(新课标) Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are Section B 2a-2e 语言点精讲精练（含答案）

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Unit3SectionB2a-2d语言点精讲精练
I．语言点精讲
1. When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help politely.
当你在国外游览时，知道如何礼貌求助很重要。
It might seem more difficult to speak politely than directly.
句子真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to know how to ask for help politely. it是形式主语，代替真正主语放句首，避免使句子头重脚轻。构成常见句式：It is + adj. (for sb. ) to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是怎样的。
it 形式主语，无意义，放在句首避免头重脚轻；真主语：to speak politely than directly
might：情态动词“有可能，也许会”，表不确定的推测，比may语气委婉，含蓄，更不确定。
e.g. It is very helpful to be able to speak a foreign language.
1) It took me three days to finish the project.完成这个项目花了我三天时间。
2) Gina might not be able to go.吉娜可能走不了。
常见的句型有：
1)It is + adj. (+ __for__ + sb.) + to do sth.。常用于此句型的形容词important,
difficult, dangerous, necessary, useful, possible等, 用来对to do sth. 进行说明
如：It’s difficult for us to finish the work in an hour.
2) It is + adj. + _of + sb. + to do sth.
常用于此句型的形容词有good, kind, nice, clever, wise等, 用来对sb.的性格、品质等进行说明。
如：It’s kind of you to say so.
politely作副词,意为“礼貌地;客气地”
He is a polite child. He speaks to everyone politely.
他是个有礼貌的孩子。他对每个人说话都很有礼貌
2. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite.
less + adj. / adv. “不那么，稍许不......”
less + adj. / adv. than + 比较对象
1) His second movie is less interesting, I think.我认为他的第二部影片就不那么有趣。
2) I was less angry than surprised.我并不那么生气，更多的是惊讶。
3. The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. 他们所使用的表述或许取决于他们与谁交谈，以及与谈话者之间的熟悉程度。
(1)depend on +名词/代词/宾语从句:
“视……而定，取决于……”
The price of this kind of product depends on its quality instead of its size.
这种产品的价格取决于它的质量而不是它的大小。
It all depend on whether he likes the boss or not.
这完全取决于他是否喜欢这个老板。
11 depend on + 名词 Living things depend on sunlight.
21 depend on + V-ing We can depend on his coming on time.
31 depend on + 从句 That depends on how you do it.
(2) whom宾格人称代词, 意为“谁; 什么人”, 在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
①在口语和非正式用法中, whom放在句首时, 常常被who所代替。例如: Who/Whom is he talking to ②若whom紧跟在介词之后, 则不可被who所代替。例如: He is a man from whom we should all learn.
4. For example, “Where are the restrooms ” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ” are similar requests for directions to a place.
例如，“公共厕所在哪里 ”和“您能告诉我公共厕所在哪里吗？ ”是询问地点的类似的请求。
request n. 意为“请求；恳求；要求；需求；索取”，多指对某事所提出的礼貌
或正式的恳请。
(make a) request for sth. (做出)……的要求
1) They made a request for further aid. 他们要求再给一些帮助。
2) Her request for time off work was denied.她的请假请求被拒绝了。
request是可数名同，意为“要求;请求”，其后 常接“for +名间”,意为“……的要求/请求”。
We must make a request for help.我们必须请求帮助。
拓展
request用作及物动词，意为“要求；请求”。 常见用法如下：
①request sth. ( from/of sb.)意为“（向某人） 请求某物”。
He requested some hot water from me. 他向我要了些热水。
②request sb. to do sth.意为“请求某人做某事”。
They requested him to leave at once.他们要求他立刻离开。
5. Sometimes we even need to spend time leading in to a request.
Spend… doing sth. 花费……做某事
spend表示“花费”的两种常见结构
(1)spend+时间/金钱+(in)doing sth.
(2)spend+时间/金钱+on sth.
如何表达“花费”:
(1) 人 + spend+ 时间/ 金钱 +on sth. /(in)doing sth.
(2) 人+pay+ 金钱+for sth.
(3)sth. +cost+人+ 金钱
(4)It takes+人/ 金钱+to do sth.
II．语言点精练
一、单项选择
( )1. Many people enjoy ______ some time ______ for a walk after supper every day.
A. to spend；going out B. spending；going out
C. spending；to go out D. to spend；to go out
( )2. — Do you know ______ Mr. Smith came here just now
— Yes, I do. He came on foot.
A. how B. when C. where D. why
( )3. — Would you like ______ camping with me now
— I’d like to. But I’m busy ______ my homework.
A. to go；to do B. to go；doing C. going；to do D. going；doing
( )4. — Let me help you carry the box, Granny.
— Thank you, Li Lei. It’s very nice ________ you ________ me.
A. of；to help B. for；to help C. of；helping D. for；helping
( )5. It’s difficult to live in a foreign country, ______if you can’t speak the language.
A. directly B. especially C. usually D. politely
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
6.It's difficult to find a ___________lot near the supermarket.(park)
7.With___________do you usually play during the summer vacation (who)
8.Michael asked her whether she would like to go to the movies with him_____________.(polite)
9.It's useful for us to improve our spoken English by communicating with native English_________.(speak)
10.It's____________of you to speak loudly in the museum.(polite)
三、完成句子。
11. 这个课程不如那个难。
　This course is ________ ________ than that one.
12. 你能告诉我在哪儿兑换零钱吗？
　Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ some money
13. 我想知道晚会什么时候开始。
　I wonder ________ the party ________.
14. 王老师总是建议我们多读一些书。
　Mr. Wang always ________ that we ________ ________ more books.
15. 昨天他的确和朋友出去吃饭了。
　He ________ ________ ________ with his friend yesterday.
四、根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中两项为多余选项。
There are some ways to celebrate Mother's Day.
Spend time with your mom: Most moms want to hear from their kids more than they do. 16 Give her a call and let her know you want to talk for a while. Then ask her about herself, how her days are going and how she's feeling. 17 Knowing her will help you know yourself better, and that's never a bad thing.
Write down your memories of her: Many moms love to know what their kids remember from childhood. Make a list of these for your mom and give it to her. 18 Give her the bottle on Mother's Day.
Spend some time getting pictures taken with your mom. 19 All you really need is just a camera and someone that knows how to use it.Your poses(姿势)can be silly or funny. 20
I hope that one of these ideas will work for you, or will help you find more good ideas that will show your mom how much you love her.
A. Or, write each memory on a piece of paper, fold it up and put it in a big bottle.B. No matter how they turn out, this will make your mom feel happy.C. So you should move to live with her and ask how everything is going every day.D. You can do this if you live far away from your mom.E. Then a professional photographer is a must!F. Take her to a favorite park or garden, or do it in her own backyard.G. After all, it is the woman who brought you to the world.
五、阅读理解
We spent a day in the country, picking some white and yellow wild flowers. With the car full of flowers we were going home. On our way back, my wife noticed a cupboard（橱柜）outside a furniture shop（家具商店）. It was tall and narrow（窄的）. “Buy it,” my wife said at once. “We’ll carry it home on the roof rack（把它绑在车顶行李架上运回家）. I’ve always wanted one like that.”
　　What could I do Ten minutes later, I was￡20 poorer; and the cupboard was tied on the roof rack(橱柜被绑在车顶行李架上). It was six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy too. I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed unusually polite that evening. The policemen even stopped traffic to let us go through first. Carrying furniture was a good idea.
　　After some time my wife said, “There’s a long line of cars behind us. Why don’t they overtake（超车）, I wonder ” In fact a police car did overtake. The two officers(两个警官) inside looked at us seriously as they passed. But then, with great kindness, they led us through the rush-hour traffic（堵车的高峰时期）. The police car stopped at our village church（村里的教堂）. One of the officers came to me.
　　“Right, sir,” he said. “Do you need any more help ”
　　I was a bit puzzled（迷惑不解）. “Thanks, officer,” I said. “You have been very kind. I live just on the road.”
　　He was staring(盯着) at our car, first at the flowers, then at the cupboard. “Well, well,” he said, laughing. “It’s a cupboard you’ve got there! We thought it was something else.”
　　My wife began to laugh. The truth hit me like a stone between the eyes. I smiled at the officer. “Yes, it’s a cupboard, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could.
( )21. From the story we know that_______.
A. the writer was poor and didn’t buy the cupboard for his wife
B. the writer’s wife didn’t like the cupboard at all
C. the writer was very glad to buy the cupboard for his wife
D. the writer was not very glad to buy the cupboard for his wife
( )22. What things were on the writer’s car
A. some books B. some food C. a cupboard D. a cupboard and some flowers
( )23. What made the writer think that carrying furniture was “a good idea”
A. He could drive slowly and it was safe. B. Other drivers would let him go first.
C. The policemen were very polite to him. D. He could save a lot of money and time.
( )24. Why would the police and other drivers so kind to the writer
A. Because they thought the writer liked cooking and needed a cupboard.
B. Because they didn’t think it was polite to overtake a car with a cupboard on it.
C. Because they thought somebody in the writer’s family had died.
D. Because they thought it was dangerous to carry a cupboard on a car.
( )25. Why did the officer laugh at last
A. Because he liked the flowers.
B. Because he was happy to see the writer get home.
C. Because he was the writer’s friend.
D. Because he understood it was just a cupboard, not a coffin(棺材).
II. 语言点精练参考答案
一、1-5 BABAB
二、 6. parking 7. whom 8. politely 9. speaker 10. Impolite
三、11. less difficult 12. where to change 13. when；begins / starts 14. suggests；should read
15. did eat out
四、16-20 DGAFB
五、21-25 DDBCD
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