Unit 2 Saving the earth.›Topic 3 What kinds of things can we do to protect the environment?&#8

Unit 2 Topic 3 Section A
学习目标
1.学习由连词or, and, but,和while连接的复合句；
2.从“减量”，“再使用”，和”再循环”的角度讨论保护环境。
预习案
一、 读1a，回答问题
1.What is Jane working for ___________________________
2.What’s Jane’s main job __________________________
3.What does the three Rs refer to _____________________
二、 在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.一名…的学生____________
2.一名来自…的记者______________
3.环境保护_________________
4.为一个组织工作______
5.我的专职工作_____________
6.传播信息__________
7.使用纸的正反面________
8.循环使用塑料袋________
9.不仅…而且…______
7.省钱___________
10.鼓励某人做某事______
11.搜集废纸______________
12.饮料罐_______________
13.把他们分类__________
14.为了, 以便于…____________
15.应该____________
16.把垃圾分类___________
17.垃圾的种类___________
18.努力工作___________
19.考试不及格____________
20.正忙着做饭________
21.点头________________
22摇头_________________
23.快点！________________
24.错过公交车__________
25.数次失败________________
26.放弃_____________
【探究案】 在文中划出下面的句子并分析
We all know that you’re working for an organization that protects the environment.
译：___________________________________
思考：句中的第一个that引导 _______从句, 第二个that引导_____从句
点拨：work for… 为…工作 链接：play for --- ___________
拓展：work as --- 充当，担当 work on---从事
work out ---算出 work hard at ---在…方面工作努力
巩固：a. We should work for our motherland to make her stronger and more beautiful . 译：______
b. You can work as a teacher like Linda after college.译：________
c. He is working on a special job to protect the environment. 译：______
d. Can you work out how much money it will need 译：______________
e.Work hard at English and you will make great progress soon. 译：_________
2.My main job is to help spread the message about protecting the environment.
译_________
总结：help sb. (to) do sth.---帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth.---帮助某人某事can’t help doing sth.---禁不住做某事
练习：1.每天做锻炼有助于保持健康。
_______ _________every day _______ ______ ______ fit.
2.我昨天帮助我妈妈做家务活了。
I _______ my mother _______ _____ __________ yesterday.
3.你能帮帮我的英语吗？ Can you _______ me ________ my English
4.听到那个消息后，她禁不住哭了。
________ _________ the news, she ________ _______ __________.
3. I think recycling can not only protect the environment but also save money.
译：____________________________
点拨：not only …but also… 不仅……而且…, 并列连词短语，连接并列的各种成分，当连接并列主语时，
谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致，即“就近原则”。
练习：1.不仅我们而且她以前也到过那里。
______ _____ we _____ _____ she _____ _____ there _______.
2.他不仅说了，而且做了。He _____ ______ said it, but also ______ it.
3.我们不仅学习汉语也学习英语。______________________
4.他不仅是一位老师，还是一位作家。___________________
4.It’s nice of you to do that. 译：______________
点拨：It’s +形容词+of sb. to do sth. ---某人做某事真是太… (形容词是描述人的品质的)
同义句转换： sb. be + 形容词+ to do sth.
练习：It is nice of you to help us. = ________ are nice _______ ______ _______.
区别：It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.. 做某事对于某人来说很……（形容词是描述事物的特征）
同义句转换：To do sth. is + 形容词 + for sb.
练习：It is necessary for us to wash hands before meals.
=________ _______ ________is_____________ for us.
巩固：a.对我们来说每天练习说英语是必要的。
It’s _________ ____ us to practice ________ English every day.
b.帮助我们做了这么多活儿你真是太好了。
It’s kind ____you _____ ______ us with _____ ______ work.
c.你那样和你父母讲话是不礼貌的。
It’s ________ ____you ____ ______ ______your parents _____ that.
4. Everyone is supposed to do so. 译：________________
点拨：suppose – (根据所知)认为, 推断,料想, 后接宾语从句，注意第一人称时否定前移
练习：I suppose that the price will go up. 译：____________________
变为否定句：_________________________
点拨：be supposed to do sth.---(按规定，习惯，安排等）应该, 必须, 有义务做某事, 语义相当于ought to和should
练习：1）我认为你一小时前就应该在这儿。
I think you _______ ________ ____ ______ here an hour ago
2) 你应该早点完成作业。
You _______ _________ ______ __________ your homework earlier.
5. About 35％ of the garbage in Hong Kong can be recycled every year while the rest can’t.
译：_______________________________________
点拨：the rest---剩余的(人或物) 拓展：the rest of…---(人或物中)剩余的
练习：a.他的余生很精彩。
__________ ________ of his life _________ _____________.
b. Mary和Beth要去看电影，其余的女孩则要去买东西。
Mary and Beth will _____ ____ _____ ______and_____ ______ ___the girls are to go shopping.
语法链接---并列句
1）并列句是由连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连成的一个新句子，即：简单句+并列连词+简单句。
2）常用并列连词和短语
and(并且)，but（但是），or（否则），so (所以)，for(因为)，while(当…….时候；然而) when(当……时候),
not only…but also…(不仅…而且…),neither…nor…(既不…也不…), either…or…(或者…或者…)
练习：完成42页第3部分, 请写在下列横线上
1.________________________________________
2.________________________________________
3.________________________________________
4.________________________________________
5._______________________________________
6.________________________________________
7.______________________________________
8._______________________________________
归纳
I. 改错
1. ---Would you like to go to the concert with me
---I’d love to, or I have a lot of homework to do.
2. Forests help to keep water from running out away, so drought does not often happen.
3. The little boy is only six year old, but he can make wonderful model cars.
4. “Are you going to eat the ice-cream here or take them away ” asked the waiter.
5. I like the music while he likes sports.
II. 汉译英
1. 那个小女孩的父母决定呆在家里不出去了。
The girl’s parents have decided to stay at home _________________________ out.
2. 你们是怎样处理工业废水的。
How do you _____________ the waste water from the factory
3. 保护环境和发展经济同等重要。
__________________________ is as important as developing economy.
4. 她不但是位好老师，而且是伟大的作家。
She is _______________ a good teacher, ________________ a great writer.
5. 我哥哥善于骑马，但是我不行。
My brother ________________________ riding a horse.
III. 阅读对话，补全所缺单词
A: Dad, why not drive to work
B: Well, I think we ought to walk or ride a bike (1)______(2)______ drive a car or take a taxi. It’s (3)______ to the environment.
A: You mean we can do something (4)_________ to protect the environment. Right
B: Yes. Everyone can do something useful.
A: Could you give me some examples
B: Of course. For example, you’d (5)_____ not buy tings packed with leather. It’s a good way to protect the animals.
A: So I should wear clothes made of cotton (6)_____ of being made of animal’s skin
B: That’s right. You (7)_____ to turn (8)______ the lights when you leave a room.
A: It’s easy.
B: You can help (9)_______ waste batteries（电池）.
A: I hear waste batteries pollute the environment badly.
B: That’s (10)_________ we should collect them.
A: It’s kind of you to tell me about these.
Unit 2 topic 3 Section B
学习目标
1.学习用ought to提建议；
2.从身边小事做起，师生一起保护环境，做一个环保人。
预习案
一、 在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.做一个环保人士_____________
2.关(灯…)_______________
3.骑车_________________
4.最好做…_____________
5.代替…________________
6.乘公交车或打的________
7.短距离旅行_________
8.节约能源____________
9.减少空气污染__________
10.带个布袋____________
11.Easier said than done.__
12.Actions speak louder than done._
13.(你)自己种蔬菜__________
14.一些重要的事情__________
15.参加这项活动_________
16.在海滩见面___________
17.坐车去那儿__________
18.按时____________
19.垃圾分类________________
20.很多艰难的工作要做_______
21..确保__________
22.早点儿睡______
23.这么多的垃圾__________
二、在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.May I have your attention , please 译：____________________________
点拨：attention ---注意(名词) 链接：pay attention to… --- 注意… 拓展：多加注意…pay _______ attention to
练习：a. Please pay attention to what I will say. 译：______________
b.他当时都没有过多注意我们。
He _______ _______ ________ _______ _____ ______ at that time.
2.You ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.译：____________
点拨：ought to---应该，应当(情态动词，无人称，时态及数的变化) 表示责任, 义务或道义上应该…语义同should
注意：ought to的否定形式为ought not to do sth., 缩略形式oughtn’t to
疑问形式为Ought + 主语 + to do sth. 肯定回答：Yes, 主 + ought. 否定回答：No, 主 + ought not.
ought to 的反义疑问句中，附加疑问部分用ought或should疑问
练习：a. We ought to be polite to the old. 译：__________________________
b.你应该帮你妈妈做些家务活。
You _______ ____ ______ your mother _____ some housework.
c.你不应该在墙上画画。You ______ ____ draw on the wall.
d.我应该立刻去浇花吗？________ I ______ _______ the flowers at once
e.我们应该现在出发，是吗？We _______ _____ ______ now, ________ _______
2.You’d better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.
译：______________________________
点拨：’d better = had better 总结：had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
点拨：instead of代替，而不是 (介词短语)
比较：take the place of sb. to do sth.= take sb’s place to do sth.---代替某人做某事(动词短语)
练习：a.你们最好明天准时到这儿。
You ________ _______ ________ here ______ _______tomorrow.
b.老人最好不要开车。_____ ______ ______ ______ ______ drive cars.
c.我将代替他参加运动会。
I will ______ ______ ____ the sports meet ________ _______ ______.
I will ______ _____ _______ ___ ____ to _____ _____ ______ the sports meet.
d.昨天晚上我去看电影了没有呆在家。
I _____ ___ ____ _______ instead of _______ at home_____ ______.
3.The clean-up starts at 9:30 a.m. 译：____________________________
点拨：clean-up --- 清扫；清理(合成名词)
点拨：此句用一般现在时表将来，一般现在时表将来主要是与安排，计划或与时刻有关的动作。
可以这样使用的动词还有：arrive, begin, come, end, leave, go, return, finish, open等。
链接：现在进行时也可表将来。它常有“意图”，“安排”或“打算”的含义。
现在进行时表将来比较生动，给人一种期待感。一般现在时表将来和现在进行时表将来有时可以互换，
体会：The football match starts at 10:30.= The football match is starting at 10:30.
译：__________________________
练习：a.他什么时候出发去北京？When ______ he _______for Beijing？
b.运动会将要在下周六开幕。The sports meet ________ _____ next Saturday.
4. Make sure you go to bed early tonight.译：_________________
点拨：make sure + (that)从句 --- 确保,务必
链接: ①be sure of / about sth./sb. ---对某人/物有把握 ②be sure to do sth.---肯定或有把握做某事
③be sure + (that)从句--- 确信…
练习：a.当你离开教室的时候，确保窗户是关着的。
_____ ____ the windows are closed when you ____ the classroom.
b.他深信自己会成功。He _____ _____ _____ his ________.
同义句：He ____ _____ _____ he will succeed.
c. He is sure to succeed. 译：_________________________
6. We’ve got so much garbage! 译：____________________
点拨：have（got）= have ---有 注意：
疑问形式---Have you got… = Do you have …
练习：a.你发烧了吗？
______ you ______ a fever = ______ you ______ a fever
b.他得了流感，是吗？
He _____ _____ flu, _______ ____
= He ______ flu, ______ _____
归纳
I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Some wild animals and plants are ________(die) out because humans do harm to nature.
2.The whole society should _______(care) for teenagers and old people.
3.We should do something to prevent Bird Flu ________(spread) to human beings.
4.I hope we shall be friends and __________(understand) each other.
5.The flood ____________(wash) away many farmers’ houses.
6.Why don’t you _________(throw) away these waste things
7.Would you mind my ________(open) the door
8.What do you mean by ______ (say) these words
II. 汉译英
1. 大家理应保护我们的环境。
Everyone is ______________ our environment.
2. 她宁愿买一辆新车也不愿修一辆旧车。
He would rather buy a new car _____________ repair an old one.
3. 他们正在把这些铁罐分类，以便能够回收。
They are sorting the cans _________________________________.
4. 我认为回收废纸不但保护环境而且能够赚钱。
I think recycling waste paper ____________ protects the environment _____________ saves money.
5. 我们在学校能够做哪些事情保护我们的环境呢？
_____________________ can we do ________________ our environment
6. 我们每天应尽量减少丢弃废纸。
We should try our best to reduce _________________ every day.
III. 按要求变化下列各句
1. I borrowed this VCD a week ago. （同义句）
I have ___ this VCD ____ a week.
2. I have been at this school since three years ago. （对画线部分提问）
_____ ______ have you been at this school
3. He bought the book last year. （同义句）
He has ______ the book for more than a year.
4. She _____ (go) to America. She is not here.
5. We ____ (lose) our dog yesterday, we can’t find it.
Unit 2 topic3 Section C
学习目标
1.继续学习连词引导的复合句；
2.了解现代科学技术在环保方面的作用。
预习案
一、先查1a的生词的意思，再读短文，然后给每段选出合适的图片，最后完成1b
二、 在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.查这些单词 ________
2.understand the meanings further
3.通过读短文(的方式) ___________
4.produce power from coal_________
5.使用核能生产能源
6.全世界的人
7.寻找新办法_______
8.首批国家之一________________
9.使用沼气技术___________
10.制沼气______________
11.动物粪便_____________
12.在人们的日常生活中_______
13.在20世纪90 年代___________
14.花销很少_________________
15.被广泛使用 ______________
16.最著名的磁悬浮火车_____
17.达到最高时速__________
18.每小时431公里__________
19.更贵得多_____________
20.传统铁轨_____________
21.考虑…______________
22.别的什么____________
23.利用水的运动___________
24.用太阳能发电______________
【探究案】 在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.Some countries use nuclear energy to produce power.
译：_____________________________________________
点拨：use sth. to do sth.=use sth. for doing sth. ---使用某物做某事
练习：a.在过去人们使用竹子写字.
People _______ bamboo ______ _______ in th past.
b.人们用风发电。People _____ wind _______ producing electricity.
区别：还有一些介词也可表示“用”，如：in，by, with
a. You can solve the problem in this way. 译：__________________
b.You can buy lots of things with the money. 译：______________
c.My father goes to the office by car. 译：___________________
2.They are very efficient and cost a little to run.译：____________
点拨： run---使运转，使运行
练习：看，我们的新机器正运转的很好。
Look! Our new machines ______ _______ _______.
点拨：cost a little--花销很少 花销太高---______________
练习：在大城市生活花销太高。
______ ________ _________ ________ to live in big cities.
3.There will be an increase in electricity needs if they are widely used.
译：____________________________________
点拨：increase---增加, 在此句中为_____词 链接：increase by…增加了… increase to…增加到…
练习：a.明年在数量上会有所增加。
There _____ _____ an _______ in number _____ _______.
b.每年增加800万吨。It __________ _____ 8 _________ tons every year.
c.到目前我们班已增加到了54人。
The number of the students _______ _______ _____54 so far.
点拨：need---需要，在句中为_____词; 此外，need还是情态动词和行为动词
练习：a.没有必要每天去那。 There is _____ ______ to go there every day.
b.Do you need more money 译：__________________________
c.我必须马上去吗？没有必要。
_______ I go there _____ ______ No, you _________.
d.如果你不舒服就不必来。
You _______ ________ ________ come if you feel sick.
同义句：You __________ come if you feel sick.
3. The train can reach a top speed of 431 km per hour.
译：____________________________________________
点拨：reach a speed of+具体速度 ---达到某个速度
链接：at a speed of + 具体速度----以某个速度, 可用high, low, full等形容词修饰speed 。
练习：a.北京至天津线火车时速达到每小时300千米。
Beijing-Tianjin train ______ ___ _______ ____ 300 km per hour.
b.我们以每小时30英里的速度前进。
We were traveling ____ _____ _______ _____thirty miles per hour.
4.What else can be used to produce electricity. 译：__________________
点拨：else 修饰不定代词，疑问代词，放在不定代词，疑问代词的后面，做后置定语
点拨：can be used --- 含有情态动词的被动语态
练习：a.风可以被用来发电。Wind_____ _____ _____ to ______ __________.
b.因特网可以被用来聊天。The Internet _____ _____ ______ ____ _______.
5. It takes people just 7minutes to go to the airport 30km away.
译：__________________________________________
同义句：________________________________________________
6.However, maglev guide paths are much more expensive than traditional steel railways.译：_____________________
点拨：形容词前可加a lot, much, far, a little ,even等词修饰；还可在形容词比较级前加表数量的词。
练习：a. Don’t go by plane. It’s a lot more expensive.
译：_______________________________________________
b. His illness is far more serious than we thought.
译：_____________________________________________
c. It’s a little colder today than it was yesterday.
译：________________________________________________
d. It was cold yesterday, but it’s even colder today.
译：_____________________________________________
e. My sister is two years younger than me.
译：___________________________________________________
归纳
课后巩固
I. 汉译英
1. 地球百分之七十被水覆盖。
___________________ the earth is covered with water.
2. 当你离开房间的时候，应当关上窗户并锁上门。
You ____________ close the windows and lock the door when you leave the room.
3. 如果大气被污染，就可能下酸雨。
If the air ______________, it may rain ______________.
4. 你帮我学英语真是太好了。
___________________ to help me with my English.
5. 睡觉占去了我们许多时间。
Sleeping ____________ our much time.
6. 他想去西湖而不去购物。
He wanted to go to the West Lake _____________ shopping.
II. 完成下列同义句变化
1. John’s grandmother died ten years ago.
John’s grandmother has been ______ ______ ten years.
2. He didn’t want to miss the first bus, so he got up early.
He got up early _______________ he could catch the first bus.
3. None of the sweaters in that shop is the right size for me.
The sweaters in that shop are ____ too big _____ too small for me.
4. Do remember to lock the door when you leave.
________________ you lock the door when you leave.
5. My sister is not old enough to join the army.
My sister is ______________ to join the army.
III. 阅读对话选用合适的句子使对话完整
A. He used to be a teacher. B. Great changes have taken place there. C. I have just come back.D. Where have you been E. How long has he worked there
A: Hi, Li Ming. I haven’t seen you for a long time (1)______.
B: I have been to Chongqing. (2)________.
A: What have you done there
B: I have visited my uncle.
A: What does your uncle do
B: (3)______ Now he is a manager in a foreign company.
A: (4)_______
B: He has worked there for five years.
A: What do you think of Chongqing
B: (5)______ Many new tall buildings have been built. More and more ring roads have appeared.
A: Oh, I really hope to go to Chongqing some day.
B: I’m sure of it.
Unit 2 topic 3 Section D
学习目标
1.总结复合句的用法；
2.继续学习和拓展环境保护的话题。
预习案
在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.阻止工厂倒废水___
2.变得环保_____________________
3.努力做他们所能做的
4.进行短途旅行________
5.捡起垃圾 __________________
6.多久一次 ___________
7.pale green ____________
8.medium green ___________
9.bright green __________
10.停止努力__________
探究案 在文中划出下面的句子并分析
They are trying to do what they can to protect the environment.
译：___________________________________
点拨： 此句中what they can 做do 的____语；to protect the environment做句中的_______状语。
练习：a.我们一定要力所能及地去帮助别人。译：___________
b.他们竭尽所能解决了那个难题。译：________________
一、归纳
分析下列单词的词性及词意
reduce______( ) can---_______( )___( ) agreement--_______( )
action---______( ) electric-_________( ) efficient__________( )
per---_______( ) movement---________( ) offer---_______( ) ( )
二、写出下面动词的过去式---过去分词
say __________ _____________
see __________ _____________
sell __________ _____________
send__________ _____________
set__________ _____________
shake__________ _____________
shine__________ _____________
show__________ _____________
shut__________ _____________
sing__________ _____________
sink__________ _____________
sit__________ _____________
sleep__________ _____________
smell__________ _____________
speak__________ ___________
话题测试Unit 2 Topic 3
词汇：(A)根据句意和首字母，填入所缺的单词：
1. The three Rs are r___________, r___________ and r_______________.
2. Plastic bags can be r__________. 3. E___________ said than done.
4. The Maglev Train is very q_________, fast and very c_________.
5. Wind is used for p___________ electricity in many places.
(B)根据汉语意思，填入所缺的单词：
1. You _________ ______(应该)turn off the lights when you leave home.
2. Everyone ________ _______ ________(应该) protect the environment.
3. We should use _______ ________ ________ _________(纸的两面)
4. Would you mind _________ ________(关掉)the lights when you leave here
5.________ _________ (务必)everyone can get here _______ _______(按时)
6. Before you put them into the dustbin, please _______ ______ _______(分类垃圾)
(C)从方框中选择正确的词或词组，并用其适当形式填空：
get used to, strong, care for, save, harm, in danger of
1. We are trying ____________ endangered( 濒临灭绝的) animals.
2. The old man ______________ walking after supper every day.
3. Everyone should ____________ the old and the disabled.
4. The wind blows more and more ____________
5. Pollution is ___________ to our health.
6. Some animals and plants are _______________ disappearing.
二、重点语法和句型：并列句结构：_______________________
(A)用or, and, so, while, but, not only…but also填空：
1. Work hard, _____________ you’ll fail the exam.
2. I help her _________she helps me.
3. The old man is very old __________ he is in good health.
4. Tom was hard-working, ___________Lucy was lazy.
5. __________ Tom __________Lucy likes studying English.
6. He got up very late this morning ___________ he was late for school.
(B)选择填空：
( )1.Hurry up, ____you’ll be late.
A. and B. or C. but D. when
( )2. He is rich, ____he’s unhappy.
A. and B. or C. so D. but
( )3. Not only he but also I ______ good at skiing.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
( )4.---Would you like to go to the concert with me
---- I’d love to, ______ I’m too busy.
A. or B. but C. so D. and
三、选择填空：
( )1.I bought a new book and it _____ me 30 yuan.
A. paid B. spend C. took D. cost
( )2.You’d better ride a bike instead of ____ a bus.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
( )3.My job is ____ English for children.
A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. to teach
( )4.--____ do you eat fast food --- Seldom.
A. How long B. How often C. How D. How soon
( )5.You’d better _____ litter here and there.
A. throw B. to throw C. not throw D. not to throw
( )6.The big table ____ much room.
A. takes up B. takes C. takes off D. took
( )7.---What about these two coats, madam ---____ of them fits me.
Could you show me ____ one
A. Either, other B. Neither, another C. Either, else D. Either, another
( )8.---Do you live alone, Michael
---Yes, I have two children. But ____ of them lives with me. They are studying abroad.
A. both B. all C. neither D. none
( )9.It’s very kind ____ you _____ me.
A. of, help B. of, to help C. for, help D. for, to help
四、对话排序
( )A. Oh, I’ll study hard for producing much more electricity.
( )B. Yeah, we can’t live without electricity
( )C. Electricity is widely used in our life, isn’t it
( )D. Yes, we can produce electricity from wind, sun, water and so on.
( )E. It is said that coal is very dirty and nuclear power produce dangerous. Do we have any other ways to produce electricity
( )F. Yes, it is very important to us, and it is produced from coal or nuclear power.
( )G. Do you know about electricity
五、口头通知：
假如明天是星期六，你班将组织一次野外徒步旅行，请你拟一份7-8句的口头通知，包括如下内容：
1. 时间：明天（星期六）；2.活动内容：野外徒步旅行(hike on one’s field trip)；登山顶，在山上野餐；3.携带物品：带些食品饮料，穿结实的鞋；4.集合时间：早上七点半，要按时到；5.集合地点：校门口。
Attention, please!
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