北师大版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 1 Life Choices Grammar课件（23张）

(共23张PPT)
What do you remember about them
Joe
Li Ying
1. According to Joe, what is important
It is important to meet friends in person from time to time, not just on social media.
2. What does he need to do
He needs to drag himself away from the online world sometimes.
Complete the text with the appropriate form of the given words.
Li Ying likes ________ goals for herself. Her aim is ___________ every subject. She also tries her best ___________ other things. She is the first person ________ the volunteering club in her class. It always makes her excited ________ a goal. She keeps telling herself _____________.
do; set; achieve ; join; get ahead; do well in
to set
to do well in
to do
to join
to achieve
to get ahead
1. The infinitives are known as non-finite verbs,
meaning they do not have tenses or subjects that they
correspond to. Instead, infinitives function as nouns,
adjectives and adverbs.
2. They may occur with or without the particle “to”.
Therefore, they take the form “to do” or “do”.
infinitive 不定式
Study these sentences.
It is important to meet friends in person from time to time, not just on social media.
I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes.
subject 主语
object 宾语
subject (主语)
object (宾语)
predicative (表语)
attribute (定语)
adverbial (状语)
complement (补语)
Functions of infinitives
Find more sentences in the text with “to do” structure and identify their functions!
1. My mum keeps telling me to go out with my school
friends instead.
2. I do my best to achieve it.
3. She is the first person to join the volunteering club in her
class.
4. My target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology
at university.
complement 补语
adverbial 状语
attribute 定语
predicative 表语
It’s so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together.
It usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus.
subject(主语)
动词不定式直接作主语很少用，通常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语后置，尤其当作主语的不定式结构很长时。
When I set out to do something …
I tend to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term.
I have a top 10 reading list and I try to keep it updated.
I try to use any possible time …
object(宾语)
1. 用不定式作宾语的及物动词以表示决心、打算、喜爱或讨厌之意的动词较多，常见的有：hope/wish/expect, agree/promise, intend/plan/want/desire, arrange, manage, decide/ determine, learn, pretend, attempt, demand, offer, refuse, fail, prepare。
2. it作形式宾语：当不定式作某些需要有宾补的动词宾语时，用it作形式宾语，把真正宾语的不定式放在补语后。
completement(补语)
1) 动词advise, encourage, persuade, warn, allow, permit,
order, command, request, want等后接动词不定式作宾语补
足语时，不定式符号to不可以省略。
2) 使役动词和感官动词后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不
定式符号to要省略。
My aim is to do well in every subject this term.
predicative (表语)
用来说明主语的具体内容和表示目的。
e.g. The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what
is required.
The purpose of the passage is to tell the readers a true
story.
To achieve all I want, I must use my time well.
I try to use any possible time to revise the things I have learnt during the day.
I often use the time to review English words.
adverbial (状语)
可以表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
1) 作目的状语
e.g. The whole family went to the beach to spend their
weekend.
2) 作结果状语
e.g. The girl raised her head to find everybody was looking at
her.
3) 作原因状语
动词不定式常跟在表喜怒哀乐等情感的形容词或-ed形式的词后面，说明产生这种情绪的原因。
e.g. We shall be happy to co-operate with you in the project.
attribute (定语)
作定语时，必须放在被修饰名词或代词后面，与被修饰部分存在一定的逻辑关系。
e.g. He is always the first to come and the last to
leave. 主谓关系
There is nothing to worry about. 动宾关系
Read a blog entry. Use the correct form of the words in brackets to fill in the blanks.
I wake up at six o’clock every morning. It _______ (take) me less than 15 minutes ________ (wash), get changed, have breakfast and leave home. I’m always the first person _______ (get) to my class. The mornings are always very busy and the afternoons are even busier! By around five o’clock, I usually _______ (find) time _______ (do) my paperwork and preview the lessons. You may think that it _______ (be) boring ________ (do) the same thing every day, but I like being busy.
takes
to wash
to get
find
to do
to do
is
单句语法填空。
1. The host will like it if you have learned _______ (use)
chopsticks. (2018 全国I卷)
2. ________ (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has
decided to take Chinese folk music as a challenging
elective course.
3. The students have the expectation of an opportunity
__________ (explore) the college campus ahead of time.
4. Although most people feel stressed sometimes, they are
able __________ (recover) later.
to use
To learn
to explore
to recover
5. If there’s a lot of work ______ (do), you are advised to
start ahead of schedule to avoid time pressure.
6. There are lots of ways ________ (raise) awareness for a
cause. (2019 浙江卷)
7. Many people hurry to get ahead in their career only
________ (ignore) their family.
8. The government encourages farmers to grow corn
instead of rice __________ (improve) water quality. (2018
全国II卷)
9. Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ______
(stay) and watch. (2018 全国III卷)
to do
to raise
to ignore
to improve
to stay
Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the verbs or verb phrases in brackets.
I’m a light sleeper so I usually 1. ________ (get up) before six each morning. My usual routine is 2. _____________ (read the news) before eating breakfast. I like 3. ________ (start) my day feeling fresh.
get up
to read the news
to start
Then it takes half an hour for me 4. ________ (get to) the office. I often have meetings in the morning. I try 5. ________ (keep) the meetings short to the point, so as 6. _____________ (not waste) everyone’s time. I usually have lunch in a hurry and can’t remember what I’ve eaten. In the afternoon I 7. ________ (stay) in my office, doing lots of paperwork or working on the computer. On the way home, I’m usually stuck in traffic for more than an hour. And when I get home, I’m usually too tired 8. ________ (do) anything.
to get to
to keep
not to waste
stay
to do
Describe your school life by using “to do” structure.
It is exciting/challenging to …
My English teacher asks/requires me to …
I cherish the chance/time to …
My aim/expectation is to …
To achieve my goal, I decide/plan to …