Unit 2 Saving the earth.›Topic 1 Pollution causes too many problems.›

Unit2 Topic 1 Section A
【学习目标】
1.学习直接引语和间接引语的用法；
2.讨论不同种类的污染，提高环保意识。
【预习案】
一、 读1a，完成1b的内容.
二、 在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.计划一次野餐_________________
2.一个充满鲜花和草地的漂亮的地方
3.一些化工厂_______________
4.两天后_______________
5.我的天哪！____________
6.难闻______________
7.把…倒入… ______________
8.complete the table______________
9.过去_________________
10.现在________________
11.对动物造成很大的伤害_________
12.大气污染____________
13.土壤污染_____________
14.水污染______________
15.光污染_______________
16.噪声污染_______________
17.垃圾污染__________
18.大量使用化学药品_______________
19.使人们感到不舒服_____________________
20.呼吸困难___________________
21.做一些有用的事______________
22.对眼睛有害____________________
23.影响我们的环境_________________
24.到处乱扔…_____________
【探究案】 在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.You will see bees and butterflies dancing
译：__________________________________________
点拨:see sb. doing sth.---看见某人正在做某事。强调事件，(延续性)行动正在进行。
对比:see sb. do sth.---看见某人做某事。看见整个事件，(短暂性)行动全过程，动作已经结束。
总结：这样的动词还有---hear, watch, find, feel---叫做感官动词
练习:a.刚才我看见她穿过了马路。______________________________
b.刚才我看见她在跳舞。____________________________________
2.The flowers and grass have gone！译： ________________________
点拨：have/has gone---已经不复存在，不见了，消失了
巩固：a. Has your headache gone yet
译：______________________________________
b. I left my bike outside the library, but when I came out, it had gone.
译：_____________
3. It smells terrible. 译：__________________________________________
点拨：smell terrible --- 系表结构 --- 难闻
初中常见的系动词总结：
（1）状态系动词只有be一词，表示主语状态、性质、特征
a. He is a teacher.___________________________ b. They are at home._______________
（2）持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, stay, remain等
a. He always keeps quiet._________________ b. We must stay healthy._________
（3）表像系动词，用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look等。
a. He looks tired. _______________ b. It seems serious. _______________________________
（4）感官系动词，主要有feel, smell, sound, taste等
a. The flowers smell very sweet._______________ b. The fish tastes delicious._____________
（5）变化系动词，表示主语变成什么样，有become，get，turn，go，grow ---变得
a. The weather gets warmer and warmer.___________________________________
b. He became mad after that. ______________________________________
c. The leaves turn green in spring. ______________________________________
d. She grew rich after a short time.__________________________________
总结：系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（多为形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
练习：
1)我昨天感到伤心。译：___________
2)他变得越来越壮。译：_________
3)音乐听起来很棒。译：__________
4)丝绸摸起来很柔软。译：_______
4.Look,there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the stream. 译：_
点拨: pour…into…把…往…里倾倒（排放）
练习：a.Did you pour the bad soup into the plastic bag 译：____________________
b.不要把脏水倒进池塘。译：_____________________________________
点拨(2)：waste --- 废弃的，无用的(形容词) --- waste land______
waste waste __________
waste --- 废物，废料(名词) 常用短语：
(a) waste of…---一种…的浪费
waste --- 浪费(动词)
用法： waste … doing sth.--- 浪费…做某事
点拨(3)：there be + sb./sth. + doing sth. 有某人某物正在做某事
练习：a. There are two people waiting for the bus at the bus stop.
译：_________________
b.看！有个小男孩正在树下玩耍。
译：_______________________
c.听！有个人在隔壁唱歌。
译：___________________________________
拓展：there be + sb./sth. + to do sth. 有某人某物去做某事
练习：a.There is no time to think.
译：________________________________
b.There were few machines to help us to do farm work in the past.
译：____________
5.People use chemicals too much in their fields.
译：_______________________________
点拨：use…too much---大量使用…
对比：too much / too many / much too
练习：
a. In some cities there is _______ _________ air pollution caused by many cars. 译：
b. He is a rich man with _________ __________ money, but he feels lonely. 译：_____
c. Pollution causes ______ _______ problems. 译：________
d. They were ________ ________ excited and couldn’t help jumping and dancing. 译：__
6. Litter influences our environment.
译：__________________________________
点拨：influence --- 影响，对……起作用(动词)
练习：a. His books have influenced the lives of millions.
译：____________________
b. Don’t let me influence you either way.
译：____________________________
拓展：influence---影响，作用(名词) 常用短语：have an (strong/great) influence on …对…产生(很大)影响
练习：a. The influence of the weather on the farming is very important.
译：________
b.老师的行为对他们的学生产生很大影响。
Teachers’ behavior _____ ___ ___their students.
【归纳】
I. 汉译英
1. 如果有人吸毒或不遵守其它制度，他将不被允许呆在这个街坊里。
If anyone ______ or ________ other rules, he won’t be allowed to stay in the neighborhood.
2. 它已经提供了一个能使我成功的机会。
It has given me a good ____ to ______.
3. 在过去的十年里，中国发生了很大的变化。
_______________ years, great changes have taken place in China.
4. 怀特先生在国内外有很多朋友。
Mr. White has many friends at ___________________.
5. 我不能忍受她嘲笑我。 I can’t _____________ her __________________ me.
II. 用for或since填空
1. I haven’t seen a film ____ a long time.
2. You have lived here ____ 1998, haven’t you
3. The tree had been here _____ nearly 300 years.
4. Three years has passed ______ we came back from England.
5. I have been a worker _____ two years.
III. 阅读对话，补全所缺单词
Tom: Kangkang and Betty, it’s so (1)_____. Shall we go and have a (2)_____
Kangkang: Swim I don’t think so.
Betty: (3)_____shall I . you see, the water in the river is so dirty.
Kangkang: Yes. The (4)______ why the river is so dirty is that the factories near it are (5)_____ dirty water into it every day.
Tom: Hasn’t anything been done (6)_____ it is being poured into the river
Betty: No. It’s terrible. The water smells bad.
Kangkang: In some newspapers it’s (7)______that dead fishes are here and there.
Tom: How (8)_____! I dare not eat fish any more.
Kangkang: I dare not either. And I’m feeling scared too.
Betty: It’s time to (9)_____ our environment. I think if everyone tries to (10)________ the environment, our world would become better and better.
Unit 2 topic 1Section B
【学习目标】
1. 继续学习并掌握直接引语和间接引语的用法；
2.学习表达责备和抱怨。
【预习案】
在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.看起来很虚弱_________________
2.自打上个星期到现在_______________
3.排放有害气体___________________
4.make my chest hurt________________
5.另外_____________________
6.产生很多噪音________________
7.睡得好_____________
8.心情糟糕________________
9.不能忍受这样的环境______________
10.河里的死鱼_________________
11.尽快解决这一问题_____________
12.引起许多麻烦____________
13.给报社写信_____________
14.感觉好些_______________
15.感觉更难受______________
16.这周边的环境._____________
17.direct speech___________
18.indirect speech________
19.给同学们做报告_______________
20.几年前_______________
21.discuss the following questions in groups
22.在采访的结尾_____________
23.排放废水或气体________________
【探究案】 在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.What’s wrong with you
思考：同义句
1）__________________________
2）_________________________
3）_________________________
2.How long have you been like this
译：_________________________________
点拨：how long---多长时间，谓语动词必须为延续性动词。区别：when---什么时间, 谓语动词多为短暂性动词。
练习：1) ---___________have you learned English ---Since two years ago.
2) ---___________did you start to learn English ---Two years ago.
链接：用how much / how many / how soon / how often / how far / how heavy / how tall / how wide填空
1)________ ________ is Xinxiang from Zhengzhou About 70km.
2)________ ________do you play computer games Twice a week.
3) ________ ________does the huge stone weigh About 10 tons.
4) ________ ________ is the Great Wall It is wide enough to permit(允许) five or six horses to stand side by side.
5) ________ ________is Yao Ming He is 2.26 meters.
6) ________ ________will you come back from your hometown. In two weeks.
7) ________ ________ brothers and sisters do you have A brother and a sister.
8) ________ ________ money do you want The more, the better.
3.The bad air makes my chest hurt. 译：________________________________
点拨：hurt --- 感到疼痛(不及物动词) 拓展：1)弄伤,弄疼(及物动词) 2)受伤的(形容词)
练习：a. I hurt my foot in the door.
译：________________________________________
b.He is badly hurt.
译：_______________________________________________
c. The strong light makes my eyes hurt.
译：_______________________________________________
4.I can’t stand the environment here.
译：____________________________________
点拨：stand --- 承受，容忍，经受，常与can / could连用。
拓展：1)stand sth./sb.---忍受某人/某事 2)stand doing sth. 忍受做某事 3)stand sb./sth. doing sth.忍受某人/物做某事
a)我无法忍受他的错误。
I ________ _________ __________ _____________.
b)他总是做傻事，我真受不了他。
He always _______ ________ _______, I really _________ _______ _________.
c)我无法忍受等你这么久。
I ________ _________ _________ _________ you _________ __________.
d)他不能忍受人们乱丢垃圾。
He ________ ________ people __________ litter _____________.
5.Anyway, I hope the government will solve this problem soon.
译：_________________________________________
点拨：anyway---无论如何，不管怎样, 一般用于句首，后用逗号隔开。
练习：1）无论如何，我将帮你完成这项工作。
译：________________________________________
2）Anyway thanks.
译：______________________________
--- 同义句：____________________________
【归纳】
I. 汉译英
1. 我们尽最大努力让我们学校保持干净、整洁。
We do ______ best to _____ our school clean and tidy.
2. 在考试中，你越细心，出的错误就越少。
In the exam, the _______ you are, the _________mistakes you’ll make.
3. 白色污染影响我们城市的外貌。
White pollution ________ the ____ of our city.
4. 那个人和乞丐差不多。
That man is _______ than a beggar.
5. 我爸爸入党已经二十年了。
My father has _____ a Party member ____ more than twenty years.
II. 把下列句子翻译成汉语
1. I decided to give the chest to the fisherman.
2. My goodness! The pretty rabbit fell into the dirty water.
3. He has been deaf for ten years.
4. The secretary of the president managed to stop the pollution.
5. I can’t stand you any more!
III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Taking _________ (drug) is harmful to people’s health.
2. Milk often _________(mention) his good friends to us when we get together.
3. Uncle Wang’s pet dog _______ (dead) the day before yesterday.
4. I feel ______ (excite) to hear the exciting news.
5. If anyone always listens to an MP3, he or she may be d_____ easily.
IV. 按要求变化下列各句
1. Michael’s father said that he would go to New York the next day. （改为直接引语）
Michael’s father _______________________________.
2. I asked Jim, “Do you enjoy your life here ” （改为间接引语）
I asked him ______________________________________.
3. Kangkang bought the nice watch last year. （用since改为现在完成时态）
Kangkang __________________ since last year.
4. Mrs. Black left Beijing yesterday. （用for改为现在完成时态）
Mrs. Black ________________________ for one day.
5. Mrs. Lee often says, “I will tell your parents about it.” （改为间接引语）
Mr. Lee often says to me that _________________________________.
Unit 2 topic 1Section C
【学习目标】
了解噪音污染，提高环保意识。
【预习案】
一、 先回答1a的两个问题再读1a
二、读1a，完成1b
三、 在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.在午夜播放高分贝的摇滚乐
2.烧木材，天然气，石油和煤
3.用风力发电________
4.课下大声地讨论___________
5.课下大声地交谈___________
6.在今天的世界_____________
7.一种污染_____________
8.对人们的健康有害__
10.容易失聪______________
11.印刷报纸________________
12.相当多的人_____________
13.丧失听力_______________
14.和65岁的人一样差________
15.听高分贝的流行音乐_____
16.在公共场合制造大的噪声___
17.打扰他人_____________
18.对人的听力有很大的伤害_
19.感到不舒服和不愉悦___________
20.become sick or deaf______
21.尽力解决…____________________
22.所有的环境问题___________
23.包括噪音污染___________
24.一个合适的标题______________
25.住在机场附近___________
26.到处扔垃圾_____________
27.紧挨着一条繁华的街道居住____
28.在锯木厂工作____________
29.污染的坏作用____________
30. the same meaning________
【探究案】 在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.However, not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to human’s health.
译：_____________________________________
点拨：not all… --- 不是所有的都…(部分否定)
练习： Not all people are interested in English.
译：___________________________________________________
总结：not与all, every以及every的派生词连用时表示部分否定。
练习：a) Not everybody likes watching TV.
译：______________________________________________________
b) Not everything you did was right.
译：_______________________________________________________
拓展：neither, none, nothing, nobody, no one等，则表示全部否定。
练习：a) Neither of the students likes music.
译：____________________________________________
b) I think nothing is difficult for me.
译：_____________________________________________
c) 在我们周围没有哪个人喜欢“小皇帝”。
译：___________________________________________________
点拨：be harmful to sb. / sth. --- 对某人/物有害
练习：a. Reading in the poor light is harmful to eyes.
译：________________________________________________
b. 熬夜对健康有害。
译：____________________________________
2.Rcently, it is reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do, because these young people always listen to loud pop music.
译：_______________________________________________
点拨：It is reported that---据报道 (后接 从句)
链接：据说__________________
点拨：no better than…和…（几乎）一样坏/差 = almost as bad/badly as…
练习：a)His English is no better than yours.
译：______________________________________________________
b)Lucy did no better than Lily (did) in the exam.
= Lucy did _______ ________ ________Lily (did) in the exam.
3.It not only disturbs others but also does great harm to people’s hearing.
译：_________________________________
点拨：do harm to sb. / sth. = be harmful to sb./sth. --- 对某人/某物有害
拓展：harm还可以作动词：harm sb./sth. --- 伤害某人/某物
练习：1)His words did harm to his mother.
译：________________________________________________
2) Littering around harms the environment.
译：____________________________________________
巩固：a.化学制品对环境有害。
译：a)动词_____________________________________________
b)形容词______________________________________
c)名词__________________________________________
b.吃油炸食品对健康有害。
译：a)动词_________________________________________
b)形容词__________________________________________________________
c)名词___________________________________________________________
【归纳】
I. 汉译英
1. 我不喜欢牛奶，但是他强迫我喝。
I don’t like milk, but he ____ me ___ it.
2. 节约用水是我们的职责。
It’s ____ to save water.
3. 世界将变得越来越美丽。
The world will become _____________ beautiful.
4. 从现在开始，我会努力学习的。
I will study hard _____________________.
5. 据报道，在美国有时黑人在晚会上会被枪杀。
__________________________________ the negroes are killed at the evening party in America sometimes.
II. 选用下列单词并用其适当形式填空
relation, produce, walk, play, chest, once, influence, so, live, cancer
1. ____ you are interested in playing computer games, you will have trouble giving it up.
2. The boy is _____ young that he can’t look after himself.
3. He is used to ______ to school.
4. I think it’s a wonderful place _____ in.
5. You can enjoy _____, concerts and operas every day if you like.
6. The chemical factory has ______ terrible gas. It should be far away from the center of the city.
7. I didn’t sleep well last night because my ____ hurt badly.
8. The questions have no ____ to his lessons.
9. What he said has a strong ______ on me.
10. The ______ has spread to his stomach. He is dying.
III. 阅读短文，补全所缺单词
Ann: Excuse me, Lily, what are you searching for on the Internet
Lily: About (1)______ pollution.
Ann: Noise pollution What is noise pollution I don’t know (2)_____.please tell me about it, will you
Lily: OK. Everyone knows that air pollution is (3)_____ to our health, but ______(4) all the people know that noise is also a kind of ______(5) and it’s harmful to human’s health, (6)______.
Ann: Really But how can that (7)_____
Lily: You know, many of the workers who print newspapers and books and people living near airport become (8)______ because of much noise.
Ann: Is that so I like listening to pop music. Is that a kind of pollution
Lily: Yes. What’s (9)_____, too much noise that planes or machines produce can even make people ill.
Ann: That sounds terrible. Thank you (10)______ telling me. I’ll tell everyone about the noise pollution.
Unit 2 topic 1Section D
【学习目标】
1.复习直接引语和间接引语的用法；
2.总结污染的种类及危害。
【预习案】
一、 读1a，完成1b的表格。
二、 在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.许多种污染_________________ 2.在我们周围_______________________
3.对我们的健康有害__________________4.在许多方面_______________________
5.create the air pollution___________________6.随着污染的增____________________
7.工业的发展__________________________8.到处是_________________________
9.破坏土壤____________________________10.导致高血压_________________
11.strong, changeable light _____12.做绿色环保人士__________________
【归纳】
一、分析下面单词的词性及意思
chemist--_____( )
breath---_____( )
harm---_____( )
weakness---___( )
producer---____( )
electric---____( )
part---______( )
include-_____( )
creative---____( )
near--___( )____( )
effective -____( )
press ---____( )
二、写出下面动词的过去式---过去分词
hide---_____---_______
hit---_______---_______
hold--________---_____
hurt--________---______
keep---________---_____
know---_______---_____
lay---_______---______
lead---_______---_____
learn---______---______
leave---_____---______
lend--_______---______
let---______---________
lie--________---_______
light---_____---_______
lose---_______---
话题测试Unit 2 Topic 1
词汇：(A)根据句意和首字母，填入所缺的单词：
1.The old man can hear nothing. He is d_________.
2. People need to b________ the fresh air.
3.I’m sorry to d_________ you.
4. The man has cancer because of the air p____________.
5.The chemical factory p_________ terrible gas every day.
(B)根据汉语意思，填入所缺的单词：
1. He is________ _______ ______ _______(情绪很糟糕) today.
2. All the flowers, grass and fish __________ _________(都没了)
3. There ________ a little girl ___________(正在哭) in the street.
4. Noise _______ _______ _______ / _________ _______ _______
(对……有害) our ears.
5. China has done __________ _________(一些有用的事情) to prevent the pollution.
6. We _________ _________(设法) get to the airport in time yesterday.
7. I’m sorry for ________ ________ _________ _________
(制造如此多的噪音)
8. His spoken English is _______ ________ _______
(几乎与……一样差) mine.
(C)用括号中词的适当形式填空：
1. The noise outside made her ______________(comfortable)
2. Look! I can see fish ______________(swim) in the river.
3. The air in the village is ___________(fresh) than the air in the city.
4. If you work in ___________(noise) conditions for too long, you may have hearing loss.
5. ___________(walk) for too long may make you tired.
二、重点语法和句型：（直接引语和间接引语）
直接引语变间接引语注意点：1.人称；2.关系代词或关系副词；
3.时态；4.语序；
5.时间
将下列句子改成间接引语：
1.She said, “I have to look after my brother at home.”
She said _______ ______ ________ to look after _________ brother at home.
2.He asked me, “Do you like living here ”
He asked me ______ ______ _______ living here.
3. He asked, “Where has Tom gone ”
He asked _______ Tom ________ gone.
4. Lucy asked me, “Are you leaving for Beijing tomorrow ”
Lucy asked me ______ we _______ ________ for Beijing the _________ day.
5. “Don’t do it like this,” said Tom.
Tom ______ me _______ _______ ______ it like _______.
6. Paul asked Jane, “When will you begin doing homework ”
Paul asked Jane ________ ________ _______ ________ doing homework.
三、选择填空：
( )1. It’s our duty _____ the environment.
A. protect B. to protect C. protects D. protected
( )2. The boss made the child laborers ______ for 12 hours every day.
A. work B. working C. to work D. worked
( )3. The chemical factory poured lots of waste ____ the river nearby.
A. down B. in C. into D. onto
( )4.----Hi, Tom. You look very tired. What’s wrong ----I ____ all day.
A. work B. worked C. have worked D. had worked
( )5. I’m too hungry. I have to stop ____.
A. have a lunch B. having lunch C. to have lunch D. had lunch
( )6. The students were all tired, but _____ of them stopped to have a rest.
A. none B. each C. both D. all
( )7. When I was walking in the street, I saw a UFO _____ over my head.
A.flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly
( )8. The farmers use chemicals too much in their fields,
so _____ is difficult to stop.
A. air pollution B. soil pollution
C. water pollution D. noise pollution
( )9. The teacher asked Lucy _______.
A. where does she come from B. what did she like best
C. if she could speak Chinese D. when was she born
( )10. Ten years ______ since my father ______ to America.
A. have passed, went B. has passed, went
C. passed, went D. has past, went
四、补全对话：
A: What’s ________ with you, Paul B: What I can’t hear you.
Please speak more_______.
A: I asked what _______ wrong with you.
B: Oh, I can’t hear clearly. ________ is wrong with my ears.
A: What __________ to you
B: The noise in my factory.
A: But _________ can that be
B: Loud noise can cause hearing __________.
A: That ________ terrible. You’d better ________ work in the factory again. And then go to see a doctor.
B: I see. Thanks.
五、翻译下列句子：
1.有几家化工厂正向小溪里排放废水。
There are ______ chemical _______ _____ waste water _____ the __________.
2.垃圾影响了城市的外观。
__________ __________ the look of our cities.
3.他这样已经多长时间了？自上个月以来。
________ ________ ________ he ________ like this _________ last month.
4.太多的噪音也会引起高血压。
________ _______ noise can cause high _________ pressure _________ _________.