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Unit 1 Cultural relics
Part Ⅳ Writing
一、佳作展示与背诵[来源:21世纪教育网]
本单元学完后，英语老师就“琥珀屋是否应该归还俄国”在班内组织了一次辩论，下面是同学们的两种不同的观点：
支持归还 反对归还21世纪教育网
1．它本身就属于俄国2．德国人没有理由再拿回去3．纳粹军队应为此受到责备21世纪教育网 1．现在谁拥有就应归谁21世纪教育网2．琥珀屋被弄到德国不是他们的错，是历史原因造成的3．德国有权保留它
假定你是班上的一名学生，请以“Whether the Amber Room Should Be Returned to Russia or Not”为题，写一篇短文。21世纪教育网
Whether the Amber Room Should[来源:21世纪教育网]
Be Returned to Russia or Not
Recently，a debate about whether the Amber Room should be returned to Russia or not has been held in our class.[来源:21世纪教育网]
Students who are for the idea think that the Amber Room should be returned to Russia immediately.The King of Prussia，Frederick William Ⅰ，gave it to Peter the Great；then it belonged to the Russian people.There is no reason for the Germans to take it back again and the Nazi army are to blame for what they have done.
However students who are against the idea think it shouldn't be returned to Russia，because Germany is the original home of the Amber Room and people who own it nowadays have the right to keep it.All this is caused by history，not the Germans.
As far as I'm concerned，Russia is the very place it should go to.And the result of the vote also shows that most students are for the idea that it should be returned to Russia.
二、思路点拨
写此类持有正反两个观点的文章，重在如何把两者有机地结合起来。首先要把问题摆明，紧接其后写出一方的观点。然后用连接词转到另外一个观点。最后用in my opinion/as far as I'm concerned等转到自己的观点上来。这样段落分明，层次清晰，所写文章浑然一体。其结构如下：
Whether the Amber Room Should Be Returned to Russia or Not(话题)
一方的观点
另一方的观点
自己的观点/看法21世纪教育网
三、经典句式21世纪教育网
1．Students who are for the idea think that the Amber Room should be returned to Russia immediately.
本句使用了who引导的定语从句和that引导的宾语从句。
2．As far as I'm concerned，Russia is the very place it should go to.21世纪教育网
本句运用了As far as I'm concerned(依我之见)．..这一句型，place后面为省略了that的定语从句。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 1 Cultural relics
课前预习导学
课标导航
功能 1.Asking for opinionsDo/Don't you think that...？ Why/Why not... What do you think of... How do you feel about... What's your idea/opinion of... 2．Giving opinionsI think/don't think that... In my opinion...I don't believe... because... Sorry，I agree/don't agree with you.That can't be true. It can be proved.I think...is telling the truth because...
语法 定语从句(The Attributive Clause)1．限制性定语从句(The Restrictive Attributive Clause)This was a time when the two countries were at war.2．非限制性定语从句(The Non Restrictive Attributive Clause)This gift was the Amber Room，which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
写作 Report writing：class debate
考点 take apart(2012辽宁高考，26) valuable(2012福建高考，32) have sth.done(2011陕西高考，14) It is no use ＋v. ing(2011上海高考，27) apart from(2011福建高考，22) care about(2011安徽高考，34) 限制性和非限制性定语从句(2012山东高考，23/2012江西高考，28/2012湖南高考，34/2011北京高考，26/2011全国高考Ⅱ，7等)
主题导读
The Potala Palace is considered as a model of Tibetan architecture.
In 641，Songtsan Gambo，ruler of the Tubo Kingdom，had the Potala Palace built for Princess Wencheng of the Tang Dynasty，whom he was soon to marry.This structure was later burned to the ground during a war and was rebuilt in the 17th century by the Fifth Dalai Lama.Repeated repairs and expansions (扩建)until 1645 finally brought the palace to its present scale.Over the past three centuries，the palace gradually became a place where the Dalai Lama lived and worked.
The stone and wood structured Potala Palace consists of the White Palace and Red Palace.The White Palace，containing halls，temples and courtyards，serves as the living areas of the Dalai Lama.The Red Palace includes various rooms for worshipping the Buddha (拜佛)．The palace also collected a large number of sculptures (雕塑)，murals (壁画)，Thangkas(唐卡)and other valuable cultural relics.In 1994，the palace joined the list of world cultural heritage sites.
诱思探究
1．Have you visited the Potala Palace？If so，what do you think of it
2．What measures should we take to protect the Potala Palace
答案：The answers are various.
基础导练
Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1．______ adj.贵重的；有价值的→______ (反义词)→______ n．价值；重要性
2．______ vi.幸免；幸存；生还→______ n．幸存；生还→______n．幸存者
3．______ vt.使吃惊；惊讶→______adj.令人吃惊的amazed adj.吃惊的；惊奇的→______ n．惊讶；惊愕
4．______ vt.挑选；选择→______ n．选择
5．______ n．设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思→______n．设计者；设计师
6．______ adj.奇特的；异样的 vt.想象；设想；爱好
7．______ v．装饰；装修→______n．装饰；装潢；装饰品→______n．装饰工
8．______ n．群；组；军队
9．______ n．接待；招待会；接收
10．______ vt.移动；搬开
11．wood n．木料；木柴→______ adj.木制的
12．______ n．怀疑；疑惑 vt.怀疑；不信→______ adj.有疑问的；感到怀疑的→doubtless adj.无疑的；肯定的
13．______ adj.以前的；从前的→______adj.(反义词)后者的；较后的
14．______ prep.值得的；相当于……的价值 n．价值；作用 adj.[古]值钱的→______ adj.无价值的；不重要的
15．______ n．根据；证据→______ adj.明显的；显然的
16．______ vi.爆炸→______ n．爆炸→explosive adj.易爆炸的
17．______ n．入口
18．formal adj.正式的→______ adj.(反义词)非正式的
19．______ vi.下沉；沉下→______(过去式)→______(过去分词)
20．______ n．争论；辩论 vi.争论；辩论
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．____________ 寻找[来源:21世纪教育网]
2．____________ 属于
3．____________ 作为报答；回报
4．____________ 处于交战状态
5．____________ 拆开
6．less than ____________
7．think highly of ____________
8．look into ____________
9．remove...to... ____________
10．rather than ____________
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．However，the next King of Prussia，Frederick William Ⅰ，______ ______ the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it.
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
2．______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the two countries were at war.
这是在两国交战的时期。
3．______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the boxes were then put on a train for K nigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。
4．After that，______ ______ ______ the Amber Room remains a mystery.
从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。
5．In a trial，a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and ______ ______ ______ ______.
在审讯中，法官必须判断哪个证人可信，哪个证人不可信。
答案：Ⅰ.1.valuable；valueless；value 2.survive；survival；survivor 3.amaze；amazing；amazement 4.select；selection 5.design；designer 6.fancy 7.decorate；decoration；decorator 8.troop 9.reception
10．remove 11.wooden 12.doubt；doubtful 13.former；latter 14.worth；worthless 15.evidence；evident 16.explode；explosion 17.entrance 18.informal 19.sink；sank；sunk 20.debate
Ⅱ.1.in search of 2.belong to 3.in return
4．at war 5.take apart 6.少于 7.看重；器重 8.调查 9.把……搬到…… 10.而不是；与其
Ⅲ.1.to whom 2.This was a time when
3．There is no doubt that 4.what happened to
5．which not to believe
21世纪教育网
在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！[来源:21世纪教育网]
课堂合作探究
Part Ⅰ Warming Up，Pre reading，Reading & Comprehending
文本感知
阅读IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM回答下列问题
1．Which of the following statements about the Amber Room is wrong
A．Gold and jewels were included in making it.
B．It must be somewhere now as a whole.
C．The Amber Room would be very soft when heated.
D．The Czar liked it.
2．What happened to the Amber Room
A．It was heated.
B．It was added to more details by Catherine Ⅱ.
C．It got lost in the time of Catherine Ⅱ.
D．A new Amber Room was made by using some parts of the old one.
3．How did the Amber Room get lost 21世纪教育网
A．The Russians hid it and then it could not be found any more.
B．Some Russians stole it and shipped it to another country.
C．What really happened to it is completely unclear.
D．It was put on a train for a German city at that time.
4．Who most probably took the Amber Room away
A．Frederick William Ⅰ. B．Catherine Ⅱ.
C．The Nazis. D．The King of Russia.
答案：1．B 2.B 3.D 4.C
导学互动
1．Does a cultural relic always have to be rare and valuable？(P1，Warming Up)
文物总是稀有且有价值吗？
rare adj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的
It is rare that it snows in summer in Australia.
夏天澳大利亚下雪是很罕见的。
As we all know，the panda is a rare animal.
众所周知，大熊猫是一种稀有动物。
The ancient coin from a Tang Dynasty's tomb is very rare.
这枚唐朝墓中的古钱币很珍贵。
词汇辨析
rare “稀有的；珍贵的”，指东西因稀少而珍贵或某事很少发生等；也可以表示时间或频率，此时与frequent相对
scarce “缺乏的；罕见的”，多指日常或普通的东西因匮乏而难以得到；常作表语，不作定语
Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend with my kids.
我和孩子们在一起的机会很少。
Watermelons are scarce in this area in winter.
西瓜在这个地区的冬天很缺乏。
联想拓展
rarely adv. “很少地，罕有地”；否定副词放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。类似用法还有hardly，scarcely，never等。
scarcely adv.“几乎不，简直不”；位于句首句子要倒装。常用句型scarcely (hardly)．..when...“一……就……”。
Rarely did such things happen in our school.
这类事情在我们学校很少发生。
Scarcely had I reached the station when the train started.
我刚到车站，火车就开了。
(1)用rare和scarce填空
①This is a ______ diamond in the world.
②It is ______ for her to help others in trouble.
③As we all know，water is ______ in the desert.
④This kind of fruit was always ______in winter，and cost a lot.
(2)单项填空
①You are a ______ visitor；I haven't seen you for a long time.
A．scarce B．rare C．seldom D．frequent
②I wasn't blaming anyone；I ______ said errors like this could be avoided.
A．merely B．mostly C．rarely D．nearly
2．Is it enough to have survived for a long time？(P1，Warming Up)
存在很长时间就足够了吗？
survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还
Of the four people in the car accident，only one survived.
车祸中的四人，只有一人幸免于难。
vt.从……逃生；幸免于；比……活得长
He felt lucky enough to have survived the air crash.
能从那次空难中逃生他感到很幸运。
The man survived his elder sister by three years.
那人比他的姐姐多活了三年。
联想拓展
survive
survival n. 幸存；存活；残留物
survivor n. 幸存者；生还者；挺过困难的人
一语中的
The old man was the only survior who survived the earthquake.As far as I know，he survived on a small bottle of water.We all think his survival was a real wonder.Finally，he survived his wife by 10 years.
这位老人是这场地震中唯一幸免于难的幸存者。据我所知，他是靠一小瓶水幸存下来的。我们都认为他的存活真的是一个奇迹。最终，他比妻子多活了10年。
(1)完成句子
①Only a few soldiers ______ ______ ______.
那次战役之后只有少数士兵幸存。
②Her parents were killed in the accident，but ______ ______.
在那次事故中她父母都遇难了，但她却幸免于难。
(2)介词填空
①I can't survive ______ $10 a week.
②Many strange customs have survived ______ earlier times.
(3)单项填空
A troop of soldiers set out in search of those who might ______ the terrible coal mine accident.
A．live B．rescue C．exist D．survive
3．IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM(P1，Reading)
寻找琥珀屋
in search of 寻找；搜寻
After graduation，he went to Beijing in search of a job.
毕业后，他去北京找工作。
He turned on his computer in search of the information he wanted.
他打开电脑搜寻他想要的信息。
联想拓展
(1)in one's search for寻找
(2)
(1)同义句改写
When I entered the house，I found him searching for something in the room.
When I entered the house，I found him ______ ______ ______ something in the room.
(2)介副词填空
①She went into the kitchen in search ______ a drink.
②The police searched ______ a gun from the robber.
③They came here to search ______ the car they had lost.
(3)单项填空
①The robber ______the passers by to see if they had money in their pockets.
A．searched for B．searched out C．searched D．in search of
②Nowadays more and more parents send their children to the United States __________ a better education.
A．in need of B．in search of C．in charge of D．in time of
4．Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia，could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(P1，Reading L1 2)
普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
amazing adj.令人吃惊的
We felt very amazed at the amazing news.
我们听到那个令人吃惊的消息感到非常吃惊。
amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶
The death of the pop star amazed all her fans.
那位明星的离世使她的所有粉丝感到吃惊。
What he said at the meeting amazed everyone present greatly.
他在会上所说的话使在场的所有人感到惊讶。
联想拓展
(1)amazed adj. “吃惊的”，常用来修饰表示人的名词或look，expression等；作表语时，主语为表示人的名词或代词
be amazed
Look！There is an amazed expression on her face.
看！她脸上有吃惊的表情。
(2)to one's amazement使某人感到惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地
(1)介词填空
①The pupil looked at his marks of the exam ______ amazement.
②______ my amazement，my close friends didn't attend my wedding.
③All of us were amazed ______the result of the match.
(2)单项填空
①______，he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.
A．To us amazement B．To our amazing
C．To our amazement D．To us amazed
②The ______ look on his face shows that he feels______ at the unexpected result.
A．amazing；amazing B．amazed；amazed
C．amazing；amazed D．amazed；amazing
5．The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey.(P1，Reading L3 4)
选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。
select vt.挑选；选择
The couple of lovers selected a lucky day for their wedding.
这对恋人择吉日结婚。
联想拓展
(1)
(2)selection n．挑选；选拔
We have over 30 beautiful designs to select from.
我们有30多种美丽的图案可供挑选。
词汇辨析
select 强调在同类东西中进行仔细辨别、审视、淘汰所作出的选择
choose 一般性选择或挑选，强调通过个人意志或判断来作出选择
elect 选举
They selected the winner from six finalists.
他们在六位决赛选手中选出获胜者。
I don't know which one to choose between A and B.
在A和B中我不知道该选哪一个。
A class meeting will be held to elect our monitor this afternoon.
今天下午将开班会选班长。
(1)用choose/select/elect填空
①She ______ the red coat rather than the blue dress for the party.
②The customers ______the best apples in the basket carefully.
③Tom was ______ chairman of the Students' Union.
(2)单项填空
She ______ a pair of socks to match her new skirt.
A．chose B．selected C．picked D．elected
6．The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(P1，Reading L4 5)
琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。
1)design vt. 设计；计划；构思
The book is designed for the beginners.
这本书供初学者使用。
The experiment is designed to test the new drug.
实验的目的是测试这种新药物。
n．设计；图案；构思
I like the design of the evening dress she is wearing.
我喜欢她穿的这件晚礼服的设计。
短语链接
(1)
(2)be designed
(3)by design＝on purpose故意地(反义短语：by chance/accident 偶然)
(1)介词填空
①The red mini skirts are designed only ______ lovely girls.
②The new building is designed ______ a library.
③We shall never know whether this happened by accident or ______ design.
(2)完成句子
①Whether ______ ______ ______ ______(故意还是偶然)，he arrived too late to help us.
②These exercises ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (为增强肌肉而设计的)．
(3)单项填空
①It is said that the early European playing cards ______ for entertainment and education.
A．were being designed B． have designed
C．have been designed D．were designed
②Luckily，the black box, ______ to record the flight data, was soon found.
A．being designed B．designing C．to design D．designed
2)fancy n. 想象力；爱好
The teacher tried new ways to inspire the fancy of the pupils.
老师试用新的方法来激发学生的想象力。
My grandfather has a fancy for chess.
我爷爷爱好下棋。
I've suddenly taken a fancy to the songs sung by her.
我突然喜欢上了她唱的歌。
vt. 想象；设想；爱好
Don't fancy that you can succeed without hard work.
别幻想不努力就能成功。
Fancy meeting you here!
没想到竟然在这儿遇到你！
adj. 奇特的；异样的
We are not allowed to wear fancy clothes in our school.
学校不允许我们穿奇装异服。
知识小结
have a fancy for迷恋；爱好
take a fancy to...喜欢上……
fancy doing sth.想象做某事
(1)介词填空
①For some reason，my son took a fancy ______ detective novels.21世纪教育网
②Nowadays children have a fancy ______ the cartoon Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf.
(2)单项填空
Do you fancy ______ in a spaceship to the moon one day
A．travelling B．travel C．to travel D．having travelled
3)style n．风格；风度；类型
We all like the performing style of his playing the magic tricks.
我们都喜欢他玩魔术的表演风格。
联想拓展
in style 不过时；时髦的
out of style过时的
in the style of...以……样的风格
(1)介词填空
①Now，more and more persons copy the stage performance ______ the style of the famous actor.
②From then on，the expression “hu you” has come ______ style among people.
(2)单项填空
Tom has his own ______of life.Though his dress is out of ______，we shouldn't laugh at him.
A．style；fashion B．type；form
C．kind；fashion D．fashion；way
7．It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels，which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.(P1，Reading L5 6)
这也是用黄金和珠宝装饰起来的珍品，它花了这个国家最优秀的艺术家大约十年时间才完成。
1)decorate v. 装饰；装修
The students are decorating their classroom with various fresh flowers for the arrival of the New Year.
为迎接新年的到来，学生们正用各种鲜花装饰他们的教室。
Tom has decorated his room with some photos of sports stars.
汤姆用一些体育明星的照片装饰自己的房间。
联想拓展
decoration n. 装饰；装潢；装饰品
decorative adj. 装饰用的；装饰性的
decorator n．装饰师；油漆工
(1)完成句子
①The children __________________(正用彩灯装饰圣诞树)．
②The hall __________________(用鲜花装点着)on National Day.
(2)单项填空
—How about their wedding room
—Wonderful！It ______ flowers and balloons.
A．decorated with B．decorated for
C．was decorated for D．was decorated with
2)jewel n. 珠宝；宝石(为可数名词)
You'd better put your jewels into a safe.
你最好把珠宝放进保险箱里。
联想拓展
jewelry为不可数名词，是珠宝饰物的总称，不可说a jewelry，应说a piece of jewelry
jeweled adj.镶珠宝的 jeweler n．珠宝商；珠宝匠
at a/the jeweler's 在珠宝店
(1)单句改错
①My wife bought a gold ring at a jewel's.
________________________________________________________________________
②His girlfriend never likes wearing a jewelry.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)单项填空
His father is a ______，and runs a shop in the main road.Unfortunately a lot of ______ was stolen last night.
A．jeweler；jewelries B．jewelry；jewels
C．jewel；jewelry D．jeweler；jewelry
8．However，the next King of Prussia，Frederick William Ⅰ，to whom the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it.(P1 2，Reading L7 9)
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
belong to 属于；归……所有；是……的成员
Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.
狮子和老虎属于猫科。
Yao Ming used to belong to the Rockets.
姚明过去曾是火箭队的成员。
知识小结
belong to表示状态，没有进行时态；不用于被动语态中；to为介词，后接名词普通格或代词宾格。
(1)单句改错
①Do you know whom this dictionary belonging to
________________________________________________________________________
②This belongs to Tom's；you shouldn't keep it to yourself.
________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网
(2)单项填空
①Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ______ to the well educated.
A．belongs B．is belonged
C．is belonging D．will be belonged
②—The English exam is not difficult，is it
—Yes.Even Tom, ______ to the top students，failed.
A．belongs B．belonging C．belonged D．to belong
9．In return，the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.(P2，Reading L10)
作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。
in return 作为报答；回报
He has given me so much help that I really want to do something for him in return.
他给了我那么多帮助，我真想为他做点什么作为回报。
Can I treat you to dinner in return for your help
为了感谢你帮忙，我请你吃饭好吗？
联想拓展
in return for作为对……的回报
in reward作为回报
in reward for作为对……的报答
in turn依次；转而
词汇辨析
in return 作为报答；作为交换
in turn 反过来；转而；轮流地；依次
He helped me with my English in his spare time；I gave him an MP4 in return.
他在业余时间帮助我学英语，我给了他一个MP4作为报答。
Our English teacher asked us to recite the text in turn.
英语老师让我们轮流背诵课文。
(1)英译汉
①Those who respect others will be respected in return.
________________________________________________________________________
②As we all know，theory comes from practice；it serves practice in turn.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)单项填空
①We give dogs time，space and love we can spare，and ______，dogs give us their all.
A．in all B．in fact C．in short D．in return
②I greeted the teacher with “hello”，and the teacher gave me a sweet smile ______.
A．by turns B．in return C．in turn D．for return
10．Later，Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.(P2，Reading L14 15)
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
have/get sth.done
have＋sth.＋过去分词表示“使(让)别人去做某事”
He has had his ankles examined and treated in America.
他已经在美国检查和治疗了他的脚踝。
联想拓展
have
Who had the boy do such a thing
谁让那孩子干这件事的？
He had the light burning all night long.
他让灯亮了一整夜。
I have a lot of work to do today.
今天我有很多工作要做。
Do you have any files to be typed
你有需要打印的文件吗？
(1)用所给单词的适当形式填空
①Don't have water ______(run)like this.It's wasteful.
②The secretary had to work at night，because he had a report to______(write) for his leader.
③I will go to Beijing tomorrow.Do you have anything to ______(buy)
④My car went wrong，so I had it ______(repair)．21世纪教育网
(2)单项填空
①Whom do you want to have ______with you
A．go B．gone C．going D．to go
②During the football match he had his right leg ______.
A．to break B．breaking C．break D．broken
③Claire had her luggage ______ an hour before her plane left.
A．check B．checking C．to check D．checked
11．This was a time when the two countries were at war.(P2，Reading L18 19)
这是在两国交战的时期。
1)when在此引导的是定语从句，其先行词是前面的a time，when在从句中作时间状语。
This is a time when science and technology is developing rapidly.
这是一个科学技术快速发展的时期。
单项填空
①China is at the best time ______ economy is developing.
A．when B．that C．which D．/
②There must be a time ______ we hate schooling.
A．then B．while C．when D．which
2)be at war 处在交战状态
When he returned to his homeland he found his country was still at war with itself.
当他回国的时候，他发现他的国家仍处在内战中。
联想拓展
(1)at war with与……交战
(2)
(3)“at＋n.”表示一种状态，名词前面无冠词。类似的短语还有：
at work 在上班 at school 在上学
at table 在吃饭 at desk 在学习
at church 在做礼拜 at play在玩
(1)单句改错
①We shouldn't talk with our mouth full of food while we are at the table.
________________________________________________________________________
②China was at war on Japan for more than eight years in history.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)完成句子
这两个国家曾经打了多年仗，但现在已经和平相处。
The two countries used to __________ for many years，but now they are __________ each other.
(3)单项填空
When you are ______，you should fix your attention on your lesson.
A．at desk B．at the school C．at the work D．at play
12．Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace，the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.(P2，Reading L19 20)
在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前，俄国人只来得及把琥珀屋的一些家具和小的艺术品搬走。
remove vt.移动，搬开；免除职务，开除；摘下；脱去(衣服)
Will you remove the books from the desk
你能把这些书从书桌上搬走吗？
He didn't recognize her until she removed her glasses.
直到她摘下眼镜他才认出她来。
He was removed from the mayor's position.
他被免除了市长职务。
Three children were removed from school.
三个孩子被学校开除了。
词汇辨析
remove 强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置。表示“迁居”时与move可以通用；还可以表示“解除，免除”
move 指移动某东西的位置或改变某人的姿势
She removed her tears with a handkerchief.
她用手绢擦掉眼泪。
Will you help me move the office table
帮我移动一下这张办公桌好吗？
联想拓展
remove one's shoes脱掉鞋子
remove misunderstanding between...消除……之间的误解
remove sb.from...开除某人
(1)用move/remove填空
①She ______ her hat and coat after she entered her office.
②I can't ______ dirt and mud from my shoes.
③We ______ our chairs a little nearer.
(2)单项填空
①The words from my teacher ______ my nervousness before the entrance exam.
A．removed B．moved C．replaced D．got rid
②His name was ______from the list because he was unfit for the job.
A．gone B．removed C．got D．moved
13．In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty seven wooden boxes.(P2，Reading L21)
在不到两天的时间内，琥珀屋被拆成10万块装进了27只木箱子里面。
less than 不到；少于
It took me less than two hours to finish the work.
完成那项工作花了我不到两个小时。
He stayed in America for less than two years，but he learned English quite well.
尽管他在美国待了不到两年，但英语学得相当不错。
The boy is less than five，but he knows a lot.
这小男孩还不到五岁，但他懂得很多。
短语辨析
no less than “多达……”，强调数量之多，相当于as much(many) as
not less than “至少……，不少于……”，相当于at least
比较：There is no less than 100 dollars in my pocket.
＝There is as much as 100 dollars in my pocket.
我口袋里有不下100美元。
There is not less than 100 dollars in my pocket.
＝There is at least 100 dollars in my pocket.
我口袋里至少有100美元。
联想拓展
(1)no less...than意为“和……一样”
He is no less active than he used to be.
他和从前一样活跃。
(2)not less...than意为“至少与……一样”
She is not less beautiful than Mary.
她至少和玛丽一样美丽。
(1)同义句改写
There are no less than 100,000 books in the library.
There are ______ ______ ______ 100,000 books in the library.
(2)单项填空
①I used to earn ______ than five pounds a week when I first started the work.
A．less B．fewer C．a few D．a little
② It took ______building supplies to construct these energy saving houses.It took brains，too.
A．other than B．more than C．rather than D．less than
14．There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K nigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(P2，Reading L21 23)
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。
doubt vt. 怀疑；不相信
We doubt whether(if)he will keep his promise to keep the secret for us.
我们怀疑他是否会信守诺言为我们保守这个秘密。
We don't doubt that he is honest，but we doubt his ability.
我们承认他是诚实的，但我们怀疑他的能力。
n．怀疑；疑虑
There is no doubt that China will become stronger and stronger.
毫无疑问中国会越来越强大。
知识小结
doubt后接whether/if引导的宾语从句
don't doubt后接that引导的宾语从句
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
without doubt毫无疑问
beyond doubt 毫无疑问
(1)单句改错
①We don't doubt whether she will accept our invitation.
________________________________________________________________________
②It is no doubt that he will come to our party.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)同义句改写
He will come to our wedding party without doubt.21世纪教育网
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ he will come to our wedding party.
(3)单项填空
①We don't doubt ______ we will win the match this afternoon.
A．if B．whether C．that D．which
②There is still some doubt ______ they will go to America for their holdays this week，but there is no doubt ______ they will go there on May Day.
A．that；that B．whether；whether
C．that；whether D．whether；that
15．Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing？(P2，Comprehending)
像琥珀屋、北京圆明园这样的文化遗迹值得重建吗？
worth prep. 值得的；相当于……的价值
It isn't worth getting angry with such a person.
和这样的一个人生气是不值得的。
How much is the land worth
这块土地值多少钱？
She spent $1,000 on the new coat，but it was worth it.
她花一千美元买了那件新外套，但是物有所值。
n. 价值；作用
The winners will receive ten pounds' worth of books.
获胜者将得到价值十英镑的书籍。
注意：be well worth doing sth.“非常值得做某事”，在此well不能用very，very much，quite，much来代替。
词汇辨析
worth 用作形容词时在句中只能作表语，后接名词或主动语态的动词 ing形式
worthy 既可以作表语也可以作定语。作表语时常与of连用，后接名词或动词 ing形式，还可以接不定式的被动语态。即be worthy of sth.“配得上，称得起”；be worthy of being done或be worthy to be done “值得做”
worthwhile 既可以作表语也可以作定语，后面可以接动词 ing形式或动词不定式，即be worthwhile doing/to do sth.“值得做某事”
我们老师的建议值得考虑。
(1)一句多译
那地方值得一游。
①The place is worth ______ ______.
②The place is worth ______.
③The place is worthy ______ ______ ______.
④It's ______ ______ ______ the place.
⑤It's worthwhile ______ the place.
(2)英译汉
①A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
________________________________________________________________________
②An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.
________________________________________________________________________
(3)单项填空
①This is a good book；it is ______ worth ______ a second time.
A．much；reading B．quite；being read
C．very；to read D．well；reading
②She has done some ______ things during the summer vacation，and she is ______ of being praised.
A．worthwhile；worthy B．worthwhile；worth21世纪教育网
C．worthy；worth D．worth；worthy
答案：1．(1)①rare ②rare ③scarce ④scarce
(2)①B 提示：句意为：“你是个稀客，我好长时间没见到你了。”scarce “缺乏的，不足的”，只能作表语；seldom“几乎不”，为副词；frequent“经常的”，与句意矛盾。故选B项。
②A 提示：考查副词。句意为：“我不想责备任何人，我只是说这样的错误是能够避免的。”merely“仅仅，只不过”；mostly“大部分，主要地”；rarely“很少地，难得地”；nearly“几乎，差不多”。
2．(1)①survived the battle ②she survived
(2)①on ②from
(3)D 提示：句意为：“一群士兵动身去搜寻那些在那次矿难中可能还生还的人。”live“生存，生活”；rescue“营救”；exist“存在，生存”；survive“幸存，生还”。由句意可知，D项正确。
3．(1)in search of
(2)①of ②out ③for
(3)①C 提示：由句中to see if they had money in their pockets 可知，此处应为search sb.“搜某人身”。
②B 提示：句意为：“当今越来越多的父母送孩子去美国寻求更好的教育。”in need of“需要”；in search of“寻找，寻求”；in charge of“负责，掌管”；in time of“在……时候”。由句意可知，B项正确。
4．(1)①in ②To ③at
(2)①C 提示：句意为：“使我们感到惊讶的是，他把这首诗从头到尾背诵了出来”。to one's amazement“令(使)某人惊讶的是”。
②B 提示：句意为：“他脸上吃惊的表情表明他对这个意外的结果感到惊讶。”在修饰look，expression等名词时应用amazed；be/feel amazed at “对……感到吃惊/惊讶”。故正确答案为B项。
5．(1)①chose ②selected ③elected
(2)B 提示：由题干中“to match her new skirt”可知，此处应该是指“慎重选择，精挑细选”，故B项正确。
6．1)(1)①for ②as ③by
(2)①by design or chance (accident)
②are designed to strengthen muscles
(3)①D 提示：此处说的是过去发生的事情，应为过去时态。 be designed for “为……而设计”。
②D 提示：句意为：“幸运的是，记录飞机飞行数据的黑匣子很快就被找到了。”被修饰的the black box与design之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，故排除B、C两项。A项表示正在进行；D项表示已经发生或没有一定的时间性。故D项正确。
2)(1)①to ②for
(2)A 提示：句意为：“你能想象将来有一天乘宇宙飞船去月球旅行的情景吗？”fancy“想象”，后接动词 ing形式作宾语。
3)(1)①in ②into
(2)A 提示：句意为“汤姆有他自己的生活方式，虽然他着装过时，但我们不应该嘲笑他。”have one's own style/way of life“有自己的生活方式”；out of style/fashion“过时的，不时尚的”。
7．1)(1)①are decorating the Christmas tree with colourful lights
②was decorated with fresh flowers
(2)D 提示：句意为：“他们的婚房怎么样？”“很漂亮！用花和气球装饰着。”be decorated with“用……装饰”。
2)(1)①jewel's→jeweler's ②去掉a
(2)D 提示：jeweler“珠宝商”；jewel为可数名词，而jewelry为不可数名词。故正确答案为D项。
8．(1)①belonging→belongs ②Tom's→Tom
(2)①A 提示：belong to 不用于被动结构中，也不用进行时态。故正确答案为A项。
②B 提示：句意为：“这次英语考试不难，是不是？”“不是。即使属于优等生的汤姆都没及格。”belong to“属于”，不用被动结构，不用于进行时。Tom与belong to 之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词，即Even Tom, who belongs to the top students，failed.
9．(1)①尊重别人的人同样会得到别人的尊重。
②众所周知，理论来源于实践，反过来又为实践服务。
(2)①D 提示：句意为：“我们给予狗的是腾出的时间、空间和爱，而狗回报给我们的是它们的全部。”in all“总共”；in fact“实际上”；in short“简而言之”；in return“作为报答”。
②B 提示：句意为：“我向老师打招呼，老师则回我一个甜甜的微笑。”by turns“轮流”；in return“作为回报”；in turn“转而，反过来，依次”。
10．(1)①running ②write ③be bought ④repaired
(2)①A 提示：此处考查have sb. do sth.结构。
②D 提示：此处考查 have sth.done结构。
③D 提示：考查“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，因为her luggage与check之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
11．1)①A 提示：句意为：“中国正处在经济发展的最好时期。”the best time为先行词，when引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语。
②C 提示：句意为：“我们肯定都有一个厌学的时期。”此处考查when引导的定语从句。
2)(1)①去掉the ②on→with
(2)be at war；at peace with
(3)A 提示：由句意可知，此处应为at desk“在学习”。D项与句意不符，B、C两项应去掉冠词the。
12．(1)①removed ②remove ③moved
(2)①A 提示：句意为：“老师的一席话消除了我入学考试前的紧张。”remove＝get rid of“消除”。
②B 提示：be removed from the list“从名单中被删除”。
13．(1)as many as
(2)①A 提示：less than“少于”，符合句意。
②B 提示：句意为：“建造这些节能的房子，不仅仅要花费建筑材料，还要付出智力。”more than在此意为“不仅仅”，修饰名词。other than“除了”；rather than“而不是”；less than“不到，少于”。
14．(1)①whether→that ②It→There
(2)There is no doubt that
(3)①C 提示：doubt“怀疑”，用在否定句中后面应用that引导宾语从句；若用在肯定句中则用whether或if来引导宾语从句。don't doubt that意为“毫无疑问”。
②D 提示：There is some doubt whether (if)．..意为“是否……值得怀疑”；There is no doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”。句意为：“本周他们是否会去美国度假值得怀疑，但是他们在‘五一’节会去是毫无疑问的”。
15．(1)①a visit ②visiting ③to be visited或of being visited ④worthwhile to visit ⑤visiting
(2)①双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
②一日之计在于晨。
(3)①D 提示：句意为：“这是一本好书，很值得再读一遍。”be well worth doing“很(非常)值得做……”。
②A 提示：由第二空后面的of可知，应为be worthy of，排除B、C两项；再由第一空可知，此处应为可作定语的形容词，worth只能用作表语形容词，故排除D项。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 1 Cultural relics
Part Ⅱ Grammar
语法指南
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句在意义上与先行词关系密切，是不可缺少的定语。非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词的附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整；明显的标志就是从句和主句之间用逗号隔开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有：which，who，whom，whose；关系副词有：where，when等。that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。21世纪教育网
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：
1．限制性定语从句具有修饰限制的作用，如果限制性定语从句省略了，句子意思就不完整。而非限制性定语从句和先行词之间关系不很密切，只是起补充说明的作用，去掉并不影响整个句子的意思。例如：
The young man who stole the car was put into prison.
偷车的那个年轻人坐牢了。(限制性定语从句)
His brother，who is an engineer，will go to London next week.
他哥哥下周要去伦敦，他是位工程师。(非限制性定语从句)
2．限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号隔开；而非限制性定语从句和主句之间有逗号隔开。例如：
This is the man who used to quarrel with me.
这就是那个过去常和我吵架的人。21世纪教育网
This is his house，where he once lived.
这就是他的房子，他曾经在里面住过。
3．限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词；而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词也可以是前面一句话的内容。例如：
I bought a book yesterday which is very popular among young people.
我昨天买了一本在年轻人中非常受欢迎的书。
His son has made great achievements in his work，which made him very proud.
他儿子在工作中取得了很大的成就，这使他很骄傲。21世纪教育网
4．关系代词使用情况不同。
(1)关系代词that和关系副词why可以引导限制性定语从句，但不可以引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中应用which，for which来替代。例如：
The house that I bought has a lovely garden.
The house，which I bought，has a lovely garden.
我买的那所房子有一个漂亮的花园。
I have told him the reason why I was late this morning.
I have told him the reason，for which I was late this morning.
我已经告诉了他我今早迟到的原因。
(2)关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who来代替，但在非限制性定语从句中则不可以。例如：
This is the American whom/who I met yesterday.
这就是我昨天见到的那个美国人。
Peter，whom you met in London，is now in Paris.
彼得现在在巴黎，你在伦敦见过他的。[来源:21世纪教育网]21世纪教育网
(3)which引导限制性定语从句时，如果在从句中作宾语，可以省略。但在非限制性定语从句中是不可以省略的。例如：
The computer (that/which) I had repaired went wrong again.
The computer，which I had repaired，went wrong again.
我修过的那台电脑又出毛病了。[来源:21世纪教育网]
(4)as引导的非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、主句后，也可以放在句子中间。而which引导的非限制性定语从句则只能置于主句之后。当非限制性定语从句表达否定意义时，则只能用which引导。
As we all know，Lu Xun is a great writer.
众所周知，鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。
He is a cheat，as everyone can see.
每个人都看得出来，他是个骗子。21世纪教育网21世纪教育网
The weather turned out to be very fine，which was more than we could expect.[来源:21世纪教育网][21世纪教育网
结果天气变得很好，这超出了我们的预料。
(5)as在引导非限制性定语从句时，常作一些实义动词的宾语，例如：see，know，say，report，imagine，remember，point out等。常见的用法有：as is known to all/as we all know，as has been said before，as you expected/imagined，as is mentioned above，as has been already reported/announced等。
As has been announced，we shall have our final exam next month.
正如已宣布的那样，我们下个月进行期末考试。
He failed in the driving test，as we had expected.
正像我们所预料的那样，他没通过驾照考试。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 1 Cultural relics
Part Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
文本感知
阅读A FACT OR AN OPINION？回答下列问题
1．Which of the following is not what a judge must do in a trial
A．Deciding which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.
B．Considering what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works.
C．Caring about whether the eyewitness has given true information.
D．Caring about whether the information is a fact or not.
2．What really is a fact according to the passage
A．It is something that more than one person believes.
B．It is something that more than one person has seen or done.
C．It is anything that can be proved.
D．It is anything that is believed or accepted by most people.
3．What is not true about the definition of an opinion
A．It is what someone believes to be true.
B．It is something that hasn't been proved.
C．It is something that can be proved.
D．Both A and B.21世纪教育网
4．Which of the following is a fact rather than an opinion
A．It is good for China to have too many people.
B．China is the largest country in population.
C．China has no influence on other countries.
D．People in China are friendlier than people in other countries.
答案：1．B 2.C 3.C 4.B
导学互动
1．The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.(P4，Discovering useful structures)
那位老人看见一些德国人把琥珀屋拆散搬走了。
take apart 拆开；拆散；拆卸
The engineer took apart the old machine to see which part went wrong.
这位工程师把那台旧机器拆开看看哪个地方有问题。
The little boy is taking the transformer apart and spreading the bits over the floor.
那小男孩正拆卸变形金刚，零件散落一地。
短语链接
tell...apart识别……；辨认……
fall apart崩溃；瓦解
keep apart分开
stand apart分开站立
live apart分居[来源:21世纪教育网]
apart from除……以外[来源:21世纪教育网]
Can you tell the twins apart
你能分辨出这对双胞胎吗？
The head teacher had to keep the two naughty students apart.
班主任不得不把这两个调皮的学生分开。
Apart from the price，the dress doesn't suit me.
姑且不论价格，这件衣服不适合我。
(1)用tell/fall/stand/keep/live的适当形式填空
①I can't ______Jane and Sarah apart.They look so alike.
②The husband and wife often quarrel with each other；they have to ______apart for some time.
③The cat and the dog often fought with each other；the old man ______them apart.
④A lot of houses ______apart during the earthquake.
⑤The mother let her two children ______apart telling their own problems.
(2)单项填空
①These two signatures are very similar；it is hard to ______.
A．take apart B．tell apart C．keep apart D．separate apart
②Rod loves ______ clocks.However, he never manages to put them together again.
A．taking apart B．giving away C．making up D．turning off
2．For example，it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.(P5，Reading and listening)
比如说，中国是世界上人口最多的国家，这是能够证实的。21世纪教育网
1) prove v. 证明；证实
The successful hosting of the Olympic Games and the Expo proved the power of China to the world.
奥运会和世博会的成功举办向世界证明了中国的强大。
He has proved himself to be a man of great ability.
他已经证明自己是一个很有能力的人。
How do you prove that you are fit for the job
你如何证明你适合做这项工作？
link v. 证明是
His theory has proved of great value/to be very valuable through practice.
通过实践证明他的理论是很有价值的。
These methods have proved quite effective.
这些办法证明很有效。
知识小结
prove＋证明……
prove(link v.)＋
联想拓展
prove sth.to sb.“向某人证明……”，不可跟双宾语(即prove sb.sth.)。类似用法还有动词explain，suggest，say，report，announce等。
Can you prove your ability to us
你能向我们证明你的能力吗？
(1)完成句子
①As time went on，his idea ________________(证明是对的)．
②All these facts ________________(证明他在撒谎)．
③Hawking's black hole theory ________________(证明是很重要的)in studying the universe.
(2)下列哪个句子是错误的
①The book proved of great use.
②He proved to be an honest friend.
③Can you prove your idea to us
④He proved me his success in the plan.
(3)单项填空
During the long term cooperation，Mr Wang ______a smart，honest and trustworthy person.
A．proved B．appeared C．turned D．made
2)比较级＋than any other＋单数名词，表示最高级
He is more active than any other student in our class.
他是我们班上最活跃的学生。
That novel is more popular with middle school students than any other book.
那本小说是中学生最喜欢的书。
联想拓展
(1)比较级表示最高级还有一种情况
No other book has a greater effect on me.
没有一本书对我的影响更大。(这本书对我的影响最大。)
I have never seen a better film.
我从来没有看过这么好的一部电影。(这是我看过的最好的一部电影。)
(2)根据比较级的范围不同，须根据情况加other，else等，以将自身排除在外。
Tom runs faster than anyone else in his class.
＝Tom runs faster than any other student in his class.
汤姆比班里任何一个学生都跑得快。
(1)单句改错
①She is taller than any other students in her class.
________________________________________________________________________
②Li Lei is taller than any player in the team.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)单项填空
①China is larger than ______ in Asia.
A．any country B．any other countries
C．any other country D．other country
②Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ______.
A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular
③—How was your recent trip to Sichuan
—I've never had ______ one before.
A．a pleasant B．a more pleasant
C．a most pleasant D．the most pleasant
3．He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given
true information，which must be facts rather than opinions.(P5，Reading and listening)
他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，它们必须是事实而不是看法。
1)care about 在乎；在意；关心
Although he is very rich，he doesn't care about his clothes.
尽管他很富有，但他却不在乎穿着。
care about 表示“在乎，在意，关心”
care for 表示“照看，照顾(某人)”，也可用于表示“喜欢，想要”
I don't care about what he will say，but what he will do.
我不在乎他会说些什么，但我在乎他会做些什么。
She cared for her father all through his long illness.
她在父亲久病期间一直照顾他。
(1)用for或about 填空
①The nurse cared ______the patient all day and night.
②Bill Gates is very rich，but he cares little ______ money.
③My father is busy with his work.He has no time to care ______ my study.
④The young lady cares ______ nothing but fashion on which she spends a lot.
(2)单项填空
①Although I care______ NBA matches，I never care ______ which team wins.
A．for；for B．about；about C．for；about D．about；for
②If you ______faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A．come across B．care about C．look for D．focus upon
2)rather than而不是；与其说……不如说……21世纪教育网
I decide to write rather than (to) telephone.
我决定写信而不是打电话。
He is lazy rather than stupid.
与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。
联想拓展
(1)[21世纪教育网
(2)rather than应注意以下几点：
①rather than是连词，连接句子中两个对应的成分。
②rather than连接两个不定式时，其后一个常常省略to。
③rather than位于句首时，常跟不带to的不定式。
④rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词和前一个主语保持一致。
He would rather tell the truth than tell a lie.(＝He prefers to tell the truth rather than tell a lie.)
他宁可说出事实真相，也不愿撒谎。
Rather than get into trouble，she left in a hurry.
她不愿陷入麻烦中，于是匆匆离开了。
单项填空
(1)The teacher rather than the students ______ to blame for the failure of the experiment.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A．was B．are C．were D．have
(2)The teacher thought his students needed more practice and learning skills ______ much homework.
A．other than B．rather than C．more than D．or rather
(3)Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ a bicycle.
A．ride；ride B．riding；riding C．ride；to ride D．riding；ride
4．In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight.(P5，Reading and listening)
1945年4月，我在午夜听到有东西发生爆炸。
explode vi. 爆炸 vt.使爆炸
The fuel tank exploded，but nobody was injured.
油箱爆炸了，但是没有人受伤。
The terrorists exploded a bomb in a supermarket，killing five persons.
恐怖分子在超市引爆了一枚炸弹，导致5人死亡。
词汇辨析
explode 指物体爆炸而释放出大量的能量
burst 强调爆炸能量的突然释放和力量的突然迸发
erupt 主要是指火山的爆发
联想拓展
explode with anger勃然大怒
explosion n．爆炸声；爆炸
a gas explosion 瓦斯爆炸
an explosion of laughter爆发出笑声
(1)用explode/burst/erupt填空
①The gas ______，causing 3 deaths.
②The pipe had ______ and the house was under two feet of water.
③The volcano near my hometown ______every several years.
(2)单项填空
①The soldier took the bomb away to a safe place and ______ it.
A．fired B．burned C．exploded D．damaged
②The river rose because of the continuous heavy rains，and the bank almost ______.
A．exploded B．burst C．erupted D．explored
5．I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.(P7，Reading and writing)21世纪教育网
我很欣赏那些为寻找琥珀屋而努力的人们。
think highly of 看重；器重；给予高度评价
The headmaster thinks highly of our English teacher.21世纪教育网
校长很器重我们的英语老师。21世纪教育网
The world media thought highly of the 2010 Shanghai Expo.
世界媒体对2010上海世博会给予了高度评价。
联想拓展
think little/poorly/badly/ill of sb./sth.对某人/某事评价不高
sing high praise for对……高度评价/称赞
speak highly of sb./sth.对某人/某事高度评价
have a high/good opinion of 对……高度评价
(1)同义句改写
He is always doing his job quite well，so the boss thinks highly of him.
He is always doing his job quite well，so the boss ______ ______ ______ ______ ______him.
(2)单项填空
①Although he is a top student，teachers and students think ______ of him.
A．highly B．well C．much D．little
②She has a gift for performing and her performances are ______ by her fans.
A．high thought of B．well thought of
C．thought well of D．well thought
6.Nor do I think they should give it to any government.(P7，Reading and writing)
我认为他们不应该把琥珀屋给任何政府。
nor为否定副词，位于句首时引起部分倒装
If you don't go there，nor will I.
如果你不去那里，我也不去。
He hasn't been to Beijing，nor have I.
他没去过北京，我也没去过。
He isn't interested in English，nor am I.
他对英语不感兴趣，我也不感兴趣。
联想拓展
(1)当前一句中的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物时，应用“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”
Tom is a student，so am I.
汤姆是个学生，我也是。
(2)当前句中既有肯定情况也有否定情况，而这种情况也适用于另外的人或物或兼有不同类型的动词时，则用so it is (was) with sb./sth.或it is (was) the same with sb./sth.
He is ready to help others，but he doesn't study hard，so it is with her.
他乐于助人，但他学习不用功，她也是这样。
(3)neither，seldom，never，little，hardly，scarcely，rarely等否定副词位于句首时引起倒装
Never have I met such a person like you before.
之前我从来没见过像你这样的人。
(4)not until，at no time，in no way，by no means，no sooner等表示否定意义的短语位于句首时也引起倒装
At no time should we be late for class.
不论何时我们上课都不能迟到。
(1)完成句子
①He studies hard，__________(她也如此)．
②I don't want to go there，__________(他也不想去)．
③Jim likes English but he isn't good at it.__________(杰克也如此)．
(2)单项填空
①The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor______ it a thought.
A．does he even give B．he even gives
C．will he even give D．he will even give
②— I don't know about you, but I'm sick and tired of this weather.
— ______.I can't stand all this rain.
A．I don't care B．It's hard to say
C．So am I D．I hope not
③Never before ______seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
A．had she B．she had C．has she D．she has
答案：1．(1)①tell ②live ③kept ④fell ⑤stand
(2)①B 提示：句意为：“这两个签名非常相似，难以区分。”take apart“拆开，拆卸”；tell apart“区分，辨认”；keep apart“分开”；separate不能与apart连用，常与from连用。由句意可知，B项正确。
②A 提示：由后面的put them together可知，此处应该为taking apart“拆卸”。句意为：“罗德喜欢拆卸钟表，然而他无法把钟表再安装起来。”give away“分发，捐助”；make up“弥补，占据”；turn off“关闭”。
2．1)(1)①proved right(to be right) ②proved that he was telling lies ③has proved to be very important/of great importance
(2)④
(3)A 提示：句意为：“长期的合作证明王先生是一个精明、诚实、可信赖的人。”
2)(1)①students→student ②any后加other
(2)①C 提示：由于中国在亚洲范围之内，所以A项不正确。B项countries应改为country。
②B 提示：根据“布莱克先生非常高兴”可知，他们厂生产的服装应该是“最受欢迎的”，否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用表示最高级意义。
③B 提示：当形容词或副词的比较级与否定词连用时，表示最高级意义。句意为：“你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？”“这是我经历过的最快乐的一次”。
3．1)(1)①for ②about ③about ④for
(2)①C 提示：句意为：“尽管我喜欢看美国职业篮球比赛，但我从来不关心哪个队赢。”care for“喜欢”；care about“在乎，在意”。
②A 提示：come across“偶然碰见，无意中找到”；care about“在意，在乎”；look for“寻找”；focus upon“关注，集中于”。句意为：“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病，但仍想要买，那么你可以要求店员降价。”
2)(1)A 提示：be to blame for“因……应受到责备”，排除D项。rather than“而不是”，连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的保持一致。
(2)B 提示：句意为：“老师认为他的学生需要更多的练习和学习技能而不是太多的作业。”other than“除了”；rather than“而不是”；more than“不只是，仅仅”；or rather“确切地说”。由句意可知，B项正确。
(3)C 提示：prefer to do... rather than do...“宁可做……而不愿做……”，此处把rather than do...放在句首。由此可知，C项正确。
4．(1)①exploded ②burst ③erupts
(2)①C 提示：句意为：“那个士兵把炸弹移到一个安全的地方引爆了它。”explode a bomb “引爆炸弹”。
②B 提示：句意为：“由于连降暴雨，那条河的水位上涨，河坝几乎要决堤了。”表示“决堤”时应用burst。
5．(1)has a good opinion of
(2)①D 提示：句意为：“尽管他是一名优等生，但老师们和学生们对他的评价不高。”由句中although表转折可知D项是正确的。
②B 提示：由句意可知，此处应为被动语态，在被动语态中think well (highly) of中的of不可省略，应把well，highly放在be动词和过去分词中间，故B项正确。
6．(1)①so does she ②nor does he ③So it is with Jack/It is the same with Jack
(2)①C 提示：由否定词“nor”位于句首可知，后面的句子应用部分倒装。依据前面的将来时可知，此处应为将来时的倒装。故C项正确。
②C 提示：当表示后者与前者具有相同特征的时候，后者用倒装的形式；肯定用so，否定用nor或neither构成。根据后面一句中的I can't stand all this rain.可知，此处与上一句中的I'm sick and tired of this weather.表达同样的感受，因此应该用So am I，表示“我也是”。
③C 提示：由never这一否定副词位于句首可知，此处应用倒装语序，排除B、D两项。再由before这一时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时，故C项正确。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
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