倒装句讲解 学案

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
英语语法专题 —— 倒装句
【熟读深思】
熟读下列句子，体会倒装句式的特点，思考什么情况下用倒装句式。
1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily
2. Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself.
3. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university.
4. He can swim and so can I.
5. So little did they agree on the plan that they couldn’t settle their differences.
6. Were he rich enough, he would buy a new car.
【倒装与高考】
在语法填空中可能要求考生填入适当的助动词。在写作中恰当运用倒装句，特别是由“only+状语”开头的倒装句，会给阅读者留下良好的印象。
【归纳讲解】
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或者一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做“倒装”。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。
倒装有两种类型：完全倒装和部分倒装。
所谓完全倒装是指整个谓语移至主语之前。
Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends.
完全倒装常见的情况有：
1) 表示地点的介词短语表示的状语，提前位于句首时：
如：一只小狗坐在房间外。 Outside the room sits a little dog.
2) 以here, there, now, then等副词或 out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要完全倒装，谓语动词常用come, go, be, lie, run, rush等如：There goes the bell.
3) There be结构。另外，在此结构中可用用来代替be动词的动词有exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。
如：桌子上有一本书，两个橙子。There is one book, two oranges in the desk.
4) 表语置于句首时，为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把表语放在句首,倒装结构为：
表语＋连系动词＋主语 如：中国人被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。
Gone are the days when Chinese were looked down upon .
所谓部分倒装是指只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。
Seldom does he go to school late.
英语中常见的倒装句，有下列一些情况：
情况 例句 说明
副词only放在句首时 Only then did he realize his mistakes.Only in this way can you learn math well.Note:(Only Mother can understand me.Only three of us failed in the exam.) Only起强调作用，其句型为“only +状语＋部分倒装”。如置于句首的only修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。
虚拟语气条件从句中 Were they here, they would help us.Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.Should you fail, take more pain and try again. 把从句中if省略将were, had或should放在主语的前面。
直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时 “He is a clever boy, ”said the teacher.“Go, Dick, go!” cried Tom,“Go home and get help.”“What do you think of the film ” he asked.Note:(“I’m leaving for Hong Kong next month”Mary told me yesterday.) 主句主语和谓语次序颠倒，用完全倒装。但如果主句主语为代词时或谓语部分比主语长，一般不用倒装。
表示祝愿的句子中 May you succeed!Long live the Communist Party of China. 谓语动词或谓语的一部分放在主语的前面。
so/neither/nor在句首 He is interested in pop—songs, and so I am.He can’t sing, neither/ nor can she. 表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或另一事物的句中。
Note:－Tom won the first prize for the English competition .－So he did.It was cold yesterday. So it was. 如果后面的句子只是单纯重复前句的意思，不表示也适用于另一个人或另一事，则不用倒装结构。
在频度状语often, always, many a time 等开头的句子中 Often did we warn them not to do so.Many a time has she helped me with my English.
以否定词开头如：never, none little, few ,seldom等 Never had I been to Beijing.Not only am I interested in photography but also I take a course to learn more about it.Little do I know about him. 句子用部分倒装
介词短语作状语，放在今句首时 In the middle of the room stood a little girl.In the distance was a horse. 句子用完全倒装
在强调表语的句子中 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievement.Such is life.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island. 表语提前，不仅为了强调，而且为了使句子结构达到平衡协调，或使上下文紧密衔接。
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