Unit 9 When was it invented精美导学案
【课题】 Unit 9 Section A 1a-Grammar Focus (1课时)
【学习目标】学习一般过去时的被动语态和特殊疑问句。
【重点、难点】一般过去时态的被动语态的结构及其用法。
【导学指导】
温故知新 复习被动语态构成:
助动词be的各种形式:一般过去时态 一般现在时态
一般将来时态 现在完成时态 现在进行时态
一般过去时态的被动语态构成:
一般现在时态的被动语态构成:
含有情态动词的被动语态构成:
完成下列句子:
1.Teenagers should (allow) to choose their own clothes.
2.My son (not allow) to watch TV every night.
3.The flowers (water) by the students yesterday.
自主互助学习
一、自主预习
1.词汇检测:译一译,读一读,记一记
1)发明,创造 2)可调整的 3)加热,使变热 4)用来做
5)calculator 6)scoop 7)heel 8)battery
9)operate 10)battery-operated 11)slipper
2. 根据所学知识或查阅资料完成1a中五种发明的先后顺序.
3. 根据所学知识或查阅资料完成1b中五种发明的年代。
二、听力导学
1. 小组讨论1b后,放录音完成1b.
2. 听录音内容,完成2a,2b.(听2b前,先猜一猜三种发明相对应的用途是哪项)。
3. 重放录音,跟读录音内容。
三、合作探究
1.辨析 :invent & discover
invent是及物动词,“发明”,指发明以前根本不存在的新事物。
discover也是及物动词“发现”,指发现了原来已经存在的但不为人知的东西。
1) He always strives to something new.
2) He America in 1492.
拓展 :invent —— (n.)—— (n.)
2. be used for 意为“被用于……”,介词for表示用途,后接名词,代词或v-ing .
拓展 :1)be used by “被……使用”,介词by后面接动作的执行者。
2) be used as “被当作……而使用”,介词as表示“作为”,后面常接名词。
3) be used to do sth. “被用来做……”,强调动作。
4) used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”。
5) be/get used to sth./doing sth. “习惯于某事或干某事”。
跟踪练习:
1) The knife cutting meat.
2) Computers search information.
3)"Study" here a "noun", which means a room for study and work.
4) My mother ________________getting up early.
5) English _________________________most people around.
6) He ___________________like watching TV,now he likes playing computer games.
3. Shoes with adjustable heels . 后跟可调式鞋子。
adjustable 形容词,“可调节的”。able为形容词词缀,常跟在动词后派生为形容词。例:
enjoy — enjoyable comfort — comfortable 类似的还有
【要点归纳】一般过去时态的被动语态的结构及其用法。
【课堂练习】
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
Woolen clothes are used for __________(keep) warm.
My favorites are those shoes with __________(adjust) heels.
I think the computer was _________(invent) before TV.
He is used to ________(get) up early in the morning.
Edison was a great _________(invent). He had 1093 _________ (invent) during his lifetime.
二、单项选择
( )1. In the modern world, cars are more and more widely in people’s lives.
A.use B.using C.used D.to use
( )2.The glass ______. It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken
( )3. —What do you call this in English —It’s a stamp. It is used ______ sending.
A. for B. to C with D. by
( )4. Last year, LiHua, a college student, _______ to work for the Shanghai Expo.
A. is choosing B. is chosen C. was choosing D. was chosen
( )5.—When _____this kind of computer ______ —Last year.
A. did, invent B. was, invented C. is, invent D. are, invented
( )6.Mike wasn’t at home yesterday. He _______ to help with Jenny’s English.
A. was asking B. is asked C. is asking D. was asked
( )7.Columbus _______America in 1492.
A. invents B. invented C. discovers D. discovered
( )8._____ the new library _______ in our school last year
A. Is, built B. Was, built C. Does, build D. Did, build
【总结反思】
【课题】 Unit 9 Section A 3a-4 (1课时)
【学习目标】
熟练掌握被动语态的用法,学会用被动语态表达对创造和发明事物的认识和看法。
【重点、难点】
熟练掌握和运用对创造、发明事物的认识和看法的句型结构。
【导学指导】
导入新课 各自把家里的发明物列出来,小组讨论交流哪些是最有用的;哪些是讨厌、烦人的。
自主互助学习
一、自主预习
1. 词汇检测:译一译,读一读,背一背
1)电灯泡 2)闹钟 3)有用的发明 4)烦人的发明
5)小岛 6)microwave oven
2. 自主预习3a,完成表格内容。
二、合作互动
1. 讨论自主预习2,3a中所填答案。
2. 小组合作完成3b的对话。
3. 小组讨论Section B 4, 并把各小组讨论的成果展示给全班。
三、合作探究
1. What do you think is the most helpful invention 你认为什么是最有用的发明?
1)“do you think ”,作插入语,附加解释说明或总结,表示说话人的态度和看法。
其结构为:“疑问词 + do you think + 正常语序”。
2)helpful形容词,“有帮助的,有益的”,类似的词有:
2. I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day.
辩一辩:because, since, as 与 for
because意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句,构成句子的主要部分,表示主从句之间有必然的因果关系,可回答why提问的问句。
since, as均为从属连词,如果原因已为人们所知,或原因不如句子其他部分重要,就用as或since. since比as稍正式些,从句一般放在主句前面。
for 是并列连词,for 分句只位于句末,前面有逗号,该分句是对前一分句所述情况作推测性的说明和解释。
跟踪练习:Mary missed the train __________she arrived late.
It’ll rain, __________the sky is dark.
_________we live near the river, we can often go swimming in summer.
【课堂练习】
单项填空
( )1. Some people think the alarm clock is an ________ invention.
A. annoy B. annoying C. annoyed D. interested
( )2. We must start early, ________we have a long way to go.
A. because B. for C. since D. as
( )3. Which invention do you think is more helpful, the computer _____the car
A. and B. so C. but D. or
( )4.English ______ by over 400 million people around the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. are spoken D. speak
( )5. I think ________invention is the light bulb because it makes people work and play more time every day.
A. the most helpful B. the least helpful C. helpful D. annoying
( )6. It ___that scientists have found the reason ____Edison was clever.
A. said, that B. said, why
C. is said, that D. is said, why
( )7.—When do you think the machine _______ —In 1890.
A. is invent B. were invented C. was invent D. was invented
( )8. The PRC ______on October 1, 1949. The year of 2011 is her ninetieth birthday.
A. is found B. was found C. was founded D. was set up
【要点归纳】
对创造、发明事物的认识和看法的句型结构
【拓展练习】
完形填空
The computer was one of the most important inventions of last century. The
first computer was as large as a room. Now some computers are as 1 as TV sets. Some computers can even be made smaller 2 a book.
About 20 years ago, the computer was a strange machine in China. Not many people 3 it. But it was 4 all the time. In 1984, when Deng Xiaoping watched two pupils on the computers in Shanghai, he said that computer lessons 5 start from children. So there was the first computer book for middle school students. Now in Shanghai 6 all middle schools have classrooms 7 computer courses. Some of the students now have their own computers at home. With the help of Internet, they can learn about the world 8 .
Now computers are 9 used in banks, factories, airports and so on. The computer is coming into everyone’s 10 , so it is important for us to learn how to use a computer properly.
( )1. A. huge B. small C. great D. little
( )2. A. as B. like C. than D. about
( )3. A. understand B. understood C. learn D. learnt
( )4. A. changing B. moving C. turning D. happening
( )5. A. can B. may C. shall D. could
( )6. A. most B. almost C. only D. no
( )7. A. for B. of C. with D. on
( )8. A. much quick B. much quickly C. more quick D. more quickly
( )9. A. recently B. widely C. slowly D. carefully
( )10. A. life B. live C. lives D. living
【总结反思】
【课题】 Unit 9 Section B 1 a-2 c (1课时)
【学习目标】 1.听力训练。2.了解署条发明的过程。3. 掌握重点词汇及句型。
【重点、难点】 听力技能提高及重点词汇、句型的运用。
【导学指导】
导入新课 小组讨论同伴的过去、现在的情况并预测将来。
自主互助学习
一、自主预习
1.词汇检测:译一译,背一背
1)脆的,易碎的 2)咸的,含盐的 3)酸的 4)厨师
5)错误地 6)最后 7)potato chips 8)sprinkle
2. 自主预习Section B ,1a & 1b.
二、合作探究
1.The potato chips were invented by mistake.土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。
mistake n. 错误,误会,过失
【拓展】1) mistake n. 错误,误会,过失 例如:
It was a mistake buying that car. 买那辆车是个错误。
2)by mistake 表示“错误地(因粗心、遗忘等所致)”。
Sorry, I took your bag . 对不起,我错拿了你的手提包。
3) mistake v. 误解,弄错 mistake ... for “错把……当作……”例如:
I mistake her her sister. 我把她错认为是她妹妹。
2. the customer thought the potatoes weren’t thin enough. 顾客认为土豆(片)不够薄。
enough adj. 足够的 修饰形容词或副词时要放在修饰词之后;但它修饰名词时则放在名词之前; 例如:
We didn’t leave . 我们离开得不够早。
We haven’t got . 我们没有足够的时间。
3.George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让那位顾客高兴。
make v. 使……怎么样, 其后往往带复合宾语,常用句型如下:
1)主语+make+宾语+名词(做宾补)。例如:
The boss can make the young man . 那个老板能使那个年轻人变为一个富翁。
2)主语+make+宾语+形容词(做宾补)。例如:
The news made her . 这消息使她很高兴。
3)make 之后也可节省略to 的不定式做宾语的补足语,其句型为: “主语+ make+宾语+do sth”。 例如:
Nothing will make me my mind. 无论什么事都不能使我改变主意。
4.George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. George Crum将它们做了很长时间,直到它们变脆了。
until常用作介词或连词,用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。
1)在肯定句中,until与延续性、持续性动词连用,表示“直到……为止”。
I late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。
2)在否定句中,until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用,表示“直到……才……”,“不到……不……”。The rain stop midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。
I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我,我不会离开。(until= )
5. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were salty. (P71) 然后,他在上面撒很多盐,这样它们就咸了。
salt是不可数名词,其形容词是salty。在英语中,很多名词后加-y可以构成形容词,表示“充满/包含……”,如cloud— , sun— , rain— , sleep— 等。
三、听力导学
1.听前准备
1)2a 让学生先把六个句子默读一遍,弄懂各句含义。
2)2b 结合2a 的句子,猜一猜2b中空格的内容。
2.听录音,根据录音内容完成2a,2b的任务。
3.重放录音,跟读内容。
四、合作学习
1. 小组讨论交流听力材料的内容,能复述整个故事。
2.小组合作完成2c的对话。
【课堂练习】
单项填空
( )1. Potato chips were invented ___________(错误地).
A.by accident B. by chance C. by mistake D. for mistakes
( )2. Helen is ________to look after herself.
A. old enough B. young enough C. enough old D. young enough
( )3. The chips are very __________, so I like them very much.
A. well B. bad C. delicious D. expensive
( )4. He doesn’t have good eyes. He often mistakes red ________green.
A. as B. to C. with D. for
( )5. _____ , he finished the work well.
A. At the end B. By the end C. In the end D. Final
【要点归纳】小组讨论同伴的过去、现在的情况并预测将来。
【拓展练习】
词语释义
( )1. I didn’t stop watching TV until 11:00 last weekends.
A. before B. after C. at D. to
( )2. The chef is the best one in our town.
A. boss B. waiter C. cook D. cooker
( )3. Potato chips were invented by a man called George Crum.
A. phoned B. named C. rang D. telephoned
【总结反思】
【课题】 Unit 9 Section B 3a-Self Check (1课时)
【学习目标】 1.了解茶的发明过程。2. 继续学习一般过去时的被动语态的结构及运用。
3. 掌握重点词汇及句型的运用。
【重点、难点】一般过去时的被动语态的结构及运用和掌握重点词汇及句型的运用。
【导学指导】
温故知新 小组讨论复述署条的发明过程。
自主互助学习
一、自主预习
1. 词汇检测:译一译,读一读,记一记
1)偶然地 2)根据,按照 3)落入,陷入 4)混合物
5)这样 6)注意到 7)生产,制造 8)令人愉快的
9)古代的 10)留下,遗留 11)飞碟 12)投,掷
13)馅饼 14) 世纪,百年 15) 味道 16)bush 17)bakery
18)lemon 19)cookie 20) beverage 21)legend
2. 快速阅读3a的文章,回答课本上四个问题。
3.自主预习完成Self Check 1 的四个习题。
4.自己查阅资料,完成Self Check 2.
二、合作探究
1. Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world(after water), was invented by accident 你知道茶---世界上(在水之后)最受欢迎的饮料,是被意外地发明的吗?
accident n. 意外的事; 偶然的事
【拓展】1)accident n. 意外的事; 偶然的事 ; event n. 指重大事件。
Dr Martin Luther King’s death was one of the most important __________in modern American history. 马丁. 路德.金 的死在美国现代历史上是最重要的事件之一。
He was killed in a . 他在一起交通事故中丧生。
2) by accident 同义词组为 by chance, 意为:偶然,无意中 例如:
I met her in a crowded bus. 我意外地在拥挤的公共汽车中遇见她。
2. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里,并留在那里很长时间。
1) fall into在这里是“落入、陷入”的意思。
Some ash my cup. 一些灰掉进我的杯子里了。
2)remain v.表示“继续、依然、停留”,后面接名词,动词不定式。
He remained a prisoner for the rest of his life. 他的余生都在牢中度过。
3)remain还有“剩下、残余”的意思。
I can’t go to the cinema because I have a lot of homework remained undone.
我不能去看电影,因为我还有很多作业未做。
3.The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell.
1)notice v. 注意,注意到 例如:I noticed (that) he left late. 我注意到他走得很晚。
2)notice n. 布告,公告,告示,启示 例如:Put up a notice, please. 请张贴个布告。
3)notice 后还可接复合宾语即notice sb. do/doing sth. 接不定式时,指看到一个动作或一件事情的全过程。接动词-ing形式则指看到或听到一个正在进行的动作,而不是全过程。
I noticed Tom (play)football on the play ground. 我注意到汤姆在操场上踢足球。
He didn’t notice me (carry)a big box when I came into the room. 当我走进房间时,他没有注意到我扛着一个大箱子。
4)produce v. 生产,制造,表示“制造”时, 与make较为接近。例如:
He worked hard (produce)good crops from poor soil. 他辛勤耕作,为使贫瘠的土地上长出好庄稼。The factory (produce) toys. 这家工厂生产玩具。
4.Later he decided to taste the hot mixture.
1)taste 品尝,作行为动词。例如:
Have you ever (taste)horse meat 你尝过马肉吗?
2)taste 品尝 ,作系动词。 例如:The cake (taste)good. 蛋糕尝起来味道很好。
5. And in this way, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented.就这样,世界上最受欢迎的一种饮料产生了。
way n. 方法 。本句中的in the way意为“就这样”,“以这种方式”
_______, you will find the answer to this question. 用这种方法,你可以找到这个问题的答案。
【拓展】way主要有以下几种用法:
1)表示“方法”,接不定式,...way to do sth这一结构等于...way of doing sth。
There are many ways of traveling(= ), for example, by air. 旅行有许多方式,例如乘飞机。
2)表示“路途”,“路线”,常构成on one’s/the way to...“在……的途中”。在这一结构中,介词to表示方向,后接名词。如果后面接地点副词如here, there, home时则不用to。
I’m home.我正在回家的路上。
3)表示“方向”。Look this way.看这边。Go that way.往那边走。
4)表示“距离”,“路程”。 Beijing is a long way from here.北京离这里很远。
6. 1950s 意为 “20世纪50 年代。”如: 1840s 21世纪 60年代 __________
三、合作学习
1.小组讨论交流,完成3b的任务。 2.小组合作完成4a。
【课堂练习】 小组讨论复述茶的发明过程。
【要点归纳】一般过去时的被动语态的结构及运用和掌握重点词汇及句型的运用。
【拓展练习】
把下列句中的汉语翻译成英语。
Mike met his old friend _________ (意外地) on a crowded bus .
_________ (这样),you can get rid of the dirty marks.
I took your umbrella _________ (错误地) yesterday.
Alone in London, without work, without friends, he _________( 陷入) despair (绝望).
The boys were divided into three groups _________(根据,按照)their height.
【总结反思】
【课题】 Unit 9 Section B Reading (1课时)
【学习目标】 1.通过阅读这篇文章,了解篮球运动如何被发明出来。
2.学习文章中出现的重点单词,词组和句型。
【重点、难点】了解篮球运动如何被发明出来,学习文章中出现的重点单词,词组和句型。
【导学指导】
导入新课 小组讨论列出八种国内流行的运动,并把它们按流行程度排序。
自主互助学习
一、自主预习
1. 词汇检测:译一译,读一读,记一记
1)活泼的,积极的 2)在户内 3)创作,创建 4)木制的
5)分开的,划分 6)目的,目标 7)篮筐 8)金属 9)流行
10)在……下面 11)指导,带领 12)向着,朝着 13)(使)发展
14)上升 15)rank 16)hoop 17)shoot 18) blackboard
19)court 20) worldwide 21)association 22)equipment
23)knock into 24)wooden floor 25) the number of
2. 快速阅读文章,从文章中找到3a的答案。
3.快速阅读文章,回答3b中四个问题。
二、知识点拨
1. Dr Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams, and taught them how to play his new game.奈斯密斯医生把他的学生分成两组,并教他们如何玩他的新游戏。
本句中的divide...into是动介短语,意为 ,其中divide是及物动词。 如:
My father divided the cake into four pieces. 我爸爸把蛋糕分成4块。
2. It is believed that on December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played.人们认为1891年12月21日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。
1)本句中的It is believed that... 相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为”的意思,that引导的是主语从句。It is believed +that从句。是英语中的常用句型,用在不知道动作believe的执行者或没有必要说出动作的执行者的情况下。类似用法的还有:It is said /hoped/reported…+ that从句. (据说/希望/据报道……) 如:
It that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.人们都认为到2010年,世界人口将达到七十亿。
It that some people have seen the aliens. 据说,有些人见到过外星人。
2)believe意为“相信”,“认为”,一般表示相信某人是诚实的或某事是真实的,后面可以接名词、代词、从句或复合结构作宾语。
I just could not believe my eyes. 我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。
Scientists believe that whales can live for twenty to thirty years.
科学家们认为鲸可以活二十到三十年。
3. the number of 和 a number of 的用法区别:
1)the number of的意思是“……的数量”,后接可数名词复数,该短语作主语时,谓语动词用
数。例如:The number of the students in our class forty-five. 我们班上学生的数目是45。a number of = , 意思是“许多,若干”,后接 数名词,谓语通常用 数。例如:a number of students in our school from the countryside.我们学校许多学生来自农村。
4.take part in 和join 的用法区别:
两者都可作“参加”之意,但使用场合不同。take part in后加群众性活动、会议等,参加者持积极态度,并起一定的作用。join后加团体、组织、党派等名词,表示“加入……”即成为……的一员之意。练一练:He the Party last year. 他去年入了党。Did you the meeting yesterday 你昨天的会议参加了吗?join后也可加表示人的名词(代词)表示“参加(某人的)某项活动”。例如:We are having dinner at a restaurant. Would you like to join us 我们正在一家餐馆吃饭,你想来和我们一起吃饭吗?
【课堂练习】 罗列并熟记文中的重点短语句型。
【要点归纳】了解篮球运动如何被发明出来,学习文章中出现的重点单词,词组和句型。
【拓展练习】
单项选择
( )1.It is that he’ll come here.
A. say B. supposed C. believe D. expect
( )2.— boys come to swim. Do you know of them —Yes, I do.
A. A number of, a number B. The number of, a number
C. The number, numbers of D.A number of, the number
( )3.We should take an part in after-school activities.
A. active B. Activity C. actively D. inactive
( )4.The house-price keeps all the time in recent years.
A. going B. rising C. raising D. lifting
( )5.China is a country. Japan is a country.
A. developed, developing B. developing, developed
C. development, developing D. develops, develop
( )6. Yesterday Li Ping knocked a big tree.
A. into B. in C. on D. onto
( )7. We are going to divide the class small groups.
A. to B. in C. of D .into
( )8. _____ is believed that Bell invented the first telephone in1876.
A. This B. That C. It D. One
【总结反思】