Unit 5 Music
Part Ⅳ Writing
写作指导
一、佳作展示与背诵
假设你是李华，你的网友Eric在电子邮件中询问有关中国目前最具人气的歌手，并希望你能作出详细的介绍。为此，请你给他写一封回信，词数100左右。邮件应包括以下内容：
1．朱之文是人们所喜欢的农民歌手；
2．他从小喜欢唱歌，因家庭贫困不能上学，但他没放弃自己的梦想。2011年参加电视选秀节目而出名；
3．生活朴实，演唱时常穿军大衣，被人们亲切称为 “大衣哥”；
4．经常参加公益演出，深受人们的喜欢。
Dear Eric，
I'm honored that you would ask me about the most popular singer in China.As everyone knows, Zhu Zhiwen is one of the most popular farmer singers in China.
He likes singing since he was a child.His family was too poor to support his schooling, but he never gives up his dream.He took part in a TV show in 2011, after which he has become very famous and popular over China.Although he is a famous person, he lives a simple life and offer performances for the public welfare.
He is always wearing a long green coat when he puts on performances, so he is so loved and called“Da Yige”by his fans.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
二、思路点拨
电子邮件(e mail)的写法与信件一样，要遵循信件的写作方法，即要有开头和结束语。但应注意e mail的写法也有
别于信件，所写内容要言简意赅，简明扼要。语言要精练，不啰嗦。把内容用通俗易懂的语言表达出来即可，不要画蛇添足，只把要求的要点表述完整就可以了，不要借题发挥。
三、经典句式
1．As everyone knows, Zhu Zhiwen is one of the most popular farmer singers in China.本句运用了as 引导的非限制性定语从句。
2．He took part in a TV show in 2011, after which he has become very famous and popular over China.本句运用了“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。Unit 5 Music
Part Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
文本感知
阅读FREDDY THE FROG(Ⅱ)，回答下列问题
1．Which of the sentences is right according to the text
A．“Top of the Pops” was the name of Freddy's band.
B．Freddy and his band were well received in Britain.
C．If Freddy wore sunglasses or beards，nobody could recognize him.
D．In the end Freddy and his band were very proud of their popularity.
2．What happened to Freddy and his band at last
A．They left Britain and came back soon.
B．They hid themselves in some place of Britain.
C．They left Britain forever.
D．They went to the USA.
3．What's the main idea of the text
A．A story about a band becoming famous.
B．A story about a man becoming famous.
C．A story about a musician.
D．A story about dreaming of a famous singer.
答案：1．B 2.C 3.A
导学互动
1．in addition(P36，Discovering useful words and expressions)另外；也
in addition 另外；也
In addition，you need to know how long you should stay and when you have to leave.
另外，你要知道该待多久，何时要离开。
On the terrible night there was an earthquake，and there was a tsunami in addition.
在那个恐怖的晚上除了地震外，还有海啸。
In addition to speaking English well，he can speak French.
除了能讲一口流利的英语以外，他还能讲法语。
联想拓展
besides 除……之外还有
except 除……之外(不包含所说内容在内)
except for 除……之外(除去某一部分……，整体都……)
单项填空
(1)______ his salary，he has a bonus of 300 yuan per month.
A．In addition B．In addition to C．Except D．Except for
(2)______ good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
A．Far from B．Apart from C．Instead of D．Regardless of
(3)The company provides cheap Internet access.______，it makes shareware freely available.
A．In addition B．In brief C．In return D．In common
2．Sort out the following messages that are mixed up to make complete sentences containing attributive clauses.(P37，Discovering useful structures)
把下面混乱的信息整理成含有定语从句的完整的句子。
sort out分类；整理；(从……中)挑选出
He is sorting out the information he has downloaded.
他正在把下载下来的信息进行分类整理。
There will be an inspection this afternoon；we'd better sort out books and papers on the table.
今天下午要检查，我们最好整理一下桌子上的书籍和文件。
We should sort out enemies from friends.
我们应该分清敌友。
联想拓展
(1)sort...into... 把……分类；整理
(2)
单项填空
(1)After the entrance exam was over，the students ______ the useful books for them and sold the rest.
A．figured out B．sorted out C．made out D．turned out
(2)All sorts of goods ______been sent to the flooded area，but only a sort of goods ______ in great need.
A．have；are B．has；is C．have；is D．has；are
(3)We all think the newcomer is ______ strange.He is not an easy going person and is hard to get along with.
A．a sort of B．sort of C．a kind of D．a little of
3．confident(P38，Listening，reading and speaking)
adj.自信的；确信的
He is/feels confident of/about victory.
他对胜利充满信心。
We are hopefully confident that we can overcome the difficulties.
我们满怀希望，相信一定能克服这些困难。
I'm confident in him.
我对他有信心。
联想拓展
self confident adj.自信的
confidently adv.有信心地；确信地
confidence n．信心
have confidence in sb.(oneself) 对某人(自己)有信心
lose confidence in sb.(sth.)失去对某人(事)的信心
(1)介词填空
①So long as you study hard，I am confident ______ your success.
②If we have confidence ______ourselves and unite，we can certainly overcome the difficulty.
(2)同义句改写
She is confident that she will win first prize.
She is ____________ winning first prize.
(3)单项填空
①He studies hard，so we are ______ of his passing the entrance exam.
A．familiar B．confident
C．sensitive D．secure
②The middle aged people generally don't ______ as much confidence in future as the young.
A．find B．gain C．win D．show
4．...they visited Britain on a brief tour.(P38，Listening，reading and speaking)
……他们到英国进行短暂的巡回演出。
brief adj. 简短的；简洁的；短暂的
He made a brief introduction about himself and then got down to work.
他做了一个简短的自我介绍，然后着手开始工作了。
His remarks were brief and to the point.
他的话既简洁又切中要害。
联想拓展
(1)to be brief 简而言之
(2)brief n. 摘要；大纲，概要
in brief 简言之
(3)briefly adv. 简要地；短暂地
briefly speaking 简单地说来
To be brief，he was happy with the result.
简而言之，他对这个结果感到满意。
As a teacher，he should be familiar with the brief of teaching.
作为一名教师，他应熟悉教学大纲。
In brief，your work is quite good.
总之，你的工作很出色。
Our teacher stated the main point of the article briefly.
我们的老师概括地陈述了一下这篇文章的大意。
(1)同义句改写
①Briefly，I think you should accept his invitation.
______ ______，I think you should accept his invitation.
②Briefly speaking，he is happy with the result of the exam.
______ ______ ______，he is happy with the result of the exam.
(2)单项填空
There is no time left，so I'll tell you about it______.
A．in detail B．in brief C．in general D．in all
5．At last feeling very upset and sensitive，Freddy and his band realized that...(P38，Listening，reading and speaking)
最后因为深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到……
sensitive adj. 敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的
You should protect your sensitive areas of your skin with sun cream.
你应该用防晒霜保护好你容易受伤害的皮肤。
We need a more sensitive thermometer for this.
我们需要一个灵敏度高的温度计来对此测量。
联想拓展
be sensitive to 对……敏感
My father is very sensitive to this smell.
我爸爸对这种气味很敏感。
单项填空
(1) Compared with his sister，Jerry is even more______ and more easily troubled by emotional problems.
A．doubtful B．addicted C．available D．sensitive
(2)If I find someone who looks like the suspect，my ______ reaction will be to tell the police.
A．physical B．immediate C．sensitive D．sudden
(3)She is very ______ to her students' need for encouragement and knows when to praise them.
A．sensitive B．anxious C．familiar D．similar
6．Next you will need to come up with a name for your band—something that is different.(P40，Speaking and writing)
接下来你需要为你的乐队取一个名字——一个与众不同的名字。
come up with提出，想出(主意、计划、答案等)
They came up with some practical suggestions at the meeting.
他们在会上提出了一些切实可行的建议。
Is that the best excuse you can come up with
那就是你能想出的最好的借口吗？
温馨提示
come up with是及物动词短语，后接名词、代词作宾语，不用于被动语态。若以被提出或想出的事物作主语时，常用come up“被提出”。come up with还可表示“赶上”。
The subject didn't come up in conversation last night.
昨晚的谈话中没有提到这个话题。
We have to work hard and try to come up with them soon.
我们要努力工作，尽快赶上他们。
短语链接
make up with(sb.)(争吵之后)和解；和好
put up with(不正式)忍受；忍耐
keep up with不落后；赶上时代
catch up with赶上；追上
(1)同义句改写
①After a heated discussion they came up with a new plan.
After a heated discussion a new plan ______ ______.
②They put forth the new theory after the experiment.
They ______ ______ ______ the new theory after the experiment.
(2)单项填空
①—Have you ______ some new ideas
—Yeah.I'll tell you later.
A．come about B．come into
C．come up with D．come out
②I can ______ the house being untidy，but I hate it if it's not clean.
A．come up with B．put up with C．turn to D．stick to
③The young designer who ______ a good design plan ______ the boss with it in his hand.
A．came up to；came up with B．came up with；came up to
C．came up；came up with D．came up；came up to
7．Above all，just have fun！(P40，Speaking and writing)
最重要的是，玩得高兴些！
above all首先；最重要的是
If you want to succeed，above all，you should believe in yourself.
如果你想取得成功，首先要自信。
Never waste anything，and above all，never waste time.
不要浪费任何事物，尤其是千万不要浪费时间。
短语辨析
above all 常用来强调诸多事情中最重要的，相当于the most important of all
after all 位于句首时，意思为“毕竟，别忘了”；位于句尾时，意思是“终究，终归，到底”
(1)用above all/after all填空
①If you want to gain respect from others，______，you should respect others.
②Don't quarrel with him，and he is a child ______.
(2)单项填空
①To be great，you must be smart，confident，and，______，honest.
A．therefore B．above all
C．however D．after all
②He seems to be giving the impression that he didn't enjoy himself in Paris.______，he had a wonderful time.
A．Above all B．What's more
C．As a result D．On the contrary
答案：1．(1)B 提示：in addition to 后接宾语，意为“除了……之外(还有)”；而in addition后不接宾语。except for “除去……之外”。句意为：“除工资外，他每月还有300元奖金。”由句意可知，B项正确。
(2)B 提示：far from“完全不，远非”；apart from“除了……之外”；instead of“代替，而不是”；regardless of“不顾，不管”。句意为：“除了良好的服务，这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。”故选B项。
(3)A 提示：in addition “此外，也”；in brief “简而言之”；in return “作为回报”；in common “共同”。由句意可知，A项正确。
2．(1)B 提示：句意为：“入学考试结束后，学生们整理出对他们有用的书籍，把剩余的卖掉。”sort out“整理”，符合句意。figure out“计算出”；make out“理解”；turn out“结果是，证明是”。
(2)C 提示：sorts of...作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；而a sort of...作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。故正确答案为C项。
(3)B 提示：句意为：“我们认为新来的人有点怪，不是一个随和的人，很难交往。”a sort of“一种”；sort of“有点”；a kind of“一种”；a little of“一点”。
3．(1)①of ②in (2)confident of
(3)①B 提示：句意为：“他学习刻苦，因此我们相信他会通过升学考试的。”familiar “熟悉的”；confident “自信的，确信的”；sensitive “敏感的，灵敏的”；secure “安全的，可靠的”。
②D 提示：show confidence in“对……表现出信心”。
4．(1)①In brief ②To be brief
(2)B 提示：in detail“详细地”；in general“通常，大体上”；in all“总共”；in brief“简要地”。句意为：“剩下时间不多了，因此，我简要地向你说一下此事。”由句意可知，B项正确。
5．(1)D 提示：句意为：“与他姐姐相比，杰瑞对情感问题更敏感，且更容易受其困扰。”be sensitive to“对……敏感”。doubtful“怀疑的”；addicted“上瘾的”；available“可利用的”。
(2)B 提示：句意为：“如果我发现某个人看起来像嫌疑犯，我作出的第一反应就是去报警。”physical“身体的，肉体的，物质的”；immediate“立即的，即刻的；紧迫的”；sensitive“易受影响的，敏感的”；sudden“突然的，忽然的”。
(3)A 提示：句意为：“她很能体察学生对激励的需要，知道何时表扬他们。”be sensitive to “对……敏感，善解人意的”。
6．(1)①came up ②came up with
(2)①C 提示：问句意为：“你想出一些新办法了吗？”come up with “提出或想出(答案、办法等)”。
②B 提示：come up with意为“提出”；put up with意为“忍受，容忍”；turn to意为“转向，求助于”；stick to意为“坚持”。根据句意判断应选B项，表示“房子里不整洁我能忍受，但是如果不干净我很讨厌”。
③B 提示：句意为：“那个想出一个好设计方案的年轻人拿着那方案走到老板的跟前。”come up with“想出”；come up to“走到……面前”。come up作“想出”讲时，主语应该为被想出的内容。
7．(1)①above all ②after all
(2)①B 提示：句意为：“要想成为一个伟大的人，你必须得聪明、自信，并且最重要的是诚实。”therefore“因此，所以”；above all“首先，尤其是，最重要的是”；however“然而，可是”；after all“毕竟，终究”。
②D 解析：考查副词短语。句意为：“他似乎给人的印象是在巴黎玩得不开心，(事实)恰恰相反，他玩得非常尽兴”。above all首先，最重要的是；what's more而且；as a result因此，所以；on the contrary (与此)相反，正相反。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。Unit 5 Music
课前预习导学
课标导航
功能 1.Making suggestions I'd like to suggest... Let me say that... Why don't we...？ How/What about...？ What do you think...？ I think we should...2．Talking about preference I prefer/hate...because... I(don't)enjoy/appreciate...because... I really like/love...because... He/She is outstanding/wonderful/attractive...
句型 so that 句型as if后的从句用虚拟语气
语法 定语从句(介词＋which/whom引导的定语从句)Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs，for which they are paid in cash.However，after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work...
写作 Practical writing：introducing a person
考点 performance(2012浙江高考，7) confident(2012山东高考，33) break up(2012陕西高考，19) earn (2011辽宁高考，24) break into(2011江西高考，30) break out(2011江西高考，35) come up with(2011全国高考Ⅰ，26) above all (2011安徽高考，24) 介词＋关系代词(which/whom)引导的定语从句(2012湖南高考，34/2012四川高考，13/2011江西高考，34/2011浙江高考，8等)
主题导读
Music is a language for people to express feelings and ideas.But there are as many different kinds of music as different languages.Here are a few well known types for you.
Classical music，which is also called art music，is serious western European music from Middle Ages to the present and it is often written for an orchestra or a small group of players and is also written to be sung as opera. Classical music is often taught in schools.
Jazz developed in the southern states of North America at the beginning of the 20th century.The black people of these states，who were original slaves from Africa，had their own rhythms (节奏)．Jazz brought classical music and African rhythms together.
Blues was originally black country music，which also came from the southern states of the 20th century.It is slow，usually sad music，which is often sung by one person with a guitar.It becomes faster and more complex and uses more instruments.The music is often about city life and white musicians start playing it as well.It spread to Europe in the 1960s and is now known in most countries.
Pop music developed from Rock and Roll in America，Britain and Europe in the 1960s.It is very popular with the youth and is usually played by groups with electric instruments.We can buy records or hear on “pop radio”，and make videos to go with their records.There are many popular singers in different countries.
Folk music is made up of the old songs of a people.Most folk songs begin in distant areas.One person makes up a song，and other people hear it and learn to sing it.Some folk songs have been passed on in this way for hundreds of years.
诱思探究
1．Which kind of music do you like best？Give your reasons.
2．Why is the pop music very popular with the youth
Keys：The answers are various.
基础导练
Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1．______ n．音乐→______ n．音乐家
2．______ vt.假装；假扮
3．______ n．过路人；行人→______ (pl.)
4．______ adj.额外的；外加的
5．______ vt.&vi.表演；履行；执行→______ n．表演；演奏→______ n．表演者；执行者
6．______ n．工作室；演播室→______ n．(pl.)
7．______ n．百万→______ n．百万富翁；富豪
8．______ n．男演员；行动者→______n．女演员
9.______ n．广播；播放 vi.&vt.广播；播放→______(过去分词)
10．______ n．幽默→______ adj.幽默的；诙谐的
11．______ adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
12．______ vt.吸引；引起→______ n．吸引；吸引力→______ adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的
13．______ adj.自信的；确信的→______ n．信任(赖)；自信
14．______ adj.简短的；简要的 n．摘要；大纲→______ adv.简要地；短暂地
15．______ n．投入；热爱→______ v．奉献；致力；专心→______ adj.挚爱的；忠诚的
16．______vt.邀请→______n．邀请；招待
17．______ adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的
18．______ adj.痛苦的；疼痛的→______ n．疼痛
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．____________ 梦见；梦想；设想
2．____________ 说实在地；实话说
3．____________ 用现金；有现钱
4．____________ 戏弄
5．____________ 依赖；依靠
6．____________ 大约
7．attach...to ____________
8．be/get familiar with____________
9．break up ____________
10．in addition ____________
11．sort out ____________
12．above all ____________
Ⅲ.重点句型
1． ______ ______ ______，a lot of people ______ great importance ______ becoming rich and famous.
说实话，很多人把名和利看得很重。
2．The musicians were to ______ ______ ______ each other ______ ______ ______ play music，______ ______ ______ was based loosely on the Beatles.
组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
3．They produced a new record in 1996，______ ______ they celebrated their former time as a real band.
在1996年，他们推出了一张新的专辑，以此来庆祝他们真正成为乐队以来的那段时光。
4．Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked ______ ______ they were close friends.
一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，就像是他们的密友一样。
5．______ ______ a song，you are learning English grammar and vocabulary.
当你在唱歌时，你就是在学习英语语法和词汇。
答案：Ⅰ.1.music；musician 2.pretend 3.passer by；passers by 4.extra 5.perform；performance；performer 6.studio；studios 7.million；millionaire 8.actor；actress 9.broadcast；broadcast 10.humor；humorous 11.familiar 12.attract；attraction；attractive 13.confident；confidence 14.brief；briefly 15.devotion；devote；devoted 16.invite；invitation 17．sensitive 18.painful；pain
Ⅱ.1.dream of 2.to be honest 3.in cash 4．play jokes on 5.rely on 6.or so 7．认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接 8．熟悉；与……熟悉起来 9．打碎；分裂；解体 10．另外；也 11.分类 12．最重要；首先
Ⅲ.1.To be honest；attach；to 2.play jokes on；as well as；most of which 3.with which 4.as if 5．While singing
在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！
课堂合作探究
Part Ⅰ Warming Up，Pre reading，Reading & Comprehending
文本感知
阅读THE BAND THAT WASN'T，回答下列问题
1．Which is WRONG about a band when it is first formed
A．People form a band because they like to write and play music.
B．Many bands are formed by high school students.
C．They can earn some money by playing to passers by.
D．They will become famous once the band is formed.
2．Which is right about “the Monkees”？
A．It began as a TV show.
B．The members were serious about their clothes.
C．The members were all lively musicians.
D．The TV organizers easily found its members that they needed
3．Sometimes the musicians may play to passers by in the street or subway to ______.
A．attract others' attention
B．show their gift for performance
C．earn extra money or to pay for their instruments
D．play jokes on others
4．What's the main idea of the third paragraph
A．How most bands started.
B．The Monkees started in a different way.
C．How the Monkees became popular.
D．How the Monkees developed as a real band.
答案：1．D 2.A 3.C 4.B
导学互动
1．Rock'n' Roll 摇滚乐(P33，Warming Up)
roll vt.& vi.滚动；(使)摇摆
The tears rolled down her cheeks as she spoke.
她说话的时候，泪珠从面颊往下滚。
The ball was rolling on and on to the open goal.
那球向前滚啊滚，一直滚进球门。
The boat was rolling heavily in the lake.
那船在湖中摇晃得很厉害。
n. 摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈
The boy was doing rolls on the floor.
那男孩在地板上翻筋斗。
Please buy me a roll of film.
请给我买一卷胶卷。
短语链接
roll down 滚下来
roll in 滚滚而来；大量涌入
roll into...使卷成……
roll over 翻滚；翻转
roll up 把……卷起来
(1)介副词填空
①He rolled ______ his car window and waved to us.
②The little cat was rolling ______ on the floor，attracting the guest's attention.
③My mother was rolling the wool ______small balls to weave a sweater for me.
(2)单项填空
①The stone rolling ______the hill hit the boy rolling ______ on the ground.
A．down；up B．up；down C．down；over D．along；into
②The letters______ from all directions after she first appeared at the 2013 CCTV Spring Festival Gala.
A．rolled down B．rolled in C．rolled up D．rolled into
2．Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert...？(P34，Reading，L2 4)
你是否曾经梦想过在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众演唱……？
dream of(about)梦想；梦见；设想
I dreamed of(about) my former teacher last night.
昨晚我梦到了我的启蒙老师。
I never dream of your doing like that.
我万万没想到你会那样做。
短语链接
(1)
(2)
(1)介副词填空
①The girl dreams ______ becoming a famous singer in future.
②The story is purely dreamt ______，believe it or not.
③As a student，he shouldn't dream ______ his precious time.
(2)单项填空
①For many years，people ______ electric cars.However，making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A．had dreamed of B．have dreamed of
C．dreamed of D．dream of
②After many years' hard work，he came to ______his dream.
A．read B．realize C．dream D．go to
3．To be honest，a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.(P34，Reading，L6 8)
说实在地，很多人把名和利看得重要。
1)to be honest说实在地；实话说
To be honest，I don't like her very much.
说实话，我不是很喜欢她。
To be honest，I am not quite satisfied with what you said and done.
说实在地，我对你的所作所为不是很满意。
短语链接
(1)honestly speaking 老实说
(2)be honest
一语中的
Honestly speaking，he is honest with all of us，and always honest in pointing out our shortcomings in our work.
说实在地，他对我们所有人都很坦诚，总是诚恳地指出我们工作上的不足之处。
联想拓展
to tell the truth 老实说，说实话
to be frank 坦白(率)说
to be exact 确切地说
to be brief 简而言之
to begin/start with 首先
to make matters worse 更糟的是
(1)介词填空
①He was honest ______his past when looking for a job.
②If you are honest ______your teacher，he will forgive you for your mistakes.
③He is honest ______doing his business，so he is a person to be depended on.
(2)同义句改写
To be honest，your plan is not practical；it needs further improvement.
______ ______，your plan is not practical；it needs further improvement.
(3)单项填空
①______，the pay isn't attractive enough，though the job itself is quite interesting.
A．Generally speaking B．On the contrary
C．In particular D．To be honest
②______，I'd like to tell in brief the importance of the work.
A．To begin with B．To tell the truth
C．To make matters worse D．To be brief
2)attach...to认为有(重要性、意义等)；附上；连接
All of us attached great value to his suggestion at the meeting.
在会上我们都认为他的建议很有价值。
He attached a few words to the end of the letter，and then mailed it out.
他在信后附上了几句话，然后把它寄了出去。
He attached himself to me at the party and I couldn't get rid of him.
在聚会上他老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。
联想拓展
attach oneself to 依附于……；依恋于……
be/become attached to 附属于……；依恋于……
单项填空
(1)There was a nice little present for everyone，with a suitable poem ______ it.
A．attracted B．attacked C．attached D．attributed
(2)Parents ______ much importance to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A．attach B．pay C．link D．apply
(3)Both students and parents appreciate the great importance schools have ______ to eyesight protection.
A．reacted B．attended C．attached D．adapted
4．But just how do people form a band？(P34，Reading，L8)
但是，人们又是怎样组建乐队的呢？
form vt.(使)组成；形成；构成
A committee should be formed without delay to look into the case.
应马上成立一个委员会来调查此案件。
Group activities help to form a child's character.
团队活动对孩子性格的形成有所帮助。
Blue sky，white cloud and the singing birds form a beautiful picture in his mind.
蓝天、白云和欢唱的鸟儿在他脑海中构成一幅美好的画面。
联想拓展
(1)
(2)
The old lady has formed the habit of walking after supper.
那位老太太已养成了晚饭后散步的习惯。
(1)介词填空
①He was out______ form when the competition was coming nearer.
②He forms the habit______ getting up early.
③The workers took the form______ strike to get their pay raised.
④The problem should be solved ______ the form of peace.
(2)单项填空
①You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question.
A．in search of B．in the form of
C．in need of D．in the direction of
②This band is ______ of eight boys，including two Chinese.
A．made B．joined C．consisted D．formed
5．Sometimes they may play to passers by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.(P34，Reading，L11 12)
有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
1)passer by n．过路人，行人(复数形式为passers by)
He begged from one passer by to another.
他向路人一一乞讨。
The woman knelt on her knees to ask for help from the passers by.
那妇女双膝跪着向过往的人求助。
联想拓展
复合名词变复数时的规则：
(1)一般只将主体名词变为复数。如：
looker on→lookers on旁观者
mother in law→mothers in law岳母/婆婆
(2)没有主体名词时，在复合名词的词尾加 s或 es。如：
go between→go betweens中间人；媒人；经纪人
grown up→grown ups成年人
(3)以man及woman为词尾的复合名词，按man及woman的变化规则进行变化(注：German的复数形式为Germans)。如：
Englishman→Englishmen 英国人
policewoman→policewomen女警察
(4)man与woman置于前面构成复合名词时，前后两个名词同时变为复数。如：
man doctor →men doctors男医生
woman teacher →women teachers女教师
(1)写出下列名词的复数形式
①editor in chief ______
②sister in law ______
③grandchild ______
④tooth brush ______
⑤man servant ______
⑥woman nurse ______
⑦fisherman ______
(2)单项填空
①The police are questioning the ______ for further information about the quarrel.
A．passer bys B．lookers on
C．growns up D．woman servants
②There are five ______ and four______ in our team.
A．woman teachers；men doctor
B．women teacher；man doctors
C．women teachers；men doctors
D．woman teacher；man doctor
2)earn vt. 赚；挣得；获得
Do you know how much he earns a month
你知道他一个月挣多少钱吗？
His honesty earned him many friends.
他的诚实为他赢得了许多朋友。
词汇辨析
earn 强调经过艰苦努力而获得的报酬，宾语多为金钱、荣誉等理应得到的东西
win 指在竞赛或战斗中“赢得”或“获得胜利”，可以通过努力获得，也可以是凭运气偶然获得，其宾语为表示比赛、战斗或人的名词
gain 指通过努力或奋斗获得某种利益、好处或经验
一语中的
After many years' hard training，they gained rich experience and won the football match，earning respect from us all.
经过多年的艰苦训练，他们获得了丰富的经验，赢得了那场足球赛，获得了我们所有人的尊敬。
(1)用earn/win/gain的适当形式填空
①Do you know which team ______the match at last
②They ______ much practical experience by doing the part time jobs.
③The old man ______ his living by collecting wastes.
(2)单项填空
①You are old enough to ______ your own living.
A．win B．gain C．achieve D．earn
②The joke told by him______ a burst of laughter from the people present.
A．had B．earned C．won D．caught
③They ______ the match，but they didn't ______ the fame that they should be given.
A．won；earn B．earned；gain C．gained；earn D．won；gain
6．Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs，for which they are paid in cash.(P34，Reading，L12 13)
后来他们可以在酒吧或俱乐部演出，并为此得到现金报酬。
perform vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行
Cindy performed a dance for her class.
辛迪为全班同学表演了舞蹈。
One should always perform what one promises.
一个人应该说到做到。
We decided to send you to perform the task.
我们决定派你去执行这次任务。
联想拓展
(1)
(2)performance n．表演；演奏；履行
put on/give a performance 表演；演出
(3)performer n．表演者；执行者
(1)用perform的适当形式填空
①She will ______ a role in the film directed by Mr.Zhang.
②Liu Qian is a good magic ______ all over China.
③It is whispered that the well known actor will come to our city to put on ______.
(2)单项填空
①Your ______ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
A．operation B．growth C．performance D．character
②No matter how frequently ______，the works of Beethoven still attracted people all over the world.
A．performed B．performing C．to be performed D．being performed
7．The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music...(P34，Reading，L16)
组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑……
play a joke/jokes on和……开玩笑；戏弄……
It's impolite to play jokes on the disabled.
开残疾人的玩笑是不礼貌的。
On April Fool's Day I was played a joke on by my students.
愚人节那天我被学生给戏弄了。
Don't play a joke on that old man any more.It's impolite.
不要再和那位老人开玩笑了。这太不礼貌了。
联想拓展
(1)make a joke about 以……为笑柄
for/as a joke 当作笑话
tell a joke 讲笑话
joke about 拿……开玩笑；当儿戏
(2)make fun of sb.取笑某人
laugh at 嘲笑某人
play a trick/tricks on sb.和某人开玩笑；戏弄某人
make a fool of sb.愚弄某人；嘲笑某人
make a fool of oneself出丑；出洋相
(1)单句改错
①Nobody likes being played a joke in public.
________________________________________________________________________
②We'd better not make a fun of others' appearance.
________________________________________________________________________
③Don't make jokes on the old lady begging for meals.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)单项填空
①He likes playing jokes ______his friends，so he is not popular ______ them.
A．in；in B．on；on C．with；with D．on；with
②The little boy hopes that no______ will be played on him and wants to be respected.
A．fun B．tricks C．roles D．parts
③You'd better ______ what he said as a joke，please；don't be serious about it.
A．make B．treat C．play D．have
8．...they had to rely on other musicians to help them.(P34，Reading，L21 22)
……他们不得不依靠队里其他音乐人的帮助。
rely on/upon依赖；依靠
As a student，he relies entirely on his parents for food and clothes.
作为一名学生，他衣食全依赖父母。
We should rely on science and technology to build our country.
我们应该依靠科学和技术来建设我们的国家。
You can rely on it that he can finish the work well.
你可以信赖他会出色地完成那项工作。
短语链接
rely on
rely on it that... 相信……；指望……
联想拓展
depend on sb./sth.依靠(赖)某人/某物
depend on sb.for sth.某事依靠某人
depend on sb.to do sth.依靠某人做某事
That (It) all depends.视情况而定。
(1)同义句改写
①You can depend on me to keep the secret for you.
You can ______ ______ ______keeping the secret for you.
②We can rely on her to keep her promise.
We can ______ ______ ______ ______ she will keep her promise.
(2)单项填空
①In order to master the reading passage，you must rely ______ the context to help you.
A．for B．up C．on D．to
②—What are you going to do this weekend
—______.If time permits，I may go to Shanghai with my friends.
A．Don't mention it B．It doesn't matter
C．Forget it D．It depends
9．They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.(P34，Reading，L25 26)
他们非常走红，这使得他们的歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。
familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
Her face seems familiar，but I can't remember her name.
她看上去有点面熟，但我记不起她的名字来了。
This is a familiar way to solve such problems.
这是解决这类问题常见的一种方法。
联想拓展
be/get familiar with熟悉……
be/get familiar to 为……所熟悉
Are you familiar with the customs in that country
你熟悉那个国家的风俗习惯吗？
Liu Qian is familiar to all of us for his excellent magic performances.
刘谦因为他精彩的魔术表演为我们所熟悉。
词汇辨析
familiar “熟悉的，常见的，亲近的”，be familiar with“熟知某人或某事”，表示一种主动关系；be familiar to“对于某人来说某事是熟悉的”表示一种被动关系
similar “ 相似的，类似的”，be similar to 表示“与……相似”，而be similar in “在某方面相似”
一语中的
I'm familiar with your brother，because he is similar to me in character.
我对你弟弟很熟悉，因为他在性格上与我相似。
(1)介词填空
①The teenagers are familiar ______ the songs sung by the singer.
②The voice on the phone sounded familiar ______ me，but I didn't know who it was.
(2)同义句改写
He is always willing to help others，so everyone here is familiar with him.
He is always willing to help others，so he is ______ ______ everyone here.
(3)单项填空
①That woman to whom you spoke just now looks quite ______ to me，but I don't know where I have met her before.
A．similar B．familiar C．same D．different
②I'm familiar ______ this car，which is not similar ______ yours.
A．with；with B．to；to C．with；to D．to；with
10．The band broke up about 1970...(P34，Reading，L32 33)
“门基乐队”大约在1970年左右解散……
break up打碎；分裂；解体；中断
She broke up the glass while washing it.
她在洗玻璃杯时把它打碎了。
After many years' war，the country broke up into three small ones.
多年战争过后，这个国家分裂成三个小国家。
The relationship between the two countries broke up for the spy event.
因间谍事件两国之间的关系中断了。
短语链接
break down 破坏；抛锚；(身体/精神)崩溃
break into突然闯入
break in打断
break through突破
break out突然爆发(不用于被动语态)
break off(使)分离，脱离；停止，断交
break away from脱离；摆脱
break up with与……断绝关系
(1)介副词填空
①For some reason，they divorced，and then the family broke ______.
②The ship broke ______ on the visit to the Antarctic.
③It was reported that a violent earthquake broke ______ in Japan on March 11,2011.
④The local people broke ______ the government building，disturbing the regular office work.
(2)单项填空
①He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air conditioning system ______.
A．broke in B．broke up C．broke out D．broke down
②—I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have______.
—So am I．They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A．broken up B．finished up C．divided up D．closed up
③We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ______ into the office during the night.
A．broke B．had broken C．has broken D．was breaking
答案：1．(1)①down ②over ③into
(2)①C 提示：句意为：“从山上滚下来的那块石头砸着了那个在地上打滚的男孩。”roll down “滚下”；roll over“翻滚”；roll up“卷起”；roll into“使卷成……”。
②B 提示：句意为：“她第一次在2013年央视春晚露面之后，大量信件从四面八方涌入。”roll in“大量涌入”。
2．(1)①of ②up ③away
(2)①B 提示：根据题中的时间状语for many years可知，题中应该用完成时，排除C项和D项；再根据后面句子的时态判断应该为现在完成时，答案为B项。
②B 提示：realize one's dream“实现梦想”；read a dream“解梦”；go to one's dream“进入梦乡”；dream a dream做梦。
3．1)(1)①about ②with ③in
(2)Honestly speaking
(3)①D 提示：句意为：“说实话，尽管这份工作本身十分令人感兴趣，但是报酬不足以吸引人。”generally speaking“一般来说”；on the contrary“相反地”；in particular“尤其，特别”；to be honest“老实说”。
②A 提示：句意为：“首先，我想简要谈谈这项工作的重要性。”to begin with“首先”；符合句意。to tell the truth“说实话”；to make matters worse“更糟糕的是”；to be brief“简而言之”。
2)(1)C 提示：attract“吸引，引起”；attack“攻击，评击”；attach“使依附，贴上”；attribute“归属，把……归于”。句意为：“每个人都有一份精美的小礼物，上面附有一首贴切的诗。”attach与poem之间为动宾关系。
(2)A 提示：句意为：“父母亲都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠。”attach much importance to “非常重视……”。
(3)C 提示：句意为：“学生和家长赞赏学校对学生眼睛保护的重视。”attach great importance to“认为……重要”。schools have attached to eyesight protection为定语从句。
4．(1)①of ②of ③of ④in
(2)①B 提示：句意为：“以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌。”in the form of “以……的形式”。in search of “寻找”；in need of “需要”；in the direction of “朝……方向”。
②D 提示：句意为：“这支乐队由八个男孩组成，其中有两个是中国人。”“由……组成”可用be made up of，be formed of或consist of表示。
5．1)(1)①editors in chief ②sisters in law
③grandchildren ④tooth brushes ⑤men servants ⑥women nurses ⑦fishermen
(2)①B 提示：本题考查复合名词复数形式：passer by→passers by；grown up→grown ups；woman servant→women servants，故正确答案应该为B项。
②C 提示：man和woman置于名词前面构成复合名词时，其复数形式应该把前后两个名词都变成复数形式。
2)(1)①won ②gained ③earns
(2)①D 提示：win“赢得”；gain“获得，增加，赚到”；achieve“达到，完成”；earn“挣得，赚得，获得”。earn one's living “谋生”，固定短语。句意为：“你年纪足够大了，应该自己谋生了。”故D项正确。
②B 提示：句意为：“他讲的那个笑话博得在场人的一阵笑声。”earn“博得，获得”。
③D 提示：win a/the match“赢得比赛”；gain“获得(荣誉、名声)”。
6．(1)①perform ②performer ③performances
(2)①C 提示：考查名词。句意为：“如果你养成思考如何学习的习惯，作为学生，你的表现将会是优秀的”。operation“操作，运转，经营”；growth“成长”；performance“表现，行为，成就”；character“性格，特征”。
②A 提示：the works of Beethoven与perform之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，此处是让步状语从句的省略，即No matter how frequently they are performed。
7．(1)①joke后面加on ②去掉a ③on→about
(2)①D 提示：play a joke/jokes on sb.“与某人开玩笑”；be popular with sb.“受某人欢迎”。
②B 提示：play tricks on sb.“戏弄某人”；make fun of sb.“取笑某人”。由句中的played on，排除A项。句意为：“这小孩希望不被戏弄，想得到别人的尊重。
③B 提示：treat...as a joke“把……当成玩笑”。
8．(1)①rely on my ②rely on it that
(2)①C 提示：句意为：“为了掌握所阅读文章，你必须依靠上下文语境来帮助你。”rely on...to...“依靠……来做……”。
②D 提示：考查交际用语。Don't mention it.意为“别客气，没关系，别放在心上”；It doesn't matter.意为“没关系”；Forget it.意为“休想！算了吧！别客气，没关系”；It depends.意为“视情况而定”。由第二句中的“如果时间允许的话，我可能和我的朋友们去上海”可知，本周末要做什么事情还没有定下来，因此应用It depends。
9．(1)①with ②to (2)familiar to
(3)①B 提示：look familiar to sb.“对某人来说看起来熟悉”。
②C 提示：句意为：“我对这辆车很熟悉，它和你的车不一样。”be familiar with “对……熟悉”；be similar to (in)“在……方面与……相似”。
10．(1)①up ②down ③out ④into
(2)①D 提示：考查动词词组辨析。句意为：“他不得不时而停下来擦擦额头上的汗，因为空调坏了”。break in “插话”；break up “打碎，(学校)放假，解散”；break out “爆发，发生”；break down “出毛病，停止运转”。根据句意可知选D项。
②A 提示：break up“打碎，(关系)破裂”；finish up“结束，告终”；divide up“分割”；close up“关闭”。句意为：“听到苏和保罗关系破裂的消息我感到吃惊。”由句意可知A项正确。
③B 提示：根据主句谓语的时态及题意可知，“有人在夜里闯入办公室”发生在“我们早晨到达办公室”之前，所以用过去完成时，答案为B项。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。Unit 5 Music
Part Ⅱ Grammar
语法指南
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句是一个难点，也是高考的重要考点。其使用的关系代词一般是which，whom或whose，在句中既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在学习时我们要注意以下几点：
(1)关系代词的选用
在介词后作宾语的关系代词一般只有which，whose和whom。如果先行词是物，引导词用which；如果先行词是人，则引导词用whom；whose适用于两者。
This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.
这是我去上海时所乘坐的船。
This is the student for whom I bought the book.
这是我给买书的那个学生。
The boss in whose firm I worked for 10 years retired yesterday.
我供职十年的那家公司的老板昨天退休了。
(2)介词的选用
确定“介词＋关系代词”中介词的方法主要有以下四种：
①根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用
The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
和我说话的那个人起先没有回答。(speak to)
The West Lake，for which Hangzhou is famous，is a beautiful place.
西湖是个美丽的地方，杭州以此而闻名。(be famous for)
②根据先行词来确定
In his room，we saw a big table on which there were all kinds of books.
在他的屋子里，我看见一张上面放着各种书的大桌子。(on the table)
Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many problems.
昨天我们开了一个会，会上我们讨论了许多问题。(at the meeting)
③根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定
Air，without which man can't live，is really important.
空气确实太重要了，没有它人类就不能生存。
④有时需要同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和先行词的搭配关系
The clever boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what was happening inside the house.
这个聪明的孩子在墙上挖了一个洞通过它看到屋里面发生的事情。(see something through the hole)
(3)介词的位置
介词若与从句中的动词词组有关，可置于关系代词前，也可置于动词后，但若此介词与动词为固定词组，则此介词一般不前置。例如：
①Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
→Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun once lived in.
昨天，我们参观了鲁迅的故居。
②This is the very pen that I'm looking for.
这就是我正在寻找的那支钢笔。(look for为固定词组，介词for不前置)
③The patient whom the nurse looked after was becoming better and better.(look after为固定搭配，介词after不前置)
那护士照顾的那个病人正在好转。
(4)在限制性定语从句中，介词前置时，关系代词不能用that，且不能省略；若介词后置，则可以用that，也可以省略。
例如：
This is the school in which I studied 3 years ago.
这就是三年前我在此学习过的那所学校。
→This is the school(which/that)I studied in 3 years ago.
(5)表示所属关系时，介词应用of，关系代词为which/whom，即 n．＋of＋which/whom，可转换为whose＋n.。例如：
①He lives in a room， the window of which faces west.
→He lives in a room whose window faces west.
他住在一个房间里，房间的窗子向西开着。
②The child was saved by a man，the name of whom was not known.
→The child was saved by a man，whose name was not known.
这个孩子被一位不知姓名的男子所救。
(6)表示“整体中的一部分”或“……中最……的”，介词一般也用of。例如：
①The Greens have two daughters，both of whom are college students.
格林夫妇有两个女儿，她们都是大学生。
②China has many rivers，the longest of which is the Yangtze River.
中国有众多河流，最长的是长江。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
