(共29张PPT)
Unit 2 A life’s work
Section B Using Language
Leading-in
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
While-class
After-class
Part.1 Leading-in
on trail
trial
意思 ________ 词性 ________
by trial and error反复试验（以得出最佳结果）
on trial在试用；在受审
“介词on/in/at/under+名词”可表示某种状态或持续的活动，此时名词前一般不加冠词。
on sale上市；减价销售 on holiday在休假 on fire着火，失火 on duty值班
on show在展出 on business 出差
in trouble处于困境中 in danger处于危险中
at peace处于和平状态at war处于交战状态 at work 在上班 at table在吃饭 at rest休息
at school在上学 under consideration 在考虑中 under discussion 在讨论中
under construction在建设中 under repair 在维修中
练习：You can have the equipment _______ (试用), and if you don't like it you can give it back.
die out
意思 ________
【归纳拓展】
die away（声音、光线、风等）逐渐减弱，逐渐消失
die off相继死去，先后死去（直到死光）
die down（火、兴奋程度等）减弱，平息；（=die away)（声音、光线等）变弱，消失
练习：The wild population of koalas is in danger of dying _______, so we should take steps to protect them.
out
down
back down
意思 ________
【归纳拓展】
back off退后，后退；放过，不去管（某人）
back up证实，为……作证；支持，帮助；（车辆）排起长队
练习：Neither side will back ______ because both of them believe they are right.
breaking new ground
break new ground
意思 ________
【归纳拓展】
hold/stand one's ground坚守阵地，不退缩；坚持自己的立场
get off the ground开始获得成功，取得进展
gain ground取得优势，变得更成 功
lose ground失去优势，失利
have/keep both feet on the ground实事求是,脚踏实地
练习：Our scientists are _________________（开辟新的领域）in AIDS research.
Part.2 While-class
Activity 1
Look at the sentences and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
What form does the predicative take in sentences (a) and (b)
The predicative in sentences (a) and (b) takes the form of a cause.
Why is "what" used in sentence (a) and "where" used in sentence (b)
"What" is used in sentence (a) because it acts as the subject of "makes" in the predicative clause. "Where" is used in sentence (b) because it acts as the adverbial in the predicative clause.
What other words do you know that can lead a predicative clause
Other words are who, when, how, why, etc.
表语从句
在句中起表语作用的从句叫表语从句。表语从句通常放在系动词如be, look, remain, seem等后面,构成“主语+系动词+表语从句”。表语从句用陈述语序。
1 引导表语从句的连接词
(1)从属连词：that, whether等that和whether只起连接作用，不作句子成分，但不能省略。
The trouble is that we are short of funds.
The question is whether my roommates agree with me.
(2)连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等
连接代词既起连接作用，又在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
The problem is who can complete the difficult task.
This is what I want.
(3)连接副词：when, where, why, how等
连接副词既起连接作用，又在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语。
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
What I want to know is how you can persuade him to go.
(4)其他连接词：because, as if/as though等
That's because you eat too much.
It looks as if it is going to snow.
2 使用表语从句时的注意事项
（1）当主语是表示“建议、命令、要求”的词（如suggestion, advice, order, request, demand等）
时，表语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
· His suggestion is that we (should) stay calm.
（2）as if/as though引导表语从句，表示与事实相反时要用虚拟语气。
· It looks as if she were drunk.（事实是她未醉）
· It appears as if he hadn't met her.（事实是他见过她）
（3）表语从句的特殊句式
The reason why.….is that.….…… 的原因是……
This/That/It is because...这/那是因为……
This/That/It is why...这/那就是……的原因
· The reason why he was late is that his bike broke down
· He had seen the film before. That's why he didn't see it last night.
· He didn't see the film last night. That's because he had seen it before.
Activity 2
Ruth Bancroft (1908 ～ 2017) was the creator of the Ruth Bancroft Garden in Walnut Creek, California.
Bancroft was born in Brockton to Swedish parents, who relocated when she was a baby. As a child, she loved to explore the Californian flora, and establishing a garden grew out of her own personal interest in plants and wild flowers. Her garden was the first to be preserved by The Garden Conservancy, and has been welcoming visitors since 1992. Bancroft lived to the incredible age of 109.
One reason why the garden is unique is ________________________________
2. Another reason for its uniqueness is ________________________________
3. The drought-resistant plants with thick, fleshy leaves became
________________________________
4. Although Walnut Creek was not ____________________, Ruth managed to grow them by much trial and error.
5. It seemed ________________________________
6. Those five-star reviews prove ________________________________
that it comprises an array of plants adapted to dry conditions
that it is the life's work of only one woman: Ruth Bancroft
what she was most interested in
where they grew naturally
as though nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work
how much visitors admire her garden
梅兰芳（1894年10月22日～1961年8月8日），清光绪二十年出生于北京，祖籍江苏泰州，是中国京剧表演艺术大师。
梅兰芳8岁学戏，9岁拜吴菱仙为师学青衣，10岁登台。后又求教于秦稚芬和胡二庚学花旦。1915年4月至1916年9月，梅兰芳新排演了《宦海潮》《牢狱鸳鸯》《思凡》等戏。于1949年前先后赴日本、美国、苏联演出，并荣获美国波莫纳学院和南加州大学的荣誉文学博士学位。1950年任中国京剧院院长；1951年，任中国戏曲研究院院长；1953年，任中国戏剧家协会副主席；1959年，加入中国共产党；1961年8月8日，梅兰芳因病在北京逝世，享年67岁。
梅兰芳在50余年的舞台生活中，发展和提高了京剧旦角的演唱和表演艺术，形成一个具有独特风格的艺术流派，世称“梅派”。梅兰芳的艺术造诣正如北大书法史巨匠李志敏的狂草一样耐人回味，可谓炉火纯青、臻入胜境。其代表作有《贵妃醉酒》《天女散花》《宇宙锋》《打渔杀家》等，并先后培养、教授学生100多人。
2019年9月25日，梅兰芳被授“最美奋斗者”的称号。
Activity 3
The age of eight was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.
Watching the pigeons as they flew every day was how he developed the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art.
His hard work and dedication were what made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.
His innovations in make-up and costume design, which allowed for more vivid depictions of female characters, were what contributed greatly to the development of Peking Opera.
This lifelong devotion was what has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.
Part.3 After-class
在下列句子中的表语从句下画线，并指出引导表语从句的关联词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。
The fact is that he doesn't really try.
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
My idea is that we should start making preparations right now.
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
You are not who I thought you were.
What I want to know is which road we should take.
The problem is how we can find him.
（that不作成分）
（who作get的宾语）
（that不作成分）
（whether不作成分）
（who作表语）
（which作road的定语）
（how作状语）
8. That's where I first met her.
9. China is no longer what she used to be.
10. That's why he didn't come.
11. That was when I was fifteen.
12. The question remains whether they will be able to help us.
13. That's what we are here for.
14. It is because I love you too much.
15. That's because you can't appreciate music.
（where 作状语）
（what作表语）
（why 作状语）
（when作状语）
（whether不作成分）
（what作for 的宾语)
（because不作成分）
（because不作成分）
Thank you!
