Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Part Ⅳ Writing
写作指导
一、佳作展示与背诵
假如你叫李华，请根据下表内容给中国野生动物保护协会CWCA(China Wildlife Conservation Association)的会长写一封建议信。
问题 1990年藏羚羊的数量大约有100万只，现在只剩下不到10万只，数量急剧减少
原因 为了获取藏羚羊的皮毛，谋取暴利，非法捕杀藏羚羊的事仍然时有发生
建议 ①利用本协会的影响力加大对保护藏羚羊的宣传力度②增加用于藏羚羊保护的资金③建议协会派出一些志愿者来协助保护藏羚羊
Dear President，
I'm writing to give some suggestions to further protect the Tibetan antelopes.As is often reported，too many Tibetan antelopes are being hunted and killed illegally for their fur.By selling the fur，the illegal hunters can make great profits.As a result，the number of the Tibetan antelopes is decreasing rapidly from about 1,000,000 in 1990 to less than 100,000 at present.
Immediate measures must be taken to solve the present situation.First，the importance of protecting the Tibetan antelopes should be advertised through your association.Second，would you provide more money for the preservation(protection) of the antelopes？Last but not least，I suggest that some volunteers be sent there to help protect them.
These are my suggestions and I hope they could mean something for a better future of the Tibetan antelopes.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
二、思路点拨
建议信属于应用文。通常向对方传达对某事物的关心和针对某事物的不足之处提出改进的建议和措施。
建议信的写作格式一般由称呼、正文、结尾、落款四部分构成。
正文是建议信最重要的一部分，一般由三部分构成：
第一，首先阐明提出建议的原因、理由以及自己的目的、想法。这样可以让对方从实际出发，考虑你建议的合理性，为采纳你的建议打下基础。
第二，分条列出建议的内容，这样比较醒目；建议要具体明白、切实可行。
第三，提出希望自己的建议被采纳的想法。但同时也应礼貌、谦虚，不用命令性的口气。
写作时一定要注意：
1．符合书信的基本格式；
2．语气要委婉，用词要得体；
3．结构要合理，应合理安排所写的内容，使所写文章有条理、符合逻辑；
4．建议要有说服力。
三、经典句式
1．As is often reported，too many Tibetan antelopes are being hunted and killed illegally for their fur.本句使用了as引导的非限制性定语从句。
2．Last but not least，I suggest that some volunteers be sent there to help protect them.本句运用了省略should的虚拟语气。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Part Ⅱ Grammar
语法指南
现在进行时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态由“is/am/are＋being＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，表示“某事/某人正在被……”之意。
(1)将现在进行时的主动语态变为被动语态的关键是把be doing变为be being done。
→The students are cleaning the classroom now.
学生们正在打扫教室。
→The classroom is being cleaned by the students now.
教室正在被学生们打扫。
(2)现在进行时的被动语态注意要点
①注意不可遗漏being
Look！The children are being taken care of by their aunt.
瞧！孩子们正由他们的姑妈照看着。
②可与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的事情的推测
The problem may be being discussed.
这个问题可能正在讨论中。
Listen！He must be being criticized by the teacher.
听！他一定是在挨老师的批评。
③注意不可忽视“现阶段”
现在进行时的被动语态也可表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作。
Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
如今许多有趣的实验正在进行着。(说话时，并不一定正在进行)
④注意无进行时被动语态的动词
一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，一般不用现在进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态。
Xiao Wang，come here.You are wanted on the phone.
小王，过来，有你的电话。
Football is becoming more and more popular.In other words，it is loved by more and more people.
足球现在越来越流行了，换句话说，它被越来越多的人喜爱。
⑤“be＋under/in等介词＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动含义
The problem is under discussion(＝is being discussed)at the meeting.
这个问题正在会上讨论。
The telephone is in use(＝is being used)now.
这部电话正在使用中。
⑥表示一种经常性的行为，常和always，constantly等副词连用，表示赞扬或厌恶的感彩
He is always being praised by the leader.
他总是受到领导的表扬。
I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop are constantly being stolen.
我们商店里的商品老是被偷，这令我感到很困惑。
⑦现在进行时的被动语态不与表示时间或次数的状语连用
这块手表修了两次了。
The watch is being repaired twice.(误)
The watch has been repaired twice.(正)
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。Unit 4 Wildlife protection
课前预习导学
课标导航
功能 1.Expressing intentionsI'm going to...I intend/mean/plan to...I will...I'd like to...I'd rather not...I'm ready to...I feel like...2．Expressing purposesto help/save...to protect...from...so that...in order to...to teach them a lessonto punish those who do harm to wildlife
句型 what引起的感叹句so that引导的从句
语法 现在进行时的被动语态We're being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.I wonder what is being done to help you.
写作 Persuasive writing：letter of advice
考点 fierce(2012浙江高考，10) reserve(2011福建高考，28) relief (2010山东高考，33) so that(2012四川高考，11/2010全国高考Ⅰ，25) 现在进行时的被动语态(2012四川高考，11/2012安徽高考，35/2010陕西高考，24/2010天津高考，31等)
主题导读
Wolong is in Sichuan Province of China.From Chengdu，it is about four hours' drive.It's a highland with almost one thousand metres above sea level.The Wolong Giant Panda Reserve Centre is one of the earliest research bases founded in the early 1980s.
Today，the Reserve Centre has been turned into the Giant Panda Breeding Centre focusing on research works on breeding and bamboo ecology.The semi nature enclosures (半自然封闭场) are very large wild areas but protected by border fences.Those giant pandas to be released (释放)back to the wild will be put in the semi nature enclosures for a long enough period of time for them to adapt to the natural environment.Although food has to be provided，the giant pandas will sleep there，eat there and recover their natural survival skills there until they can be released back to the wild.
Lesser Panda，also called Red Panda is another type of endangered animal.They look very much different from giant pandas—they are much smaller，with brown and black fur，and long tails.They are more active and are skilled climbers.But they are no less beautiful and lovely than the giant pandas.
诱思探究
1．What's your opinion of the wildlife protection
2．Can you give a description of another wildlife reserve
答案：The answers are various.
基础导练
Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1．____ n．保护→______ v．保护→______adj.保护的；防御的
2．______ vi.&vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少→______vt.&vi.(反义词)增加；使增加
3．______ vt.&vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻→hunting n．打猎；猎取→______ n．猎手；搜寻者
4．______ vi.回答；响应；作出反应→______ n．回答；反应；回应
5．______ adj.远的；远处的→______ n．距离；远处(方)
6．______ n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→______ adj.仁慈的；宽大的
7．______ n．重要(性)→______ adj.重要的
8．______ adj.强大的；有力的→______ adj.(反义词)无能为力的；无力量的；无权力的→______ adv.强有力地→______ n．权力；权势；支配力
9．______ vt.影响；感动；侵袭→affecting adj.使人感动的→affection n．感情；挚爱
10．______ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→______ n．欣赏；感激之情→appreciative adj.赞赏的；感激的
11．______ vi.成功 vt.接替；继任→______ n．成功→______ adj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地
12．______ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→______ n．雇员→______ n．雇主→employment n．就业；雇用
13．______ n．&vt.损害；危害→______ adj.有害的→______ adj.无害的
14．______ vt.&vi.咬；叮；刺痛→______(过去式)→______(过去分词)
15．______ vt.检查；视察→______ n．视察；检阅→______ n．检查员；视察者；视察员
16．______ n．灰尘；尘土；尘埃→______ adj.布满灰尘的
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．____________ 灭亡；逐渐消失
2．____________和平地；和睦地；安详地
3．____________如释重负；松了一口气
4．____________突然笑起来；大声笑了出来
5．____________形成；产生
6．according to ____________
7．pay attention to ____________
8．protect...from... ____________
9．in danger(of)____________
10．so that ____________
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．There Daisy saw an antelope ______ ______.
在那里，戴茜看到一只藏羚羊面带忧郁的神色。
2．Daisy turned around and found that she ______ ______ ______ by an elephant.
戴茜转身并发现一头大象正注视着她。
3．It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I'd like to help ______ the WWF ______.
这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
4．They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，______ ______ humans came into being...
千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类出现要早得多……
5．Others think the earth got ______ ______ for the dinosaurs ______ ______ ______ any more.
另外一些科学家认为，地球变得太热，因此恐龙无法在地球上生活了。
答案：Ⅰ.1.protection；protect；protective 2.decrease；increase 3.hunt；hunter 4.respond；response 5.distant；distance 6.mercy；merciful 7.importance；important 8.powerful；powerless；powerfully；power 9.affect 10.appreciate；appreciation 11.succeed；success；successful 12.employ；employee；employer 13.harm；harmful；harmless 14.bite；bit；bitten 15.inspect；inspection；inspector 16.dust；dusty
Ⅱ.1.die out 2.in peace 3.in relief 4.burst into laughter 5.come into being 6.按照；根据……所说 7.注意 8.保护……不受……(危害) 9.在危险中；垂危 10.以至于；结果
Ⅲ.1.looking sad 2.was being watched 3.as；suggests 4.long before 5.too hot；to live on
在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！
课堂合作探究
Part Ⅰ Warming Up，Pre reading，Reading & Comprehending
文本感知
阅读HOW DAISY LEARNED TO HELP WILDLIFE，回答下列问题
1．How many places did the flying carpet take Daisy to
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
2．What did Daisy learn from her dream experiences
A．Some animals were becoming endangered as a result of humans' hunting.
B．Wildlife should be helped and protected by humans.
C．Humans and wildlife can benefit each other in many ways.
D．All of the above.
3．The sentence “No rainforest，no animals，no drugs” means ______.
A．there was no drug in the rainforest
B．animals in the rainforest didn't need drugs
C．rainforests，drugs and animals resulted in and from each other
D．drugs were important for animals and the rainforest
4．The best way to help wildlife accordingly is to ______.
A．give money to the people who hunt animals，farmers included
B．put the endangered animals in some areas to protect
C．cut the using amount of the materials，wool，for example，from animals
D．educate people to learn the relationships between humans and animals—no animals，no humans
答案：1．B 2.D 3.C 4.D
导学互动
1. ...their numbers may decrease.(P25，Warming Up)
……它们的数目可能会减少。
decrease vt.& vi. 减少；(使)变小；或变少
The workers want to decrease the number of working hours and increase their pay.
工人们想减少工作时间并增加工资。
The exports of that company have decreased by 10% because of the global financial crisis.
由于全球金融危机，那家公司的出口已减少了百分之十。
The population of the city has decreased to 1,000,000 by this year.
到今年为止这个城市的人口减少到了一百万。
知识小结
decrease
联想拓展
(1)
(2)
The birthrate of our country is on the decrease.
我国的出生率正在下降。
词汇辨析
decrease 意为“缩短，变小，减少”，指速度、体积、数量、价值等的减少，强调逐渐减少的过程
reduce 意为“减少，降低”，指物体在大小、外观上的减少，也常指价格、地位、级别的降低，强调缩小的结果
The wage of the miners was reduced.
矿工工资减少了。(结果)
Our sales are decreasing.
我们的销售量在不断减少。(过程)
(1)介词填空
①We have done something to stop it，so the crime here is ______ the decrease.
②Housing sales in this area have decreased ______10% this year.
③We have no idea when the price of housing decreases ______ the level we can afford.
(2)用decrease/increase/reduce的适当形式填空
①The student doesn't like his English teacher，so his interest in English gradually ______.
②He ______ his speed to overtake the lorry.
③Nowadays more and more people are trying to ______ their weight to keep fit.
(3)单项填空
①With his age ______，my father's memory is ______ year by year.
A．increasing；reducing B．increase；decreasing
C．to increase；developing D．increasing；decreasing
②Over the past decades，sea ice ______ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A．had decreased B．decreased
C．has been decreasing D．is decreasing
2．As a result these endangered animals may even die out.(P25，Warming Up)
结果，这些濒危的动物甚至可能会消亡。
die out灭亡；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭
This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
因栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。
With society developing，many customs are dying out.
随着社会的发展，许多风俗在逐渐消失。
The fire is dying out.You'd better add some firewood.
火快灭了，你最好添点儿柴火。
联想拓展
(1)
(2)
The soldier died from a wound.
那战士因受伤严重不治身亡。
The baby died of a fever.
那婴儿因发烧而夭折。
She is dying to see you.
她渴望见到你。
词汇辨析
die out 指家族、种族“灭绝，灭亡”；或做法、观念、物种“完全消失，绝迹”
die away 指声音、风速、光线“变弱，渐渐消失”
die off 指家族或种族“相继死去”或草木等“先后枯死”
die down 指风、火、气氛、兴奋程度或情感等“减弱或渐息”
The sound of their laughter died away.
他们的笑声渐渐消失了。
As she got older，her relatives died off.
随着她年龄的增长，她的亲戚都相继离世。
It took a long time for the excitement to die down.
兴奋的心情很久才能平静下来。
(1)介副词填空
①This kind of rare animal would die ______soon if men continued to hunt.
②The noise of the car died ______ in the distance.
③After a while the fire died ______.
④Autumn is coming here and the grass is dying ______.
⑤To die ______one's own country is a glorious death.
⑥It was reported that he died ______ cancer.
⑦Now many people die ______ polluted air and water.
(2)单项填空
①If we don't take steps，the Tibetan antelopes and pandas will ______ some day just as dinosaurs，which is terrible.
A．die away B．die off C．die out D．die down
②Although the strong wind has ______，the rain remains steady，so you still take a raincoat.
A．turned up B．gone back C．died down D．blown out
3．too much hunting in the 1950s(P25，Warming Up)
20世纪50年代，狩猎盛行
hunt vt.& vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻
They used to hunt foxes in the forest.
他们过去常常在这片森林里猎取狐狸。
The people there make a living by hunting.
那里的人们靠打猎为生。
I've hunted everywhere for my book but I can't find it.
我到处寻找我的书，但没找到。
联想拓展
hunt for 追逐；搜寻；搜索
hunt through搜遍
hunt out搜寻出；把……追赶出来
hunter n．猎人；狩猎者
go hunting去打猎
He is hunting for his lost wallet.
他正在寻找他丢失的钱包。
He hunted through several drawers，but didn't hunt out the old diary.
他找遍了几个抽屉，但就是没找出那本旧日记。
(1)介副词填空
①The police are hunting ______ the spy in the building.
②I hunted ______ the whole room，but didn't find the tool.
③He went to many book stores and he finally hunted ______ the book he wanted.
(2)单项填空
Now a lot of wild animals are being ______ and sold to restaurants.
A．cared B．watched C．reserved D．hunted
4．about 30 40 remain after being left in peace with no hunting(P25，Warming Up)
在禁止捕猎后，大约有30至40只华南虎平静地生存着
in peace和平地；和睦地；安详地
Since the war broke out，the people there have lived no longer in peace.
自从战争爆发以来，那里的人们再没有和平地生活过。
It is our hope that we will live in peace for ever.
永久地和睦相处是我们的愿望。
My grandpa died in peace on New Year's Eve.
我祖父在除夕之夜安详地死去。
联想拓展
keep/break the peace维护/破坏和平
make peace with 与……和解
hold one's peace保持沉默
at peace with和睦；融洽
We are willing to be at peace with neighbouring countries rather than at war(with them)．
我们愿意和周边国家和平共处，而不是与他们处于战争之中。
词汇拓展
peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；不爱争吵的
peacefully adv.和平地
peace loving adj. 爱好和平的
peace maker n. 和事佬
(1)用peace的正确形式填空
①After years of wars，the people in that country longed for a lasting______.
②They hope for a ______ settlement of the dispute.
③The family lived______ and happily for a few years until the misfortune happened.
(2)介词填空
①It would be a wonderful world if all nations lived ______ peace with one another.
②They finally made peace ______ each other after two weeks of arguing.
(3)单项填空
The dispute was finally settled ______，not by war.
A．in peace B．in danger C．in fear D．in ruins
5．Why are they in danger of disappearing？(P25，Pre reading)
为什么它们面临灭绝的危险？
in danger (of)在危险中；处境危险
Another famous animal in danger is the giant panda.
另一种著名的濒临灭绝的动物是大熊猫。
If you do it like this，you are in danger of losing your job.
如果你这样下去，就有失业的危险。
联想拓展
out of danger 脱离危险
help sb.out of danger帮助某人脱离危险
run the danger of冒……的危险
There is a danger of...有……的危险
full of danger充满危险
The man was in danger of losing his life，but the doctor helped him out of danger.
那个人有生命危险，但是医生帮助他脱离了危险。
联想拓展
dangerous adj.危险的(指对别人构成威胁的)
endangered adj.(动、植物)濒临灭绝的
endanger vt.危及；使处于险境中
(1)用dangerous/endangered/in danger/out of danger填空
①The dog is ______，so when you are close to it，you are ______.You have to go far away from it so as to get ______.
②Cutting down the forest will make many animals ______.
(2)单项填空
①The global warming has made the small country in Pacific a/an______ nation.
A．dangerous B．endanger C．endangered D．danger
②—I hear Mary was injured in a car accident and was ______ of losing her life.
—Yes.But now she is ______.
A．in danger；out of danger B．in the danger；out of the danger
C．in the danger；out of danger D．in danger；out of the danger
6．Daisy responded immediately.(P26，Reading，L4)
戴茜立刻回答道。
respond vi. 回答；响应；作出反应
He is always active in responding to the teacher's questions during class.
上课期间他总是积极回答老师的问题。
She responded to my suggestion with a smile.
她对我的建议报之一笑。
联想拓展
(1)
(2)react to 作出反应
词汇辨析
respond 通常指对号召、职责等做出的响应或反应；侧重于行动的回答或响应
answer 用法广泛，可指用书面、口头、行动来对别人的请教、询问、质问等做出反应或回答；侧重于口头或书面的回答
reply 指比较正式的、经过考虑后的答复，多指对某一陈述或主张的回答，特别是对相反意见、议论的答复
Can you answer my questions in Chinese
你能用汉语回答我的问题吗？
After two weeks，the boss replied to their demand.
两周过后，老板对他们的要求做出了答复。
单项填空
①The terrorists______ the government's statement with more violence.
A．responded to B．led to C．stuck to D．belonged to
②No respond was______rapidly______our complaints from the company.
A．gave；to B．made；to C．offered；for D．given；for
③The famous singer kept silence ______ the blame from the media.
A．in respond B．in respond to C．responded to D．responding
7．In relief Daisy burst into laughter.(P26，Reading，L16)
戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。
relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；宽慰
The medicine will give you some relief.
这种药会缓解你的痛苦。
It is a great relief that my father has recovered.
我爸爸已康复，这是一种极大的宽慰。
联想拓展
(1)
(2)
To my relief，my son was slightly injured in the accident.
使我感到宽慰的是，儿子在这一次事故中只受了轻伤。
The final exam was over，and the students went home in relief.
期终考试结束，学生们如释重负地回家了。
(1)介词填空
①Their coming to help relieved us ______ the heavy work.
②______ our relief，our son was admitted to a key university.
③The beautiful music brought her relief______ the pressure of life.
④She smiled ______ relief when she heard she had passed the exam.
(2)单项填空
To our great ______， George's illness proved not to be as serious as we had expected.
A．relief B．anxiety C．sorrow D．satisfaction
8．“I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes，”．..(P26，Reading，L28 29)
“我正在保护自己不受蚊虫叮咬，”……
protect...from/against保护……不受……(危害)
You'd better put on gloves to protect your hands from/against the cold.
你最好戴上手套保护你的手不受冻。
Don't worry.I'll try my best to protect you from being insulted.
不用担心，我会尽全力保护你不受侮辱。
词汇辨析
protect 指借用某种东西作为防御、保护的工具，使人或物免受伤害
defend 侧重指防御、保卫(国家)
guard 指小心翼翼地保持警惕、防止实际存在的或可能发生的危险，以确保人身安全，意为“防卫，护卫，警卫”。
The soldiers' duty is to defend their country against the enemy's invasion.
战士们的职责是保卫国家不受敌人侵犯。
The boss employed two persons to guard at the gate.
老板雇了两个人看大门。
She applied some sun cream over her body to protect her skin from the strong sunlight.
她在身上涂抹了一些防晒霜，以保护皮肤免受强烈的日光的伤害。
(1)用defend/guard/protect填空
①The troops have been sent there to______ our nation's borders.
②Two soldiers ______ at the gate of the government building to prevent anyone getting in or out.
③We should take measures to ______ the river from pollution.
(2)单项填空
①He was wearing dark glasses to ______ his eyes against the sun.
A．prevent B．protect C．defend D．guard
②Some animals，in order to protect themselves ______ by enemies，go out for food at night.
A．not to attack B．not to be attacked
C．from attacking D．against being attacked
9．It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26，Reading，L29 30)
它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。
1)contain vt. 包含；容纳；控制
Orange juice contains a lot of things which help keep people healthy.
橘子汁里含有很多对人身体有益的成分。
The hall can contain 2,000 people.
这个大厅能容纳2,000人。
She was unable to contain her excitement.
她无法抑制内心的激动。
词汇辨析
contain 表示包含所含之物的全部，侧重于所包含的成分
include 着重指被包含的内容是整体的一部分
一语中的
The container contains many kinds of fruits，including apples/apples included.
这容器盛放着许多种水果，其中包括苹果。
(1)用contain/include的适当形式填空
①As we all know，sea water ______ salt.
②The classroom is big enough to ______more than 80 students.
③Many people like the girl in Xi Dan，me ______.
④Thirty people，______ six doctors，were sent to the earthquake hit areas.
(2)单项填空
①Little Jonny felt the bag，curious to know what it______.
A．collected B．contained
C．loaded D．saved
②The book ______ forty maps, ______ three of China.
A．contains；includes B．including；contains
C．includes；containing D．contains；including
2)affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭
The noise from the coming and going cars of the street affected our study.
马路上来往车辆的噪音影响了我们的学习。
The disease has affected millions of people in the world every year.
这种疾病每年使全世界数百万人受到感染。
联想拓展
be greatly/deeply affected 深受感动
affection n．喜爱
effect n．影响
have an effect on/upon sb./sth.对某人(事)有影响
(1)介词填空
①After listening to his sad story，every one present was affected ______ tears.
②Take this medicine without worry；it has no side effect ______ you.
(2)单项填空
①The people all over the world were deeply ______ by the news.
A．effected B．attacked C．affected D．discouraged
②The films which ______ us many years ago still have an ______on our children.
A．affected；affect B．effected；affection C．affected；effect D．effected；effect
10．You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26，Reading，L30 31)
你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
1)pay attention to注意
Nowadays the government pay more attention to the price of housing.
政府现在对房价给予了极大的关注。
You speak English well，but much attention should be paid to your written English.
你英语讲得很好，但应多加注意你的书面语。
联想拓展
give one's attention to...对……注意
hold/attract/draw/catch(one's)attention 吸引某人的注意
turn one's attention to...将注意力转移到……上
fix/focus one's attention on 将注意力集中于……上
direct one's attention to...将注意力转向……
devote one's attention to 专心于……
单句改错
①This is the problem that we should pay close attention.
________________________________________________________________________
②Much attention should be paid to stop people from destroying the rainforest.
________________________________________________________________________
2)appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到
Young as he is，he has a better ability of appreciating music.
虽然他很年轻，但他有较好的鉴赏音乐的能力。
We appreciate your offering help to us very much in time of difficulty.
我们对你在我们困难时期提供的帮助非常感激。
联想拓展
appreciate＋v. ing感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果/假如……我将不胜感激
appreciation n．欣赏；感激
I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with my English.
如果你能帮助我学英语，我将不胜感激。
词汇辨析
appreciate 指对事物有一定的了解并能鉴赏
enjoy 指从(做)某事中得到乐趣
Although a foreigner can't appreciate Beijing Opera，he can enjoy it.
尽管一个外国人不能鉴赏京剧，但他能从京剧中得到乐趣。
appreciate 后常接help，kindness等抽象名词作宾语
thank 后接表示人的名词或代词
I appreciate your kindness and at the same time thank your parents for sending us regards.
我非常感激你的一片好心，同时感谢你父母对我们的问候。
(1)单句改错
①They appreciated me for sending their father to hospital in time.
________________________________________________________________________
②We would appreciate you let us know of any problem.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)单项填空
①I would appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A．that B．it C．this D．you
②Chinese arts have won the ______ of a lot of people outside China.
A．enjoyment B．appreciation C．entertainment D．reputation
11．What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed？(P27，Comprehending)
野生动物保护要想成功必须采取什么措施？
succeed vi. 成功 vt. 接替；继任
So long as you study hard，you will succeed sooner or later.
只要你努力学习，你迟早会成功的。
After many years' hard work the scientists finally succeeded in sending the explorer to Mars.
经过多年的努力工作，科学家们最终成功地把探测器发送到了火星上。
短语归纳
一语中的
After he succeeded his father as the king of the country，he succeeded in dealing with the economic crisis.
他接替他父亲当上国王之后，成功地应对了经济危机。
联想拓展
success n．成功
successful adj.成功的
be successful in 在……成功
successfully adv. 成功地；顺利地
(1)同义句改写
To our joy，she succeeded in performing on the stage of the 2013 Spring Festival Gala.
To our joy，she ______ ______ perform on the stage of the 2013 Spring Festival Gala.
To our joy，she ______ ______ ______ performing on the stage of the 2013 Spring Festival Gala.
(2)单项填空
①Can you imagine a lazy boy like Tony succeeding ______the final exam
A．in passing B．to pass C．pass D．on passing
②Tom will succeed ______ your property after your death，but I don't think he is ______ success.
A．in；/ B．at；a C．to；a D．as；the
12．Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals？(P27，Comprehending)
他们能够被雇用在公园里工作并且不伤害动物吗？
employ vt. 雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
The manager wants to employ a girl as secretary.
那个经理想雇用一个女孩当秘书。
She employs most of her spare time to study English.
她利用大部分业余时间来学英语。
联想拓展
(1)
(2)
(3)
He was busily employed in writing the novel.
他忙着写小说。
She was employed to look after the patient.
她受雇来照顾病人。
词汇辨析
employ 指长期“雇用”
hire 指临时或短期“雇用或租用”
rent “租用或租借”，主要指房屋或土地
(1)用employ/hire/rent填空
①He wanted to ______ a house near the school to accompany his son.
②The boss wants to ______ three men as sales representatives.
③During holidays we ______ a boat and went fishing.
(2)单项填空
①After graduation，my son was ______ by a state company.
A．retired B．hired C．rented D．employed
②You should ______ your time better to do your work well if you want to be promoted.
A．take B．employ C．cost D．improve
13．What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals？(P27，Comprehending)
如何惩罚那些伤害动物的人？
harm n. 损害；伤害；危害
The big storm did great harm to the crops.
那场暴风雨对庄稼造成了极大损害。
Your sharp words did much harm to her feelings.
你那尖刻的话语伤害了她的感情。
vt. 损害；危害
At no time should we do anything harming the interest of our country.
不论何时我们决不应做损害国家利益的事情。
The event will harm the relationship between the two countries.
这起事件将会危及两国关系。
联想拓展
harmful adj. 有害的；致伤的
be harmful to 对……有害
harmless adj. 无害的；未受损伤的
There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没坏处
(1)同义句改写
①Smoking harms your health.
Smoking ______ ______ ______ your health.
Smoking ______ ______ ______ your health.
②It does no harm to ask your teacher for more advice.
______ ______ ______ ______ in asking your teacher for more advice.
(2)单项填空
①Playing too many computer games does great ______ to your health.
A．harm B．injury C．damage D．hurt
②Reading in the strong sunlight for a long time will ______ your eyesight.
A．destroy B．injure C．harm D． damage
答案：1．(1)①on ②by ③to
(2)①decreases ②increased ③reduce
(3)①D 提示：句意为：“随着年龄的增长，我爸爸的记忆力在逐年衰退”。第一空应为“with＋n.＋现在分词”复合结构；在表示“记忆力的衰退”时，应用decrease。
②C 提示：由时间状语over the past decades可知，句中时态应为现在完成进行时。
2．(1)①out ②away ③down ④off ⑤for ⑥of ⑦from
(2)①C 提示：die away指声音、风速、光线“变弱，渐渐消失”；die off指“相继死去、枯死”；die out 指物种、观念的“消失，绝迹”；die down指风、火、气氛、兴奋程度或情感等“减弱或渐息”。由句意可知，C项正确。
②C 提示：句意为：“尽管劲风已经平息，但雨还在下，所以你仍应带上雨衣。”turn up “出现，调高音量”；go back “返回”；die down “逐渐变弱(消失)”；blow out “吹灭”。由句意可知，C项正确。
3．(1)①for ②through ③out
(2)D 提示：句意为：“现在很多野生动物被猎取后卖给餐馆。”care “关心”；watch “观察，观看”；reserve “保护”；hunt “猎取”。
4．(1)①peace ②peaceful ③peacefully
(2)①in/at ②with
(3)A 提示：句意为：“这个争端最后得以和平解决，而不是通过战争。”in peace “和平地”；in danger “在危险中”；in fear “恐惧地”；in ruins “严重受损，破败不堪”。
5．(1)①dangerous；in danger；out of danger ②endangered
(2)①C 提示：由句意可知题空处应填形容词，故排除B、D两项；dangerous“危险的”；endangered“濒临危险的”。句意为“全球变暖使太平洋上的这个小国成为一个濒临危险的国家”。
②A 提示：be in danger of “处在……危险之中”；be out of danger “脱离危险”。
6．①A 提示：句意为：“恐怖分子用更多的暴力来回应政府的声明。”respond to “回应，对……作出反应”；lead to “导致，通向”；stick to “坚持”；belong to “属于”。由句意可知，A项正确。
②B 提示：此处考查make a respond to的被动语态。句意为：“那家公司没有对我们的投诉作出迅速的回应。”
③B 提示：句意为：“那位著名歌手以沉默来应对来自媒体的指责。”in respond to“回应，响应”，为固定搭配。
7．(1)①of ②To ③from ④in
(2)A 提示：句意为：“让我们非常宽慰的是，证实乔治的病没有我们先前预料的那样严重。”relief“宽慰”；anxiety“担心，焦虑”；sorrow“悲伤”；satisfaction“满意”，由句意可知，此处应为to our great relief“令我们非常宽慰的是”。
8．(1)①defend ②guard ③protect
(2)①B 提示：protect...against... “保护……不受……(危害)”，符合句意。prevent“阻止”，与from连用；defend“保卫，防御”；guard“守卫，护卫，警卫”。
②D 提示：句意为：“为了保护自身不受敌人的攻击，一些动物晚上出去觅食。”protect...from(against)“保护……免受……”。themselves(animals)与attack之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
9．1)(1)①contains ②contain ③included ④including
(2)①B 提示：句意为：“小乔尼摸了摸袋子，好奇里面装了什么东西。”contain“容纳，包含”；collect“收集”；load“装载”；save“保留”。
②D 提示：句意为：“这本书里面有四十幅地图，其中包括三幅中国地图。”contain“含有，容纳”，强调所包含的全部内容；include则强调部分和整体的关系，including three of China＝three of China included。
2)(1)①to ②on
(2)①C 提示：effect“影响”，常用作名词；attack“袭击，攻击”；affect“影响，感动”；discourage“使泄气，使气馁”。由句意可知，此处应为“这个消息对全世界人们影响很大。”故C项正确。
②C 提示：affect及物动词，意为“影响”；have an effect on...意为“对……有影响”。
10．1)①attention后面加to ②stop→stopping
2)(1)①appreciated→thanked ②let→letting
(2)①B 提示：appreciate it if(when)．..，it 在此作形式宾语，指代其后的宾语从句。
②B 提示：句意为：“中国艺术已经赢得很多外国人的青睐。”enjoyment “乐趣，消遣”；appreciation “欣赏，赏识，鉴赏”；entertainment “娱乐”；reputation “名誉，名望”。由句意可知，B项正确。
11．(1)managed to；was successful in
(2)①A 提示：succeed in doing sth.(＝manage to do sth.)意为“成功地做成某事”。
②C 提示：句意为：“汤姆在你去世后会继承你的遗产，但我并不认为他是一个成功人士。”succeed to“继承”；succeed as “继任”；succeed in“成功(干某事)”。success用作可数名词时，表示“取得成功的人或事”。
12．(1)①rent ②employ ③hired
(2)①D 提示：句意为：“我儿子毕业后，受雇于一家国企。”hire“(临时)雇用”；rent“租借”；employ“雇用”。
②B 提示：句意为：“如果你想被提拔你应该好好利用时间把本职工作做好。”take用作“花费”讲时，其主语应为it，cost的主语应为表示物的名词；employ意为“雇用”也可用作“花费(时间或精力)”，主语为表示人的名词或代词；improve“改善，提高”，不合题意。
13．(1)①is harmful to；does harm to ②There is no harm
(2)①A 提示：do great harm to “对……造成巨大危害”；而do damage to则意为“对……造成损害/破坏”。
②C 提示：句意为：“长时间在强烈的阳光下读书会损害你的视力。”injure侧重指意外身体受到的伤害；destroy和damage是指某物受损，程度比较严重；harm则为损害，危害。由句意可知，C项正确。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Part Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
导学互动
1．What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes？(P29，Discovering useful structures)
如果你正被蚊子叮，你应该怎么办呢？
bite vt.& vi.(bit，bitten)咬；叮；刺痛
A snake from the bush bit her in the leg.
灌木丛中的一条蛇咬了她的腿。
A barking dog doesn't bite.
会叫的狗不咬人。
Once bitten，twice shy.
一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
联想拓展
take a bite of 咬……一口
bite at向……咬去
(1)介词填空
①We were almost bitten ______death by mosquitoes while camping.
②The boy took a bite ______ the apple，and then threw it away.
③The cat bit me ______ the arm while I was playing with it.
④A fierce dog bit ______ me when I was about to leave.
(2)单项填空
______ twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A．Being bitten
B．Bitten
C．Having bitten
D．To be bitten
2. ...long before humans came into being...(P30，Reading and listening)
……在人类出现之前很久……
come into being形成；产生(无被动语态)
We don't know when the universe came into being.
我们不知道宇宙是何时产生的。
Do you know when new China came into being
你知道新中国是何时诞生的吗？
联想拓展
come into existence形成；产生
come into action 开始行动
come into effect/force/operation 生效；实施
come into reality 实现；变成现实
come into use/service开始被使用
come into power/office当权；上台执政
come into fashion/style开始流行
come into sight/view看见，映入眼帘
单项填空
(1)Nobody knows when this old custom ______.
A．came into power B．came into effect
C．came into action D．came into being
(2)I am sure your idea will come into ______ in the near future.
A．existence B．effect C．reality D．fashion
3．When scientists inspected the bones...(P30，Reading and listening)
当科学家们观察它们的骨头时……
inspect vt. 检查；视察
The conductor will inspect passengers' luggage before they get on the train.
在上火车之前列车员会检查乘客的行李。
The general secretary will inspect the troops on National Day.
在国庆节这一天总书记要检阅部队。
联想拓展
inspection n. 检查；检阅；视察
carry out an inspection 展开调查
inspector n. 检查员；督导员
词汇辨析
inspect 指检查时注意细节的审视，含有“视察”之意
examine 指通过仔细的检查来找出缺点或漏洞
check 指检验或测试某物的准确度或真假以确保正确、安全等
investigate 指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况来进行深入细致地考察
(1)用inspect/examine/check/investigate的适当形式填空
①It is reported that the mayor will______ our factory tomorrow.
②He always ______ the bills to make sure they are right.
③You'd better have your body ______.
④The police are ______ the case of robbery that happened last night.
(2)单项填空
①Because incidents have happened one after another recently，all the mines should be ______ by government officials.
A．examined B．surveyed C．inspected D．investigated
②No matter how difficult it is，we have to ______ an inspection to find out the truth of the matter.
A．bring out B．carry out C．take out D．put out
4．According to a UN report...(P30，Reading and listening)
根据联合国的一份报告……
according to根据；按照；根据……所说
We are paid according to how much work we do.
我们是依据工作量来计酬劳的。
The work was done according to her instruction.
这工作是按照她的指示做的。
According to George，she's really a good teacher.
按照乔治的说法，她真是一位好老师。
联想拓展
according as 按照/依据……而定
accordingly adv. 照着；相应地
I have told you the steps；you must do them accordingly.
我已经告诉你步骤了，你必须照着做。
(1)同义句改写
①I'll do it following your demand.
I'll do it ______ ______ your demand.
②You should do it according to what I have told you.
I have told you what I want，so you should do it______.
(2)单项填空
______the research results，the flu can be controlled and cured.
A．Accordingly B．According
C．According to D．According on
5．so that...(P31，Speaking and writing)
以便……；为了……；结果……
They set out early so that they could arrive on time.
他们早早出发以便按时到达。
You'd better speak slowly so that they might hear clearly.
为了让他们能听清楚你最好说慢点。
知识小结
so that引导的结果状语从句 从句中的谓语动词一般不和情态动词连用
so that引导的目的状语从句 从句中的谓语动词通常与can，may等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不用逗号，意为“以便，为了”
(1)同义句改写
He listens to the tape every morning so that he can improve his ability of listening.
He listens to the tape every morning______ ______ ______ improve his ability of listening.
(2)单项填空
①I'll write down his telephone number ______I might forget it.
A．in order that B．so that C．in order to D．in case
②The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life.
A．in case B．as if C．in order that D．only if
答案：1．(1)①to ②of ③in ④at
(2)B 提示：句意为：“因为被狗咬过两次，邮递员拒绝给我们送信，除非我们把狗拴起来”。bitten...在句中作原因状语，表示被动。
2．(1)D 提示：come into power“当权，上台执政”；come into effect “生效”；come into action “开始行动”；come into being“形成，产生”。由句意可知，正确答案应为D项。
(2)C 提示：句意为：“我坚信你的想法在不久的将来就会实现。”come into reality“实现，变成现实”。
3．(1)①inspect ②checks ③examined
④investigating
(2)①C 提示：句意为：“由于最近事故频发，因此所有的矿井都应经过政府官员视察。”survey“(问卷)调查”；investigate“(事件)调查”；examine“仔细检查”；inspect“视察，检查”。由句意可知，正确答案为C项。
②B 提示：句意为：“不论多么艰难，我们都必须展开调查，弄清事情真相。”carry out an inspection“开展调查”。
4．(1)①according to ②accordingly
(2)C 提示：由于空后面是名词，故应选C项。
5．(1)in order to/so as to
(2)①D 提示：句意为：“我要记下他的电话号码以免忘记。”in case“以防”，符合句意。
②C 提示：in case“免得，以防”；as if “仿佛，好像”；in order that“为了”；only if“只要……就……”。由句意知选C项。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
