Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1．When you cross the street, you must be careful with the passing cars.
2．It can’t be his mother, for she has been ill at home for a long time.
3．We enjoy good weather in January, but sometimes it can be terribly cold.
4．I may come to the party with you, but I am not sure.
5．When he was young, he would climb the small hill every morning.
6．—May I take this seat?
—Yes, you may/can．
7．Tom comes from Australia, so he can speak English very well.
8．If you can pass the driving test, you shall get a new car.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．—I heard they went skating in the mountains last winter.
—It ________ be true because there was little snow there.
A．may not B．won’t
C．couldn’t D．mustn’t
解析：选C。句意：“我听说他们去年冬天去山区滑雪了。”“那不可能是真的，因为那里几乎没有雪。”couldn’t“不可能”，表示有把握的否定推测。may not“可能不”，与语境不符；won’t“不会”；mustn’t“禁止”。
2．— I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
— Don’t worry. You ________ have it by Friday.
A．shall B．could
C．must D．may
解析：选A。句意：“我还没拿到参考书，下个月我要参加这门科目的考试。”“别担心。周五之前你会拿到。”shall用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、威胁、警告等。
3．— Could I use your computer while you are out?
— Of course you ________．
A．could B．should
C．must D．can
解析：选D。句意：“你不在时我能用一下你的电脑吗？”“当然可以。”以could开头的问句征求对方意见时，回答用can表示许可。
4．A computer ________ think for itself, it must be told what to do.
A．can’t B．couldn’t
C．may not D．might not
解析：选A。句意：电脑不会自己思考，必须指挥它怎么做。can’t“不能”，表示能力。
5．— Is John coming by bus?
— He should, but he ________ not. He likes riding his bike.
A．must B．can
C．need D．may
解析：选D。句意：“约翰要坐车来吗？”“应该是，但也可能不。他喜欢骑自行车。”表示较小的可能性用may。must not“禁止；不准”；can not“不可能”；need not“不需要”。
6．Her brother ________ be at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t
C．can’t D．shouldn’t
解析：选C。句意：她哥哥现在不可能在家，因为刚才有人看见他正在体育场里打篮球。can’t“不可能”。
7．I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ________ report it to the police?
A．should B．may
C．will D．can
解析：选A。句意：我时常看见那座空房子里有灯光。你觉得我应该向警察举报吗？should“应该”，表示职责或义务，符合题意。may“可以”；will“将要；愿意”；can“可以；能够”。
8．When we were young，every evening my brother and I________ stay at home waiting for our mother to come back from work.
A．would B．might
C．should D．could
解析：选A。句意：小时候，我和我哥哥每天晚上都会在家等妈妈下班回家。would和表动作的动词连用，表示过去的一种习惯。
9．You________learn Chinese if you want to work in our company; it’s a must here.
A．should B．can
C．would D．may
解析：选A。考查情态动词。should在此意为“应该”，表示建议或劝告。句意：如果你想在我们公司工作，你得学习汉语，因为这是必须的。
10．The fire spread through the net bar very quickly but everyone ________ get out.
A．had to B．would
C．could D．was able to
解析：选D。考查could与was able to的区别。was able to可以表示在困难的情况下，经过一番周折而“能……”，并且成功地做了。could则无此种含义。
11．— The room is so dirty.________ we clean it?
— OK.
A．Will B．Shall
C．Would D．Can
解析：选B。句意：“这个房间这么脏。我们要不要打扫一下？”“好的。”shall用于第一人称为主语的问句中表示征求对方意见。
12．—________I use the dictionary to look up new words in the exam?
—I’m afraid not.
A．Would B．Should
C．May D．Will
解析：选C。考查情态动词。根据句意可知说话人在征求对方的许可，因此选择C项。句意：“我能在考试中用词典查生词吗？”“恐怕不行。”
13．— Must he come to sign this paper himself?
— Yes, he ________．
A．need B．must
C．may D．will
解析：选B。句意：“他必须过来亲自签署这份文件吗？”“是的，必须。”must可以表“推测”或“必须”，当表示“必须”时，简单答语也必须用must。
14．— Are you coming to Jeffy’s party?
— I’m not sure. I ________ go to the concert instead.
A．must B．would
C．should D．might
解析：选D。句意：“你要去参加杰弗里的宴会吗？”“不一定。我可能会去听音乐会。”由“I’m not sure.”判断，此处表示一种较小的可能性，应用might。
15．— Is Jack on duty today?
— It ________ be him, it’s his turn tomorrow.
A．mustn’t B．won’t
C．can’t D．needn’t
解析：选C。句意：“今天杰克值日吗？”“不可能是他，明天才轮到他呢。”can’t“不可能”。
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．You mustn’t go there alone; it’s too dangerous.(mustn’t/needn’t)
2．It’s so near; we shouldn’t have taken a taxi.(shouldn’t/can’t)
3．You oughtn’t_to have spent so much time playing computer games.(mustn’t/oughtn’t to)
4．—Shall I leave the room so that you two can talk?
—No, you needn’t．(mustn’t/needn’t)
5．He can’t have missed the train；he arrived at the train station two hours early.(can’t/mustn’t)
6．We’ll be very glad if you can join us in going camping.(can/may)
7．They had_to stay in the office last night because of the snowstorm.(have to/must)
8．We should have helped him; in that case, he would have been able to finish the work.(should/can)
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．— I think we’ll give Bob a ring.
— We ________.We have been out of touch with him for ages.
A．will B．may
C．have to D．ought to
解析：选D。后句句意：我们应该给他打个电话。我们很长时间没跟他联系了。ought to“应该”；will “意愿”；may “可以；可能”；have to“不得不”。根据句意，D正确。
2．— Write to me when you get home.
— ________.
A．I must B．I will
C．I should D．I can
解析：选B。答应某人做某事，要用I will表示“一定”或“我决心做某事”。根据对话的语境，B项正确。
3．— Susan doesn’t mind lending you her digital camera.
— She ________.I’ve already borrowed one.
A．can’t B．mustn’t
C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
解析：选C。既然“我已经借了一个”，所以“她就没有必要借给我了”。needn’t在此表示“不必”。C项正确。
4．— James, how did your English exam go?
— I thought I ________， but in fact I came in the top 10 in the class.
A．should have failed B．couldn’t have failed
C．might have failed D．mustn’t have failed
解析：选C。“might＋have＋done”表示对已经发生的事情的一种猜测，根据语境，C项正确。
5．— What does the sign over there read?
— “No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”
A．will B．may
C．shall D．must
解析：选C。shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告等。根据句意，C项正确。
6．You can’t imagine such a well-educated gentleman ________ be so rude to an old man.
A．might B．must
C．should D．would
解析：选C。句意：你难以想象一个受过良好教育的绅士居然对一位老人那么粗鲁。should在这里表示惊讶或出乎意料。
7．There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ________ come, but why didn’t you?
A．must have B．should
C．need have D．ought to have
解析：选D。句意：昨天的聚会很有趣。你应该来的，但为什么没来呢？ought to have done“本应该做(而没有做)”，D项符合题意。
8．— What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
— You ________ do anything except to be with them.
A．don’t have to B．oughtn’t to
C．mustn’t D．can’t
解析：选A。句意：“你认为我们能为年迈的父母做点什么呢？”“除了多陪陪他们不必做什么。”don’t have to相当于needn’t，意为“不必”符合句意。oughtn’t“不应该”；mustn’t“不可以”；can’t“不能”。
9．As it turned out to be a small house party, we ________ so formally.
A．needn’t dress up
B．shouldn’t dress up
C．were not necessary to dress up
D．needn’t have dressed up
解析：选D。由句意可知，事实上，我们穿得很正式去参加了一个家庭舞会，但参加了才知道是一个small house party，感觉自己没有必要穿得如此正式。needn’t have done “过去本不需要做某事(但实际上做了)”，D项符合句意。
10．— As you worked late yesterday, you ________ work this morning.
— Thank you!
A．needn’t B．mayn’t
C．can’t D．mustn’t
解析：选A。句意：“昨天你工作到很晚，所以今天上午你不必工作。”“谢谢！”needn’t do sth.“不必做某事”，符合句意。mustn’t“禁止做某事”。
11．—May I take this book out of the reading room?
—No, you________.You read it in here.
A．mightn’t B．won’t
C．needn’t D．mustn’t
解析：选D。句意：“我可以把这本书带出阅览室吗？”“不，千万不要。在这儿读吧。”由句意可知此处表示强烈禁止，mustn’t“千万别/不要”，表禁止，所以选D项。mightn’t表示“可能不”；won’t表示“不愿意”；needn’t表示“没必要”。
12．She________have left school, for her bike is still here.
A．can’t B．wouldn’t
C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
解析：选A。句意：她不可能离开了学校，因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。can’t have done“不可能做某事”；wouldn’t have done表示虚拟；shouldn’t have done“本不该做(却已做了)”；needn’t have done“本没必要做(但已做了)”。所以A项正确。
13．—I’m sorry.I________at you the other day.
—Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.
A．shouldn’t shout
B．shouldn’t have shouted
C．mustn’t shout
D．mustn’t have shouted
解析：选B。句意：“对不起，前几天我不应该对你大喊大叫的。”“算了，我当时也有点失控。”shouldn’t have done“本不该做的事却做了”，符合句意。
14．Sir, you________be sitting in this waiting-room.It is for women and children only.
A．oughtn’t to B．can’t
C．won’t D．needn’t
解析：选A。考查情态动词。句意：先生，你不应该坐在这个等候室里，这是妇女儿童专用的。oughtn’t to“不应该”。
15．Being afraid of making mistakes, the little boy________answer his teacher’s question.
A．does dare B．doesn’t dare
C．daren’t to D．not dare to
解析：选B。句意：因为害怕犯错误，那个男孩不敢回答老师的问题。dare既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，作实义动词时在否定句中to通常可以省略。故选B。
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1．The trouble is that I can’t find my way.
2．We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor.
3．It depends on whether you can do the work well.
4．I wonder how you are getting on with your studies.
5．He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late.
6．Energy is what makes things work.
7．We didn’t set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back.
8．We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．—Can you join us in the party this evening?
—Well, that depends on ________ I can finish my report before then.
A．whether B．if
C．that D．when
解析：选A。句意：“你今天晚上能参加我们的聚会吗？”“嗯，那得看到时候我的报告能不能完成。”连词whether表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。if表示“是否”，不引导介词的宾语从句；that没有意义；when“当……时”。
2．I don’t think ________ possible ________ one can master a foreign language without much memory work.
A．it; whether B．it; that
C．which; whether D．this; that
解析：选B。it在句中作形式宾语；possible作宾补；真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
3．He said________he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry.
A．that; 不填 B．不填； that
C．不填； 不填 D．what; what
解析：选B。考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。said后接了两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个从句中的that可省略，后面的that不可省略。
4．The reason for his coming to China was ________ he wanted to study Chinese medicine.
A．that B．what
C．because D．which
解析：选A。句意：他来中国的原因是他想研究中医。reason作主语且was后的表语从句不缺少句子成分，故用that引导。
5．We should think carefully about ________ Mr Needham said at the meeting.
A．that B．what
C．which D．不填
解析：选B。句意：我们应该认真思考Mr. Needham在会议上说的话。what引导名词性从句，并在从句中作宾语。
6．I love the quiet，clean countryside，which is________I want to go and work there.
A．what B．how
C．that D．why
解析：选D。句意：我喜欢安静、清洁的乡村，那是我想去那里工作的原因。分析句子结构可知，这里是一个表语从句，再结合句意可知选D。
7．Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer ________ it was 20 years ago, ________ poorly equipped.
A．what; when B．what; which
C．that; which D．which; that
解析：选A。what引导名词性从句，作is的表语；when引导定语从句，修饰20 years ago。
8．I was surprised at her words, which made me recognize________silly mistakes I had made.
A．what B．that
C．how D．which
解析：选A。此处what 在宾语从句中作定语修饰mistakes。
9．The house, whose walls are red, is ________ my grandfather used to live ten years ago.
A．which B．what
C．where D．that
解析：选C。句意：红色墙的那所房子是我爷爷10年前住的地方。表语从句中缺少状语，故用where引导并在从句中作地点状语。
10．His ability is never in doubt — the question is ________ he is prepared to work hard.
A．whether B．if
C．that D．where
解析：选A。句意：他的能力不用怀疑，问题是他是否准备努力工作。根据句意用whether引导表语从句，if一般引导表语从句。
11．I like________in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A．this B．that
C．it D．one
解析：选C。it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为when the weather is clear and bright。
12．— I rang you at nine, but there was no reply.
— Oh, that was ________ I was seeing the doctor.
A．what B．when
C．that D．why
解析：选B。句意：“我9点给你打过电话，却无人应答。”“哦，那时我正在看医生。”when引导表语从句， 且在从句中作时间状语。what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；that在从句中不作成分；why在从句中作原因状语。
13．There were so many kinds of bikes in the shop that he really didn’t know ________ he could choose.
A．which B．what
C．where D．that
解析：选A。句意：商店里有这么多种自行车，他真的不知道选哪一辆。根据句意用which引导宾语从句。
14．When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly ________ he wants.
A．what B．which
C．when D．that
解析：选A。“Always give the monkey exactly what he wants”是采用祈使语气的谚语，意思是“永远都要给别人他确实想要的东西”。what he wants作宾语。
15．The reason for his success is ________ he worked very hard.
A．why B．that
C．whether D．because
解析：选B。句意：他成功的原因是他工作非常努力。reason作主语时，常用that引导表语从句。
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．That fashion differs from country to country may reflect a cultural difference.
2．What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in science.
3．Whoever has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
4．Whatever book you borrow, you must return it in a week.
5．Who will go to the concert is not known.
6．Whatever he does for you is right.
7．Why he was turned down the invitation was not clear.
8．Whichkinds of books they will buy needs considering.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．________ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
A．It B．This
C．What D．As
解析：选C。句意：她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。其他三项不能引导主语从句，she told me是插入语。
2．________ we’ll hold the fancy ball this weekend hasn’t been decided yet.
A．Which B．What
C．That D．Where
解析：选D。句意：这个周末在什么地方举行化装舞会还没有定下来。where引导主语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，缺状语，故选D。
3．________ has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in latter life.
A．Which B．What
C．That D．It
解析：选D。句意：现已证明，在童年时期吃蔬菜有助于人们晚年免患严重疾病。分析句子结构可知，that在句中引导的是主语从句，故应用it作形式主语。It is/was proved that ...“……被证明”，是常用句型。
4．It makes his life quite different ________ he has received education abroad.
A．that B．which
C．what D．how
解析：选A。it作形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正的主语，that不可以省略。从句部分句子成分齐全，可以排除B、C两项；how表方式，不符合语境。
5．It’s really no business of yours ________ I spend my summer holidays.
A．who B．which
C．where D．whom
解析：选C。句意：我在哪里度过暑假真的和你无关。where引导主语从句；it是形式主语。
6．________ made the school proud was ________ over 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A．What; because B．What; that
C．That; what D．That; because
解析：选B。句意：使学校自豪的是，该校百分之九十以上的学生被重点大学录取了。what引导主语从句而that引导表语从句。
7．________ the boy didn’t take medicine made his mother angry.
A．That B．What
C．How D．Which
解析：选A。句意：男孩没有吃药使得他的妈妈很生气。此处是一个主语从句，但该句子意思完整，所以排除掉了B、C和D项，而此处that没有实际意义，起引导的作用，不可以省略。
8．________ we can’t get seems better than ________ we have.
A．What; what B．What; that
C．That; that D．That; what
解析：选A。句意：我们得不到的好像比我们拥有的要好。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语。
9．________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A．If B．Whether
C．That D．Where
解析：选B。由depends on the weather可知，此处应为“是否”之意，应用if或whether，而主语从句置于句首时只能用whether。故选B。
10．________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A．There B．This
C．That D．It
解析：选D。句意：英语正被接受成为国际性语言是一个事实。此处用it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。
11．________will be in charge of our company is still being discussed by the leaders of our city.
A．Which B．Whom
C．Who D．Whoever
解析：选C。由句意可知，“掌管公司”的必须是人，先排除A项；又因为要选的连接代词在从句中作主语，故C项正确；D项不符合句意。
12．________troubles me is ________I don’t know________is to be done with the new machine.
A．What; what; that B．What; that; how
C．What; that; what D．What; because; which
解析：选C。根据句意及句子结构，C项正确。第一个what 引导主语从句，that 引导表语从句，第二个what 引导宾语从句。
13．It’s none of your business ________ other people think about you.Believe yourself.
A．how B．what
C．which D．when
解析：选B。考查名词性从句。it作形式主语，所填词引导的从句作句子真正的主语；另外所填词在从句中作think about的宾语，指物用what。
14．You know, in some countries, ________ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.
A．which B．as
C．what D．that
解析：选C。考查连接词。此处what引导主语从句，相当于the schools which/that。
15．It has been proved again and again________ frequent advertising increases product sales.
A．that B．whether
C．because D．when
解析：选A。句意：一次又一次证明频繁的广告增加了产品销售。that 引导主语从句，在从句中没有意义，句中it是形式主语。
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.
2．I have no idea when the project will be finished.
3．The thought occurred to him that he left his notebook in the reading room.
4．The reason why he did it was not clear.
5．The problem which city we are going to is not decided.
6．The teacher had no idea what was going on in the classroom.
7．No one has any idea whose bag the red one is.
8．I have no impression how he went home，perhaps by bike.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A．which B．that
C．what D．whether
解析：选B。句意：信中他答应这个圣诞节来看我。promise后跟的是同位语从句，解释说明promise的内容，同位语从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that。
2．Mother gave me a promise ________ I made progress in my English she would take me to travel.
A．that B．that if
C．that whether D．whether
解析：选B。句意：妈妈向我承诺如果我英语取得进步，她会带我去旅行。that引导同位语从句，说明a promise的具体内容。
3．Although the family is very poor now, the members of it all hold the belief ________ their living conditions will improve.
A．when B．which
C．in which D．that
解析：选D。句意：尽管这个家庭现在很贫穷，但是所有的家庭成员都坚信他们的生活条件会提高。本句中同位语从句的引导词不在从句中充当任何成分，故用that。
4．—________ any possibility ________ Teddy can beat Mark in the final round, Mom?
— It is hard to say, Sara.
A．Is it; that B．Are there; when
C．Is it; where D．Is there; that
解析：选D。问句句意：妈妈，泰迪在最后一轮中有可能打败马克吗？There is possibility that ...“有可能……”。
5．Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday.Have you got any idea ________ the party is to be held?
A．what B．which
C．that D．where
解析：选D。句意：明天是汤姆的生日，你知道生日聚会在哪儿举办吗？idea后的成分应是同位语，从句中主语谓语齐全，应选择where在从句中作地点状语。
6．She has some doubt ________ her advice is of great value to us.
A．that B．whether
C．why D．if
解析：选B。句意：她有些怀疑她的建议对我们是否有帮助。doubt用在肯定句中，后面的同位语从句用whether来引导。
7．The question has been raised at the meeting ________ each member country should share the expenses of the committee.
A．which B．if
C．what D．whether
解析：选D。句意：是否每一个成员国都应该分摊委员会费用这个问题已经在会议上提出来了。whether引导名词性从句时在从句中不作成分，只保留词义“是否”。该句是由whether引导的同位语从句，谓语部分将其和名词the question分隔开。if不能引导同位语从句。
8．The news ________ was spreading all over the city proved to be incorrect.
A．what B．which
C．it D．whether
解析：选B。考查定语从句。which指代先行词news。从句不是对news的内容进行说明，而只是对它的限定、修饰。句意：那则正传遍这座城市的消息证明是不真实的。
9．We hadn’t settled the problem ________ would be sent to take charge of that chain shop.
A．that B．who
C．when D．which
解析：选B。who引导同位语从句，该从句进一步解释problem的内容，who在从句中作主语。
10．We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A．that B．when
C．which D．where
解析：选A。考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生让学校图书馆提供更多的科普读物的请求。request “要求；请求”，后接的that从句是对它的解释说明。
11．Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the party ________he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A．why B．that
C．where D．because
解析：选B。that 引导同位语从句，对前面名词reason进行解释说明。其他选项在语意语法上都不符合。
12．A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A．if B．when
C．that D．which
解析：选C。句意：突然间我有了一个想法，我可以用零用钱为妈妈的生日买束鲜花。that引导的从句作a warm thought的同位语，that在从句中不作成分。
13．The news ________ you heard is not true, but the news________our team has won the match is true.
A．不填； that B．that; 不填
C．that; which D．that; who
解析：选A。第一个空之后为定语从句，news为先行词，从句中缺少宾语，故该空可选that或which，也可省略；第二个空之后为同位语从句，that不作任何成分，但不可以省略。
14．Three days later, word came ________ our country had sent up another man-made satellite.
A．which B．when
C．that D．where
解析：选C。考查间隔式同位语从句。谓语came太短，因此把word后面的同位语从句放在了后面。从句是对word的内容进行说明，而且意义完整，因此用连接词that。句意：三天后，我们国家又发射了一颗人造卫星的消息传来。
15．Although most of them have no doubt________he will win the match, I still wonder________he has been well prepared.
A．if; that B．that; whether
C．that; that D．whether; if
解析：选B。doubt后面同位语从句表达的为肯定的内容，且不缺少成分；而第二空则为宾语从句，从句中需要表达“是否”之意。
