人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters Words and expressions 课件-（32张ppt）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters Words and expressions 课件-（32张ppt） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-16 16:51:02 | ||
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(共32张PPT)
Words and expressions
Unit 4
rescue n.& vt. 营救，救援
They were eventually rescued by helicopter.
他们最后被直升机救走了。
You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。
We had given up hope of rescue.
我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望。
rescuer n.救助者
damage n.& vt. 损害，破坏；损失
This could cause serious damage to the country’s economy.
这可能对国家的经济造成严重破坏。
Smoking seriously damages your health.
吸烟严重损害健康。
ruin n.&vt. 破坏，毁坏
The bad weather ruined our trip.
天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。
He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
他决心从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活。
The city lay in ruins after the earthquake.
地震之后, 这座城市成为一片废墟。
destroy vt. 摧毁，毁灭
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
这栋建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。
You have destroyed my hopes of happiness.
你毁掉了我得到幸福的希望。
destruction n. 摧毁，毁灭
destructive adj.引起破坏的，破坏性的
ruin
to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.；to make sb/sth lose all their money, their position, etc.
destroy
to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists, works, etc.
damage
to cause physical harm to sth, making it less attractive, useful or valuable; to have a bad effect on sb/sth’s life, health, happiness or chances of success
用所给单词的正确形式填空
ruin destory damage
That will ________ the reputation of our products.
The floods _______ many precious paintings.
The car was only slightly ________ in the accident.
destroy
ruined
damaged
affect vt. 影响，（疾病）侵袭，深深打动
Your opinion will not affect my decision.
你的意见不会影响我的决定。
The condition affects one in five women.
每五个妇女就有一个人患有这种病。
They were deeply affected by the news of her death.
她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。
shelter n. 避难处，居所，庇护
v. 保护，遮掩；躲避
Food, clothing, shelter and transportation are essential to life.
衣、食、住、行是生活中必不可少的。
The tree affords some shelter from the sun.
这棵树可以挡一挡太阳。
Perhaps I sheltered my daughter too much.
也许我对女儿保护过度了。
We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.
我们在一处门廊里避雨。
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
as if 好像；似乎；仿佛
as if
表语从句（放在look/seem等系动词后）
It seems as if it is going to rain.
方式状语从句
The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up.
= as though
as if 引导从句通常使用陈述语气或者虚拟语气
知识拓展
It sounds as if it is raining.
1. 陈述语气：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。
2. 虚拟语气：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。
注意：此时从句谓语动词时态的变化
a) 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。
You look as if you didn’t care.
b) 表示与过去发生的事实相反，谓语动词用“had +过去分词”。
He talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before.
c) 表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would / could / might + 动词原形”。
It looks as if it might snow.
请用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. He talks as if he _____ drunk. (be)
2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____ broken. (be)
3. The girl listened as if she _______________ to stone. (turn)
4. He opened his mouth as if he _________ something. (say)
is
were
had been turned
would say
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
come to an end 结束
与world搭配，表示“世界末日来临”。
come to a decision
come to a conclusion
come to an agreement
做决定
得出结论
达成协议
shock n. 震惊,令人震惊的事,休克vt. (使)震惊
The news of my promotion came as a shock .
我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。
We are in shock like the whole country.
我们也和其他人一样震惊。
It shocks you when something like that happens.
发生这样的事情，使人觉得难以置信。
We were all shocked at the news of his death.
听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。
shocked adj.感到震惊的
shocking adj.令人震惊的
trap n. 陷阱,圈套,困境
vt. 陷入困境，使中圈套，诱骗，困住
Parents often fall into the trap of trying to do everything for their children.
家长经常一相情愿极力为子女操办一切。
They were trapped in the burning building.
他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。
Were you just trying to trap her into making some admission
你仅仅是在试图诱骗她招供吗？
bury vt. 埋葬，埋藏，埋入，掩藏
The house was buried under ten feet of snow.
房子被埋在十英尺厚的积雪中。
She always has her head buried in a book.
她总是埋头读书。
She had learnt to bury her feelings.
她已经学会了感情不外露。
Since she left, he has buried himself in his work.
自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。
bury oneself in/be buried in 专心致志做某事
breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸
Most people don’t realize that they are breathing polluted air.
大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着污染了的空气。
breath n.呼吸，一次吸入的空气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
take one’s breath away 令人惊叹
catch one’s breath 喘气
get one’s breath back 缓过气
out of breath 上气不接下气
short of breath 呼吸短促
in the same breath 同时
under one’s breath 低声地
effort n. 努力，尽力，艰难的尝试
You should put more effort into your work.
你应该更加努力地工作。
With (an) effort she managed to stop herself laughing.
她好不容易才忍住了笑。
He taught us that potential vanishes into nothing without effort.
他教导我们，没有努力，潜能便会消失得无影无踪。
The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money.
公司为节省资金遣散了150名工作人员。
He made an effort to collect himself.
他挣扎着想使自己平静下来。
spare no effort to do不遗余力，竭尽全力
suffer vt. & vi. 遭受，受苦，变差
The company suffered huge losses in the last financial year.
公司在上一财政年度出现巨额亏损。
Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff.
许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。
His school work is suffering because of family problems.
由于家庭问题，他的学业日渐退步。
suffer from 患……病，因……而受苦
suffering n.疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难
Death finally brought an end to her suffering.
死亡终于结束了她的痛苦。
supply vt. 供给 n.供给，供给量
Food is in short supply all over the country.
食品在全国各地都供应不足。
Prices change according to supply and demand.
价格根据供应量和需求量而变化。
Foreign governments supplied arms to the rebels.
Foreign governments supplied the rebels with arms.
一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。
supply sth to sb
supply sb with sth
向某人提供某物
survive vt.&vi. 幸存,活下来,艰难度过,比...活得久
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
I can’t survive on ￡40 a week
一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。
The company managed to survive the crisis.
公司设法渡过了危机。
She survived her husband by ten years.
丈夫死后她又活了十年。
survival n.幸存，残存物
survivor n.幸存者
hand的
相
关
词
组
on hand
by hand
in hand
in one’s hands
on one’s hands
hand in hand
with both hands
hand in
hand out
hand over
hand on
现有（尤指帮助）
手工
在手头，在掌握中
受某人控制，受某人照料
由某人负责
手拉手
全力以赴
上交，呈交
分发
移交，交出
传递下去，转交
sweep away
sweep off
sweep through
sweep over
sweep up
sweep aside
sweep out
sweep的常用短语
扫除,彻底消除,完全打消
扫去,大量清除
传遍
风靡, 席卷
打扫干净
对……置之不理,不理会
打扫干净
strike vt.&vi. 侵袭，袭击，击打 n.罢工，袭击
An awful thought has just struck/stricken me.
刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个可怕的念头。
It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.
我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。
Half the workforce are now on strike .
现在有半数职工罢工。
be struck by/on/with 被……打动；迷恋……
strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁
summary n.总结，概括，概要
The following is a summary of our conclusions.
现将我们的几点结论综述如下。
In summary, this was a disappointing performance.
总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
summarize v.总结，概括，概述
The results of the research are summarized at the end of the chapter.
在这一章末尾对研究结果作了总结。
effect n.影响，结果，效果，效应
We should learn to distinguish between cause and effect.
我们应该学会分清因果。
Punishment had very little effect on him.
惩罚对他没有什么效果。
The greenhouse effect leads to global warming.
温室效应导致全球变暖。
have an effect on... 对……有影响
bring/put sth into effect 使生效；实行；实施
come into effect 生效；开始实施
take effect 开始起作用，见效； 生效；开始实施
in effect 实际上；在实施中，有效
length n.长度，（持续）时间的长短
The river is 300 miles in length.
这条河长300英里。
Many have been surprised at the length of time it has taken him to make up his mind.
很多人都为他用这么长的时间才下定决心感到吃惊。
at length 详细地；最后，终于
Translate the phrases into Chinese.
as if
in ruins
in shock
in the open air
on hand
sweep away
at least
come out
似乎；好像；仿佛
严重受损；破败不堪
震惊；吃惊
露天；在户外
现有（尤指帮助）
消灭；彻底消除
至少
出版，发行；出现
9. too... to...
10. run out
11. look for
12. jump out of
e to an end
14. more than
15. thousands of
16. fall down
17. in times of
太... 而不能
用完；耗尽；跑出
寻找
跳出
结束
超过……
成千上万的
倒塌
在.......时期
Homework
1. Make some sentences using the words and phrases that you have learned.
2. Preview grammar.
Words and expressions
Unit 4
rescue n.& vt. 营救，救援
They were eventually rescued by helicopter.
他们最后被直升机救走了。
You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。
We had given up hope of rescue.
我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望。
rescuer n.救助者
damage n.& vt. 损害，破坏；损失
This could cause serious damage to the country’s economy.
这可能对国家的经济造成严重破坏。
Smoking seriously damages your health.
吸烟严重损害健康。
ruin n.&vt. 破坏，毁坏
The bad weather ruined our trip.
天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。
He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
他决心从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活。
The city lay in ruins after the earthquake.
地震之后, 这座城市成为一片废墟。
destroy vt. 摧毁，毁灭
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
这栋建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。
You have destroyed my hopes of happiness.
你毁掉了我得到幸福的希望。
destruction n. 摧毁，毁灭
destructive adj.引起破坏的，破坏性的
ruin
to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.；to make sb/sth lose all their money, their position, etc.
destroy
to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists, works, etc.
damage
to cause physical harm to sth, making it less attractive, useful or valuable; to have a bad effect on sb/sth’s life, health, happiness or chances of success
用所给单词的正确形式填空
ruin destory damage
That will ________ the reputation of our products.
The floods _______ many precious paintings.
The car was only slightly ________ in the accident.
destroy
ruined
damaged
affect vt. 影响，（疾病）侵袭，深深打动
Your opinion will not affect my decision.
你的意见不会影响我的决定。
The condition affects one in five women.
每五个妇女就有一个人患有这种病。
They were deeply affected by the news of her death.
她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。
shelter n. 避难处，居所，庇护
v. 保护，遮掩；躲避
Food, clothing, shelter and transportation are essential to life.
衣、食、住、行是生活中必不可少的。
The tree affords some shelter from the sun.
这棵树可以挡一挡太阳。
Perhaps I sheltered my daughter too much.
也许我对女儿保护过度了。
We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.
我们在一处门廊里避雨。
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
as if 好像；似乎；仿佛
as if
表语从句（放在look/seem等系动词后）
It seems as if it is going to rain.
方式状语从句
The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up.
= as though
as if 引导从句通常使用陈述语气或者虚拟语气
知识拓展
It sounds as if it is raining.
1. 陈述语气：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。
2. 虚拟语气：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。
注意：此时从句谓语动词时态的变化
a) 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。
You look as if you didn’t care.
b) 表示与过去发生的事实相反，谓语动词用“had +过去分词”。
He talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before.
c) 表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would / could / might + 动词原形”。
It looks as if it might snow.
请用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. He talks as if he _____ drunk. (be)
2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____ broken. (be)
3. The girl listened as if she _______________ to stone. (turn)
4. He opened his mouth as if he _________ something. (say)
is
were
had been turned
would say
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
come to an end 结束
与world搭配，表示“世界末日来临”。
come to a decision
come to a conclusion
come to an agreement
做决定
得出结论
达成协议
shock n. 震惊,令人震惊的事,休克vt. (使)震惊
The news of my promotion came as a shock .
我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。
We are in shock like the whole country.
我们也和其他人一样震惊。
It shocks you when something like that happens.
发生这样的事情，使人觉得难以置信。
We were all shocked at the news of his death.
听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。
shocked adj.感到震惊的
shocking adj.令人震惊的
trap n. 陷阱,圈套,困境
vt. 陷入困境，使中圈套，诱骗，困住
Parents often fall into the trap of trying to do everything for their children.
家长经常一相情愿极力为子女操办一切。
They were trapped in the burning building.
他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。
Were you just trying to trap her into making some admission
你仅仅是在试图诱骗她招供吗？
bury vt. 埋葬，埋藏，埋入，掩藏
The house was buried under ten feet of snow.
房子被埋在十英尺厚的积雪中。
She always has her head buried in a book.
她总是埋头读书。
She had learnt to bury her feelings.
她已经学会了感情不外露。
Since she left, he has buried himself in his work.
自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。
bury oneself in/be buried in 专心致志做某事
breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸
Most people don’t realize that they are breathing polluted air.
大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着污染了的空气。
breath n.呼吸，一次吸入的空气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
take one’s breath away 令人惊叹
catch one’s breath 喘气
get one’s breath back 缓过气
out of breath 上气不接下气
short of breath 呼吸短促
in the same breath 同时
under one’s breath 低声地
effort n. 努力，尽力，艰难的尝试
You should put more effort into your work.
你应该更加努力地工作。
With (an) effort she managed to stop herself laughing.
她好不容易才忍住了笑。
He taught us that potential vanishes into nothing without effort.
他教导我们，没有努力，潜能便会消失得无影无踪。
The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money.
公司为节省资金遣散了150名工作人员。
He made an effort to collect himself.
他挣扎着想使自己平静下来。
spare no effort to do不遗余力，竭尽全力
suffer vt. & vi. 遭受，受苦，变差
The company suffered huge losses in the last financial year.
公司在上一财政年度出现巨额亏损。
Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff.
许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。
His school work is suffering because of family problems.
由于家庭问题，他的学业日渐退步。
suffer from 患……病，因……而受苦
suffering n.疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难
Death finally brought an end to her suffering.
死亡终于结束了她的痛苦。
supply vt. 供给 n.供给，供给量
Food is in short supply all over the country.
食品在全国各地都供应不足。
Prices change according to supply and demand.
价格根据供应量和需求量而变化。
Foreign governments supplied arms to the rebels.
Foreign governments supplied the rebels with arms.
一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。
supply sth to sb
supply sb with sth
向某人提供某物
survive vt.&vi. 幸存,活下来,艰难度过,比...活得久
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
I can’t survive on ￡40 a week
一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。
The company managed to survive the crisis.
公司设法渡过了危机。
She survived her husband by ten years.
丈夫死后她又活了十年。
survival n.幸存，残存物
survivor n.幸存者
hand的
相
关
词
组
on hand
by hand
in hand
in one’s hands
on one’s hands
hand in hand
with both hands
hand in
hand out
hand over
hand on
现有（尤指帮助）
手工
在手头，在掌握中
受某人控制，受某人照料
由某人负责
手拉手
全力以赴
上交，呈交
分发
移交，交出
传递下去，转交
sweep away
sweep off
sweep through
sweep over
sweep up
sweep aside
sweep out
sweep的常用短语
扫除,彻底消除,完全打消
扫去,大量清除
传遍
风靡, 席卷
打扫干净
对……置之不理,不理会
打扫干净
strike vt.&vi. 侵袭，袭击，击打 n.罢工，袭击
An awful thought has just struck/stricken me.
刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个可怕的念头。
It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.
我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。
Half the workforce are now on strike .
现在有半数职工罢工。
be struck by/on/with 被……打动；迷恋……
strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁
summary n.总结，概括，概要
The following is a summary of our conclusions.
现将我们的几点结论综述如下。
In summary, this was a disappointing performance.
总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
summarize v.总结，概括，概述
The results of the research are summarized at the end of the chapter.
在这一章末尾对研究结果作了总结。
effect n.影响，结果，效果，效应
We should learn to distinguish between cause and effect.
我们应该学会分清因果。
Punishment had very little effect on him.
惩罚对他没有什么效果。
The greenhouse effect leads to global warming.
温室效应导致全球变暖。
have an effect on... 对……有影响
bring/put sth into effect 使生效；实行；实施
come into effect 生效；开始实施
take effect 开始起作用，见效； 生效；开始实施
in effect 实际上；在实施中，有效
length n.长度，（持续）时间的长短
The river is 300 miles in length.
这条河长300英里。
Many have been surprised at the length of time it has taken him to make up his mind.
很多人都为他用这么长的时间才下定决心感到吃惊。
at length 详细地；最后，终于
Translate the phrases into Chinese.
as if
in ruins
in shock
in the open air
on hand
sweep away
at least
come out
似乎；好像；仿佛
严重受损；破败不堪
震惊；吃惊
露天；在户外
现有（尤指帮助）
消灭；彻底消除
至少
出版，发行；出现
9. too... to...
10. run out
11. look for
12. jump out of
e to an end
14. more than
15. thousands of
16. fall down
17. in times of
太... 而不能
用完；耗尽；跑出
寻找
跳出
结束
超过……
成千上万的
倒塌
在.......时期
Homework
1. Make some sentences using the words and phrases that you have learned.
2. Preview grammar.