a minute, he said, "The medical students have a research project. Maybe he could fit in. Have him send me his school records." He searched his pocket and handed me a card.
That evening, when I got home, I pulled the card from my pocket. "Robbie," I said proudly, "This could be a summer job for you. Send him your school records." Robbie took the card and read it out loudly, "Fred Plum, New York Hospital." "Is this a joke " he said in doubt. After I shouted and threatened to cut off his pocket money, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, the whole family waited for me excitedly.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Robbie got the job and did well at the hospital. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DBA
解析：本文介绍了小时候因为又胖又害羞而被大家取笑的桑德斯,从十五岁生日收到山地自行车开始,逐渐改变,最终成为一名运动达人的故事。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength.可知,桑德斯在十五岁后开始健身。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段画线部分后的Greatly interested, Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures, and then decided that this would be his future.可以判断出画线词为“冒险”的意思。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。本文开头说桑德斯因为胖而且害羞而被大家取笑,但后来在他的不懈努力下,最终成为一名运动达人。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.ABBC
解析：好的睡眠的标准不仅取决于一个人的年龄,而且取决于一个人的生活方式。睡眠需求是因人而异的,美国国家睡眠协会通过研究给予了人们睡眠方面的指导。研究表明缺乏睡眠可能会导致体重增加,但过度睡眠是否对健康有影响还需进一步研究。
1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的The foundation acknowledges that sleep needs will vary—lifestyle and stress should be taken into consideration可知,人们所需的睡眠时间与压力,即自身心态有关。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的To create the recommendations, some sleep and medical experts reviewed 312 articles from journals published during the last decade.可知,美国国家睡眠协会采用的研究方式是阅读文献资料。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation.可知,缺乏睡眠可能会导致体重增加,因为那会增强食欲。
4.推理判断题。根据第四段中的However, experts nowadays find that research on oversleeping is still unconvincing and needs more attention.可知,之前对于过度睡眠的研究结果并不令人信服,因此还需进一步研究。
C
答案：1-4.CBDA
解析：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员在最新的一篇文章中指出了照片编辑软件对人们自尊的不良影响以及可能导致的外貌焦虑。心理学教授勒妮·恩格尔恩认为人们应该接受自己真实的外表。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Before uploading a photo of ourselves to social media, chances are that we'll use an app to smooth our skin, make our eyes look bigger, and lips fuller.可知,在上传照片到社交媒体之前,我们可能会使用一个应用软件来美化照片。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The article analysed photo editing apps' bad influences on people's self-respect and their possibility to cause appearance anxieties.可知,修图应用软件很可能会让人们对自己的外貌感到焦虑。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"From birth, they are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self-worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have, which is linked to how good they look, "可知,他们出生在一个社交平台的时代,在这个时代里,他们的自我价值感完全基于他们收到的点赞数量和粉丝数量,而这与他们的外表有关。由此可知,许多年轻人都有身份认同问题是因为他们的自我价值感取决于他们的外表。故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的So when we look in a real mirror, we shouldn't think to ourselves, "Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos " Instead, we should think, "I feel good; I have my health."可知,根据恩格尔恩的观点,我们应该认可自己真实的外表。故选A项。
D
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.问题为:“为什么作者提到了他赶走蜜蜂的经历 ”A选项为了和我们分享难忘的事情,B选项为了引导我们去想作者从中学到了什么,C选项为了展示它所导致的预料之外的代价,D选项为了告诉我们浪费时间是多么容易。根据第一段最后一句“我没想到自己浪费了一个小时在抓这么小的一只蜜蜂身上,但是通过做这件事,我理解了外公(那句话)的意思”,可知这次经历让作者学到了很多,所以作者提到他赶蜜蜂是为了引导我们思考他从中学到了什么。因此选B。
2.根据第二段第三句“然而重要的是你要记住你的一天或者一周或者一年可能都不会按计划进行,这是完全正常的”,所以导致和预期不同。因此选A。
3.问题为:“为什么作者在结尾又提到了蜜蜂 ”A选项为了展示蜜蜂有多烦人,B选项为了告诉我们我们需要抓住它,C选项为了联系开头,D选项为了把它当做幸运的观点使用。根据最后一段最后一句“也许我们没看见一只蜜蜂飞进来,但是我们总会给自己额外的时间去抓它。”再联系本段的大意“不要为了这些小事阻碍自己实现自己的目标,做了就做了,不用过度责备自己,顺其自然即可”。所以提蜜蜂不是为了表示蜜蜂烦人,也不是让我们去抓住它,更不是一种幸运,它只是联系一下开头,没有什么事情是容易的,顺其自然吧。所以选C。
4.问题为:“作者写这篇文章的目的是什么 ”A选项为了鼓励人们做出更大的努力,B选项为了解释如何做准备,C选项为了告诉我们当一些(会影响我们的)事情发生了我们应该怎么做,D选项为了劝我们不要把事情想的太容易。根据最后一段倒数一二句“但是,当事情发生的时候,我们没必要过分自责。也许我们没看见一只蜜蜂飞进来,但是我们总会给自己额外的时间去抓它。”所以不要为了这些小事阻碍自己实现自己的目标,做了就做了,不用过度责备自己,顺其自然即可。因此写这篇文章的目的是,告诉我们当一些(会影响我们的)事情发生了我们应该怎么做。选D。
第二节
答案：ECDAB
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了之前在外国流行的标签为"摔跤之星挑战"的炫富潮传入中国呈现出一种新的意义。
1. E 空前一句提到这一热潮始于俄罗斯,下文提到"People shared these photos to show off their wealth”,由此可推知,此处表示"人们发布他们自己假装摔倒的照片",故选E。
2. C 上文提到人们发布假摔照是为了炫富,而空后则是在讲人们炫耀的东西并不是财富,而是分享其他积极的东西, 由此推知前后表示转折,故C项符合文意。
3. D 空后列举了 students,police officers,famous people这几个不同的群体分享的内容,说明各行各业的人们都参与了这一热潮,故选D。
4. A 空前一句提到网络用户也会对这些帖子进行评论,空后谈到一位微博用户对这一现象给出的肯定评价,由此可推知,空处表示大多数人对这一热潮极为赞许,故选A。
5. B 由空前的"However, some think the craze is just another example of a successful Internet meme(网络爆红)"可知,这里是在讲一些人对这一热潮的负面评价。结合选项可知,B项"他们也认为人们(做这件事)只是在模仿他人"符合文意,故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.DCADB; 6-10.ADACB; 11-15.BDACB
解析：本文主要讲述了作者在海滩上看到一位女士只看手机不欣赏日出美景,而为此烦恼。后来作者意识到不要关心人们的不完美,只有这样,我们才能看到我们面前的美好事物。
1.根据第二段中的appreciating the beautiful sunrise before us可知作者本来是来看日出的,但是旁边的女士却惹他心烦。故选D项。
2.空前指女士不停地敲着手机屏幕,空后指欣赏美丽的日出,instead of意为“而不是”,符合语境。故选C项。
3.此句中的主语It指代上一句的内容,即只看手机不看日出。所以作者觉得这很奇怪。故选A项。
4.根据第一段中的on the beach可知D项正确。
5.根据下一句中的she was still looking down可知她一直低着头,一直不抬头。look up意为“向上看”。故选B项。
6.句意为:我认为这是一种可悲的生活方式。故选A项。
7.句意为:她只是被她的手机分心,而你被看向她和评判她的意愿分心。根据语境可知此处表示对比,while意为“然而”,表对比。故选D项。
8.此处表示作者总想去观察女士并判断她为什么这样做。故选A项。
9.句意为:当我把目光从那个女士身上移开时,我意识到了一些事情。设空后为作者恍然大悟的想法。故选C项。
10.此处是说作者可以放松自己,充分地享受眼前的美景。fully意为“充分地;完全地”。故选B项。
11.此处为原词复现,根据上文的to look over and judge her可知此处作者是说:不要再继续评判别人了。故选B项。
12.句意为:在每个人的处境中,总有至少一个我们一无所知的事实。故选D项。
13.根据上一题解析可知,此处表示“处境”。故选A项。
14.根据第二段第一句中的endlessly可知,她不断地看手机。constantly意为“不断地”,与上文相照应。故选C项。
15.句意为:只有这样,我们才能更好地看到置于我们面前的美好事物。place作动词,意为“放置;摆放”。故选B项。
第二节
答案：1.Whether2.helps3.faster4.growth5.As6.be municating8.who/that9. a10. equally
解析：
本文为一篇说明文。朋友对每个人来说都是影响一生的重要存在,本文主要介绍了朋友在不同年龄段的重要性。
1. Whether whether... or…为固定搭配,意为“无论……还是…… 故填Whether。
2. helps本段是用一般现在时客观陈述友谊在人的童年时期的作用, 该空也应用一般现在时,且主语friendship为第三人称单数,根据主谓一致原则,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
3. faster根据后面的than可知,该空应用比较级。故填faster。
4. growth根据and可知,该空应填名词和development并列,作介词for的宾语。故填growth。
5. As句意为:作为青少年,朋友对我们来说变得更重要。表示“作为”,应用介词as。故填As。
6. be discussed cannot为情态动词的否定形式,后面应接动词原形。主语Many of the problems和discuss之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填be discussed。
7. communicating句意为:然而,当和朋友交流时,我们很舒服。分析句子结构可知,communicate与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填communicating。
8. who/that分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。先行词friends指人,应用关系代词who/that引导该从句。故填 who/that。
9. a burden是可数名词,此处泛指“一个负担”,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
10. equally修饰形容词important,应用副词。故填equally。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. As far as I can see, smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body. It can do terrible damage to your heart, and even cause cancer. Additionally, cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members. What's worse, you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life. You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, the whole family waited for me excitedly. Extremely proud, my son handed me a letter from Plum, telling him he was accepted by the project. As it turns out, he sent his school records to the hospital the next day after I gave him the card. And he got a phone from Plum's secretary for an interview. He was concerned about the result, as a result of which, he didn't tell the family what had happened.
Robbie got the job and did well at the hospital. In fact, Robbie did so well that Plum phoned me, singing high praise for him. When the summer job ended, he made up his mind to be a doctor. With a clear aim in his mind, Robbie worked even harder. Eventually, he was admitted to New York Medical College. Much to my amazement, a stranger should change my son's future.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fat and shy, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. "Football, tennis, cricket—anything with a round ball, I was useless," he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in Devonshire, England.
It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength. At the age of 18, he ran his first marathon.
The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway's school of adventure in Scotland, where he learned about Ridgway's cold-water exploits. Greatly interested, Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures, and then decided that this would be his future.
In 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition (探险) towards the North Pole. It took unbelievable energy. He suffered frostbite (冻疮), ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit, pulling his supply-loaded sled (雪橇) up and over rocky mountains.
Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and he's skied more of the North Pole by himself than any other British man. His old playmates would not believe the change.
Saunders heads south from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, a 2,900-kilometre journey that has never been completed on skis.
1.What change happened to Saunders after he was 15 years old
A.He became good at most sports. B.He made friends with a runner.
C.He joined a sports team. D.He began to build up his body.
2.The underlined word "exploits" ( Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to "________".
A.journeys B.adventures C.research D.operations
3.What does the story mainly tell us about Saunders
A.He is a success in sports. B.He is the best British skier.
C.He is Ridgway's best student. D.He is a good instructor at school.
B
There's nothing like a good night's sleep—but what does that really mean It turns out that the answer depends not only on your age, but also on your lifestyle. Some people are productive and happy with fewer hours of sleep, while others need more. Still, experts can determine guidelines that work for most people. The National Sleep Foundation researched the topic and gave new recommendations. The foundation acknowledges that sleep needs will vary—lifestyle and stress should be taken into consideration—but their recommendations offer a general guideline. For example, teenagers need 8—10 hours' sleep every day.
To create the recommendations, some sleep and medical experts reviewed 312 articles from journals published during the last decade. This is the first time that a professional organisation has developed age-specific recommended sleep duration based on a systematic review of the world scientific literature.
A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation. It can also have serious consequences on the brain. People who do not get enough sleep are at increased risk of depression, and can endanger others. Those who become sleepy while driving, for example, risk both their lives and the lives of those around them.
Researchers also have found in the past that too much sleep can have negative effects. Reportedly, low socioeconomic status and depression are significantly associated with longer sleep. However, experts nowadays find that research on oversleeping is still unconvincing and needs more attention. Currently, there is no strong evidence that sleeping too much has health consequences. There is, however, laboratory evidence that short sleep duration of four to five hours has negative consequences. We need similar laboratory studies to determine whether long sleep duration results in physiological changes that could lead to disease before we make any recommendations against sleep extension.
1.What can be learnt about sleeping time
A.The time you need for sleep is related to your state of mind.
B.Experts' guidelines for sleeping time apply to all the people.
C.The less you sleep, the more productive you are.
D.The more you sleep, the more energetic you are.
2.How did the National Sleeping Foundation do the research
A.By interviewing different people. B.By reading lots of articles.
C.By consulting other experts. D.By doing systematic experiments.
3.What will people without enough sleep probably do according to the research
A.Lose some weight. B.Eat more food.
C.Dream during their sleep. D.Drive faster than usual.
4.What can be learnt from Paragraph 4
A.Too much sleep may result in social changes.
B.Researchers now agree with those in the past.
C.More research on oversleeping is needed.
D.Research on oversleeping is quite convincing.
C
Before uploading a photo of ourselves to social media, chances are that we'll use an app to smooth our skin, make our eyes look bigger, and lips fuller. With a couple of taps on our mobile phone, we can get a quick fix and present the "best" version of ourselves to the world. However, the problem is, when we simply edit our imperfections away,we're also changing the way we look at ourselves.
Last month, researchers published the article Selfies—Living in the Era of Filtered(过滤的) Photographs. The article analysed photo editing apps' bad influences on people's self-respect and their possibility to cause appearance anxieties. The researchers also warned that such apps make it difficult to tell the difference between reality and fantasy. "These apps allow one to change his or her appearance in minutes and follow an unrealistic standard of beauty," the article reads.
In the past, people may have compared their looks to those of famous people. But for today's young people, beauty standards are most likely set by what they see on social media. "From birth, they are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self-worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have, which is linked to how good they look," British cosmetic doctor Tijion Esho told The Independent. This is why many young people suffer an identity trouble when it comes to appearance.
"Now you've got this daily comparison of your real self to this fake self that you present on social media," Renee Engeln, a professor of psychology, told the HuffPost website. Engeln further pointed out that when people spend too much time making such comparisons, they may become "beauty sick" and find it difficult to accept what they actually look like. "Because between you and the world is a mirror. It's a mirror that travels with you everywhere. You can't seem to put it down," she told The Washington Post. So when we look in a real mirror, we shouldn’t think to ourselves, "Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos " Instead, we should think, "I feel good; I have my health."
1.Before uploading a photo to social media, we will probably _________.
A.have an operating to make our eyes look bigger
B.use some cream to smooth our skin
C.use an app to fix our photo
D.edit our perfections away
2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A.In many ways, photo editing apps are beneficial to people.
B.Photo editing apps are likely to cause people's anxieties about their appearance.
C.Photo editing apps can make people more beautiful.
D.Photo editing apps help people judge realistic beauty.
3.When it comes to appearance, why do many young people suffer an identity trouble
A.Because they compare their looks to those of famous people.
B.Because beauty standards are set by social media.
C.Because their feelings of self-worth depend on their own likes and dislikes.
D.Because their feelings of self-worth depend on their appearance.
4.According to Engeln, what should we do
A.We should feel good about what we actually look like.
B.We should spend more time making comparison of our real self to fake self.
C.We should take a mirror with us everywhere.
D.We should try to look as good as ourselves in the filtered photos.
D
A couple of weeks ago, my grandfather was explaining his favorite expression, “Nothing is ever easy.” The following day, as I tried to complete my day’s work, I happened to notice a bumblebee on the skylight. The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought removing the bee would take no more than five minutes. An hour later, the bee still remained. All that had changed was that the living room was a mess and that I was dizzy from looking up into the sunlight. I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny, but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.
It is not only time that we tend to underestimate --we don’t account for unexpected costs. We often imagine what can work in our favor, but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us. However, it is important to remember that your day or week or year might not go as planned, and that is completely normal. It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged --even at a task you thought was simple --because that is part of life.
If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more manageable. In middle school, I thought high school might be easier because I could choose the classes I wanted to take. In high school, I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule best suited for myself. Yet each time, I was both wrong and disappointed. After accepting that school wouldn’t (and shouldn’t) be easy, I found myself with a more positive attitude and improved results.
Of course, there should be preparations made to account for expenses or time. Doing so can only help you accomplish your goals in a better way. However, there is no need to regret ourselves when something stands in our path. Maybe we cannot see a bee coming our way, but we can always give ourselves the extra time to catch it.
1.Why did the author mention his experience of removing a bee
A.To share something unforgettable with us. B.To lead us to what the author learned from it.
C.To show the unexpected costs it caused. D.To tell us how easy it is to waste our time.
2.Why do things often turn out to be different from what we expect
A.Unexpected things can happen. B.We tend not to have enough money.
C.We often don’t take time seriously. D.It is easy to feel challenged.
3.Why did the author mention the “bee” again in the end
A.To show how annoying it is. B.To tell us we need to catch it.
C.To link back to the beginning. D.To use it as a representative of luck.
4.What is the author’s purpose of writing this article
A.To encourage people to make greater efforts.
B.To explain how to make preparations.
C.To tell us what to do when something gets in our way.
D.To persuade us not to expect things to be easy.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Falling down in public is embarrassing for most people. However, a new social media craze called the "Falling
Stars Challenge” has turned falling into something fun to do.
The craze began in Russia. ①_________ Items like handbags, accessories( 配饰) and cash were spread out on the ground around them in the photos. Peopleshared these photos to show off their wealth.
The craze soon became popular around the world. ②_________ People are using it to show off their hobbies and professional talent. The items in their pictures show what they do for a living and what they have achieved in their life.
③_________ For example, students fall down on textbooks and test papers. Police officers fall in front of their police cars with handcuffs(手铐) in their hands. Famous people are also taking up the challenge. Writer Liu Tong takes a fall with dozens of copies of his new book.
More than 1. 08 million Chinese have taken up this challenge on Sina Weibo. Their pictures have been viewed more than 2. 22 billion times. Internet users also comment on these posts. ④_________ One Weibo user wrote : “This shows the positive energy of fighting and working hard. Applause for these young people!”
However, some think the craze is just another example of a successful Internet meme 网络爆红). ⑤_________ What do you think Will you try this challenge
A. Most of them speak highly of the craze.
B. They also think people are just imitating others.
C. In China, however, it is taking on a new meaning.
D. People from all walks of life are taking part in it.
E. People posted pictures of themselves faking a fall.
F. The challenge is particularly popular among young people.
G. The biggest reason for the success of the challenge is simple.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was early in the morning and I couldn't stop looking at the woman a few feet away from me on the beach. I had come to watch the 1 and she was getting on my nerves.
The woman endlessly tapped on the screen of her cellphone 2 appreciating the beautiful sunrise before us. It was really 3 —great beauty was right before her and she didn't even notice.
I noticed her on the 4 the day before when she was sitting next to my family. She just sat there baking in the sun with her cellphone in hand, and never 5 . Now she was in front of the finest scenery and she was still looking down. That's a sad way to 6 , I thought.
Then an inner voice spoke to me, "You're just as distracted from looking at the sunrise as she is. She's only distracted by her phone 7 you're distracted by your 8 to look over and judge her."
When I looked away from the lady, I 9 something : I could relax and 10 enjoy the masterpiece before me, and I didn't have to worry about her.
Stop 11 other people. There is always at least one more fact, which we know 12 about, in every person's 13 . For all I know, the grandchild of that woman was in hospital and she was 14 checking her phone for an update. Or maybe she was getting e-mails about—why did I care
Stop looking for people's imperfections. Only by doing that, we'll be in a better position to see the beautiful things that are 15 right in front of us.
1.A.show B.game C.video D.sunrise
2.A.in favour of B.in case of C.instead of D.in fear of
3.A.strange B.adventurous C.brilliant D.harmonious
4.A.path B.grass C.stage D.beach
5.A.showed off B.looked up C.went around D.jogged round
6.A.live B.grow C.change D.work
7.A.as B.if C.before D.while
8.A.wish B.goal C.ability D.effort
9.A.controlled B.complained C.realised D.mentioned
10.A.independently B.fully C.generally D.instantly
11.A.opposing B.judging C.examining D.bothering
12.A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing
13.A.situation B.mind C.possibilities D.strengths
14.A.firmly B.curiously C.constantly D.properly
15.A.shared B.placed C.treated D.distributed
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friends are extremely important for everyone. ①__________ they are children, teenagers, middle aged people or old people, everyone needs good friends around to live life to the fullest.
During childhood, friendship ②__________ (help) make us understand and develop the habit of sharing and caring. Small kids develop friendship ③__________ (fast) than adults and they enjoy the company of their friends. They play and learn together. Friends are important for their proper ④__________ (grow) and development.
⑤__________ teenagers, friends become more important for us. We go through many changes during our teenage. Many of the problems faced during this age cannot ⑥__________ (discuss) with our parents and other family members. However, we are quite comfortable when ⑦__________ (communicate) with our friends. Having good friends ⑧__________ can listen to our problems and provide us support and guidance is indeed a blessing during this age.
More slid more people these days are suffering from mid-life crisis(中年危机). Their family, job, kids and almost everyone and everything around begin to appear as ⑨__________ burden to them at this age. Having good friends around at this time can help a lot.
Friends are ⑩__________ (equal) important during old age. Some old people are alone during their old age. If they have friends around, their life remains joyful and interesting.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华,你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露,他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷,也想尝试一下,为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示,给David回一封邮件,劝他不要吸烟。要点如下:
1. 吸烟危害大,会影响自身及他人的健康;
2. 一旦上瘾,很难戒除;
3. 提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
I was a taxi driver, a father of a 16-year-old boy at that time. My son was good at school, and he would graduate from senior high school and go to university, but he was hesitating to choose his future job and he always changed his mind. I did give him advice but he didn't follow it. And one Monday morning, I stopped at New York Hospital when I found a well-dressed man coming over. He was waving to me. I waited patiently until he jumped into the taxi. "LaGuardia Airport, please." He said.
As always, I wondered about my passenger. So I asked, "What do you do " "I am working at the hospital." For some unknown reason, I decided to ask for his help.
"Could I ask a favor " He didn't answer at first. But I continued, "I have a son, 16. He's doing well in school. He will graduate from senior high school. He wants a job this summer. Is there any possibility that you might get him a summer job " After a minute, he said, "The medical students have a research project. Maybe he could fit in. Have him send me his school records." He searched his pocket and handed me a card.
That evening, when I got home, I pulled the card from my pocket. "Robbie," I said proudly, "This could be a summer job for you. Send him your school records." Robbie took the card and read it out loudly, "Fred Plum, New York Hospital." "Is this a joke " he said in doubt. After I shouted and threatened to cut off his pocket money, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, the whole family waited for me excitedly.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Robbie got the job and did well at the hospital. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DBA
解析：本文介绍了小时候因为又胖又害羞而被大家取笑的桑德斯,从十五岁生日收到山地自行车开始,逐渐改变,最终成为一名运动达人的故事。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength.可知,桑德斯在十五岁后开始健身。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段画线部分后的Greatly interested, Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures, and then decided that this would be his future.可以判断出画线词为“冒险”的意思。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。本文开头说桑德斯因为胖而且害羞而被大家取笑,但后来在他的不懈努力下,最终成为一名运动达人。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.ABBC
解析：好的睡眠的标准不仅取决于一个人的年龄,而且取决于一个人的生活方式。睡眠需求是因人而异的,美国国家睡眠协会通过研究给予了人们睡眠方面的指导。研究表明缺乏睡眠可能会导致体重增加,但过度睡眠是否对健康有影响还需进一步研究。
1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的The foundation acknowledges that sleep needs will vary—lifestyle and stress should be taken into consideration可知,人们所需的睡眠时间与压力,即自身心态有关。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的To create the recommendations, some sleep and medical experts reviewed 312 articles from journals published during the last decade.可知,美国国家睡眠协会采用的研究方式是阅读文献资料。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation.可知,缺乏睡眠可能会导致体重增加,因为那会增强食欲。
4.推理判断题。根据第四段中的However, experts nowadays find that research on oversleeping is still unconvincing and needs more attention.可知,之前对于过度睡眠的研究结果并不令人信服,因此还需进一步研究。
C
答案：1-4.CBDA
解析：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员在最新的一篇文章中指出了照片编辑软件对人们自尊的不良影响以及可能导致的外貌焦虑。心理学教授勒妮·恩格尔恩认为人们应该接受自己真实的外表。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Before uploading a photo of ourselves to social media, chances are that we'll use an app to smooth our skin, make our eyes look bigger, and lips fuller.可知,在上传照片到社交媒体之前,我们可能会使用一个应用软件来美化照片。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The article analysed photo editing apps' bad influences on people's self-respect and their possibility to cause appearance anxieties.可知,修图应用软件很可能会让人们对自己的外貌感到焦虑。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"From birth, they are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self-worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have, which is linked to how good they look, "可知,他们出生在一个社交平台的时代,在这个时代里,他们的自我价值感完全基于他们收到的点赞数量和粉丝数量,而这与他们的外表有关。由此可知,许多年轻人都有身份认同问题是因为他们的自我价值感取决于他们的外表。故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的So when we look in a real mirror, we shouldn't think to ourselves, "Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos " Instead, we should think, "I feel good; I have my health."可知,根据恩格尔恩的观点,我们应该认可自己真实的外表。故选A项。
D
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.问题为:“为什么作者提到了他赶走蜜蜂的经历 ”A选项为了和我们分享难忘的事情,B选项为了引导我们去想作者从中学到了什么,C选项为了展示它所导致的预料之外的代价,D选项为了告诉我们浪费时间是多么容易。根据第一段最后一句“我没想到自己浪费了一个小时在抓这么小的一只蜜蜂身上,但是通过做这件事,我理解了外公(那句话)的意思”,可知这次经历让作者学到了很多,所以作者提到他赶蜜蜂是为了引导我们思考他从中学到了什么。因此选B。
2.根据第二段第三句“然而重要的是你要记住你的一天或者一周或者一年可能都不会按计划进行,这是完全正常的”,所以导致和预期不同。因此选A。
3.问题为:“为什么作者在结尾又提到了蜜蜂 ”A选项为了展示蜜蜂有多烦人,B选项为了告诉我们我们需要抓住它,C选项为了联系开头,D选项为了把它当做幸运的观点使用。根据最后一段最后一句“也许我们没看见一只蜜蜂飞进来,但是我们总会给自己额外的时间去抓它。”再联系本段的大意“不要为了这些小事阻碍自己实现自己的目标,做了就做了,不用过度责备自己,顺其自然即可”。所以提蜜蜂不是为了表示蜜蜂烦人,也不是让我们去抓住它,更不是一种幸运,它只是联系一下开头,没有什么事情是容易的,顺其自然吧。所以选C。
4.问题为:“作者写这篇文章的目的是什么 ”A选项为了鼓励人们做出更大的努力,B选项为了解释如何做准备,C选项为了告诉我们当一些(会影响我们的)事情发生了我们应该怎么做,D选项为了劝我们不要把事情想的太容易。根据最后一段倒数一二句“但是,当事情发生的时候,我们没必要过分自责。也许我们没看见一只蜜蜂飞进来,但是我们总会给自己额外的时间去抓它。”所以不要为了这些小事阻碍自己实现自己的目标,做了就做了,不用过度责备自己,顺其自然即可。因此写这篇文章的目的是,告诉我们当一些(会影响我们的)事情发生了我们应该怎么做。选D。
第二节
答案：ECDAB
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了之前在外国流行的标签为"摔跤之星挑战"的炫富潮传入中国呈现出一种新的意义。
1. E 空前一句提到这一热潮始于俄罗斯,下文提到"People shared these photos to show off their wealth”,由此可推知,此处表示"人们发布他们自己假装摔倒的照片",故选E。
2. C 上文提到人们发布假摔照是为了炫富,而空后则是在讲人们炫耀的东西并不是财富,而是分享其他积极的东西, 由此推知前后表示转折,故C项符合文意。
3. D 空后列举了 students,police officers,famous people这几个不同的群体分享的内容,说明各行各业的人们都参与了这一热潮,故选D。
4. A 空前一句提到网络用户也会对这些帖子进行评论,空后谈到一位微博用户对这一现象给出的肯定评价,由此可推知,空处表示大多数人对这一热潮极为赞许,故选A。
5. B 由空前的"However, some think the craze is just another example of a successful Internet meme(网络爆红)"可知,这里是在讲一些人对这一热潮的负面评价。结合选项可知,B项"他们也认为人们(做这件事)只是在模仿他人"符合文意,故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.DCADB; 6-10.ADACB; 11-15.BDACB
解析：本文主要讲述了作者在海滩上看到一位女士只看手机不欣赏日出美景,而为此烦恼。后来作者意识到不要关心人们的不完美,只有这样,我们才能看到我们面前的美好事物。
1.根据第二段中的appreciating the beautiful sunrise before us可知作者本来是来看日出的,但是旁边的女士却惹他心烦。故选D项。
2.空前指女士不停地敲着手机屏幕,空后指欣赏美丽的日出,instead of意为“而不是”,符合语境。故选C项。
3.此句中的主语It指代上一句的内容,即只看手机不看日出。所以作者觉得这很奇怪。故选A项。
4.根据第一段中的on the beach可知D项正确。
5.根据下一句中的she was still looking down可知她一直低着头,一直不抬头。look up意为“向上看”。故选B项。
6.句意为:我认为这是一种可悲的生活方式。故选A项。
7.句意为:她只是被她的手机分心,而你被看向她和评判她的意愿分心。根据语境可知此处表示对比,while意为“然而”,表对比。故选D项。
8.此处表示作者总想去观察女士并判断她为什么这样做。故选A项。
9.句意为:当我把目光从那个女士身上移开时,我意识到了一些事情。设空后为作者恍然大悟的想法。故选C项。
10.此处是说作者可以放松自己,充分地享受眼前的美景。fully意为“充分地;完全地”。故选B项。
11.此处为原词复现,根据上文的to look over and judge her可知此处作者是说:不要再继续评判别人了。故选B项。
12.句意为:在每个人的处境中,总有至少一个我们一无所知的事实。故选D项。
13.根据上一题解析可知,此处表示“处境”。故选A项。
14.根据第二段第一句中的endlessly可知,她不断地看手机。constantly意为“不断地”,与上文相照应。故选C项。
15.句意为:只有这样,我们才能更好地看到置于我们面前的美好事物。place作动词,意为“放置;摆放”。故选B项。
第二节
答案：1.Whether2.helps3.faster4.growth5.As6.be municating8.who/that9. a10. equally
解析：
本文为一篇说明文。朋友对每个人来说都是影响一生的重要存在,本文主要介绍了朋友在不同年龄段的重要性。
1. Whether whether... or…为固定搭配,意为“无论……还是…… 故填Whether。
2. helps本段是用一般现在时客观陈述友谊在人的童年时期的作用, 该空也应用一般现在时,且主语friendship为第三人称单数,根据主谓一致原则,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
3. faster根据后面的than可知,该空应用比较级。故填faster。
4. growth根据and可知,该空应填名词和development并列,作介词for的宾语。故填growth。
5. As句意为:作为青少年,朋友对我们来说变得更重要。表示“作为”,应用介词as。故填As。
6. be discussed cannot为情态动词的否定形式,后面应接动词原形。主语Many of the problems和discuss之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填be discussed。
7. communicating句意为:然而,当和朋友交流时,我们很舒服。分析句子结构可知,communicate与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填communicating。
8. who/that分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。先行词friends指人,应用关系代词who/that引导该从句。故填 who/that。
9. a burden是可数名词,此处泛指“一个负担”,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
10. equally修饰形容词important,应用副词。故填equally。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. As far as I can see, smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body. It can do terrible damage to your heart, and even cause cancer. Additionally, cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members. What's worse, you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life. You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, the whole family waited for me excitedly. Extremely proud, my son handed me a letter from Plum, telling him he was accepted by the project. As it turns out, he sent his school records to the hospital the next day after I gave him the card. And he got a phone from Plum's secretary for an interview. He was concerned about the result, as a result of which, he didn't tell the family what had happened.
Robbie got the job and did well at the hospital. In fact, Robbie did so well that Plum phoned me, singing high praise for him. When the summer job ended, he made up his mind to be a doctor. With a clear aim in his mind, Robbie worked even harder. Eventually, he was admitted to New York Medical College. Much to my amazement, a stranger should change my son's future.