课件30张PPT。Unit 3 GomputersSectionⅠ Warming Up & Reading—Pre-readingStep
4Step
3Step
2Step
1Step
51．In our daily life, the computer and the Internet play an
important role, what ways do you think the computer can
help us?
2．Who do you think is the founder of the world wide web?
Please read the following passage to get the answer.? Most people have never heard of Tim Berners-Lee. He is not nearly as rich or famous as Marc Andreessen, who is the founder of Netscape, or Bill Gates, whose name has become a well-known word.
Berners-Lee, who works in a small office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is the creator of the World Wide Web. The creation of the Web is so important that some people compare Berners-Lee to Johann Gutenberg, who invented printing by movable type (活字) in the fifteenth century. Berners-Lee was born in England in 1955. His parents, who helped design the world's first commercially (商业地) available computer, gave him a great love of mathematics and learning.
In 1980, Berners-Lee went to work at CERN, a physics laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland, where he had a lot of material to learn quickly. He had a poor memory for facts and wanted to find a way to help him keep track (轨道) ofthings he couldn't remember. He invented a software program that allowed him to create a document that had links to other documents. He continued to develop his idea through the 1980s. He wanted to find a way to connect the knowledge and creativity of people all over the world. In 1991, his project became known as the World Wide Web. The number of Internet users started to grow quickly. However, Berners-Lee is not completely happy with the way the Web has developed. He thinks it has become a passive tool for so many people, not the tool for creativity that he had imagined.1．Look at the following picture, can you name some
parts of the computer?答案：(1)host computer (2)monitor (3)screen
(4)keyboard (5)mouse (6)speaker2. Match the words with their meanings.
(1)A monitor is A．the part of a computer that
stores information.
(2)The screen is B．the part of the computer that
you type on.
(3)A keyboard is C．the part of the computer that
looks like a television
(4)A mouse is D．something you use to click on
things (files, etc.)．(5)A CD-ROM is E．the part of the monitor that you look
at.
(6)A hard disk is F．the main device that a computer uses
to store information.
答案：(1)C (2)E (3)B (4)D (5)A (6)FScan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．In 1936, Alan Turing wrote a book about________.
A．how to simplify difficult sums
B．how the computer could be made to work as a
“universal machine”
C．how to build an analytical machine
D．how to change the computer's shape
答案：B2．Why did the computer totally change its shape?
A．Because the computer could do many things.
B．Because the computer could simplify sums.
C．Because its memory improved.
D．Because the computer never forgot anything.
答案：C3．How long did it take before the computer was built as
an analytical machine?
A．500 years. B．300 years.
C．100 years. D．200 years.
答案：D
4．According to the last paragraph，which was not
mentioned in the use of the computer?
A．Mobile phones. B．Rockets.
C．Bikes. D．Robots.
答案：C5.How can you understand the underlined word?
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for
me.
A．a formal request for sth.
B．the practical use of sth.
C．an act of spreading sth.
D．an act of making a rule
答案：B1．Read the text and then do the following exercises.
Write out the main idea of the text.
This is a short of the of
computers.
2．Look at these inventions.Can you put them in an order
according to the time when they appeared?historydevelopment答案：DAFBCE3．Read the text and then fill in the blanks.Overtime I have been changed quite a lotuniversal machinetubestransistorsWorld Wide Webthe 1970scommunicationspace rocketsFill in the blanks according to the text.
I began as a 1. machine in 1642.It took nearly two hundred years 2.________ I was built as an analytical machine.I became a “universal machine” in 1936 to 3.________ any mathematical problem. I was very big at one time.However, as time 4. ， I was made smaller and smaller.I was given a family 5. by a network in the early 1960s. I was able to 6.________ my knowledge with others 7.________ the World Wide Web.calculatingbeforesolvewent byconnectedsharethrough I have been widely used in many fields, such as in communication, 8.________， trade and medical 9. .I have also been put into robots and space rockets to 10.________ the Moon and Mars. I'm glad I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race.financeoperationsexploreEvery coin has two sides, so does the Internet.Talk about the advantages and disadvantages about the Internet.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
参考答案：Advantages：
(1)No matter how far it is, we can communicate with our friends by Internet.
(2)We can collect related information for our lessons.
(3)We can watch movies and listen to music, which makes our life interesting and colourful.(4)We can do shopping on the Internet.
Disadvantages：
(1)If we play computers for a long time, it is bad for our eyes and health.
(2)It is a waste of time and money.
(3)Make people isolate from their friends.
(4)Some people especially the teenagers are crazy about the computer games and chatting on the Internet.As a result，they have little time to study.(5)Some people use the computer wrongly.
Conclusion：
There is no doubt that computers have two sides, too.If we make good use of it, it will make our lives more colorful and convenient.But don't lose yourself in playing computers.Just remember: Keep fit, study well and work hard.课件49张PPT。语言点一
单词集释板块语言点二
短语荟萃板块课时跟踪检测语言点三
句型解构板块识记
·
掌握理解·
拓展应用·
落实识记
·
掌握理解·
拓展应用·
落实识记
·
掌握理解·
拓展应用·
落实Unit 3 ComputersSectionⅡ Warming Up & Reading—Language PointsA：词义配对
1．simplify A．anyway
2．reality B．what actually happens or is true
3．total C．to travel around an area to find out
more about it
4．application D．to work out the answer to a problem
5．goal E．to make sth. easier to do or understand
6．solve F．something that you hope to achieve7．explore G．the practical use of sth., especially a
theory, discovery, etc.
8．anyhow H．the final number of things or people etc.
when everything has been counted
答案：1～5 EBHGF 6～8 DCAB：用所给词的适当形式填空
9．Using a can help you the size of the
field quickly. (calculate)
10．The gorilla (大猩猩) is an animal and its
is almost as high as a human being.
(intelligent)
11． , it's impolite to care too much about one's
life.(personal)calculatorcalculateintelligentintelligencePersonallypersonal1．solve vt.解决；解答
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing,
wrote a book about how I could be made to work as
a “universal machine” to solve any difficult
mathematical problem.
在1936年，我真正的父亲，艾伦·图灵写了一本书，
讲述了怎样能使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何
数学难题。(鲜活例句) I don't think money can solve all problems.
我认为钱不能解决所有问题。
(鲜活例句) I think this problem is not difficult to solve.
我认为这个问题不难解决。(二)归纳拓展全析考点solution n． 解决办法；处理手段
a solution to ... ……的解决方法It may take a long time to find the problem.
要找到解决这个问题的办法也许要花很长时间。a solution to [活学活用]
Only when we are united the problem. (solve)
只有团结，我们才能解决这个问题。can we solve2．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) First as a PC (personal computer) and then
as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since
the 1970s.
自20世纪70年代以来，我一直被用在办公室和家庭里。
先是用作个人电脑，后来又做成便携式。
(鲜活例句) Of course, this is just a personal opinion.
当然，这只是个人意见。 (二)归纳拓展全析考点personality n． 性格；个性；人格
personally adv. 就个人而言；亲自①As far as I know, his wife has a strong personality.
据我所知，他妻子的个性很强。
② , I am against his suggestion.
就我个人来说，我是反对他的建议的。Personally3．explore v．探索；探究；探测；考察；探险
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) I have even been put into space rockets and
sent to explore the Moon and Mars.
我还被放置在航空火箭里去探测月球和火星。
(鲜活例句) Some day, I will go to explore the Mars.
总有一天，我要去探索火星。
(鲜活例句) The scientists are exploring all possible
ways to improve food production.
科学家们正在探究所有可能提高食品产量的方法。
(鲜活例句) We explored several solutions to the
problem.
我们探讨了几种解决该问题的方法。 (二)归纳拓展全析考点explorer n． 探险者；勘探员
exploration n． [C，U] 探索This book is about .
这本书是关于宇宙探索的。space exploration[活学活用]
He looked around and waited a little while
the island. (explore)
他向四周看了看，等了一会儿他才决定探索这座岛屿。before he decided to explore4．anyhow ＝ anyway adv.不管怎样；无论如何；即使如此
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with
a life of high quality.
不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。
(鲜活例句) Anyhow you must tell me the truth.
无论如何，你必须告诉我真相。
(鲜活例句) So anyhow, as I was saying, when I arrived
Tom was already there.
所以不管怎样，正如我所说，我到的时候汤姆已经在那
儿了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点somehow adv. 以某种方式；用某种方法；不知为什么We must get the work finished by tomorrow morning.
我们必须设法在明天早上以前把工作做完。somehow1．from ... 从……时起
2． a result 结果
3．so ... ... 如此……以至于……
4．as as ... 也；和；既……又……
5．have sth. common 有共同之处
6．compare ... ... 把……与……相比
7．provide sb. sth. 为某人提供某物
8．share sth. sb. 与某人分享某物
9．go 走过；经过
10．human 人类onas thatwellinwithwithwithbyrace 1．have ... in common与……有共同点；与……共有
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) In pairs discuss what they have in common.
成对讨论它们有什么共同点。
(鲜活例句) They found that they had a lot in common.
他们发现他们有很多共同之处。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)have sth./much/a lot/nothing/little in common with ...
与……有……/许多/很多
/无/几乎无共同之处
(2)in common with 与……相同①Do you have anything in common with each other?
你们彼此之间有共同之处吗？
②Though they are twins they
each other.
尽管他们是双胞胎，他们彼此没有什么共同之处。
③ many young people, he prefers pop music to classical music.
和许多年轻人一样，他更喜欢流行音乐，不太喜欢古典音乐。have nothing in common withIn common with[活学活用]
We often talk about . (what)
我们经常谈论我们的相似点。what we have in common2．from ... on从……时起
(教材原句) From then on, I grew rapidly both in size
and in brainpower.
从那时起，我在体积和智能方面迅速成长。
①From then on he refused to talk about it.
从那时起，他拒绝谈那件事。② , we should pay more attention to protecting the environment.
从现在起，我们应该更加注意保护环境。
③From tomorrow on I will be a happy man.
从明天起，我要做一个快乐的人。From now on3．as a result结果；因此
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) As a result I totally changed my shape.
因此，我已经完全改变了我的形状。
(鲜活例句) The traffic was very heavy and as a result I
arrived late.
交通非常拥挤，结果我迟到了。
(鲜活例句) He made a big mistake, and, as a result, lost
his job.
他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。 (二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 as a result, as a result of用as a result和as a result of填空
① exercise, he has built up his body.
由于锻炼，他已强身健体。
②The conditions are poor; , the workers left. ＝ The workers left the poor conditions.
由于条件太差，工人们离开了。As a result ofas a resultas a result of 点击下图片进入“应用·落实”1．[句型展示] Although I was young I could simplify
difficult sums.
尽管当时我还年轻，但我能简化一些复杂的数学题。
[典例背诵] Although he is only a child, he knows a lot.
尽管他只是个孩子，他知道很多事情。 2．[句型展示] I developed very slowly and it took nearly
two hundred years before I was built as an analytical
machine by Charles Babbage.
我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇
才把我制成了一台分析机。
[典例背诵] She didn't work hard and it didn't take
long before she was fired.
她不努力工作，不久就被解雇了。3．[句型展示] As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被做得越来越小。
[典例背诵] These changes only became possible as my
memory improved.
这些变化只有随着我的存储能力的不断提高才能成为
可能。4．[句型展示] Over time my memory has developed so
much that,_like an elephant, I never forget anything I
have been told!
随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就
像一头大象一样，从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！
[典例背诵] There were so many mistakes in his article
that I didn't understand what he really wanted to say.
他的文章里错误太多，我不明白他到底想说什么。1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred
years before I was built as an analytical machine by
Charles Babbage.
我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才
把我制成了一台分析机。
1)本句中before 引导时间状语从句。before 引导时间状
语从句时可以根据语境译作“要过多久/过了多久
才……”。①Three weeks went by before she realized her mistakes.
三周过去了，她才意识到自己的错误。
②Before I could say a word, he had rushed out of the room.
我还没来得及说句话，他就冲出了房间。2)before构成的句型主要有：
(1)It is/was not long before＋从句 不久就……
(2)It will not be long before＋从句 过不了多久就……(主句用将来时，从句用一般时)
(3)It will be long before＋从句 要过很久才……③It was not long before she got everything ready.
不久，她就把一切都准备好了。
④It we get used to the new school life.
不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。will not be long before2．As time went by, I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被做得越来越小。
句中as 引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”的意思，表示
主句和从句的谓语动词的动作同时发生。
①As you grow older，you will know better about
yourself.
随着年龄的增长，你会越来越了解自己。
②As time goes by, he has changed a lot.
随着时间的流逝，他已改变了许多。[点津] as引导的时间状语从句也可以用with time going by 替换。
③As time went by, his theory proved to be true.
＝ , his theory proved to be true.
随着时间的推移，他的理论得到了证明。
比较 as，withWith time going by用as和with填空
① our life improves, we find more and more time entertaining.
随着生活水平的提高，我们发现娱乐时间越来越多。
② the wealth of the country increasing，more waste will be produced.
随着国家财富的增加，更多的垃圾也会产生。AsWith点击下图片进入“应用·落实”点击下图片进入“课时跟踪检测”课件52张PPT。语言点一
单词集释板块语言点二
短语荟萃板块课时跟踪检测语言点三
句型解构板块识记
·
掌握理解·
拓展应用·
落实识记
·
掌握理解·
拓展应用·
落实识记
·
掌握理解·
拓展应用·
落实Unit 3 ComputersSectionⅢ Learning about Language &Using Language语篇理解
课文自读板块Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What's the main idea of this passage?
A．The robots can play football match as well as
human beings.
B．Chips have been put into robots or androids.
C．The robot can play well by itself.
D．Nobody can play better than the robot made in Japan.
答案：B2．What does the writer like playing?
A．Basketball. B．Football.
C．Volleyball. D．Tennis.
答案：B
3．What can the writer be?
A．A robot player.
B．A coach.
C．A girl player.
D．A boy student.
答案：A 4．Why can the writer move and think like a human?
A．His teacher helps him move and think like a
human.
B．A striker helps him move and think like a human.
C．His friends help him move and think like a human.
D．His computer chips help him to move and think like
a human.
答案：D 5．What does the writer hope to do?
A．He hopes to travel like a human.
B．He hopes to play against a national team.
C．He hopes to play against a human team.
D．He hopes to play against a robot team.
答案：C根据英文释义和首字母提示写出单词
1． (vt.) to move information to your computer
from a computer or the Internet
2． (n.) a sound or action that you make in order to
give information to someone or tell them to do sth.
3． (n.) a class or group of people or things that share
particular qualities or features
4． (vi.) come into existence; get up; stand up
5． (n.) all the qualities and features that make
a person, groups of people, and places different from
othersdownload signaltypearisecharacter1．signal
(1)vt. & vi.发信号；发暗号；示意
(教材原句) For example, I have learned to signal to my
teammates in computer language to give me the ball
when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.
例如，当我启动的时候，我可以用计算机语言向队友示
意把球传给我，这样可以有一个漂亮的射门。signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal to sb. 向某人示意
signal (sb.) that 示意……①She was signalling (to) the children to stay outside.
她在向孩子们打手势，要他们留在外面。
②He the waiter for the bill.
他示意服务员结账。
③He it was time to leave.
他示意该走了。signaled (to) signalled thata danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号
traffic signals 交通信号灯
make/give a signal 发信号(2)n.信号；暗号④All I get is a busy signal whenever I dial his number.
我什么时候拨他的电话听到的都是忙音。
⑤She with her arm for a left turn.
她用手臂做了个向左转的信号。made a signal[活学活用]
I looked at my uncle and saw to follow him. (signal)
我看着我的叔叔，看见他在示意我跟着他。him signaling (to) me2．arise vi.(arose, arisen)出现；发生；起床；起身
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a
new situation arises.
然后如果有新的情况发生，她准备着使用可靠的动作。
(鲜活例句) I thought it would be easy, but a lot of
problems have arisen.
我本来认为事情很容易，但是出现了很多问题。 (二)归纳拓展全析考点arise from/out of ... 由……引起；因……产生
arise from the seat 从座位上站起来As we all know, car accidents carelessness.
众所周知，交通事故是由于粗心大意而产生的。arise from(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 arise, rise, raise用arise, rise和raise填空
①He his arms to protect his face from being hurt.
他举起手臂去保护脸免遭伤害。
②We did not start until the sun in the east.
直到太阳从东方升起，我们才出发。
③Misunderstanding is likely to if people fail to communicate with each other.
如果人们不能彼此沟通的话，就有可能发生误解。raisedrose arise[活学活用]
If there is any indication , immediate action should be taken. (arise)
如果有迹象表明出现了问题，应该立即采取措施。that a problem has arisen3．character
(1)n. [U]性格；特点
①As far as I know, he has a strong character.
据我所知，他是一位性格坚强的人。
②Students should take part in outdoor activities，which is
good for character building.
学生应该参加户外活动，这对性格培养有好处。③The two towns are similar in size but very different
.
这两个城镇规模差不多，但特点各异。
(2)n. [C]文字；符号
④I find that Chinese characters are very beautiful.
我觉得汉字很漂亮。in character1．make good use 好好利用；充分利用
2．be crazy 对……着迷
3．give 赠送；捐赠；泄露
4． a way 在某种程度上
5． the help of 在……的帮助下
6．deal 处理；安排；对付
7．watch 看守；监视
8． all 毕竟
9．consist 由……组成
10．come 实现ofaboutawayinwithwithover afteroftrue1．in a way (＝ in one way/in some ways)从某一角度看；在
某种程度上
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) In a way our programmer is like our coach.
从某种程度上讲，我们的程序员就好像是我们的教练。
(鲜活例句) In a way I agree with what you said at the
meeting.
在某种程度上，我同意你在会上的发言。
(鲜活例句) The newcomer is easy to get along with in a
way.
从某方面来看，这个新来的人很好相处。(二)归纳拓展全析考点in the way 挡路
on one's way (to) 在去……的路上
in no way 决不(置于句首，句子要倒装)
no way 没门①The car is in the way, causing the traffic jam.
小汽车挡路了，造成了交通阻塞。
② will I give in to him.
我决不向他屈服。In no way2．deal with处理；安排；论述；对付；打交道
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) This means that it should clean the house,
mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone
calls.
这意味着它应该能打扫房间、擦地板、做饭以及接打电
话。
(鲜活例句) Deal with a man as he deals with you.
以其人之道，还治其人之身。(鲜活例句) They have learned to deal with all sorts of people.
他们学会了和各种人打交道。
(鲜活例句) The book deals with how to deal with such matters.
这本书论述怎样处理这类问题。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 deal with, do with用deal with和do with填空
I don't know how they will the problem.
＝ I don't know what they will the problem.
我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。deal withdo with[活学活用]
There is a manager in my workplace that is
. (deal)
我们单位有一位很难打交道的经理。very difficult to deal with3．watch over看守；监视；守护；照管
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) It should also watch over my naughty niece,
who comes to my house very often.
它还应该照看我淘气的侄女，她经常来我家。
(鲜活例句) Will you watch over the baby while I'm out?
我外出时你照顾这个婴儿好吗？
(鲜活例句) It's like trusting a wolf to watch over sheep.
那就等于引狼入室。 (二)归纳拓展全析考点watch for sb./sth. 观察等待(某人出现或发生某事)
watch out (for ...) 注意；小心①You'd better wait and watch for a better chance.
你最好耐心等待更好的机会。
② ！There's a car coming.
小心！汽车来了。Watch out[活学活用]
He fell asleep while his baby brother. (watch)
照看弟弟时，他睡着了。(he was) watching over点击下图片进入“应用·落实”1．[句型展示] She programs us with all the possible moves
she has seen while_watching_human_games.
她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的
程序。
[典例背诵] While_working,_he stopped to talk with
Tom at times.
工作的时候，他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。 2．[句型展示] I would really like to play against a human
team, for I have been programmed to act just like them.
我真的想和真人球队比赛，因为我被设计成像他们一样
地活动。
[典例背诵] It must have rained last night，for the
ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。3．[句型展示] Whenever she comes, I have to look after
her, and sometimes help her with her homework.
无论她什么时候来我都不得不照顾她，有时候帮她做
家庭作业。
[典例背诵] You can ask for help whenever you need
it.
你随时都可以请求帮助。1．She programs us with all the possible moves she has
seen while_watching_human_games.
她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们
的程序。
(1)句中while watching human games是省略句，相当于
while she is watching human games。(2)省略的原则：在when, while, if, unless, though, once等引
导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中，若从句的主语与主
句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句中含有be 动词时，
为了使句子结构简洁，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①There are so many cars that you should be careful
while crossing the road.
有那么多车辆，过马路时当心些。
②Unless (it is) necessary, you'd better not refer to the
dictionary.
如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。
③Please turn to me for help .
如果有必要请向我求助。if necessary2．I would really like to play against a human team, for I
have been programmed to act just like them. 我真的想
和真人球队比赛，因为我被设计成像他们一样地活动。
本句中for为并列连词，表原因，可以引导分句。
(1)作用：对前面所述情况作补充说明。
(2)位置：一般不置于句首，其前通常有逗号将前后两
部分隔开。①We must start early, for it will take us 3 hours to drive to the airport.
我们必须早点动身，因为开车去机场要花我们3个小时的时间。
②He must be in the office, the light is on.
他一定在办公室，因为灯还亮着。
③He found it more difficult to read, for his eyes were failing.
他觉得阅读起来更困难了，因为他的视力越来越差。for点击下图片进入“课时跟踪检测”课件30张PPT。写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习Unit 3 ComputersSectionⅣ Grammar & Writing语法讲座 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作持续到现在或对现在造成的影响或结果。
一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成
have/has＋been＋及物动词的过去分词
二、现在完成时的被动语态的形式
1．肯定式：主语＋have/has＋been＋及物动词的过去分词
＋其他。
The problem has already been solved.
问题早已解决。2．否定式：主语＋have/has ＋not＋been＋及物动词的过
去分词＋其他。
They haven't been told the exciting news yet, have they?
他们还没有被告知这个令人兴奋的消息，是吗？
3．一般疑问式：Have/Has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去
分词＋其他？
Has his new novel been translated into English yet?
他的新小说被译成英语了吗？4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been＋及
物动词的过去分词＋其他？
How long has the car been used?
这辆汽车用了多长时间了？ [考题印证1]
1－1(2011·天津高考)In the last few years thousands of films
________ all over the world.
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几年里，全世
界已经制作发行了几千部电影。in the last few years与现
在完成时连用，并且films与produce之间是动宾关系，因
此用现在完成时的被动语态。
答案：B1－2(2010·福建高考)Every year a flood of farmers arrive
in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ________
before leaving their hometowns.
A．promised B．were promised
C．have promised D．have been promised解析：考查时态和语态。job 与promise之间为被动关系，故应考虑被动语态形式，再考虑到“before leaving their hometowns”，表示动作已经发生，故用完成时，所以现在完成时的被动式为正确形式。
答案：D三、现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法
1．表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果。当动
词为短暂性动词时，可与already 或yet 连用，但不能
与for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用。
I'm sorry, but the letters haven't been typed yet.
很抱歉，这些信件还没有被打印出来。(结果是现在
还拿不到这些信件)
The work has already been finished.
工作已完成了。(结果是现在不用做这项工作了)2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，
并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，
或用于How long ...？句型中。
The plan has been discussed for nearly 2 hours.
这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。
3．用在时间或条件等状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的
动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被
动语态。
You can go home as soon as your task has been finished.
你的任务一完成就可以回家。 [考题印证2]
(2008·陕西高考)Though we don't know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic________.
A．had changed B．will change
C．was changed D．has been changed
解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：尽管我们不知道讨论的内容，但我们能感觉到讨论的话题变了。根据题意，句子应用被动结构，排除A项和B项，又根据时态一致，排除C项。
答案：D4．非延续性动词在现在完成时的被动语态中的运用。
非延续性动词，如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy,
marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不
能与for 或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，但
可与already 或yet 连用。这类动词的否定式可表示动
作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since 或for 构
成的时间状语连用。No books have been bought since last week.
自上周以来，没有人来买过书。
这本书买了多久了？
误：How long has this book been bought?
正：How long ago was this book bought?5．动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持
完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。
The orphan has been looked after by his neighbours.
这个孤儿一直由邻居们照顾。
The problem has been paid enough attention to.
这个问题已经被给予了足够的重视。 [考题印证3]
(2009·全国卷Ⅰ)His sister left home in 1998, and________since.
A．had not been heard of
B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of
D．has not heard of
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：他姐姐1998年离家出走，从此杳无音信。根据句中since 可知本题需用完成时，同时根据句意可知需用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
答案：B假定你设计出了一款新机器人——家用机器人，请你介绍一下其主要功能。可参考下面的内容：
1．可以在固定的时间做饭，做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；
2．可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3．及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打求救电话等。
注意：1.词数100～120； 2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
①Here is a new type of robot — the household robot. ②It can help us in many ways.
③Firstly, it can watch over the old while we are not at home and can also accompany (陪伴) the old in having a chat, playing chess, and doing exercise.
④Secondly, it can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. ⑤Thirdly, it is very easy to deal with the difficulties we meet. ⑥For example, if an old man falls ill all of a sudden, all at once the robot can give the doctor a call for help.
⑦In a word, it would be of great help for you if you own such a robot.第一段：开篇点题总领全文，引出写作的话题与内容；
第二、三、四段：分别进行细节描述，每一段介绍了一种具体情况；
最后一段总结全文。亮点一：本文想象合理，段落层次分明，语句运用通顺，结构完整，句与句之间使用了恰当的连接成分，段与段之间过渡自然，是一篇很好的习作。
亮点二：通过使用连接词firstly(句③)，secondly(句④)，thirdly(句⑤)使机器人的功能介绍条理化，层次分明，使人一目了然。
亮点三：通过适时举例(句⑥)来解释机器人的第三个功能，形象具体，更有助于人们对家用机器人的了解。如何写想象性作文
这类写作没有固定的结构或格式，内容也不受限制，你需要放飞想象的翅膀，可以对你理想中的未来事物的形态、构造、性质、功能等进行大胆的设想，并进行科学的描述。
[黄金表达]
1．引入：首先引出你要写的事物。
...plays a very important role in our daily life.
...is of great importance/help/use in our daily life.2．陈述背景知识：介绍它什么时候产生，以及至今为止
有哪些主要发展阶段。
Since the earliest times ...
The history of ...goes back to ...
Over ...years ago ...
By the beginning of this century ...
After this ...
3．目前的状况
Recently, there has been renewed interest in ...
Recent developments in this field include ...
Other exciting developments have been …4．前景
Many experts predict that ...
Some forecasts predict that ...
The field of ...has enormous potential.
5．结论
总结要点，再次强调它为什么那么吸引人，引人关注。
In conclusion ...
Thus, it can be concluded that ...
Obviously，we can draw the conclusion that …
