22022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单词讲解课件（23张PPT)
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| 名称 | 22022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单词讲解课件（23张PPT) |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-20 18:13:19 | ||
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选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists
主题语境：人与社会—对社会有突出贡献的任务
词性转换
重点短语
经典句式
单元词汇发散——上串下联
核心词汇讲解及练习
一词多义/熟词新意
语言运用——强化高频考点
写作——挑战考场佳作
目录
一、词性转换
1. __________ vt.使感染；传染→ __________ n.感染；传染
2. __________ vt.证明 link v.证明是→ __________ n.证据；证明；检验
3. __________ adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ __________ v.净化
4. __________ vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→ __________ n.转化；转换；变换；变化
5. __________ n.思想；思维；见解→ __________ v.认为；思考
6. __________ n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→ __________ v.发现
7. __________ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→ __________ adv.起初
infect infection
prove proof
pure purify
transform transformation
thinking think
finding find
initial initially
8. __________ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→ __________ n.防御；保卫
9. __________ n.助理；助手→ __________ vt.帮助；协助；援助→ __________ n.帮助；协助
10. __________ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→ __________ n.天赋；天分
11. __________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→ __________ adv.平稳地；持续地
12. __________ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→ __________ adv.生动地
defend defense
assistant assist
assistance
gifted gift steady steadily vivid vividly
二、重点短语
1.最终地；彻底地
2.同意；赞同
3.幸亏；由于
4.(战争、打斗等)突然开始；爆发
5.主管；掌管
6.患(病)；染上(小病)
7.最重要的是；尤其是
8.负有责任
9.对……有影响
10.在某人的领导下
once and for all
subscribe to
thanks to
break out
in charge of
come down
above all
be to blame
have an impact on
under one's leadership
三、经典句式
1.句型公式：It seems that ...看起来似乎……
[教材原句p.2]__________________________________________ _____________________(那个女人看起来似乎很喜欢从抽水机里取来的水) that she had it delivered to her house every day.
2.句型公式：have sth done
[教材原句p.2] Accordingly, he ____________________________
_______________________
(让人把水泵的手柄拆了) so that it could not be used.
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much
had the handle of the pump removed
四、单元词汇发散——上串下联
1.常见的反义形容词
abstract 抽象的—concrete 具体的 positive 积极的—negative 消极的
optimistic 乐观的—pessimistic 悲观的
2.以?ship为后缀的高频名词
①scholarship奖学金；学问 ②friendship 友谊
③leadership 领导地位 ④relationship 关系
⑤hardship 苦难 ⑥championship 冠军称号
3. 同根词汇
有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃
①in charge of 主管；看管；负责 in the charge of 被掌管
②in control of 控制；管理 in the control of 被……控制
③in possession of 占有；拥有 in the possession of 被占有
1.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
[记牢]
defend...from/against ... 保护……免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
defence n. 防御；保卫
in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩护
[练透] 单句语法填空①He planned to learn kung fu in the summer holidays so that he can defend himself against ___________________ (attack).②Cooper wrote to the journal immediately, __________ (defend) himself.[写美] 一句多译③看到那条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护他的儿子。→Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed __________ his son like an arrow.(defend)→Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed __________ his son like an arrow.(defence)
being attacked
defending
to defend
in defence of
2.in charge of主管；掌管
[记牢]
(1)in the charge of... 由……来负责；被……掌管
take charge of... 负责；看管(表动作)
free of charge... 免费
(2)charge (sb) for sth (向某人)要价……
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事
[练透] 语境辨义/熟词生义
①The outstanding scientist is in charge of handling the matter. __________
②I will charge you one hundred yuan for repairing your cellphone. __________
③The police charged the thief with stealing raw materials in the company. __________
[写美] 微写作(应用文之活动安排)
④作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。
As chairman of the Student Association, I was appointed to_______________________ ______________________________________ during your stay in Tianjin.
主管
收费
控告
be in charge of/take charge of arranging all the activities
3.above all最重要的是；尤其是
[记牢]
all in all 总的说来；总而言之
in all 全部；合计
first of all 首先
at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
[练透] 用all的相关短语填空
If you want to achieve success, __________, you must be strict with yourself.
I was very upset to find out that he didn't like my gift __________.
[写美] 微写作(应用文之申请信)
最重要的是，我精通英语，所以我与他人沟通没有困难。
__________, I have a good command of English, so I _____________________
_____________________________________.
above all
at all
Above all have no difficulty in communicating with others
4.decrease n.减少；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
[记牢]
(1)decrease by 减少了
decrease (from ...) to (从……)减少到
decrease in 在某方面降低
(2)on the decrease 在下降；在减少
a decrease in sth 某方面的减少/下降
[练透] 单句语法填空
① __________ (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
②Over the past decades, sea ice has been __________ the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
[写美] 一句多译
③由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals _________________________.(decrease n.)
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals ____________________.(decrease v.)
To decrease
on
is on the decrease
is decreasing
5.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
[记牢]
blame sb for (doing) sth 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备
lay/put the blame on 把……归咎于……
[练透] 单句语法填空
It was the professor rather than his assistant that was __________ (blame) for what had happened in the lab.
The boss didn't blame his assistant __________ the mistake, which was beyond expectations.
The boss didn't blame the mistake __________ his assistant, which was beyond expectations.
[写美] 句式升级
Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network.
→_______________________________________________, Alice was in low spirits.(分词作状语)
[用准]be to blame不能用被动语态，该短语用主动语态表示被动含义。
to blame
for
on
Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network
6.句型公式：have＋宾语＋动词?ed形式(短语)
[记牢]
have sth done 让别人做某事
have sb do sth 让某人做某事
have sb/sth doing sth 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态
have sth to do 有某事要做
can't/couldn't have sb doing sth 不允许某人做某事(否定句)
[练透] 单句语法填空
He had his house __________ (burn) down in the fire.
We can't have him __________ (get) away with cheating in the exam；otherwise, he won't shoulder the blame.
Attention，please！I have something urgent __________ (inform) you.
[写美] 微写作
既然你已经意识到你的时间是有限的，你必须更加努力学习以实现自己的目标。
Now that you have realized that your time is limited, ____________________________________.
burnt
getting
to inform
you must study harder to have your goal achieved
一词多义
根据语境选出subscribe to的含义。
A.同意；赞同 B.把……捐赠给…… C.订购
He subscribes to the view that children can benefit from being independent. __________
Amy thought it was worthwhile to read English newspapers every day so she subscribed to the 21st Century. __________
Many people subscribed money to the education fund. __________
A
c
B
阅读理解——突破阅读障碍
熟词生义
(2020·江苏卷)They shifted their viewpoints frequently. __________
(2020·天津卷)“Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself.“I was born in the country of Wisconsin.I've driven teams of horses and carried water.Making a full?length clay (黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength — and that is what I intend to do！” __________
改变
辩解
语言运用——强化高频考点
1. (2021·全国甲卷)It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame __________ getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria，Canada.
2. (2021·天津卷)After letting go of his anger and __________ (frustrate), he found himself on a road to sympathy instead.
3. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)After that I __________ (pour) oil into a pan and turned on the stove, I waited patiently until the oil was hot.
for
frustration
poured
写作——挑战考场佳作
佳句写作
1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)起初，伯纳德怀疑他不能按计划卖掉他的爆米花。(状语从句的省略)
____________________________________________________________
2. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)多亏了杰克的善良和慷慨，伯纳德才能通过卖爆米花赚钱养家。(thanks to)
____________________________________________________________
3. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师，他从不怀疑我们会实现我们的梦想。→________________________________________________________________________________________________________(suspect that ...)
→________________________________________________________________________________________________________(suspect sb of ...)
Initially,Bernard suspected that he couldn't sell his popcorn as planned.
Thanks to Jack's kindness and generosity, Bernard could make some
money by selling popcorn to support his family.
The person I respect most is my English teacher,who never suspects
that we can achieve our dreams.
The person I respect most is my English teacher,who never suspects
us of achieving our dreams.
2.长句建构
根据下面的拓展图，翻译句子。
(2020·天津卷)我们都被这个仪式深深地感动了，我们从仪式上认识到，责任感总是伴随着我们成长的过程。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We are all deeply moved by the ceremony, from which we realize that the sense of responsibility always accompanies the process of our growth.
主题语境：人与社会—对社会有突出贡献的任务
词性转换
重点短语
经典句式
单元词汇发散——上串下联
核心词汇讲解及练习
一词多义/熟词新意
语言运用——强化高频考点
写作——挑战考场佳作
目录
一、词性转换
1. __________ vt.使感染；传染→ __________ n.感染；传染
2. __________ vt.证明 link v.证明是→ __________ n.证据；证明；检验
3. __________ adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ __________ v.净化
4. __________ vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→ __________ n.转化；转换；变换；变化
5. __________ n.思想；思维；见解→ __________ v.认为；思考
6. __________ n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→ __________ v.发现
7. __________ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→ __________ adv.起初
infect infection
prove proof
pure purify
transform transformation
thinking think
finding find
initial initially
8. __________ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→ __________ n.防御；保卫
9. __________ n.助理；助手→ __________ vt.帮助；协助；援助→ __________ n.帮助；协助
10. __________ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→ __________ n.天赋；天分
11. __________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→ __________ adv.平稳地；持续地
12. __________ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→ __________ adv.生动地
defend defense
assistant assist
assistance
gifted gift steady steadily vivid vividly
二、重点短语
1.最终地；彻底地
2.同意；赞同
3.幸亏；由于
4.(战争、打斗等)突然开始；爆发
5.主管；掌管
6.患(病)；染上(小病)
7.最重要的是；尤其是
8.负有责任
9.对……有影响
10.在某人的领导下
once and for all
subscribe to
thanks to
break out
in charge of
come down
above all
be to blame
have an impact on
under one's leadership
三、经典句式
1.句型公式：It seems that ...看起来似乎……
[教材原句p.2]__________________________________________ _____________________(那个女人看起来似乎很喜欢从抽水机里取来的水) that she had it delivered to her house every day.
2.句型公式：have sth done
[教材原句p.2] Accordingly, he ____________________________
_______________________
(让人把水泵的手柄拆了) so that it could not be used.
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much
had the handle of the pump removed
四、单元词汇发散——上串下联
1.常见的反义形容词
abstract 抽象的—concrete 具体的 positive 积极的—negative 消极的
optimistic 乐观的—pessimistic 悲观的
2.以?ship为后缀的高频名词
①scholarship奖学金；学问 ②friendship 友谊
③leadership 领导地位 ④relationship 关系
⑤hardship 苦难 ⑥championship 冠军称号
3. 同根词汇
有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃
①in charge of 主管；看管；负责 in the charge of 被掌管
②in control of 控制；管理 in the control of 被……控制
③in possession of 占有；拥有 in the possession of 被占有
1.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
[记牢]
defend...from/against ... 保护……免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
defence n. 防御；保卫
in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩护
[练透] 单句语法填空①He planned to learn kung fu in the summer holidays so that he can defend himself against ___________________ (attack).②Cooper wrote to the journal immediately, __________ (defend) himself.[写美] 一句多译③看到那条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护他的儿子。→Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed __________ his son like an arrow.(defend)→Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed __________ his son like an arrow.(defence)
being attacked
defending
to defend
in defence of
2.in charge of主管；掌管
[记牢]
(1)in the charge of... 由……来负责；被……掌管
take charge of... 负责；看管(表动作)
free of charge... 免费
(2)charge (sb) for sth (向某人)要价……
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事
[练透] 语境辨义/熟词生义
①The outstanding scientist is in charge of handling the matter. __________
②I will charge you one hundred yuan for repairing your cellphone. __________
③The police charged the thief with stealing raw materials in the company. __________
[写美] 微写作(应用文之活动安排)
④作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。
As chairman of the Student Association, I was appointed to_______________________ ______________________________________ during your stay in Tianjin.
主管
收费
控告
be in charge of/take charge of arranging all the activities
3.above all最重要的是；尤其是
[记牢]
all in all 总的说来；总而言之
in all 全部；合计
first of all 首先
at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
[练透] 用all的相关短语填空
If you want to achieve success, __________, you must be strict with yourself.
I was very upset to find out that he didn't like my gift __________.
[写美] 微写作(应用文之申请信)
最重要的是，我精通英语，所以我与他人沟通没有困难。
__________, I have a good command of English, so I _____________________
_____________________________________.
above all
at all
Above all have no difficulty in communicating with others
4.decrease n.减少；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
[记牢]
(1)decrease by 减少了
decrease (from ...) to (从……)减少到
decrease in 在某方面降低
(2)on the decrease 在下降；在减少
a decrease in sth 某方面的减少/下降
[练透] 单句语法填空
① __________ (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
②Over the past decades, sea ice has been __________ the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
[写美] 一句多译
③由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals _________________________.(decrease n.)
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals ____________________.(decrease v.)
To decrease
on
is on the decrease
is decreasing
5.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
[记牢]
blame sb for (doing) sth 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备
lay/put the blame on 把……归咎于……
[练透] 单句语法填空
It was the professor rather than his assistant that was __________ (blame) for what had happened in the lab.
The boss didn't blame his assistant __________ the mistake, which was beyond expectations.
The boss didn't blame the mistake __________ his assistant, which was beyond expectations.
[写美] 句式升级
Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network.
→_______________________________________________, Alice was in low spirits.(分词作状语)
[用准]be to blame不能用被动语态，该短语用主动语态表示被动含义。
to blame
for
on
Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network
6.句型公式：have＋宾语＋动词?ed形式(短语)
[记牢]
have sth done 让别人做某事
have sb do sth 让某人做某事
have sb/sth doing sth 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态
have sth to do 有某事要做
can't/couldn't have sb doing sth 不允许某人做某事(否定句)
[练透] 单句语法填空
He had his house __________ (burn) down in the fire.
We can't have him __________ (get) away with cheating in the exam；otherwise, he won't shoulder the blame.
Attention，please！I have something urgent __________ (inform) you.
[写美] 微写作
既然你已经意识到你的时间是有限的，你必须更加努力学习以实现自己的目标。
Now that you have realized that your time is limited, ____________________________________.
burnt
getting
to inform
you must study harder to have your goal achieved
一词多义
根据语境选出subscribe to的含义。
A.同意；赞同 B.把……捐赠给…… C.订购
He subscribes to the view that children can benefit from being independent. __________
Amy thought it was worthwhile to read English newspapers every day so she subscribed to the 21st Century. __________
Many people subscribed money to the education fund. __________
A
c
B
阅读理解——突破阅读障碍
熟词生义
(2020·江苏卷)They shifted their viewpoints frequently. __________
(2020·天津卷)“Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself.“I was born in the country of Wisconsin.I've driven teams of horses and carried water.Making a full?length clay (黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength — and that is what I intend to do！” __________
改变
辩解
语言运用——强化高频考点
1. (2021·全国甲卷)It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame __________ getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria，Canada.
2. (2021·天津卷)After letting go of his anger and __________ (frustrate), he found himself on a road to sympathy instead.
3. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)After that I __________ (pour) oil into a pan and turned on the stove, I waited patiently until the oil was hot.
for
frustration
poured
写作——挑战考场佳作
佳句写作
1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)起初，伯纳德怀疑他不能按计划卖掉他的爆米花。(状语从句的省略)
____________________________________________________________
2. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)多亏了杰克的善良和慷慨，伯纳德才能通过卖爆米花赚钱养家。(thanks to)
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3. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师，他从不怀疑我们会实现我们的梦想。→________________________________________________________________________________________________________(suspect that ...)
→________________________________________________________________________________________________________(suspect sb of ...)
Initially,Bernard suspected that he couldn't sell his popcorn as planned.
Thanks to Jack's kindness and generosity, Bernard could make some
money by selling popcorn to support his family.
The person I respect most is my English teacher,who never suspects
that we can achieve our dreams.
The person I respect most is my English teacher,who never suspects
us of achieving our dreams.
2.长句建构
根据下面的拓展图，翻译句子。
(2020·天津卷)我们都被这个仪式深深地感动了，我们从仪式上认识到，责任感总是伴随着我们成长的过程。
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We are all deeply moved by the ceremony, from which we realize that the sense of responsibility always accompanies the process of our growth.