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甘肃省张掖市2022-2023学年高二上学期8月开校检测英语试题
一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
The Charming City—Madrid
History
This city of over 3 million people is proud of Western Europe's largest royal palace, and some consider it to be Madrid's most beautiful building. Inside the palace, 3418 rooms are decorated in glory with museum-quality furniture and artworks. Tourists can tour 50 of these large and splendid rooms.
Art
The internationally respected Prado Museum is the largest and most impressive art gallery in Spain. Opened in 1819, it is filled with works of art that feature the world's most comprehensive collection of Spanish paintings.
Shopping
Madrid has some of Europe's best shopping malls, and potential buyers love to look through the stores, looking for bargains. But for 500 years, shoppers have gathered to an extremely large outdoor flea market, known as EI Rastro where they find everything from antiques(古玩)to CDs.
Entertainment
No trip to Madrid is complete without seeing a performance of Spain's famous art form, flamenco. Every day, flamenco performers sing, dance or play the guitar in small cafes and grand theaters alike.
Food
Madrid has a wide variety of restaurants, but because the Spanish typically eat late at about 9 or 10 p.m., it's difficult to find good dinner food earlier, If you get hungry before then, the best solution is to try a tapas bar where light snacks are served. Be sure to try the jam on, a kind of dry-cured ham. Spain is famous for it.
1．What do we know about the Royal Palace in Madrid
A．It can hold 3418 people.
B．It has 50 rooms for a visit.
C．It is thought to be the largest in Europe.
D．It's been visited by 3 million people.
2．What kind of market is EI Rastro
A．A discount store. B．An artwork store.
C．To sell various goods. D．To sell only antiques and CDs.
3．What is a must when traveling in Madrid
A．Enjoying flamenco. B．Having dinner earlier.
C．Visiting Prado Museum. D．Drinking in a tapas bar.
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，通过历史、艺术、购物、娱乐以及美食等五个方面来介绍马德里这个充满魅力的城市。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 History 部分中的“This city of over 3 million people is proud of Western Europe's largest royal palace, and some consider it to be Madrid's most beautiful building. Inside the palace, 3418 rooms are decorated in glory with museum-quality furniture and artworks. Tourists can tour 50 of these large and splendid rooms.”这座拥有300多万人口的城市以拥有西欧最大的皇家宫殿而自豪，有人认为它是马德里最美丽的建筑。在宫殿内，3418个房间用博物馆级的家具和艺术品装饰得光彩夺目。游客可以参观其中50间宽敞华丽的房间。可知，马德里的皇家宫殿是西欧最大的宫殿，而不是欧洲最大的，它拥有3418个房间，而其中的50个房间是可以给游客参观的。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Shopping 部分中的“But for 500 years, shoppers have gathered to an extremely large outdoor flea market, known as EI Rastro where they find everything from antiques(古玩)to CDs.”但500年来，购物者聚集在一个非常大的户外跳蚤市场，被称为EI Rastro，在那里他们可以找到从古玩到CD的所有东西。可知，EI Rastro是一个很大的跳蚤市场，游客可以在这里买到任何他们想要的东西，故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据 Entertainment 部分中的“No trip to Madrid is complete without seeing a performance of Spain's famous art form, flamenco.”如果没有看过西班牙著名艺术形式弗拉门戈表演，马德里之行就不完整。可知，来马德里旅行一定要去看看弗拉门戈这种艺术形式的表演，不然就白来马德里了。故选A。
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
A little boy almost thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because of poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症). He seldom played with his classmates; and when the teacher asked him to answer questions, he always lowered his head without a word.
One spring, the boy's father asked for some saplings (树苗) from the neighbor, He told his children to plant a sapling each person. The father said, "Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift." The boy also wanted to get his father's gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, anyhow, he hit upon an idea: The tree he planted would die soon. So after watering it once or twice, he never attended to it.
A few days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was surprised to find it not only didn't bend towards the ground, but also grew some fresh leaves, and compared with the trees of his brothers and sisters', his appeared greener and more vital. His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him he would become an outstanding botanist when he grew up.
Since then, the little boy slowly became optimistic. One day, the little boy lay on the bed but couldn't sleep. Looking at the bright moonlight outside the window, he suddenly recalled what the biology teacher once said, plants generally grow at night. Why not go to see the tree When he came to the courtyard on tiptoe, he found his father was splashing something under his tree with a ladle. He returned to his room, tears running down his face.
Decades passed. The little boy didn't become a botanist, but he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
4．Why did the boy fail to answer the teacher's questions
A．He couldn't concentrate on the class.
B．Other students looked down on him.
C．He was an unfortunate boy with learning disability.
D．He lacked confidence because of his illness.
5．How did the boy feel after seeing what his brothers and sisters did
A．Delighted. B．Discouraged. C．Inspired. D．Exhausted.
6．Why did the father ask the children to plant trees
A．He wanted to encourage the disabled boy.
B．He expected them to be botanists.
C．The neighbor required him to do it.
D．The children asked for their favorite gifts.
7．Which can best describe the father
A．Devoted and lovely. B．Diligent and talented.
C．Wise and encouraging. D．Clever and easygoing.
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国总统罗斯福小时候的故事。他的爸爸通过种树这件事，用爱帮助他重拾信心，最后成就了罗斯福伟大事业的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段“A little boy almost thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because of poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症). He seldom played with his classmates; and when the teacher asked him to answer questions, he always lowered his head without a word.”一个小男孩几乎认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子，因为他得了小儿麻痹症。他很少和同学玩耍，当老师让他回答问题时，他总是低着头一言不发。可知，这个男孩因为生病，对自己缺乏信心，在回答问题的时候总是一言不发。故选D。
5．考查推理理解。根据第二段中的“But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, anyhow, he hit upon an idea: The tree he planted would die soon. ”但是，看到兄弟姐妹们兴高采烈地挑水来浇树，他突然有了一个想法：他种的树很快就要死了。可知，当男孩看到兄弟姐妹们兴高采烈浇水的时候，认为自己的树要死了，所以他是沮丧的。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The father said, ‘Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift.'”父亲说：“谁的幼苗长得最好，我就给谁买一份最喜欢的礼物。”可知，男孩父亲让孩子们种树的想法是想鼓励这个残疾男孩。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The father said, ‘Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift.'”父亲说：“谁的幼苗长得最好，我就给谁买一份最喜欢的礼物。”可知，男孩父亲让孩子们种树的想法是想鼓励这个残疾男孩。由此可知，这位父亲是睿智的；以及第三段中的“His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him he would become an outstanding botanist when he grew up.”他的父亲遵守了他的诺言，给小男孩买了他最喜欢的礼物，并对他说，他长大后会成为一名杰出的植物学家。可知，父亲鼓励男孩，说男孩会成为杰出的植物学家。可推断，这位父亲是睿智的和激励人的。故选C。
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
Many
studies have shown the learning-by-teaching effect. Students who spend time
teaching what they've learned show better understanding and ability to remember
knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying. But why
does teaching help
Researchers
did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning
because it forces the teacher to find back what they've learned. They asked 124
students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is
completely new to them. They told the students they could take notes while
studying, but would teach the material afterwards without notes. After studying
the text, the students were divided into four groups. In one group the students
spent five minutes giving a lesson on the study material without notes. The
other groups either spent the same time completing arithmetic (算术) problems, teaching with a script (讲稿) or
writing down all they could remember from the text—a form of recalling
practice. A week later, all the students took a surprise test of their
knowledge and understanding of the text.
The
important finding is that the teaching-without-notes group and the
recalling-practice group performed better than the group that completed
arithmetic problems and the group that taught with a script.
The
researchers said the result shows that the benefits of the learning-by-teaching
method are caused by recalling practice; that is, the learning-by-teaching
method works only when the teaching includes recalling the taught materials.
The
new findings have a practical suggestion for how the learning-by-teaching
method is used in education. In order to make sure that students learn and
remember an educational material, they should internalize (内化) the material before presenting it to others, rather than depend on
notes during the presentation process.
8．Why does the author give a question in Paragraph 1
A．To look for readers' answer. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To keep a sense of mystery. D．To show off his knowledge.
9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Why the study started.
B．How the study was done.
C．How many people joined in the study.
D．What conclusion the researchers made.
10．What should be stressed in school education according to the author
A．Previewing-by-teaching. B．Note-taking.
C．Learning-by-teaching. D．Mind-mapping.
11．Where is the text probably from
A．A history textbook. B．A newspaper.
C．A guideline. D．A detective novel.
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．C
11．B
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意题；教育文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项重要的研究，研究发现在学习中，学生在教学中学习更有助于提高学生的学习效率。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Students who spend time teaching what they've learned show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying. ”花时间教授所学知识的学生比只花同样时间重新学习的学生表现出更好的理解和记忆知识的能力；以及第二段中的“Researchers did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to find back what they've learned.”研究人员进行了一项研究，以验证他们的观点，即教学提高了教师的学习，因为它迫使教师找回他们所学的东西。可知，本篇文章主要讲述在教学中学习更能提高学生的学习效果。可推断，第一段提出问题的原因在于进一步介绍本篇文章的主题。故选B。
9．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“They asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them. ”他们让124名学生花十分钟学习一篇关于一个对他们来说完全陌生的主题的带有数字的课文；“After studying the text, the students were divided into four groups.”在学习课文后，学生们被分为四组；以及“A week later, all the students took a surprise test of their knowledge and understanding of the text.”一周后，所有的学生都对他们的知识和对课文的理解进行了一次意外的测试。可知，第二段主要介绍实验的过程，也就是这个实验是怎么做的。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“The new findings have a practical suggestion for how the learning-by-teaching method is used in education. In order to make sure that students learn and remember an educational material, they should internalize (内化) the material before presenting it to others, rather than depend on notes during the presentation process.”这些新发现为教学中学习在教育中的应用提供了切实可行的建议。为了确保学生学习和记忆教育材料，他们应该在向他人展示之前将材料内化，而不是在展示过程中依赖笔记。可知，作者认为在教学中学习有利于教育实践，学生应该在教学中学习。由此可推知，在学校教育中，应该强调的是在教学中学习。故选C。
11．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了一项重要的研究，研究发现在学习中，学生在教学中学习更有助于提高学生的学习效率。所以此文章最有可能出自报纸。故选B。
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
After
bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started
eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.
Unlike
common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the
same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a
person to use, often set up near living communities.
Every
four-square-meter room is equipped with a treadmill(跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television
and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains for privacy. When
exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by
connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. There's no
shower or washbasin.
Similar to
using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone
application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A
refundable deposit(保证金)of 99
yuan is required，and users are charged I yuan every 5 minutes.
The shared
gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in
July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already
raised over 100 million yuan, Yicai Global reports. The idea of the shared
fitness experience is not entirely nascent. Last December, the
Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and
apartment buildings.
The
sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global,
confident investors are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the
State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value
of China's sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years,
and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country's GDP.
12．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one
A．Offering open spaces. B．Standing in the living zone.
C．Holding one person at a time. D．Having some advanced equipment
13．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room
A．Use a smartphone. B．Pay 100 yuan first.
C．Let down curtains for privacy. D．Have a shower before exercise.
14．What does the underlined word "nascent" in paragraph 5 mean
A．Simple. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．New.
15．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To introduce shared gym rooms.
B．To advertise a techno logy company.
C．To support the shared gym rooms.
D．To predict the future of shared gym rooms.
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．D
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在自行车和雨伞在中国被共享之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，因此共享健身房开始在北京的街道上出现。作者介绍了共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程，这一项目也体现了共享经济在中国仍然很流行。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Unlike regular gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.”不像一般的健身房会为许多会员提供宽敞的开放空间，新建的共享健身房是供人使用的独立小房间，通常建在居住社区附近。可知，共享健身房和普通健身房的不同之处在于，共享健身房每次只容纳一个人。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit(保证金)of 99 yuan is required，and users are charged I yuan every 5 minutes.”可知与共享单车类似，用户可以通过智能手机应用程序定位共享健身房，提前预订房间，然后需要扫描二维码才能使用。用户需缴纳99元可退还的押金，每5分钟收费1元。可知，想要使用共享健身房的用户需要一部智能手机。故选B。
14．考查词义猜测。根据第5段中的“Last December, the Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.”去年12月，总部位于上海的科技公司VRUN在办公楼和公寓楼里设立了共享跑步机。可知，共享健身体验的想法并不完全是新事物。即划线单词意思为“新的”。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据第一段“After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.”在自行车和雨伞在中国被共享之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，因此共享健身房开始在北京的街道上出现。结合文章主要介绍了共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程，这一项目也体现了共享经济在中国仍然很流行。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍共享健身房。故选A。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Enjoy Spring
As winter is past and the days start warming and brightening, it's possible to start feeling your mood improved and you re less weighed down by the cold days of winter. 16． And indeed it is the time to renew your goals, refresh your home, and unearth your garden. As the ever growing days invite you to spend more time outside, you'll easily find many ways to keep you outside of the house enjoying the fresh spring days.
Make a plan at the start of spring. 17． Whether it's gardening, spring cleaning, learning something new, having a makeover, organizing renovations (翻新), or another activity suited to a season of renewal, planning for it will help you to make the most of the spring months.
18． This is a good time to sit back and assess the strengths and weaknesses of your current living space and to reach a decision about whether or not it could be improved through a change in decoration styles or additions through decorations.
Spring clean. This age-old tradition of clearing away the dust of winter will give your house a fresh beginning for the warmer months ahead and make the house and surrounds more inviting and enjoyable for you and your family and friends. 19．
Take time to notice the changes around you. Listen to the birds sing and watch the plant life around you emerge (显露), shoot up, and finally start to blossom (开花). 20． Set yourself a goal of little change until suddenly it seems as if a big one to you.
A. Make a decision about the move.
B. Consider redecoration or renovation.
C. Spring is the time of enjoying something fresh.
D. Spring is a great time to do complete cleaning.
E. The beginning of spring is the best time to plan.
F. The world around you is starting fresh and so can you.
G. Spring is the perfect time to set the pace for the warmth
【答案】16．C；17．E；18．B；19．D；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，为如何享受春天提出了几点建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“As winter is past and the days start warming and brightening, it s possible to start feeling your mood improved and you re less weighed down by the cold days of winter.”随着冬天的过去，白天开始变暖，变亮，你有可能开始感觉你的情绪得到改善，你不再被寒冷的冬天拖累。可知，从冬天到春天一切都在变好，C. Spring is the time of enjoying something fresh. “春天是享受新鲜事物的时候。”告诉我们，春天一切变好，我们也要开始享受春天。故选C。
17．根据空前“Make a plan at the start of spring.”在春天开始时制定一个计划。可知，本段主要讲制定计划。E. The beginning of spring is the best time to plan.“ 春天的开始是制定计划的最佳时机。”与主题句有相同的关键词“plan”，也是对主题句的进一步解释。故选E。
18．根据空后“This is a good time to sit back and assess the strengths and weaknesses of your current living space and to reach a decision about whether or not it could be improved through a change in decoration styles or additions through decorations ”这是一个很好的可以坐下来评估你目前的生活空间的优缺点的时候，并决定是否可以通过改变装饰风格或通过装饰的添加来改善它。可知，本段主要讲的是考虑重新装修或翻新生活空间，B. Consider redecoration or renovation.“ 请考虑重新装修或翻新。”符合题意。 故选B。
19．根据空前“Spring clean.”春天大扫除。D. Spring is a great time to do complete cleaning.“春天是做彻底大扫除的好时机。”正好对本段所讲的春天大扫除的内容做了一个总结。故选D。
20．根据空后“Set yourself a goal of little change until suddenly it seems as if a big one to you.” 为自己设定了一个小的改变目标，直到突然在你看来是一个大的改变。”提出如何改变自己的具体方法，F. The world around you is starting fresh and so can you.“你周围的世界正在开始变得新鲜，你也可以。”让你从周围的改变中注意到你自己也是可以改变的，符合语境。 故选F。
三、完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。
A couple of days ago, my 9 year old son and I were shopping at a
grocery store (食品杂货店). At the
checkout, a mother was trying to understand her bill. She didn't have enough 21． for her milk and cheese. The manager 22． the items (商品) from
her cart and carried them away to the fridge section.
There had been 23． when I myself didn't have money to buy
groceries my family needed, but today was 24． .
It was payday so there we stood in line with our groceries.
I whispered to my son and told him to run and get the 25． back with the items. He was confused. He
didn't understand me. I was trying to do an act of kindness, but it went 26． .
The lady left with her son and 27． groceries than she had planned. I told the
checkout guy to 28． me
for her milk and cheese and that we'd run to the parking lot and 29． her up. He said "You'd do that " and
I said "Yes, I want to make sure they have what they 30． ."
He quickly called the manager back. I paid for my items and hers
and my son and I ran to the parking lot where we 31． we would find the lady. But
the mom and her son were 32． and with them went my opportunity to gift
these small but 33． items.
I felt 34． for not speaking up and telling her what I wanted
to do for her. If I had told her about it, I wouldn't have 35． the chance of doing a good
deed. Perhaps because of this our future acts will be delivered with speed, as
it is intended and necessary for love and kindness.
21．A．space B．money C．patience D．help
22．A．counted B．added C．removed D．replaced
23．A．times B．reasons C．ways D．stores
24．A．free B．different C．common D．familiar
25．A．fridge B．mother C．partner D．manager
26．A．wrong B．bad C．crazy D．hungry
27．A．cheaper B．heavier C．fewer D．larger
28．A．reward B．search C．pay D．charge
29．A．pick B．catch C．cheer D．give
30．A．need B．buy C．order D．lose
31．A．proved B．doubted C．remembered D．thought
32．A．grateful B．unwilling C．gone D．tired
33．A．necessary B．expensive C．useless D．beautiful
34．A．lucky B．frightened C．terrible D．hopeless
35．A．had B．missed C．welcomed D．refused
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．D；26．A；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．D；32．C；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在杂货店购物的时候，本来想帮助一位没钱付款的女士；但是等他买到那位女士需要的东西追出去的时候，女士已经离开了。作者为失去这次帮助人的机会感到很遗憾。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：她没有足够的钱买牛奶和奶酪。A. space“空间”；B. money“钱”；C. patience“耐心”；D. help“帮助”。根据下文“The manager 2 the items (商品) from her cart and carried them away to the fridge section.”，经理把她的东西拿走，放回到冷冻区，可知那位女士没有足够的钱付款。故选B。
22．句意：经理把她的东西从购物车中拿走，放回到冷冻区。A. counted“数”；B. added“加上”； C. removed“移除”；D. replaced “代替，取代”。根据上文可知，由于那位女士没有足够的钱付账，经理把她的东西拿走，放回到冷冻区。remove …from...，固定短语，“把……从……中拿走，搬走”。故选C。
23．句意：曾经有一段时期，我自己也没钱买家里需要的日用品。A. times“时期”；B. reasons“原因”；C. ways“方法”；D. stores“商店”。此处 There had been times… 和下一句的 today 对比。故选A。
24．句意：但今天不一样。A. free“免费的”；B. different“不同的”；C. common“常见的”；D. familiar“熟悉的”。根据下文“It was payday”可知，今天作者有足够的钱买日用品，这与以前的情况不同。故选B。
25．句意：我低声对儿子说，让他跑去让经理把那些东西拿回来。A. fridge“冰箱”；B. mother“妈妈”；C. partner“同伴”；D. manager“经理”。根据上文“The manager 2 the items (商品) from her cart and carried them away to the fridge section”，是经理把那位女士买的东西拿走了，现在作者让儿子去找经理，让他把东西拿回来。故选D。
26．句意：我本想做一件善意的事，A. wrong“错的”；B. bad“坏的”；C. crazy“疯的，疯狂的”；D. hungry“饿的”。根据上文“He was confused. He didn't understand me.”可知， 因为儿子不明白作者的意思，结果就出了差错。go wrong固定短语 “弄错，出问题”，故选A。
27．句意：那位女士带着儿子离开了，买的东西比她计划的要少。A. cheaper“更便宜的”；B. heavier“更重的”；C. fewer“更少的”；D. larger“更大的”。根据上文“She didn't have enough 1 for her milk and cheese.” 可知那位女士最终没有买牛奶和奶酪，比计划买的东西少。故选C。
28．句意：我告诉收款台的工作人员向我收取她的牛奶和奶酪的费用。A. reward“奖励，回报”； B. search“寻找”；C. pay“付费”；D. charge“收费”。根据上文，我想做一件好事——帮那位女士付钱，因此作者诉收款台的工作人员向自己收取她的牛奶和奶酪的钱，charge sb. for…固定短语，“因……向某人收费”。故选D。
29．句意：我们会跑到停车场去追上她。A. pick “摘”；B. catch “抓”；C. cheer “振作”；D. give “给”。根据上文“The lady left with her son”，那位女士已经带着儿子离开了，作者想去追上她，把牛奶和奶酪给她。catch up固定短语，“跟上，赶上”，故选B。
30．句意：我说，“是的，我想确保他们有需要的东西。”A. need“需要”；B. buy“购买”；C. order“预订”；D. lose“失去”。作者想帮助她购买这些必要的日常生活用品。 故选A。
31．句意：我付了我的商品的钱，也付了她的，然后我和儿子跑到停车场，以为能在那里找到那位女士。A. proved“证明”；B. doubted“怀疑”；C. remembered“记得”；D. thought“认为”。根据上文“that we'd run to the parking lot and 9 her up”，作者本以为可以赶上那位女士。故选D。
32．句意：但是那母子俩已经走了。A. grateful“感激的”；B. unwilling“不情愿的”；C. gone“不见了”；D. tired“累的”。but表示语意转折，作者本想找到那位女士，结果她却不见了。故选C。
33．句意：但是那位母亲和她的儿子都走了，我也就没有机会给他们送这些虽小但却必需的东西了。A. necessary“必要的”；B. expensive“昂贵的”；C. useless“无用的”；D. beautiful“美丽的”。作者想送给那位女士牛奶和奶酪，这些都是生活中的必需品。故选A。
34．句意：我为没有大声说出我想为她做什么而感到难过。A. lucky“幸运的”；B. frightened“害怕的”；C. terrible“可怕的，很糟的”；D. hopeless“没有希望的”。根据上文“with them went my opportunity…”可知，作者为没能帮到那位女士感到很遗憾。故选C。
35．句意：如果我把这件事告诉了她，我就不会错过做好事的机会了。A. had“有”；B. missed“错过”；C. welcomed“欢迎”；D. refused“拒绝”。作者认为如果早点告诉她，就不会错过这个机会，就能帮到她。故选B。
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nelson Mandela is a great man. The black people in South Africa are grateful to 36． (he) for what he did.
At one time black people were not treated equally. It was not easy for them to find a good job and many families were too poor to afford their children's 37． (educate). In 1952, Mandela set up a law office to help the poor black people 38． trouble. It was with his guidance that those 39． lost heart in life became 40． (hope) about their future. As 41． matter of fact, it was Mandela's dream to help black people get the same rights 42． white people. However, the government was so angry with him that he 43． (put) into prison for life on Robben Island for being one of the ANC leaders. He was released in 1990 and was voted President of South Africa in 1994. Now black people in his country live a much 44． (good) life than before.
Mandela devoted all his life to 45． (improve) the life of the black in South Africa.
【答案】36．him；37．education；38．in；39．who；40．hopeful；41．a；42．as；43．was put；44．better；45．improving
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了曼德拉一生致力于南非黑人的平等权利和提高黑人生活。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及代词，名词，介词，定语从句，形容词，冠词，连词，时态语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：南非的黑人因为他所做的事情很感激他。be grateful to someone for something固定短语，“因为什么感激某人”。设空处需用人称代词宾格形式作介词to的宾语。故填him。
37．句意：许多家庭太穷而负担不起孩子们的教育。根据空前“children's”孩子们的，名词所有格形式可知，设空处需用名词形式。故填education。
38．句意：曼德拉开办了一个律所来帮助有困难的贫穷黑人。in trouble固定短语，“有困难的，有麻烦的”，设空处需用名词形式作介词in的宾语。故填in。
39．句意：正是在他的引导下，那些对生活失去信心的人对未来充满希望。设空处需用定语从句关系代词引导限制性定语从句来修饰先行词those，先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
40．句意：那些对生活失去信心的人对未来充满希望。根据句意“对……充满希望”和前文became可知，设空处需用形容词作表语。故填hopeful。
41．句意：事实上，帮助黑人得到白人相同的权力是曼德拉的梦想。as a matter of fact固定短语，固定短语，“事实上”。故填a。
42．句意：事实上，帮助黑人得到白人相同的权力是曼德拉的梦想。the same...as... 固定句式，“同……相同的……”，设空处需用连词as。故填as。
43．句意：政府对他如此生气以至于他被放到监狱。设空处在结果状语从句中作谓语动词，put与从句主语he之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，再根据前面的was可知谓语需用一般过去时。故填was put。
44．句意：现在，他国家的黑人过着比以前好得多的生活。根据后面的than可知，设空处需用所给形容词的比较级形式。故填better。
45．句意：曼德拉一生致力于提高南非黑人的生活。devote ...to doing sth.固定短语，“致力于做某事”，此处动名词作介词to的宾语。故填improving。
五、单词拼写，用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
46．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）The problem is too (复杂的) for him to understand.
【答案】complex
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这个问题太复杂了，他无法理解。“ 复杂的 ”运用 complex ，形容词，此处作表语，故填 complex 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
47．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）When painting, imagine that you are painting a beautiful (杰作).
【答案】masterpiece
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：绘画时，想象你正在画一幅美丽的杰作。“ 杰作 ”应用 masterpiece ，名词，此处作宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 masterpiece 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
48．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）Eventually, to his joy he (说服) his father to give up smoking.
【答案】persuaded
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：最终，令他高兴的是，他说服了父亲戒烟。“ 说服 ”应用 persuade ，此处作谓语动词，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填 persuaded。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
49．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）Word came that the young man referred to by the boss would be in (管理) of this factory.
【答案】charge
【知识点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：消息传来，老板提到的那个年轻人将负责这家工厂。“ 管理 ”应用charge，不可数名词，in charge of ，固定短语，“负责”，故填 charge 。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语in charge of。
50．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）I don't want to get (参与)in the quarrel between Tom and Jack.
【答案】involved
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我不想卷入汤姆和杰克之间的争吵。“ 参与 ”应用 involved ，形容词，get involved in，固定短语，“参与”，故填 involved 。
【点评】考查形容词，以及固定短语get involved in。
51．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）A number of small companies have to fight for (生存).
【答案】survival
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些小公司不得不为生存而战。“ 生存 ”应用 survival ，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 survival 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
52．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）According to the (官方的) figures, over one thousand people died in the desert.
【答案】official
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：根据官方数据，一千多人在沙漠中丧生。“ 官方的 ”应用 official ，形容词，此处修饰名词 figures ，作定语，故填 official 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
53．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）If you want to succeed, you'd better make (安排) for the future.
【答案】arrangements
【知识点】固定短语；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：要想成功，最好为未来做好安排 。“ 安排 ”应用 arrangement ，可数名词，make arrangements for，固定短语，“为......做安排”，故填 arrangements。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语make arrangements for。
54．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）His first book to be (出版) next month is based on a true story.
【答案】published
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他将于下个月出版的第一本书是根据一个真实的故事改编的。“ 出版 ”应用 publish，动词，根据句意和空前的be，可知此处是不定式的被动式作定语，故填 published 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式的被动式作定语。
55．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more (有效地).
【答案】effectively
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：掌握技术，让我们更有效地使用互联网成为可能。“ 有效地 ”应用 effectively ，副词，此处应用比较级修饰动词use，故填 effectively 。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰动词。
六、写作（共两节，满分40分）
56．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）假定你是李华，你受学生会委托为学校宣传栏"英语天地"写一份倡议书，标题为"Plant Trees to Save
the Earth"。
内容包括：
1）植树的好处；
2）动员大家多植树。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Plant Trees to Save the Earth
Dear fellow students,
……
The Student Union
【答案】Plant Trees to Save the Earth
Dear fellow students,
There is no doubt that trees can benefit us in many ways. Firstly, they reduce pollution and offer us clean air. Secondly, they help deal with the climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide, which can lead to global warming. Thirdly, trees help us prevent sandstorms, fight floods, and protect soil from being washed away.
Dear fellow students, the more trees we plant, the better the environment will be. It's time for us to plant some trees to make our city greener. Let's plant as many trees as possible and make our world a better place to live in.
The Student Union
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份， 受学生会委托为学校宣传栏"英语天地"写一份倡议书，标题为"Plant Trees to Save the Earth"。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）植树的好处；2）动员大家多植树。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：There is no doubt that trees can benefit us in many ways.运用了同位语从句；Secondly, they help deal with the climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide, which can lead to global warming. 运用了非限制性定语从句，Dear fellow students, the more trees we plant, the better the environment will be. 运用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”固定句式； Let's plant as many trees as possible and make our world a better place to live in.运用了祈使句。
57．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A funny
thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. As he walked
along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of
someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldn't get the
car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who
looked worried. Arthur stopped and asked, "It looks like you've got a
problem," Arthur said.
"I'm
afraid so. I'm in a big hurry and I can't start my car."
"Is
there something I can do to help " Arthur asked. The young man looked at
the two suitcases in the back seat and then said, "Thanks. If
you're sure it wouldn't be too much trouble, you could help me get these
suitcases into a taxi."
"No
trouble at all. I'd be glad to help."
The young
man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it
on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the
first suitcase and started walking, he heard the loud noise of an alarm.
It was
from the bank. There had been a robbery!
Park
Avenue had been quiet a moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of
the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars
stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked
each other, "What happened " But everyone had a different answer.
Arthur,
still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into
the young woman in front of him.
She looked
at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised. "Why is she looking
at me like that " He thought." The suitcase! She thinks I'm the
bank thief!"
Arthur
looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another
thought, he started to run.
注意：1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As he was
running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, "Stop, stop!"
The taxi stopped in
front of the Police Station and Arthur
【答案】 As he was running. Arthur heard the young man shouting behind," Stop, stop!" Arthur immediately realized that the young man was the bank robber. So Arthur didn't stop, but continued to run until he saw and caught a taxi in front of him. He quickly put the suitcase in the car and said to the driver," Please hurry to the Police Station. I have a case lo report to the police. The man shouting behind is the bank thief!" The taxi raced away to the Police Station like an arrow.
The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur said to the police who had been waiting and who had already received the robbery report, this suitcase is that of the bank robber. It may be filed with the money stolen from the bank, I hand it to you. Please get ready to arrest the man."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Arthur在上班的路上遇到了一个年轻人，以为他遇到了困难，正在帮助他时，听到警报声，知道有人抢劫银行，通过判定后得知他帮助的那个年轻人就是抢劫犯，于是Arthur去警察局报案，让警察逮捕那个人。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Arthur一边跑，一边听到那个年轻人在身后大喊：‘停下，停下!'”可知，第一段可描写Arthur判定出那个年轻人就是抢劫犯， 然后写一下他准备去警察局报案的过程。②由第二段首句内容“出租车停在了警察局前”可知，第二段可描写Arthur向警察报了案，让警察去逮捕那个人。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Arthur immediately realized that the young man was the bank robber.运用了宾语从句； So Arthur didn't stop, but continued to run until he saw and caught a taxi in front of him. 运用了时间状语从句； Please hurry to the Police Station. 运用了祈使句；The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur said to the police who had been waiting and who had already received the robbery report, this suitcase is that of the bank robber.运用了限制性定语从句； Please get ready to arrest the man.运用了祈使句。
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甘肃省张掖市2022-2023学年高二上学期8月开校检测英语试题
一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
The Charming City—Madrid
History
This city of over 3 million people is proud of Western Europe's largest royal palace, and some consider it to be Madrid's most beautiful building. Inside the palace, 3418 rooms are decorated in glory with museum-quality furniture and artworks. Tourists can tour 50 of these large and splendid rooms.
Art
The internationally respected Prado Museum is the largest and most impressive art gallery in Spain. Opened in 1819, it is filled with works of art that feature the world's most comprehensive collection of Spanish paintings.
Shopping
Madrid has some of Europe's best shopping malls, and potential buyers love to look through the stores, looking for bargains. But for 500 years, shoppers have gathered to an extremely large outdoor flea market, known as EI Rastro where they find everything from antiques(古玩)to CDs.
Entertainment
No trip to Madrid is complete without seeing a performance of Spain's famous art form, flamenco. Every day, flamenco performers sing, dance or play the guitar in small cafes and grand theaters alike.
Food
Madrid has a wide variety of restaurants, but because the Spanish typically eat late at about 9 or 10 p.m., it's difficult to find good dinner food earlier, If you get hungry before then, the best solution is to try a tapas bar where light snacks are served. Be sure to try the jam on, a kind of dry-cured ham. Spain is famous for it.
1．What do we know about the Royal Palace in Madrid
A．It can hold 3418 people.
B．It has 50 rooms for a visit.
C．It is thought to be the largest in Europe.
D．It's been visited by 3 million people.
2．What kind of market is EI Rastro
A．A discount store. B．An artwork store.
C．To sell various goods. D．To sell only antiques and CDs.
3．What is a must when traveling in Madrid
A．Enjoying flamenco. B．Having dinner earlier.
C．Visiting Prado Museum. D．Drinking in a tapas bar.
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
A little boy almost thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because of poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症). He seldom played with his classmates; and when the teacher asked him to answer questions, he always lowered his head without a word.
One spring, the boy's father asked for some saplings (树苗) from the neighbor, He told his children to plant a sapling each person. The father said, "Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift." The boy also wanted to get his father's gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, anyhow, he hit upon an idea: The tree he planted would die soon. So after watering it once or twice, he never attended to it.
A few days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was surprised to find it not only didn't bend towards the ground, but also grew some fresh leaves, and compared with the trees of his brothers and sisters', his appeared greener and more vital. His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him he would become an outstanding botanist when he grew up.
Since then, the little boy slowly became optimistic. One day, the little boy lay on the bed but couldn't sleep. Looking at the bright moonlight outside the window, he suddenly recalled what the biology teacher once said, plants generally grow at night. Why not go to see the tree When he came to the courtyard on tiptoe, he found his father was splashing something under his tree with a ladle. He returned to his room, tears running down his face.
Decades passed. The little boy didn't become a botanist, but he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
4．Why did the boy fail to answer the teacher's questions
A．He couldn't concentrate on the class.
B．Other students looked down on him.
C．He was an unfortunate boy with learning disability.
D．He lacked confidence because of his illness.
5．How did the boy feel after seeing what his brothers and sisters did
A．Delighted. B．Discouraged. C．Inspired. D．Exhausted.
6．Why did the father ask the children to plant trees
A．He wanted to encourage the disabled boy.
B．He expected them to be botanists.
C．The neighbor required him to do it.
D．The children asked for their favorite gifts.
7．Which can best describe the father
A．Devoted and lovely. B．Diligent and talented.
C．Wise and encouraging. D．Clever and easygoing.
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
Many
studies have shown the learning-by-teaching effect. Students who spend time
teaching what they've learned show better understanding and ability to remember
knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying. But why
does teaching help
Researchers
did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning
because it forces the teacher to find back what they've learned. They asked 124
students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is
completely new to them. They told the students they could take notes while
studying, but would teach the material afterwards without notes. After studying
the text, the students were divided into four groups. In one group the students
spent five minutes giving a lesson on the study material without notes. The
other groups either spent the same time completing arithmetic (算术) problems, teaching with a script (讲稿) or
writing down all they could remember from the text—a form of recalling
practice. A week later, all the students took a surprise test of their
knowledge and understanding of the text.
The
important finding is that the teaching-without-notes group and the
recalling-practice group performed better than the group that completed
arithmetic problems and the group that taught with a script.
The
researchers said the result shows that the benefits of the learning-by-teaching
method are caused by recalling practice; that is, the learning-by-teaching
method works only when the teaching includes recalling the taught materials.
The
new findings have a practical suggestion for how the learning-by-teaching
method is used in education. In order to make sure that students learn and
remember an educational material, they should internalize (内化) the material before presenting it to others, rather than depend on
notes during the presentation process.
8．Why does the author give a question in Paragraph 1
A．To look for readers' answer. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To keep a sense of mystery. D．To show off his knowledge.
9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Why the study started.
B．How the study was done.
C．How many people joined in the study.
D．What conclusion the researchers made.
10．What should be stressed in school education according to the author
A．Previewing-by-teaching. B．Note-taking.
C．Learning-by-teaching. D．Mind-mapping.
11．Where is the text probably from
A．A history textbook. B．A newspaper.
C．A guideline. D．A detective novel.
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读理解
After
bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started
eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.
Unlike
common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the
same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a
person to use, often set up near living communities.
Every
four-square-meter room is equipped with a treadmill(跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television
and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains for privacy. When
exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by
connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. There's no
shower or washbasin.
Similar to
using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone
application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A
refundable deposit(保证金)of 99
yuan is required，and users are charged I yuan every 5 minutes.
The shared
gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in
July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already
raised over 100 million yuan, Yicai Global reports. The idea of the shared
fitness experience is not entirely nascent. Last December, the
Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and
apartment buildings.
The
sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global,
confident investors are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the
State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value
of China's sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years,
and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country's GDP.
12．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one
A．Offering open spaces. B．Standing in the living zone.
C．Holding one person at a time. D．Having some advanced equipment
13．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room
A．Use a smartphone. B．Pay 100 yuan first.
C．Let down curtains for privacy. D．Have a shower before exercise.
14．What does the underlined word "nascent" in paragraph 5 mean
A．Simple. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．New.
15．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To introduce shared gym rooms.
B．To advertise a techno logy company.
C．To support the shared gym rooms.
D．To predict the future of shared gym rooms.
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Enjoy Spring
As winter is past and the days start warming and brightening, it's possible to start feeling your mood improved and you re less weighed down by the cold days of winter. 16． And indeed it is the time to renew your goals, refresh your home, and unearth your garden. As the ever growing days invite you to spend more time outside, you'll easily find many ways to keep you outside of the house enjoying the fresh spring days.
Make a plan at the start of spring. 17． Whether it's gardening, spring cleaning, learning something new, having a makeover, organizing renovations (翻新), or another activity suited to a season of renewal, planning for it will help you to make the most of the spring months.
18． This is a good time to sit back and assess the strengths and weaknesses of your current living space and to reach a decision about whether or not it could be improved through a change in decoration styles or additions through decorations.
Spring clean. This age-old tradition of clearing away the dust of winter will give your house a fresh beginning for the warmer months ahead and make the house and surrounds more inviting and enjoyable for you and your family and friends. 19．
Take time to notice the changes around you. Listen to the birds sing and watch the plant life around you emerge (显露), shoot up, and finally start to blossom (开花). 20． Set yourself a goal of little change until suddenly it seems as if a big one to you.
A. Make a decision about the move.
B. Consider redecoration or renovation.
C. Spring is the time of enjoying something fresh.
D. Spring is a great time to do complete cleaning.
E. The beginning of spring is the best time to plan.
F. The world around you is starting fresh and so can you.
G. Spring is the perfect time to set the pace for the warmth
三、完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。
A couple of days ago, my 9 year old son and I were shopping at a
grocery store (食品杂货店). At the
checkout, a mother was trying to understand her bill. She didn't have enough 21． for her milk and cheese. The manager 22． the items (商品) from
her cart and carried them away to the fridge section.
There had been 23． when I myself didn't have money to buy
groceries my family needed, but today was 24． .
It was payday so there we stood in line with our groceries.
I whispered to my son and told him to run and get the 25． back with the items. He was confused. He
didn't understand me. I was trying to do an act of kindness, but it went 26． .
The lady left with her son and 27． groceries than she had planned. I told the
checkout guy to 28． me
for her milk and cheese and that we'd run to the parking lot and 29． her up. He said "You'd do that " and
I said "Yes, I want to make sure they have what they 30． ."
He quickly called the manager back. I paid for my items and hers
and my son and I ran to the parking lot where we 31． we would find the lady. But
the mom and her son were 32． and with them went my opportunity to gift
these small but 33． items.
I felt 34． for not speaking up and telling her what I wanted
to do for her. If I had told her about it, I wouldn't have 35． the chance of doing a good
deed. Perhaps because of this our future acts will be delivered with speed, as
it is intended and necessary for love and kindness.
21．A．space B．money C．patience D．help
22．A．counted B．added C．removed D．replaced
23．A．times B．reasons C．ways D．stores
24．A．free B．different C．common D．familiar
25．A．fridge B．mother C．partner D．manager
26．A．wrong B．bad C．crazy D．hungry
27．A．cheaper B．heavier C．fewer D．larger
28．A．reward B．search C．pay D．charge
29．A．pick B．catch C．cheer D．give
30．A．need B．buy C．order D．lose
31．A．proved B．doubted C．remembered D．thought
32．A．grateful B．unwilling C．gone D．tired
33．A．necessary B．expensive C．useless D．beautiful
34．A．lucky B．frightened C．terrible D．hopeless
35．A．had B．missed C．welcomed D．refused
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nelson Mandela is a great man. The black people in South Africa are grateful to 36． (he) for what he did.
At one time black people were not treated equally. It was not easy for them to find a good job and many families were too poor to afford their children's 37． (educate). In 1952, Mandela set up a law office to help the poor black people 38． trouble. It was with his guidance that those 39． lost heart in life became 40． (hope) about their future. As 41． matter of fact, it was Mandela's dream to help black people get the same rights 42． white people. However, the government was so angry with him that he 43． (put) into prison for life on Robben Island for being one of the ANC leaders. He was released in 1990 and was voted President of South Africa in 1994. Now black people in his country live a much 44． (good) life than before.
Mandela devoted all his life to 45． (improve) the life of the black in South Africa.
五、单词拼写，用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
46．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）The problem is too (复杂的) for him to understand.
47．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）When painting, imagine that you are painting a beautiful (杰作).
48．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）Eventually, to his joy he (说服) his father to give up smoking.
49．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）Word came that the young man referred to by the boss would be in (管理) of this factory.
50．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）I don't want to get (参与)in the quarrel between Tom and Jack.
51．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）A number of small companies have to fight for (生存).
52．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）According to the (官方的) figures, over one thousand people died in the desert.
53．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）If you want to succeed, you'd better make (安排) for the future.
54．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）His first book to be (出版) next month is based on a true story.
55．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more (有效地).
六、写作（共两节，满分40分）
56．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）假定你是李华，你受学生会委托为学校宣传栏"英语天地"写一份倡议书，标题为"Plant Trees to Save
the Earth"。
内容包括：
1）植树的好处；
2）动员大家多植树。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Plant Trees to Save the Earth
Dear fellow students,
……
The Student Union
57．（2022高二上·张掖开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A funny
thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. As he walked
along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of
someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldn't get the
car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who
looked worried. Arthur stopped and asked, "It looks like you've got a
problem," Arthur said.
"I'm
afraid so. I'm in a big hurry and I can't start my car."
"Is
there something I can do to help " Arthur asked. The young man looked at
the two suitcases in the back seat and then said, "Thanks. If
you're sure it wouldn't be too much trouble, you could help me get these
suitcases into a taxi."
"No
trouble at all. I'd be glad to help."
The young
man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it
on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the
first suitcase and started walking, he heard the loud noise of an alarm.
It was
from the bank. There had been a robbery!
Park
Avenue had been quiet a moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of
the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars
stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked
each other, "What happened " But everyone had a different answer.
Arthur,
still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into
the young woman in front of him.
She looked
at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised. "Why is she looking
at me like that " He thought." The suitcase! She thinks I'm the
bank thief!"
Arthur
looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another
thought, he started to run.
注意：1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As he was
running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, "Stop, stop!"
The taxi stopped in
front of the Police Station and Arthur
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，通过历史、艺术、购物、娱乐以及美食等五个方面来介绍马德里这个充满魅力的城市。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 History 部分中的“This city of over 3 million people is proud of Western Europe's largest royal palace, and some consider it to be Madrid's most beautiful building. Inside the palace, 3418 rooms are decorated in glory with museum-quality furniture and artworks. Tourists can tour 50 of these large and splendid rooms.”这座拥有300多万人口的城市以拥有西欧最大的皇家宫殿而自豪，有人认为它是马德里最美丽的建筑。在宫殿内，3418个房间用博物馆级的家具和艺术品装饰得光彩夺目。游客可以参观其中50间宽敞华丽的房间。可知，马德里的皇家宫殿是西欧最大的宫殿，而不是欧洲最大的，它拥有3418个房间，而其中的50个房间是可以给游客参观的。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Shopping 部分中的“But for 500 years, shoppers have gathered to an extremely large outdoor flea market, known as EI Rastro where they find everything from antiques(古玩)to CDs.”但500年来，购物者聚集在一个非常大的户外跳蚤市场，被称为EI Rastro，在那里他们可以找到从古玩到CD的所有东西。可知，EI Rastro是一个很大的跳蚤市场，游客可以在这里买到任何他们想要的东西，故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据 Entertainment 部分中的“No trip to Madrid is complete without seeing a performance of Spain's famous art form, flamenco.”如果没有看过西班牙著名艺术形式弗拉门戈表演，马德里之行就不完整。可知，来马德里旅行一定要去看看弗拉门戈这种艺术形式的表演，不然就白来马德里了。故选A。
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国总统罗斯福小时候的故事。他的爸爸通过种树这件事，用爱帮助他重拾信心，最后成就了罗斯福伟大事业的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段“A little boy almost thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because of poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症). He seldom played with his classmates; and when the teacher asked him to answer questions, he always lowered his head without a word.”一个小男孩几乎认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子，因为他得了小儿麻痹症。他很少和同学玩耍，当老师让他回答问题时，他总是低着头一言不发。可知，这个男孩因为生病，对自己缺乏信心，在回答问题的时候总是一言不发。故选D。
5．考查推理理解。根据第二段中的“But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, anyhow, he hit upon an idea: The tree he planted would die soon. ”但是，看到兄弟姐妹们兴高采烈地挑水来浇树，他突然有了一个想法：他种的树很快就要死了。可知，当男孩看到兄弟姐妹们兴高采烈浇水的时候，认为自己的树要死了，所以他是沮丧的。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The father said, ‘Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift.'”父亲说：“谁的幼苗长得最好，我就给谁买一份最喜欢的礼物。”可知，男孩父亲让孩子们种树的想法是想鼓励这个残疾男孩。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The father said, ‘Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift.'”父亲说：“谁的幼苗长得最好，我就给谁买一份最喜欢的礼物。”可知，男孩父亲让孩子们种树的想法是想鼓励这个残疾男孩。由此可知，这位父亲是睿智的；以及第三段中的“His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him he would become an outstanding botanist when he grew up.”他的父亲遵守了他的诺言，给小男孩买了他最喜欢的礼物，并对他说，他长大后会成为一名杰出的植物学家。可知，父亲鼓励男孩，说男孩会成为杰出的植物学家。可推断，这位父亲是睿智的和激励人的。故选C。
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．C
11．B
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意题；教育文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项重要的研究，研究发现在学习中，学生在教学中学习更有助于提高学生的学习效率。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Students who spend time teaching what they've learned show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying. ”花时间教授所学知识的学生比只花同样时间重新学习的学生表现出更好的理解和记忆知识的能力；以及第二段中的“Researchers did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to find back what they've learned.”研究人员进行了一项研究，以验证他们的观点，即教学提高了教师的学习，因为它迫使教师找回他们所学的东西。可知，本篇文章主要讲述在教学中学习更能提高学生的学习效果。可推断，第一段提出问题的原因在于进一步介绍本篇文章的主题。故选B。
9．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“They asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them. ”他们让124名学生花十分钟学习一篇关于一个对他们来说完全陌生的主题的带有数字的课文；“After studying the text, the students were divided into four groups.”在学习课文后，学生们被分为四组；以及“A week later, all the students took a surprise test of their knowledge and understanding of the text.”一周后，所有的学生都对他们的知识和对课文的理解进行了一次意外的测试。可知，第二段主要介绍实验的过程，也就是这个实验是怎么做的。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“The new findings have a practical suggestion for how the learning-by-teaching method is used in education. In order to make sure that students learn and remember an educational material, they should internalize (内化) the material before presenting it to others, rather than depend on notes during the presentation process.”这些新发现为教学中学习在教育中的应用提供了切实可行的建议。为了确保学生学习和记忆教育材料，他们应该在向他人展示之前将材料内化，而不是在展示过程中依赖笔记。可知，作者认为在教学中学习有利于教育实践，学生应该在教学中学习。由此可推知，在学校教育中，应该强调的是在教学中学习。故选C。
11．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了一项重要的研究，研究发现在学习中，学生在教学中学习更有助于提高学生的学习效率。所以此文章最有可能出自报纸。故选B。
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．D
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在自行车和雨伞在中国被共享之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，因此共享健身房开始在北京的街道上出现。作者介绍了共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程，这一项目也体现了共享经济在中国仍然很流行。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Unlike regular gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.”不像一般的健身房会为许多会员提供宽敞的开放空间，新建的共享健身房是供人使用的独立小房间，通常建在居住社区附近。可知，共享健身房和普通健身房的不同之处在于，共享健身房每次只容纳一个人。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit(保证金)of 99 yuan is required，and users are charged I yuan every 5 minutes.”可知与共享单车类似，用户可以通过智能手机应用程序定位共享健身房，提前预订房间，然后需要扫描二维码才能使用。用户需缴纳99元可退还的押金，每5分钟收费1元。可知，想要使用共享健身房的用户需要一部智能手机。故选B。
14．考查词义猜测。根据第5段中的“Last December, the Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.”去年12月，总部位于上海的科技公司VRUN在办公楼和公寓楼里设立了共享跑步机。可知，共享健身体验的想法并不完全是新事物。即划线单词意思为“新的”。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据第一段“After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.”在自行车和雨伞在中国被共享之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，因此共享健身房开始在北京的街道上出现。结合文章主要介绍了共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程，这一项目也体现了共享经济在中国仍然很流行。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍共享健身房。故选A。
【答案】16．C；17．E；18．B；19．D；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，为如何享受春天提出了几点建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“As winter is past and the days start warming and brightening, it s possible to start feeling your mood improved and you re less weighed down by the cold days of winter.”随着冬天的过去，白天开始变暖，变亮，你有可能开始感觉你的情绪得到改善，你不再被寒冷的冬天拖累。可知，从冬天到春天一切都在变好，C. Spring is the time of enjoying something fresh. “春天是享受新鲜事物的时候。”告诉我们，春天一切变好，我们也要开始享受春天。故选C。
17．根据空前“Make a plan at the start of spring.”在春天开始时制定一个计划。可知，本段主要讲制定计划。E. The beginning of spring is the best time to plan.“ 春天的开始是制定计划的最佳时机。”与主题句有相同的关键词“plan”，也是对主题句的进一步解释。故选E。
18．根据空后“This is a good time to sit back and assess the strengths and weaknesses of your current living space and to reach a decision about whether or not it could be improved through a change in decoration styles or additions through decorations ”这是一个很好的可以坐下来评估你目前的生活空间的优缺点的时候，并决定是否可以通过改变装饰风格或通过装饰的添加来改善它。可知，本段主要讲的是考虑重新装修或翻新生活空间，B. Consider redecoration or renovation.“ 请考虑重新装修或翻新。”符合题意。 故选B。
19．根据空前“Spring clean.”春天大扫除。D. Spring is a great time to do complete cleaning.“春天是做彻底大扫除的好时机。”正好对本段所讲的春天大扫除的内容做了一个总结。故选D。
20．根据空后“Set yourself a goal of little change until suddenly it seems as if a big one to you.” 为自己设定了一个小的改变目标，直到突然在你看来是一个大的改变。”提出如何改变自己的具体方法，F. The world around you is starting fresh and so can you.“你周围的世界正在开始变得新鲜，你也可以。”让你从周围的改变中注意到你自己也是可以改变的，符合语境。 故选F。
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．D；26．A；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．D；32．C；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在杂货店购物的时候，本来想帮助一位没钱付款的女士；但是等他买到那位女士需要的东西追出去的时候，女士已经离开了。作者为失去这次帮助人的机会感到很遗憾。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：她没有足够的钱买牛奶和奶酪。A. space“空间”；B. money“钱”；C. patience“耐心”；D. help“帮助”。根据下文“The manager 2 the items (商品) from her cart and carried them away to the fridge section.”，经理把她的东西拿走，放回到冷冻区，可知那位女士没有足够的钱付款。故选B。
22．句意：经理把她的东西从购物车中拿走，放回到冷冻区。A. counted“数”；B. added“加上”； C. removed“移除”；D. replaced “代替，取代”。根据上文可知，由于那位女士没有足够的钱付账，经理把她的东西拿走，放回到冷冻区。remove …from...，固定短语，“把……从……中拿走，搬走”。故选C。
23．句意：曾经有一段时期，我自己也没钱买家里需要的日用品。A. times“时期”；B. reasons“原因”；C. ways“方法”；D. stores“商店”。此处 There had been times… 和下一句的 today 对比。故选A。
24．句意：但今天不一样。A. free“免费的”；B. different“不同的”；C. common“常见的”；D. familiar“熟悉的”。根据下文“It was payday”可知，今天作者有足够的钱买日用品，这与以前的情况不同。故选B。
25．句意：我低声对儿子说，让他跑去让经理把那些东西拿回来。A. fridge“冰箱”；B. mother“妈妈”；C. partner“同伴”；D. manager“经理”。根据上文“The manager 2 the items (商品) from her cart and carried them away to the fridge section”，是经理把那位女士买的东西拿走了，现在作者让儿子去找经理，让他把东西拿回来。故选D。
26．句意：我本想做一件善意的事，A. wrong“错的”；B. bad“坏的”；C. crazy“疯的，疯狂的”；D. hungry“饿的”。根据上文“He was confused. He didn't understand me.”可知， 因为儿子不明白作者的意思，结果就出了差错。go wrong固定短语 “弄错，出问题”，故选A。
27．句意：那位女士带着儿子离开了，买的东西比她计划的要少。A. cheaper“更便宜的”；B. heavier“更重的”；C. fewer“更少的”；D. larger“更大的”。根据上文“She didn't have enough 1 for her milk and cheese.” 可知那位女士最终没有买牛奶和奶酪，比计划买的东西少。故选C。
28．句意：我告诉收款台的工作人员向我收取她的牛奶和奶酪的费用。A. reward“奖励，回报”； B. search“寻找”；C. pay“付费”；D. charge“收费”。根据上文，我想做一件好事——帮那位女士付钱，因此作者诉收款台的工作人员向自己收取她的牛奶和奶酪的钱，charge sb. for…固定短语，“因……向某人收费”。故选D。
29．句意：我们会跑到停车场去追上她。A. pick “摘”；B. catch “抓”；C. cheer “振作”；D. give “给”。根据上文“The lady left with her son”，那位女士已经带着儿子离开了，作者想去追上她，把牛奶和奶酪给她。catch up固定短语，“跟上，赶上”，故选B。
30．句意：我说，“是的，我想确保他们有需要的东西。”A. need“需要”；B. buy“购买”；C. order“预订”；D. lose“失去”。作者想帮助她购买这些必要的日常生活用品。 故选A。
31．句意：我付了我的商品的钱，也付了她的，然后我和儿子跑到停车场，以为能在那里找到那位女士。A. proved“证明”；B. doubted“怀疑”；C. remembered“记得”；D. thought“认为”。根据上文“that we'd run to the parking lot and 9 her up”，作者本以为可以赶上那位女士。故选D。
32．句意：但是那母子俩已经走了。A. grateful“感激的”；B. unwilling“不情愿的”；C. gone“不见了”；D. tired“累的”。but表示语意转折，作者本想找到那位女士，结果她却不见了。故选C。
33．句意：但是那位母亲和她的儿子都走了，我也就没有机会给他们送这些虽小但却必需的东西了。A. necessary“必要的”；B. expensive“昂贵的”；C. useless“无用的”；D. beautiful“美丽的”。作者想送给那位女士牛奶和奶酪，这些都是生活中的必需品。故选A。
34．句意：我为没有大声说出我想为她做什么而感到难过。A. lucky“幸运的”；B. frightened“害怕的”；C. terrible“可怕的，很糟的”；D. hopeless“没有希望的”。根据上文“with them went my opportunity…”可知，作者为没能帮到那位女士感到很遗憾。故选C。
35．句意：如果我把这件事告诉了她，我就不会错过做好事的机会了。A. had“有”；B. missed“错过”；C. welcomed“欢迎”；D. refused“拒绝”。作者认为如果早点告诉她，就不会错过这个机会，就能帮到她。故选B。
【答案】36．him；37．education；38．in；39．who；40．hopeful；41．a；42．as；43．was put；44．better；45．improving
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了曼德拉一生致力于南非黑人的平等权利和提高黑人生活。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及代词，名词，介词，定语从句，形容词，冠词，连词，时态语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：南非的黑人因为他所做的事情很感激他。be grateful to someone for something固定短语，“因为什么感激某人”。设空处需用人称代词宾格形式作介词to的宾语。故填him。
37．句意：许多家庭太穷而负担不起孩子们的教育。根据空前“children's”孩子们的，名词所有格形式可知，设空处需用名词形式。故填education。
38．句意：曼德拉开办了一个律所来帮助有困难的贫穷黑人。in trouble固定短语，“有困难的，有麻烦的”，设空处需用名词形式作介词in的宾语。故填in。
39．句意：正是在他的引导下，那些对生活失去信心的人对未来充满希望。设空处需用定语从句关系代词引导限制性定语从句来修饰先行词those，先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
40．句意：那些对生活失去信心的人对未来充满希望。根据句意“对……充满希望”和前文became可知，设空处需用形容词作表语。故填hopeful。
41．句意：事实上，帮助黑人得到白人相同的权力是曼德拉的梦想。as a matter of fact固定短语，固定短语，“事实上”。故填a。
42．句意：事实上，帮助黑人得到白人相同的权力是曼德拉的梦想。the same...as... 固定句式，“同……相同的……”，设空处需用连词as。故填as。
43．句意：政府对他如此生气以至于他被放到监狱。设空处在结果状语从句中作谓语动词，put与从句主语he之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，再根据前面的was可知谓语需用一般过去时。故填was put。
44．句意：现在，他国家的黑人过着比以前好得多的生活。根据后面的than可知，设空处需用所给形容词的比较级形式。故填better。
45．句意：曼德拉一生致力于提高南非黑人的生活。devote ...to doing sth.固定短语，“致力于做某事”，此处动名词作介词to的宾语。故填improving。
46．【答案】complex
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这个问题太复杂了，他无法理解。“ 复杂的 ”运用 complex ，形容词，此处作表语，故填 complex 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
47．【答案】masterpiece
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：绘画时，想象你正在画一幅美丽的杰作。“ 杰作 ”应用 masterpiece ，名词，此处作宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 masterpiece 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
48．【答案】persuaded
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：最终，令他高兴的是，他说服了父亲戒烟。“ 说服 ”应用 persuade ，此处作谓语动词，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填 persuaded。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
49．【答案】charge
【知识点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：消息传来，老板提到的那个年轻人将负责这家工厂。“ 管理 ”应用charge，不可数名词，in charge of ，固定短语，“负责”，故填 charge 。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语in charge of。
50．【答案】involved
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我不想卷入汤姆和杰克之间的争吵。“ 参与 ”应用 involved ，形容词，get involved in，固定短语，“参与”，故填 involved 。
【点评】考查形容词，以及固定短语get involved in。
51．【答案】survival
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些小公司不得不为生存而战。“ 生存 ”应用 survival ，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 survival 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
52．【答案】official
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：根据官方数据，一千多人在沙漠中丧生。“ 官方的 ”应用 official ，形容词，此处修饰名词 figures ，作定语，故填 official 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
53．【答案】arrangements
【知识点】固定短语；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：要想成功，最好为未来做好安排 。“ 安排 ”应用 arrangement ，可数名词，make arrangements for，固定短语，“为......做安排”，故填 arrangements。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语make arrangements for。
54．【答案】published
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他将于下个月出版的第一本书是根据一个真实的故事改编的。“ 出版 ”应用 publish，动词，根据句意和空前的be，可知此处是不定式的被动式作定语，故填 published 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式的被动式作定语。
55．【答案】effectively
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：掌握技术，让我们更有效地使用互联网成为可能。“ 有效地 ”应用 effectively ，副词，此处应用比较级修饰动词use，故填 effectively 。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰动词。
56．【答案】Plant Trees to Save the Earth
Dear fellow students,
There is no doubt that trees can benefit us in many ways. Firstly, they reduce pollution and offer us clean air. Secondly, they help deal with the climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide, which can lead to global warming. Thirdly, trees help us prevent sandstorms, fight floods, and protect soil from being washed away.
Dear fellow students, the more trees we plant, the better the environment will be. It's time for us to plant some trees to make our city greener. Let's plant as many trees as possible and make our world a better place to live in.
The Student Union
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份， 受学生会委托为学校宣传栏"英语天地"写一份倡议书，标题为"Plant Trees to Save the Earth"。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）植树的好处；2）动员大家多植树。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：There is no doubt that trees can benefit us in many ways.运用了同位语从句；Secondly, they help deal with the climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide, which can lead to global warming. 运用了非限制性定语从句，Dear fellow students, the more trees we plant, the better the environment will be. 运用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”固定句式； Let's plant as many trees as possible and make our world a better place to live in.运用了祈使句。
57．【答案】 As he was running. Arthur heard the young man shouting behind," Stop, stop!" Arthur immediately realized that the young man was the bank robber. So Arthur didn't stop, but continued to run until he saw and caught a taxi in front of him. He quickly put the suitcase in the car and said to the driver," Please hurry to the Police Station. I have a case lo report to the police. The man shouting behind is the bank thief!" The taxi raced away to the Police Station like an arrow.
The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur said to the police who had been waiting and who had already received the robbery report, this suitcase is that of the bank robber. It may be filed with the money stolen from the bank, I hand it to you. Please get ready to arrest the man."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Arthur在上班的路上遇到了一个年轻人，以为他遇到了困难，正在帮助他时，听到警报声，知道有人抢劫银行，通过判定后得知他帮助的那个年轻人就是抢劫犯，于是Arthur去警察局报案，让警察逮捕那个人。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Arthur一边跑，一边听到那个年轻人在身后大喊：‘停下，停下!'”可知，第一段可描写Arthur判定出那个年轻人就是抢劫犯， 然后写一下他准备去警察局报案的过程。②由第二段首句内容“出租车停在了警察局前”可知，第二段可描写Arthur向警察报了案，让警察去逮捕那个人。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Arthur immediately realized that the young man was the bank robber.运用了宾语从句； So Arthur didn't stop, but continued to run until he saw and caught a taxi in front of him. 运用了时间状语从句； Please hurry to the Police Station. 运用了祈使句；The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur said to the police who had been waiting and who had already received the robbery report, this suitcase is that of the bank robber.运用了限制性定语从句； Please get ready to arrest the man.运用了祈使句。
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