辽宁省六校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月期初考试
英语试题 原卷版
考试时间:120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Under Singapore’s Vaccinated Travel Framework, all travellers including Singapore citizens and permanent residents arriving from all countries/regions can enter Singapore without quarantine (隔离), testing or entry approvals if they meet the following requirements:
*Be a child born on or after 1 Jan. 2010 — children who meet this criteria can enter regardless of COVID-19 vaccination status (疫苗接种状态).
*Be fully vaccinated with WHO EUL vaccines if born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 (i. e. age 13 and above by year of birth) Mixed doses using these WHO EUL vaccines, and vaccination with recovery are also acceptable.
*Be vaccinated against Yellow Fever if you have visited Yellow Fever high risk countries/regions in Africa and Latin America — a valid Yellow Fever vaccination certificate is required.
Travellers born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 who do not meet the vaccination requirements above are considered non-fully vaccinated travellers. They will be subject to entry approvals, tests and quarantine. This includes travellers who:
*Are medically exempted (免除) from COVID-19 vaccination.
*Took non-WHO EUL vaccines only, and did not take the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
*Recovered from COVID-19 but did not complete the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
Generally, non-fully vaccinated long term pass holders and short-term visitors are not allowed to enter Singapore unless in exceptional circumstances.
Click the orange button below for a detailed checklist of travel requirements.
1. Who can enter Singapore without entry approvals
A. A college graduate unvaccinated. B. A ten-year-old boy from Australia.
C. A Singaporean infected with COVID-19. D. A business man from Africa with Yellow Fever.
2. What will the non-fully vaccinated travelers do to enter Singapore
A. Get a long term pass.
B Take non-WHO EUL vaccines.
C. Have physical examination on a regular basis.
D. Provide entry approvals and receive tests and quarantine.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A magazine. C. A website. D. A brochure.
B
Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution to two of our country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Rather than toss your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.
Chip caters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they sanitize (消毒) the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use padding and liners from old coats to line the insides.
It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around,” Oleita told the Detroit News. Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.
Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita—whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life—and her fellow volunteers. “We are devoted to making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” she said.
And, of course, there’s the symbolism of recycling bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita said, “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”
4. What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A. How they make the sleeping bags. B. Why they sanitize the chip bags.
C. Where they collect the chip bags. D. What they use to line the insides.
5. What do the numbers in paragraph 3 show
A. The new sleeping bags have many benefits.
B. A lot of effort is put into making the sleeping bags.
C. People consume a large quantity of chips every day.
D. People are aware of the importance of environmental protection.
6. Why do the volunteers make rather than simply buy sleeping bags
A They wish they could earn better life.
B They think it is difficult to raise a lot of money.
C. They aim to help the homeless by recycling waste.
D. They want to find a simpler way to help the homeless.
7. What can we infer from the passage
A. Recycling chip bags can remove poverty.
B. The new sleeping bags have been put into wide use.
C. Few chip bags will end up in the trash in the country.
D. Environmental injustice and poverty are usually closely connected.
C
Some of the world’s best Coffea arabica is grown on Mount Kenya. This variety of the plant produces beans that are tastier than those from its poor cousin, Coffea canephora (known as robusta), which often ends up in instant coffee (速溶咖啡). However, global warming may reduce the total area that is most suited to growing arabica beans by about half by 2050.
Some farmers are trying to adapt to warming by moving uphill. Yet this pushes them into areas long used for growing tea. Not only is there less space higher up; the move stresses how warming also threatens to harm the tea crop, which supports about 10% of Kenya’s population. Warmer weather will push tea itself higher up area.
Kenya’s government-funded Coffee Research Institute is trying to find other ways of helping farmers adapt, such as encouraging them to plant trees to shade their coffee bushes, or to grow hardier (适应性更强) robusta plants. It is also trying to plant a hybrid, Arabusta, which would combine the hardiness of robusta with the flavour of arabica. Coffee snobs may turn up their noses at it, but they may have no other choices.
However, such adaptations may bring social costs. Many smallholder farmers are at risk of being pushed out of the industry altogether because they cannot afford the money needed to protect their crops.
Another option may be entirely new varieties. Researchers in London are studying a wild type of coffee, Coffea stenophylla. It is delicious and can also take the heat. But it produces lower harvest than existing varieties and it may be years before it is widely grown. Without a breakthrough of some sort, caffeine addicts may face a future too unpleasant to imagine. “If we don’t have the innovation (创新) to respond to climate challenges,” Vern Long of World Coffee Research says, “we’re just going to be drinking man-made coffee.”
8. In what way is Coffea arabica better than Coffea robusta
A. Flavor. B. Harvest. C. Hardiness. D. Sales.
9. What does the underlined “it” refer to in Paragraph 3
A. Robusta. B. Arabica. C. Arabusta. D. Stenophylla.
10. What might be the impact of the government’s policy
A. Good money will be brought in.
B. The areas of tea crop will be reduced.
C. The cost of coffee-planting may drop.
D. Smallholder coffee farmers may disappear.
11. What’s the purpose of this text
A. To give suggestions to coffee farmers.
B. To recommend new varieties of coffee.
C. To introduce coffee industry under threat.
D. To list possible solutions to climate changes.
D
Contrary to “popular opinion”, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. This aspect is similar to art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to increase creative freedom.
“Science and art are two different ways to make something understandable. They both provide a perspective on reality,” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers. “From the outside, the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy. But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way.”
“Scientists can learn a lot from artists,” says Weijers. “Association and creativity are central to art. Those aspects require more attention in science as the creative process is the key of science.”
“As a scientist, you use different methods, but it is equally about how you visualize(可视化) your understanding of reality and the connections that there are. This is sometimes just as visual as art,” says Weijers. One example is a recent special project in which Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel, professor of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular(分子的)sensor was used to visualize the different forces. They showed the results in colorful images, each representing a different force.
What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society. There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science. Weijers says, “It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the process leading to discovery. As a scientist, you are doubted if you say that something is different a few years later. Then you are viewed as unreliable. But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science. What we scientists can achieve in the coming period is to provide more chances for people to focus on the process. Personally, I think that the connection with art can help to lead the focus on the process than the result.”
12. What might be the “popular opinion” about the scientific discovery
A. It is creative. B. It can be accidental.
C It allows failures. D. It is predictable.
13. In Dolf Weijers’s view, the artistic process_________.
A. totally differs from the scientific one
B. normally looks formal and controlled
C. offers inspiration for scientific research
D. focuses on putting the messy in order
14. Why does the author mention Dolf Weijers’s research on plant cells
A. To prove that science can be visualized like art.
B. To stress that understanding science is difficult.
C. To show the value of his scientific achievements.
D. To tell obvious differences between science and art.
15. What does Dolf Weijers say about scientific studies
A. They have little to do with the discoveries.
B. Their process should be more open to people.
C. They always present unchanged final results.
D. Their focus is not the process but the result.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The most relaxing colors are generally believed to be cool shades such as green and blue. ____16____ So we can often see these colors in hospitals, test centers, and television stations, where people may want some help to ease their nerves and bad emotions.
Home designers note that people often describe rooms painted blue and green as relaxing and comfortable. As a result, architects often use colors from the cool part of the color circle in bedrooms and bathrooms. ____17____
Driving down a highway. you’ll notice that some signs consist of white letters on a dark green background. ____18____ Another place where we see green used is in the “green room” of theaters or television studios because nervous performers are quieted by the color. This is also the reason why doctors wear green clothes in the operating room. And prison cells often paint their walls green for the same effect.
____19____ Our eyes sense color using tiny sensors sensitive to the red light, the green light or the blue light. However, generally they are the most sensitive to the green light. Researchers think that this sensitivity to green objects might affect hormonal production that in turn influences the mood. What’s more, recent studies have shown that when a person looks at the green colored paper or is placed in a green room, their heart rate drops, blood pressure lowers, and muscles relax. ____20____ So next time you’re feeling nervous or upset, please try to focus your eyes on something green instead of red.
A. There was research into colors in ancient times.
B. In contrast, hot colors cause these to rise.
C. Different colors can cause different psychological reactions.
D. Engineers determine such signs won’t get people’s eyes tired.
E. And painters often use blues and greens on walls and ceilings.
F. Scientists have found some evidence for the magic power of green.
G. It is agreed that the two can make us feel calm, balanced and less emotional.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
My parents, siblings and I took our first camping trip to the Lake Houston Wilderness Park recently.
We had finished putting up the ____21____ when it suddenly started to rain. Luckily, we had ____22____ our tent on a high flat ground where water could not pour in. Mom got some snacks and drinks ready for us while we played games and ____23____ about our daily life, which made wet-weather camping fun. How ____24____ it was camping under the sound of the rain! We were gathered around in the center of ____25____ and it was a nice feeling. Even with the rain, I had never been so ____26____.
The rain died down before dark and the sky turned clear. Soon, Mom ____27____ a big meal over the fire for the family. I sensed that a hot meal and good ____28____ would warm us right up. While we ate together, Dad ____29____ at the stars and told us about his childhood. As we laughed and ____30____ on our days, the stars shone like diamonds at night.
The following day, we had a good time ____31____ the rocky trails around our campsite. ____32____ hiking in the forest, we had a lovely late afternoon boating. It was amazing to see the ____33____ changing rays of the sunset behind the pine trees. That evening we packed up our ____34____ and headed home.
I am very grateful for this camping trip, which has left us unforgettable ____35____.
21. A. tent B. shelf C. fence D. roof
22. A. checked B. attached C. approached D. positioned
23. A. felt B. argued C. chatted D. complained
24. A. strange B. unique C. powerful D. beneficial
25. A. culture B. society C. nature D. space
26. A. lucky B. happy C. curious D. confident
27. A. prepared B. served C. ordered D. delivered
28. A. impression B. adventure C. performance D. conversation
29. A. yelled B. pointed C. wondered D. laughed
30. A. set out B. went back C. caught up D. looked down
31. A. paving B. cleaning C. searching D. exploring
32. A. Due to B. Apart from C. Instead of D. As for
33. A. dramatically B. casually C. regularly D. completely
34. A. goods B. tools C. belongings D. harvests
35. A. encounters B. coincidences C. discoveries D. memories
第二节 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
For followers of freestyle skiing and fashion alike, the buzz surrounding Winter Olympian Eileen Gu at this year’s Games has become____36____hit.
Gu’s gold-medal____37____(perform) in the competition pushed her into the global spotlight on Tuesday,____38____(cause) such a craze in China that social media platform Weibo crashed. But Gu has spent years establishing____39____(she) as both a top athlete and a____40____(huge) reliable model.
Since switching her sporting devotion to her mother’s home country in 2019, Gu____41____( get) her place in Chinese TV ads. is among the famous brands that she has modeled for in recent months. In fact, she arrived in Beijing with more than 20 commercial partnerships, ranging____42____Beats to Cadillac.
“The fashion world has helped balance my training,” Gu said. “Just like skiing, modeling____43____(require) creativity, confidence and the ability____44____ (learn) and adapt. The transition between modeling and skiing becomes a practice for each other,____45____helped me feel more motivated in each area.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校开设了丰富的劳动课程（Labor Skill Course），请你给英国朋友Peter写一封邮件。内容包括：
1.课程内容；
2.你的感受；
3.询问Peter劳动课情况。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had never been more anxious in my life. I had just spent the last three endless hours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home. Now, as I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my anxiety had only just begun.
This was my first visit alone to the international terminal (航站楼) of the airport, and nothing was familiar. I couldn’t make sense of any of the signs. Where was the check-in counter Where should I take my luggage I had no idea where to go, feeling as if I were deaf and blind and stupid. I began to panic. What time was it Where was my plane I had to find help because I couldn’t be late.
I tried to ask a passing businessman for help, but my words all came out wrong. He just frowned (皱眉) and walked away. What had happened I had been in this country for a whole semester, and I couldn’t even remember how to ask for directions. This was awful! Another bus arrived at the terminal, and the passengers came out carrying all sorts of luggage. Here was my chance! I could follow them to the right place, and I would not have to say a word.
I carried my heavy suitcase behind me and followed the group. We finally reached the elevators. Oh, no! They all fit in it, but there was not enough room for me. I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed. I was abandoned again! I had no idea what to do next. I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons. Which one could it be I pressed button 3, because I thought I saw those passengers pressed 3, though it was no more than a quick glance. The elevator slowly climbed up to the third floor and came to a stop. There were no check-in counters! I looked around shyly, only to find an elderly man standing at the corner. He was an airport employee.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I turned to thank him for all his help, he was gone.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________辽宁省六校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月期初考试
英语试题 解析版
考试时间:120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Under Singapore’s Vaccinated Travel Framework, all travellers including Singapore citizens and permanent residents arriving from all countries/regions can enter Singapore without quarantine (隔离), testing or entry approvals if they meet the following requirements:
*Be a child born on or after 1 Jan. 2010 — children who meet this criteria can enter regardless of COVID-19 vaccination status (疫苗接种状态).
*Be fully vaccinated with WHO EUL vaccines if born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 (i. e. age 13 and above by year of birth) Mixed doses using these WHO EUL vaccines, and vaccination with recovery are also acceptable.
*Be vaccinated against Yellow Fever if you have visited Yellow Fever high risk countries/regions in Africa and Latin America — a valid Yellow Fever vaccination certificate is required.
Travellers born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 who do not meet the vaccination requirements above are considered non-fully vaccinated travellers. They will be subject to entry approvals, tests and quarantine. This includes travellers who:
*Are medically exempted (免除) from COVID-19 vaccination.
*Took non-WHO EUL vaccines only, and did not take the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
*Recovered from COVID-19 but did not complete the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
Generally, non-fully vaccinated long term pass holders and short-term visitors are not allowed to enter Singapore unless in exceptional circumstances.
Click the orange button below for a detailed checklist of travel requirements.
1. Who can enter Singapore without entry approvals
A. A college graduate unvaccinated. B. A ten-year-old boy from Australia.
C. A Singaporean infected with COVID-19. D. A business man from Africa with Yellow Fever.
2. What will the non-fully vaccinated travelers do to enter Singapore
A. Get a long term pass.
B. Take non-WHO EUL vaccines.
C. Have physical examination on a regular basis.
D. Provide entry approvals and receive tests and quarantine.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A magazine. C. A website. D. A brochure.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的入境要求。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Be a child born on or after 1 Jan. 2010 — children who meet this criteria can enter regardless of COVID-19 vaccination status.(2010年1月1日或之后出生的儿童——符合这一标准的儿童无论是否处于COVID-19疫苗接种状态均可进入)”和第三段的“Be fully vaccinated with WHO EUL vaccines if born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 (i. e. age 13 and above by year of birth)(如在2009年12月31日或之前出生（即按出生年份划分为13岁及以上），应全面接种世卫组织EUL疫苗)”可知，现在是2022年，2010年1月1日或之后出生的儿童就应该是小于12岁的，因此一个来自澳大利亚的十岁男孩不需要入境许可就可以进入新加坡。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“Travellers born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 who do not meet the vaccination requirements above are considered non-fully vaccinated travellers. They will be subject to entry approvals, tests and quarantine.(在2009年12月31日或之前出生的旅行者，如果没有达到上述疫苗接种要求，将被视为未完全接种疫苗的旅行者。他们将接受入境许可、检测和隔离)”可知，未完全接种疫苗的旅行者要提供入境许可、检测和隔离。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Click the orange button below for a detailed checklist of travel requirements.(点击下面的橙色按钮查看详细的旅行需求清单)”可知，文章可能是从网站上摘录的。故选C。
B
Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution to two of our country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Rather than toss your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.
Chip caters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they sanitize (消毒) the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use padding and liners from old coats to line the insides.
It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around,” Oleita told the Detroit News. Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.
Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita—whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life—and her fellow volunteers. “We are devoted to making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” she said.
And, of course, there’s the symbolism of recycling bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita said, “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”
4. What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A. How they make the sleeping bags. B. Why they sanitize the chip bags.
C. Where they collect the chip bags. D. What they use to line the insides.
5. What do the numbers in paragraph 3 show
A The new sleeping bags have many benefits.
B. A lot of effort is put into making the sleeping bags.
C. People consume a large quantity of chips every day.
D. People are aware of the importance of environmental protection.
6. Why do the volunteers make rather than simply buy sleeping bags
A. They wish they could earn better life.
B. They think it is difficult to raise a lot of money.
C. They aim to help the homeless by recycling waste.
D. They want to find a simpler way to help the homeless.
7. What can we infer from the passage
A. Recycling chip bags can remove poverty.
B. The new sleeping bags have been put into wide use.
C Few chip bags will end up in the trash in the country.
D. Environmental injustice and poverty are usually closely connected.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国女孩Eradajere Oleita通过回收空薯条包装袋来制作睡袋，帮助无家可归的人并保护环境的故事。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Chip caters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they sanitize the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use padding and liners from old coats to line the insides.(薯条爱好者将他们来自Doritos、Lay’s和其他受欢迎的品牌的空包装送到底特律的两个地方：一家印刷店和一家服装店，Oleita和她的志愿者在那里收集空包装。在用肥皂热水清洗薯条包装后，他们将其切开，平放，然后将其熨在一起。他们用旧外套的填充物和衬里来填充内部)”可知，本段主要讲述了他们是如何收集并制作睡袋的。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags(缝一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯条包装)”以及“Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.(自2020年启动以来，薯条包装项目已经收集了80多万个薯条包装，截至去年12月，已经制作了110个睡袋)”可知，这一项目收集了非常多薯条包装，每150到300个薯条包装能制成一个睡袋，并且缝制一个睡袋需要大约四个小时，所以这些数字显示出制作睡袋需要付出很多努力。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“And, of course, there’s the symbolism of recycling bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless.(当然，还有回收薯条包装的象征意义，用这些否则就会被扔进垃圾桶里的薯条包装袋来帮助无家可归的人)”可知，薯条包装袋一般被当做垃圾，志愿者制作睡袋而不是简单地购买睡袋，是为了通过回收垃圾来帮助无家可归的人。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita said, “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”(这有力地提醒我们，环境不正义和贫困往往是同时存在的。正如奥列塔所说，“我认为是时候展示所有这些问题之间的联系了。”)”可知，环境不正义和贫困通常同时存在，密切相关。故选D项。
C
Some of the world’s best Coffea arabica is grown on Mount Kenya. This variety of the plant produces beans that are tastier than those from its poor cousin, Coffea canephora (known as robusta), which often ends up in instant coffee (速溶咖啡). However, global warming may reduce the total area that is most suited to growing arabica beans by about half by 2050.
Some farmers are trying to adapt to warming by moving uphill. Yet this pushes them into areas long used for growing tea. Not only is there less space higher up; the move stresses how warming also threatens to harm the tea crop, which supports about 10% of Kenya’s population. Warmer weather will push tea itself higher up area.
Kenya’s government-funded Coffee Research Institute is trying to find other ways of helping farmers adapt, such as encouraging them to plant trees to shade their coffee bushes, or to grow hardier (适应性更强) robusta plants. It is also trying to plant a hybrid, Arabusta, which would combine the hardiness of robusta with the flavour of arabica. Coffee snobs may turn up their noses at it, but they may have no other choices.
However, such adaptations may bring social costs. Many smallholder farmers are at risk of being pushed out of the industry altogether because they cannot afford the money needed to protect their crops.
Another option may be entirely new varieties. Researchers in London are studying a wild type of coffee, Coffea stenophylla. It is delicious and can also take the heat. But it produces lower harvest than existing varieties and it may be years before it is widely grown. Without a breakthrough of some sort, caffeine addicts may face a future too unpleasant to imagine. “If we don’t have the innovation (创新) to respond to climate challenges,” Vern Long of World Coffee Research says, “we’re just going to be drinking man-made coffee.”
8. In what way is Coffea arabica better than Coffea robusta
A. Flavor. B. Harvest. C. Hardiness. D. Sales.
9. What does the underlined “it” refer to in Paragraph 3
A. Robusta. B. Arabica. C. Arabusta. D. Stenophylla.
10. What might be the impact of the government’s policy
A. Good money will be brought in.
B. The areas of tea crop will be reduced.
C. The cost of coffee-planting may drop.
D. Smallholder coffee farmers may disappear.
11. What’s the purpose of this text
A. To give suggestions to coffee farmers.
B. To recommend new varieties of coffee.
C. To introduce coffee industry under threat.
D. To list possible solutions to climate changes.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了面临威胁的咖啡产业以及人们正在想办法解决问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Some of the world’s best Coffea arabica is grown on Mount Kenya. This variety of the plant produces beans that are tastier than those from its poor cousin, Coffea canephora (known as robusta), which often ends up in instant coffee.(肯尼亚山上种植着世界上最好的Coffea arabica。这种植物生产的咖啡豆比它可怜的表亲咖啡Coffea Canephora（被称为robusta）的咖啡豆更美味，后者通常会制成速溶咖啡)”可知，Coffea arabica在风味上比Coffea robusta更好。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“It is also trying to plant a hybrid, Arabusta, which would combine the hardiness of robusta with the flavour of arabica. Coffee snobs may turn up their noses at it, but they may have no other choices.(它还试图种植一种杂交品种Arabusta，这种品种将robusta的耐寒性与arabica的风味相结合。对咖啡自命高雅的人可能会对它嗤之以鼻，但他们可能别无选择)”可知，对咖啡自命高雅的人可能对杂交品种Arabusta嗤之以鼻，it指代的是Arabusta。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many smallholder farmers are at risk of being pushed out of the industry altogether because they cannot afford the money needed to protect their crops.(许多小农面临被完全赶出该行业的风险，因为他们负担不起保护作物所需的资金)”可知，政府的政策可能会导致咖啡小农负担不起所需的资金，从该行业消失。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“However, global warming may reduce the total area that is most suited to growing arabica beans by about half by 2050.(然而，到2050年，全球变暖可能使最适合种植arabica的总面积减少约一半)”、第四段“Many smallholder farmers are at risk of being pushed out of the industry altogether because they cannot afford the money needed to protect their crops.(许多小农面临被完全赶出该行业的风险，因为他们负担不起保护作物所需的资金)”以及最后一段“But it produces lower harvest than existing varieties and it may be years before it is widely grown.(但它的收成比现有品种低，而且可能要过几年才能广泛种植)”可知，本文写作的目的是介绍面临威胁的咖啡产业。故选C项。
D
Contrary to “popular opinion”, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. This aspect is similar to art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to increase creative freedom.
“Science and art are two different ways to make something understandable. They both provide a perspective on reality,” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers. “From the outside, the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy. But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way.”
“Scientists can learn a lot from artists,” says Weijers. “Association and creativity are central to art. Those aspects require more attention in science as the creative process is the key of science.”
“As a scientist, you use different methods, but it is equally about how you visualize(可视化) your understanding of reality and the connections that there are. This is sometimes just as visual as art,” says Weijers. One example is a recent special project in which Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel, professor of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular(分子的)sensor was used to visualize the different forces. They showed the results in colorful images, each representing a different force.
What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society. There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science. Weijers says, “It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the process leading to discovery. As a scientist, you are doubted if you say that something is different a few years later. Then you are viewed as unreliable. But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science. What we scientists can achieve in the coming period is to provide more chances for people to focus on the process. Personally, I think that the connection with art can help to lead the focus on the process than the result.”
12. What might be the “popular opinion” about the scientific discovery
A. It is creative. B. It can be accidental.
C. It allows failures. D. It is predictable.
13. In Dolf Weijers’s view, the artistic process_________.
A. totally differs from the scientific one
B. normally looks formal and controlled
C. offers inspiration for scientific research
D. focuses on putting the messy in order
14. Why does the author mention Dolf Weijers’s research on plant cells
A. To prove that science can be visualized like art.
B. To stress that understanding science is difficult.
C. To show the value of his scientific achievements.
D. To tell obvious differences between science and art.
15 What does Dolf Weijers say about scientific studies
A. They have little to do with the discoveries.
B. Their process should be more open to people.
C. They always present unchanged final results.
D. Their focus is not the process but the result.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了艺术创作和科学研究之间的关系。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Contrary to “popular opinion”, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable process(与“流行的观点”相反，对知识的科学追求不是一个可预测的过程)”可知，流行的观点认为科学发现是可预测的。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Scientists can learn a lot from artists,” says Weijers. “Association and creativity are central to art. Those aspects require more attention in science as the creative process is the key of science.”(“科学家可以从艺术家那里学到很多东西，”Weijers说。“联想和创造力是艺术的核心。这些方面在科学中需要更多的关注，因为创造过程是科学的关键。”)”可知，创造过程是科学的关键，而创造力又是艺术的核心。由此可知，艺术过程可以为科学研究提供创造力，激发科学研究的进行。故选C。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的““As a scientist, you use different methods, but it is equally about how you visualize(可视化) your understanding of reality and the connections that there are. This is sometimes just as visual as art,” says Weijers. One example is a recent special project…measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular sensor was used to visualize the different forces. They showed the results in colorful images, each representing a different force(“作为一名科学家，你使用不同的方法，但它同样是关于你如何将你对现实的理解和其中的联系形象化。这有时就像艺术一样视觉化，”Weijers说。一个例子是最近Weijers和他的同事，物理化学和软物质教授Joris Sprakel测量了作用在植物细胞上的力。一个分子传感器被用来可视化不同的力。他们用彩色图像展示了结果，每张图像代表一种不同的力)”可知，作者通过提及植物细胞的例子来证明该段开头提到的理论：科学可以像艺术一样被视觉化。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Weijers says, “It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the process leading to discovery. What we scientists can achieve in the coming period is to provide more chances for people to focus on the process. Personally, I think that the connection with art can help to lead the focus on the process than the result(Weijers说：“它经常造成错误的印象，因为只呈现科学研究的结果，人们对导致发现的过程没有任何洞察力。我们科学家在未来一段时间能做到的是为人们提供更多关注这一过程的机会。就我个人而言，我认为与艺术的联系有助于引导人们关注过程而不是结果”)可知，Weijers认为，应该给人们提供更多关注研究发现过程的机会，让人们更多的了解科学发现的过程。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The most relaxing colors are generally believed to be cool shades such as green and blue. ____16____ So we can often see these colors in hospitals, test centers, and television stations, where people may want some help to ease their nerves and bad emotions.
Home designers note that people often describe rooms painted blue and green as relaxing and comfortable. As a result, architects often use colors from the cool part of the color circle in bedrooms and bathrooms. ____17____
Driving down a highway. you’ll notice that some signs consist of white letters on a dark green background. ____18____ Another place where we see green used is in the “green room” of theaters or television studios because nervous performers are quieted by the color. This is also the reason why doctors wear green clothes in the operating room. And prison cells often paint their walls green for the same effect.
____19____ Our eyes sense color using tiny sensors sensitive to the red light, the green light or the blue light. However, generally they are the most sensitive to the green light. Researchers think that this sensitivity to green objects might affect hormonal production that in turn influences the mood. What’s more, recent studies have shown that when a person looks at the green colored paper or is placed in a green room, their heart rate drops, blood pressure lowers, and muscles relax. ____20____ So next time you’re feeling nervous or upset, please try to focus your eyes on something green instead of red.
A. There was research into colors in ancient times.
B. In contrast, hot colors cause these to rise.
C. Different colors can cause different psychological reactions.
D. Engineers determine such signs won’t get people’s eyes tired.
E And painters often use blues and greens on walls and ceilings.
F. Scientists have found some evidence for the magic power of green.
G. It is agreed that the two can make us feel calm, balanced and less emotional.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了最令人放松的颜色就是蓝色和绿色，因为这些颜色能让人放松、减压，因此很多人会把卧室和浴室漆成蓝色或绿色，甚至很多高速公路路标也会采用暗绿色的背景。
【16题详解】
上文“The most relaxing colors are generally believed to be cool shades such as green and blue.”提到了最令人放松的两种颜色：蓝色和绿色；而下文“So we can often see these colors in hospitals, test centers, and television stations, where people may want some help to ease their nerves and bad emotions.”则提到了经常在医院、测试中心和电视台看到这两种颜色，人们可能需要一些帮助来缓解紧张和不良情绪。由此可推知，设空处表明了这两种颜色具有某种功用，所以医院等地方才会经常用到。G项“It is agreed that the two can make us feel calm, balanced and less emotional.(人们一致认为，这两者可以让我们感到平静、平衡、不那么情绪化。)”中的“the two”与上文蓝色和绿色两种颜色对应，“make us feel calm, balanced and less emotional”则对应下文的“help to ease their nerves and bad emotions”。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“Home designers note that people often describe rooms painted blue and green as relaxing and comfortable. As a result, architects often use colors from the cool part of the color circle in bedrooms and bathrooms. As a result, architects often use colors from the cool part of the color circle in bedrooms and bathrooms.”提到了家居设计师注意到人们认为漆成蓝色和绿色的卧室很放松和舒适，因此，建筑师经常在卧室和浴室中使用比较冷淡的颜色。由此可知，这一段都是与家居设计相关的内容，故下文也应保持一致。E项“And painters often use blues and greens on walls and ceilings.(油漆工也经常在墙壁和天花板上使用蓝色和绿色。)”中的“walls and ceilings”恰好与上文中的“bedrooms and bathrooms”对应。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“Driving down a highway. you’ll notice that some signs consist of white letters on a dark green background.”提到了高速路上的一些标志的背景底色也是暗绿色的；下文“Another place where we see green used is in the “green room” of theaters or television studios because nervous performers are quieted by the color.”提到了另一个经常看到绿色的地方就是剧院或电视演播室的“绿房间”，因为紧张的演员看到绿色能安静下来。由此可推知，设空处应该与使用绿色的原因相关。D项“Engineers determine such signs won’t get people’s eyes tired.(工程师们认为这样的标志不会让人们的眼睛感到疲劳。)”中的“such signs won’t get people’s eyes tired”恰好与上文的“some signs consist of white letters on a dark green background”相对应。故选D项。
【19题详解】
设空处段首，故需要一个总括句。下文“Our eyes sense color using tiny sensors sensitive to the red light, the green light or the blue light. However, generally they are the most sensitive to the green light. Researchers think that this sensitivity to green objects might affect hormonal production that in turn influences the mood.”提到了，我们的眼睛通过对红光、绿光或蓝光敏感的微型传感器来感知颜色，但一般对绿光最敏感。研究人员认为，这种对绿色物体的敏感性可能会影响荷尔蒙的产生，进而影响情绪。F项“Scientists have found some evidence for the magic power of green.(科学家们已经发现了绿色魔力的一些证据。)”中的“Scientists”与下文的“Researchers”对应，且也是在重点强调绿色的作用，与下文对应。故选F项。
【20题详解】
上文“What’s more, recent studies have shown that when a person looks at the green colored paper or is placed in a green room, their heart rate drops, blood pressure lowers, and muscles relax.”提到了当一个人看着绿色的彩纸或被放在绿色的房间里时，他们的心率会下降，血压会降低，肌肉会放松。而下文“So next time you’re feeling nervous or upset, please try to focus your eyes on something green instead of red.”提到了感到紧张或不安时，试着把眼睛集中在绿色而不是红色的东西上。由此可推知，设空处提到了红色这一概念。B项“In contrast, hot colors cause these to rise.(相比之下，火热的颜色使这些上升。)”提到了“火热的颜色”，恰好对应下文的“red”，而these则指代前面的heart rate、blood pressure、muscles。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
My parents, siblings and I took our first camping trip to the Lake Houston Wilderness Park recently.
We had finished putting up the ____21____ when it suddenly started to rain. Luckily, we had ____22____ our tent on a high flat ground where water could not pour in. Mom got some snacks and drinks ready for us while we played games and ____23____ about our daily life, which made wet-weather camping fun. How ____24____ it was camping under the sound of the rain! We were gathered around in the center of ____25____ and it was a nice feeling. Even with the rain, I had never been so ____26____.
The rain died down before dark and the sky turned clear. Soon, Mom ____27____ a big meal over the fire for the family. I sensed that a hot meal and good ____28____ would warm us right up. While we ate together, Dad ____29____ at the stars and told us about his childhood. As we laughed and ____30____ on our days, the stars shone like diamonds at night.
The following day, we had a good time ____31____ the rocky trails around our campsite. ____32____ hiking in the forest, we had a lovely late afternoon boating. It was amazing to see the ____33____ changing rays of the sunset behind the pine trees. That evening we packed up our ____34____ and headed home.
I am very grateful for this camping trip, which has left us unforgettable ____35____.
21. A. tent B. shelf C. fence D. roof
22. A. checked B. attached C. approached D. positioned
23. A. felt B. argued C. chatted D. complained
24. A. strange B. unique C. powerful D. beneficial
25. A. culture B. society C. nature D. space
26. A. lucky B. happy C. curious D. confident
27. A. prepared B. served C. ordered D. delivered
28. A. impression B. adventure C. performance D. conversation
29. A. yelled B. pointed C. wondered D. laughed
30. A. set out B. went back C. caught up D. looked down
31. A. paving B. cleaning C. searching D. exploring
32. A. Due to B. Apart from C. Instead of D. As for
33. A. dramatically B. casually C. regularly D. completely
34. A. goods B. tools C. belongings D. harvests
35. A. encounters B. coincidences C. discoveries D. memories
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家最近去休斯顿湖荒野公园的一次难忘的露营。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们搭完帐篷，突然开始下雨。A. tent帐篷；B. shelf货架；C. fence围栏；D. roof屋顶。结合第二空后的“our tent on a high flat ground”可知这里说的是put up the tent，意为“搭帐篷”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们把帐篷放在了一块地势很高的平地上，那里的水不能大量涌入。A. checked检查；B. attached把......固定，附上；C. approached接近；D. positioned安置，定位。结合空格后的“on a high flat ground where water could not pour in”可知此处在描述我们放置帐篷的位置。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈为我们准备了一些零食和饮料，我们一起玩游戏，聊我们的日常生活，这让雨天露营变得很有趣。A. felt感觉；B. argued争辩；C. chatted聊天；D. complained抱怨。结合空格前的“played games”和空格后的“about our daily life”，可知这里指的是我们一起玩游戏，聊我们的日常生活。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在雨声中露营是多么独特啊！A. strange奇怪的；B. unique独特的；C. powerful强大的；D. beneficial有益的。结合“camping under the sound of the rain!”和下一句中的“it was a nice feeling”可知在在雨声中露营给作者的感觉是独特的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们聚集在大自然的中心，这是一种很好的感觉。A. culture文化；B. society社会；C. nature自然；D. space空间。结合上下文，可知作者露营遇到下雨，推断应该是我们聚集在大自然的中心，这是一种很好的感觉。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使下雨，我也从未如此快乐过。A. lucky幸运的；B. happy快乐的；C. curious好奇的；D. confident自信的。结合上一句“it was a nice feeling”和本句的“Even with the rain, I had never been so”可知作者要表达的是我从来没感觉如此快乐过。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，妈妈在火上为家人准备了一顿大餐。A. prepared准备；B. served送达；C. ordered订购；D. delivered交付。结合空格后的“a big meal over the fire”可知是妈妈准备一顿大餐。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：我感觉到一顿热饭和一次愉快的交谈会让我们立刻暖和起来。A. impression印象；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表演，表现；D. conversation对话。结合下文提到“Dad 9 at the stars and told us about his childhood.”可知这里指的是一顿热饭和一次愉快的交谈。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们一起吃饭的时候，爸爸指着星星告诉我们他的童年。A. yelled大叫；B. pointed指向；C. wondered好奇；D. laughed大笑。结合宾语“the stars”可知用短语point at，意为“指着”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们笑着回忆我们的日子时，夜晚的星星像钻石一样闪耀。A. set out出发；B. went back返回；C. caught up赶上；D. looked down往下看。结合前一句“Dad 9 at the stars and told us about his childhood.”可知是我们笑着，回忆我们的日子时，星星在夜晚像钻石一样闪闪发光。catch up on,事后得到关于…的消息。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我们探索露营地周围的岩石小道玩得很开心。A. paving铺设；B. cleaning清洁；C. searching搜索；D. exploring探索。结合后文“the rocky trails around our campsite”和“hiking in the forest”可知这里表达的是我们探索露营地周围的岩石小道。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：除了在森林里徒步旅行外，下午晚些时候我们划船玩得很愉快。A. Due to由于；B. Apart from除了；C. Instead of而不是；D. As for关于。结合空格后“hiking in the forest, we had a lovely late afternoon boating.”，可知这里表达的是“除了在森林里徒步旅行外，下午晚些时候我们划船玩得很愉快。”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：看到松树后面日落的光线戏剧性地变化真是太神奇了。A. dramatically戏剧性地；B. casually随意地；C. regularly定期地；D. completely完全地。结合本句中的“amazing”可知是描述日落的光线戏剧性地变化真是太神奇了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我们收拾行李回家了。A. goods货物；B. tools工具；C. belongings随身物品，财物；D. harvests收成。结合空格后的“headed home”可知是我们收拾行李回家了。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢这次露营旅行，它给我们留下了难忘的回忆。A. encounters遭遇；B. coincidences巧合；C. discoveries发现；D. memories记忆。结合本句中的“I am very grateful for this camping trip”，可知这次露营给我们留下了难忘的回忆。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
For followers of freestyle skiing and fashion alike, the buzz surrounding Winter Olympian Eileen Gu at this year’s Games has become____36____hit.
Gu’s gold-medal____37____(perform) in the competition pushed her into the global spotlight on Tuesday,____38____(cause) such a craze in China that social media platform Weibo crashed. But Gu has spent years establishing____39____(she) as both a top athlete and a____40____(huge) reliable model.
Since switching her sporting devotion to her mother’s home country in 2019, Gu____41____( get) her place in Chinese TV ads. is among the famous brands that she has modeled for in recent months. In fact, she arrived in Beijing with more than 20 commercial partnerships, ranging____42____Beats to Cadillac.
“The fashion world has helped balance my training,” Gu said. “Just like skiing, modeling____43____(require) creativity, confidence and the ability____44____ (learn) and adapt. The transition between modeling and skiing becomes a practice for each other,____45____helped me feel more motivated in each area.”
【答案】36. a 37. performance
38. causing
39. herself
40. hugely 41. has got
42. from 43. requires
44. to learn
45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了冬奥会冠军谷爱玲。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对于自由式滑雪爱好者和时尚爱好者来说，今年冬奥会上围绕冬奥会选手谷爱玲(Eileen Gu)的话题已经成为热门话题。分析句意可知，hit是可数名词，指“受欢迎的人或物”，此处泛指一个热门话题，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：周二，谷在比赛中的金牌表现让她成为了全球关注的焦点，在中国引起了如此大的热潮，以至于社交媒体平台微博瘫痪了。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用名词作主语，所以填提示词的名词形式，故填performance。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用非谓语动词中的现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。故填causing。
【39题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：但谷花了多年时间将自己打造成顶级运动员和非常可靠的模特。分析句意可知。此处指“Gu”将“她自己”打造成顶级运动员，主语与宾语一致，应用反身代词herself。故填herself。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，修饰形容词reliable应该用副词hugely，意为“非常，极度”。故填hugely。
【41题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：自2019年将自己的体育事业转向母亲的祖国以来，谷在中国的电视广告中占据了一席之地。提示词是主句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Since switching her sporting devotion to her mother’s home country in 2019”可知，应用现在完成时，且主语是第三人称单数名词，所有谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has got。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：句意：事实上，她来到北京时已经有20多个商业合作伙伴，从Beats到Cadillac无所不包。分析句意再根据ranging可知，此处用介词from构成固定搭配range from表示“从……到……范围”境。故填from。
【43题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：就像滑雪一样，模特需要创造力、自信以及学习和适应的能力。分析句式结构可知，提示词是谓语动词，陈述客观实事用一般现在时态，又因为主语为动名词modeling，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填requires。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：同上。名词ability后常用不定式作后置定语，ability to learn and adapt表示“学习和适应的能力”。故填to learn。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：模特和滑雪之间的转换成为彼此的练习，这帮助我在每个领域都感到更有动力。分析句式结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词practice，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校开设了丰富的劳动课程（Labor Skill Course），请你给英国朋友Peter写一封邮件。内容包括：
1.课程内容；
2.你的感受；
3.询问Peter劳动课情况。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
How are you recently I’m writing to tell you about our school’s Labor Skill Course.
To form the students’ correct view of labor, colorful labor programs are open every week. We can help plant vegetables or feed chickens in the school-run farm. Besides, students are also encouraged to participate in community service and voluntary work.
Most of us are fascinated by the course because it offers an alternative to our busy school life. Not only are we relaxed but also we have gained a higher moral value on life.
What is the Labor Skill Course like in your school
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Peter写一封邮件，告知他你校的劳动课程的相关信息，内容包括：1.课程内容；2.你的感受；3.询问Peter劳动课情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
观点：view→opinion
另外：besides→moreover
参加：participate in→take part in
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To form the students’ correct view of labor, colorful labor programs are open every week.
拓展句：Colorful labor programs are open every week, the purpose of which is to form the students’ correct view of labor.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Most of us are fascinated by the course because it offers an alternative to our busy school life. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Not only are we relaxed but also we have gained a higher moral value on life. (运用了部分倒装句)
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had never been more anxious in my life. I had just spent the last three endless hours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home. Now, as I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my anxiety had only just begun.
This was my first visit alone to the international terminal (航站楼) of the airport, and nothing was familiar. I couldn’t make sense of any of the signs. Where was the check-in counter Where should I take my luggage I had no idea where to go, feeling as if I were deaf and blind and stupid. I began to panic. What time was it Where was my plane I had to find help because I couldn’t be late.
I tried to ask a passing businessman for help, but my words all came out wrong. He just frowned (皱眉) and walked away. What had happened I had been in this country for a whole semester, and I couldn’t even remember how to ask for directions. This was awful! Another bus arrived at the terminal, and the passengers came out carrying all sorts of luggage. Here was my chance! I could follow them to the right place, and I would not have to say a word.
I carried my heavy suitcase behind me and followed the group. We finally reached the elevators. Oh, no! They all fit in it, but there was not enough room for me. I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed. I was abandoned again! I had no idea what to do next. I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons. Which one could it be I pressed button 3, because I thought I saw those passengers pressed 3, though it was no more than a quick glance. The elevator slowly climbed up to the third floor and came to a stop. There were no check-in counters! I looked around shyly, only to find an elderly man standing at the corner. He was an airport employee.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I turned to thank him for all his help, he was gone.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane. Just then the elderly airport employee walked towards me from the corner. He saw that I was lost and asked if he could help in any way. He gave me his handkerchief to dry my tears. He smiled kindly. He patted my shoulder to ease my anxiety before leading me down a long hallway. We walked up some stairs, turned a corner, and at last, there was the check-in counter! He led me past all the lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter.
Paragraph 2:
When I turned to thank him for all his help, he was gone. I never got an opportunity to know that kind man’s name, but I would always remember his unexpected kindness. He helped me when I needed it most. Without his timely help, I would have certainly missed my plane. I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveler who is suffering a terrible journey.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者要赶飞机，一生中从未如此焦虑过，这是作者第一次独自来到机场的国际航站楼，一切都不熟悉，为了能够找到办理登机手续的柜台，作者跟着一群人上了三楼，停了下来，没有登记柜台！作者害羞地环顾四周，却发现一个老人站在角落里，他是机场的工作人员。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我看到空空如也的大厅，意识到我将赶不上飞机时，我眼中涌出了泪水。”可知，第一段可描写那位老人如何帮助作者。
②由第二段首句内容“当我转身感谢他的帮助时，他已经走了。”可知，第二段可描写作者在那位老人走后的心理活动。
2.续写线索：接近作者——安慰作者——带到柜台——感激——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①问：ask/inquire
②缓解：ease/relieve
③带领：lead/guide
情绪类
①友善地：kindly/genially
②忧虑：anxiety/worry
【点睛】[高分句型1]He saw that I was lost and asked if he could help in any way.(由that引导的宾语从句和if引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveler who is suffering a terrible journey.(由that引导的宾语从句和关系代词who引导的定语从句)
