外研版必修三单元测试 Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia 能力提升（含答案无听力题）
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Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia 能力提升—2022-2023学年高一英语外研版必修三单元测试
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装)it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that "the production, distribution, and use of products—as well as management of the resulting waste—all result in greenhouse gas release." Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start—for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.
In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place
Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫)that encased your television
From the governments' point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.
1. By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that .
A.the weight of e-goods is rather small
B.e-waste deserves to be made good use of
C.natural minerals contain more precious metals
D.the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste
2. The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended .
A.from producers to governments B.from governments to producers
C.from individuals to distributors D.from distributors to governments
3. What does the passage mainly talk about
A.The increase in e-waste. B.The creation of e-waste.
C.The seriousness of e-waste. D.The management of e-waste
B
In a natural disaster —a hurricane, floods tornado, volcanic eruption, or other calamity—minutes and even seconds of warning can be the difference between life and death. Because of this scientists and government officials are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how best to analyze and communicate this information once it is obtained. The goal is to put technology to effective use in saving lives and property when nature unleashes its power with devastating results.
On September 29,1998,Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi. Mississippi, after devastating Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean with torrential rains and winds up to 160 km/h (100 mph). Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United Statest although hundreds died in the Caribbean.
This was a very different outcome from 1900, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6, 000 people. Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances at either end of the 20th century residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance of Georges's approach, allowing for extensive safety precautions.
At the same lime that people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana. 120 km to the west. were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. Because much of New Orleans lies below sea levels the city is at risk for flooding. In addition, because New Orleans has a large population in vulnerable locations, emergency management officials must begin evacuations(撤退) well before a storm strikes. But evacuation costs money: Businesses closer tourists leaver and citizens take precautionary measures. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city's preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million. After the full fury of Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.
The differing views on the early warnings for Hurricane (reorgus illustrate some of the complexities involved in predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is more than just forecasting the future with advanced technology—it is also a process of providing scientific information to the government officials and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions.
In general, the process has three phases. First, there is the challenge of forecasting the event itself. In the case of Georges, scientists worked to predict the future direction and strength of the hurricane days in advance.
A second important challenge is communicating the forecast to decision-makers. Because forecasts are always uncertain, a central factor in disaster predictions is communicating this uncertainty. Uncertainty is usually described in terms of odds or probabilities much like daily weather forecasts. The media plays an important role in communicating predictions and their uncertainty to the public.
The third part of the process is the use of predictive information by decision makers. Even the most accurate information is of little value if the decision maker does not use it appropriately, for example in deciding whether to order an evacuation. If there is a breakdown in any of these three phases of prediction, the result is increased danger and a higher risk of loss of life.
1.The underlined word "calamity" refers to _______.
A.nature B.thunderstorms C.disaster D.dangers
2.According to the passage, the purpose of disaster prediction is to ________.
A.demonstrate the power of advanced technology
B.bring out the truth between life and death
C.prevent such natural disasters from happening
D.reduce human casualties and loss of property
3.Which of the following areas suffered the most severe damage
A.Biloxi, Mississippi. B.Gulf Coast of US.
C.Galveston,Texas. D.New Orleans.
4.The city residents of New Orleans were unsatisfied because _______.
A.they underwent a heavy hurricane attack
B.the forecast hurricane did not hit the city
C.the hurricane warning arrived rather late
D.its precautionary measures were wasted
C
Put your car keys away and forget about your travel pass—it's time to do a bit of walking.
National Walking Month is organized every May by Living Streets, an organization that campaigns for the rights and the needs of pedestrians—indeed, the organization was previously known as the Pedcstrians, Association. The association's aim is to make streets safe, attractive and enjoyable spaces for people to live, work, shop and play. By putting people (rather than vehicles) first. Living Streets wants to create streets and spaces where people feel happier, healthier and more sociable.
The annual campaign gives participants a great opportunity to experience the many virtues of walking. These include the physical health benefits of becoming fitter; the environmental advantages of not using vehicles; the delight of local discoveries —seeing more of your local area on foot; the enjoyment of walking with other people, whether family, friends or work colleagues and finally the stress relief that comes from walking- walking can clear your head.
Walk to School Week. 19 to 24 May, is part of the month's activities and its aim is to encourage parents to send children to school on foot, rather than take them in the car or let them use public transport. The movement was started in 1995 with only five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take pari.
Similarly, there is Walk to Work Week. 12 to 16 May, where grown-ups are encouraged to walk. In the morning, getting off the bus a stop early or parking a few streets away is a good way to add more steps to the daily total. And during the working day, rather than having lunch at the desks or in the canteen, take a walk and get some fresh air. Walk home with your workmates and chat away about everything under the sun but work!
1.Living Streets is working to _______.
A.help people living in the street
B.build safer walkways for pedestrians
C.help people walk in the street and enjoy life
D.make people aware of environmental pollution
2.Paragraph 3 is intended to show that walking is _______.
A.so interesting B.very relaxing C.perfectly safe D.highly beneficial
3.Walk to School Week __________.
A.is organized by the government B.is held before Walk to Work Week
C.has developed rapidly over the last 20 years D.encourages students to walk to school alone
4.What's the text mainly about
A.The Pedestrians' Association. B.A nationwide health movement.
C.The influence of walking on life. D.National Walking Month's history.
D
The fourth round of heavy smog that hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.
Pan Shiyi, a real estate developer, said he is planning to propose a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative of the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 am. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents, welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo, China's Twitter.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze (雾霾) reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory (呼吸) illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors about all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection, so some people have turned to gas masks and respirators (呼吸器).
The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is adequate wind to clear it away. Some critics have pointed fingers at China's top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies' outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard, high-polluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile, concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace. If Pan's proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for "car-free days" in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
1.Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey
A.To investigate (调查) the public's opinions on pollution.
B.To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather.
C.To call on more people to support his proposal.
D.To collect supporting evidences for his proposal.
2.What can we learn from the passage
A.People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.
B.Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses.
C.Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases.
D.Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather.
3.Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to ________.
A.suggest Beijing should learn from other countries.
B.let people know many places have this problem.
C.tell people the situation in Britain is worse.
D.call on the government to pass Britain's Clean Air Act.
4.What's the best title for this passage
A.The Use of Gas Masks and Respirators
B.Beijingers Call for a Clean Air Act
C.Effective Protection for Blue Sky
D.The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most countries have their own breakfast traditions. For example, a breakfast containing bread, eggs, and coffee, is common in the United States. However, people in Japan usually have white rice and vegetable soup for breakfast. ①___________ In fact, in some Asian countries, breakfast doesn't usually mean eating foods that are different from any other meals.
European countries have their own breakfast traditions too. In Italy, people usually just eat bread and coffee. ②___________ And an "English breakfast" means eggs, salted meat, vegetables or fruit, and bread. It is a very large meal.
In Africa, breakfast is very different across the continent. ③___________ In Nigeria, for example, many different tribes(部落) eat different foods for breakfast. One common thing is ground beans. In parts of Nigeria, people make a round cake from beans and cook it in oil. In other parts of Nigeria, people drink coffee. They also eat bread with butter or chocolate on it, along with fresh fruit.
④___________ People in Costa Rica, Central America have a meal called gallo pinto for breakfast. Gallo pinto is Spanish for "spotted rooster," but the breakfast food is not a rooster or a chicken! Gallo pinto is just rice and beans. It also uses a special sweet and spicy(辛辣 的) liquid called Lizano Sauce, which is a special part of the Costa Rican breakfast. People eat different versions of this same food in other Central American countries.
⑤___________ But all of them find ways to eat the things that will be healthy for them.
A. But these meals can be different.
B. In other parts of Africa, people drink coffee.
C. This is very similar to other meals in the day.
D. In the Americas, the breakfast meal is different too.
E. Each country across the world has a different breakfast.
F. In Germany, people cat different cold meats and special bread rolls.
G. What people have for breakfast differs a lot even within the same country.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
"I just don't know what my purpose, what my mission in this life is!" a friend wrote me in an e-mail recently. For some reason her letter 1 an old memory in me so I wrote her back and 2 this with her.
When I was a young Dad, my family was 3 just to get by. I was getting a few days work here and there as a substitute teacher. I was teaching every subject and every grade from kindergarten to seniors in high school. Then near the 4 of the school year I got 5 at the last second to teach at a local grade school. I got there late worrying about the summer to come and the 6 of work it would bring. The class I got had a bad case of summer break 7 too. They were bouncing off their seats, talking in class, and not paying attention to anything I said. Finally, it was time for a rest and I was as happy as they were to get outside the 8 classroom. I watched them run and play and hoped it would 9 them out so the afternoon wouldn't be as 10 as the morning had been on me. It was then, however, that a little girl ran up to me. She had a handful of freshly 11 wild flowers. She reached a Daisy out to me and said, "This is for you, Mr. Mazzella." In that second I felt a 12 I hadn't felt all day. I smiled and thanked her for her gift as she skipped happily away.
In that instant the little girl had completed a part of her 13 here on Earth. In that second she had completed a moment of her mission. The 14 is that every single thing we do is a part of our purpose here. Every single thing we do is a part of our 15 . May all your days then be full of life, learning, and love.
1.A.lost B.awakened C.committed D.found
2.A.shared B.told C.discussed D.admitted
3.A.living B.keeping C.struggling D.fighting
4.A.beginning B.middle C.end D.last
5.A.brought in B.turned in C.taken in D.called in
6.A.salary B.lack C.load D.increase
7.A.fever B.worry C.sadness D.happiness
8.A.cold B.big C.small D.hot
9.A.wear B.drive C.put D.let
10.A.boring B.exciting C.tough D.easy
11.A.bought B.picked C.chosen D.stolen
12.A.joy B.sorrow C.satisfaction D.pity
13.A.life B.dream C.task D.purpose
14.A.secret B.truth C.plan D.reason
15.A.belief B.mission C.life D.requirement
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week my friend phoned me and we ①__________(decide) to go on a trip to Germany. It was going to be an adventure!
I took a car ②__________my town to Paris. When I arrived in Paris, after getting a bit ③__________(lose), I eventually found my friend and we were ready to roll! We boarded the train to Heidelberg, Germany and off we went.
I stayed with my friend there, ④__________flat smelt a bit strange but was lovely all the same. For the next five ⑤__________(day), we explored the town and ate a shocking amount of cake. I've never tasted a cheesecake quite as good as German cheesecake.
After five days, we ⑥__________(final) made plans to head home, ⑦__________(stop) off for a day in Paris on the way. Since we hadn't booked a return ticket, the cheapest ⑧__________(choose) was to take a 12-hour coach from Heidelberg to Paris. We just played some card games and chatted and eventually got to Paris. Paris was fantastic and we had a great time ⑨__________(be) tourists taking our big maps wherever we went. In ⑩__________ funny way, I'm glad that our trip was more than an adventure!
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，请用英语给你校外教 Kate 写封信。请她就有关急救方面的常识，给同学们做个讲座。内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 急救的重要性及同学们对其了解情况；
3. 期待回复。
注意：
1. 字数 80 左右；(开头和结尾已给，不计入总字数)
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Kate,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One Saturday afternoon, my mother was driving home from work. On the halfway, she decided to buy some vegetables and fruits at the store near the gas station. After pulling out her credit card to buy them, she put her wallet on the top of the car just for a moment to answer my phone call. After hanging up the phone, she forgot the wallet completely and drove off in a hurry. When arriving home, she realized that she had lost her wallet. I knew that my mother must be extremely sad. The wallet was very important to her, because it was her birthday gift which was given by my father. Thinking that the chance of getting it back was small, I comforted her and offered to buy a new one for her.
My mother couldn't believe her eyes when she found a note on the door. It was from a person who said he and his friend found her wallet a few hours earlier. My mother was so joyfully surprised to learn that Patrick and Catherine saw the wallet in the middle of the road a few blocks from the gas station. They stopped their car to pick it up. It was filled with all the things one usually kept in a wallet, including some bills and other cash. However, there was no phone number. They decided to turn to the police for help. Fortunately, they managed to get an address from my mother's driving license. They realized that the loss of a wallet could cause an unpleasant and upset experience to the owner, who must have been anxious. Without hesitation, they decided to drive to our home to return it.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
When my mother went to get the wallet, she was so relieved and grateful, feeling that she was so lucky to get the wallet back. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She intended to give them some money as an expression of gratitude, but they refused. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.B; 3.D
解析：
1.本文为说明文,题材为环境保护类。随着电子数码科技的进步,越来越多的电子垃圾产生了,手机、电脑、个人电子器件等被扔掉的越来越多。这些被扔掉的电子垃圾中含有一些像金银之类的贵重金属,当然也有很多有毒物质。那我们该如何处理这些电子垃圾呢
推理判断题。第二段提到了瑞士的一项研究结果:电子垃圾中贵重金属的含量要比自然界中矿石中贵重金属的含量还要高。由此推断作者旨在说明这些电子垃圾值得被充分利用,故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述:政府要制定相关法律,对制造商提出明确的责任要求。由此推断这份责任应该是从政府开始延伸到制造商身上,故选B项。
3.主旨大意题。本文第一段提出了越来越严重的电子垃圾污染问题,后面就如何处理这些垃圾提出了一些建议,也明确了该问题所涉及各方应负的责任,由此推断出本文的主题应该是D项:电子垃圾的处理。
B
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据该词所在句子可知calamity应该与前面的disaster同义。
2.细节理解题。灾害预报的目的可以在第一段最后一句中找到:"The goal is to put technology to effective use in saving lives and property when nature unleashes its power with devastating results. "。A、B两项的内容不符合事实,C项说是预防灾害的发生,现在实际上还做不到。D项的内容较接近原文的意思。
3.细节理解题。试题问哪个地方遭受过最严重的灾害。A、B两项所说的地方由于有了预报,损失不大。D项是新奥尔良,根本没有遭受灾害。C项所指的地方,1900年在没有得到预报的情况下,突遭飓风,造成6 000多人死亡,因此损失最大。
4.细节理解题。新奥尔良市的人们不太满意的主要原因,根据第四段的内容,不是因为A项(遭受严重飓风袭击), 不是因为B项(飓风没有袭击他们),也不是因为C项(灾害预报来晚了),而是因为D项(他们花费大量资金所作的准备没有用上,白白浪费了)。
C
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.C; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Living Streets, an organization that campaigns for the rights and the needs of pedestrians. 以及Living Streets wants to create streets and spaces where people feel happier, healthier and more sociable.可知, Living Streets是一个致力于让行人享受在街上步行的组织。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段描述步行带来的种种益处可知答案。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的The movement was started in 1995 with only five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take part.可知,步行上学周在过去的20年里发展飞快。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了英国的一项全民健康运动——国家步行月。
D
答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知,潘石屹发起网上调査,是因为他计划向地方政府提交《清洁空气法案》的提议(proposal),首先排除A、B两项;再根据常识判断,网上发起投票调査,是为了收集提议受到支持的证据,使其更具说服力,故答案选D。
2.事实细节题。根据第三段第三句可知选C,雾霾导致呼吸性系统疾病的增长,尤其在老人和儿童中(抵抗力较低的人群)。根据第四段第一句可知A项错误;根据第三段倒数第二句可知B项错误;根据第三段最后一句可知D项错误。
3.推理判断题。根据全文最后一句可推断出,举例是建议北京向英国学习,早日制定《清洁空气法案》。
4.主旨大意题。文章介绍了北京持续出现的雾霾天气导致的严重危害以及网民们呼吁制定《清洁空气法案》,故B项符合文章主旨。
第二节
答案：CFGDE
解析：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各国不同的早餐文化。
1. C根据上一句举日本人的早餐例子和下一句中的in some Asian countries, breakfast doesn't usually mean eating foods that are different from any other meals.可知,此处指:在日本,早餐和其余两顿饭很相似。
2. F本段主要介绍欧洲人的早餐传统。根据前一句和后一句分别介绍意大利人和英国人不同的早餐习惯可知,介绍德国人早餐的F项符合该处语境。
3. G根据接下来介绍尼日利业不同地方的人吃的早餐不一样可知,此处指即使在同一个国家,人们的早餐也有很大不同。
4. D文章第二段介绍欧洲人的早餐传统,第三段介绍非洲人的早餐文化,再根据此处后介绍位于中美洲的哥斯达黎加的早餐情况可知,D项符合该处语境。
5. E通过上文介绍不同国家的早餐文化可知,此处对文章进行总结,故选E项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.C; 5.D; 6.B; 7.A; 8.D; 9.A; 10.C; 11.B; 12.A; 13.D; 14.B; 15.B
解析：1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于某种原因，她的信唤醒了我的旧记忆，所以我给她回信，并与她分享。A. lost丢失；B. awakened唤醒；C. committed承诺，犯罪；D. found发现。根据" an old memory in me so I wrote her back"可知，朋友的信唤醒了作者的旧记忆。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于某种原因，她的信唤醒了我的旧记忆，所以我给她回信，并与她分享。A. shared分享；B. told告诉；C. discussed讨论；D. admitted认，录取，结合下文讲述的故事可知，作者和朋友分享自己经历的事情，以鼓励她找到生活的目标。故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是一个年轻的父亲时，我的家人只是勉强糊口。 A living生活，居住； B keeping保持；C. truggling挣扎，努力；D. fighting打架。根据 "just to get by"可知，当时作者家里日子不好过，在努力挣扎。故选C。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在接近学年结束的时候，我在最后一秒被叫到当地一所小学教书。A. beginning开始；B. middle中间；C. end结束；D. last最后。根据"summer break"推知，这是学期末，即结束的时候。故选C。
5.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后在接近学年结束的时候，我在最后一秒被叫到当地一所小学教书。 A brought in引进；B. turned in检举，上交；C. taken in吸收，收留；D. called in请来，找来。根据" to teach at a local grade school"可知，作者在最后一秒被找来去当地一所学校教书。故选D。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很晚才到达那里，担心即将到来的夏天会带来工作的缺乏。A. salary工资；B. lack缺乏；C. load负荷，负载；D. Increase增加。由作者接受到当地一个小学教书推知，夏天工作的机会很少（即缺乏工作），因此他不得不接受这份不太满意的工作。故选B。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所带班级的学生也因暑假而特别兴奋。 A. fever发烧，激动，兴奋；B. worry担心；C. sadness悲伤；D. happiness幸福，快乐。根据" They were bouncing off their seats, talking in class, and not paying attention to anything I said∵呵可知，孩子们变得很兴奋。故选A。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，是休息的时候了，我和他们一样高兴地走出炎热的教室。 A. cold寒冷的；B. big大的；C. small小的；D. hot热的。根据 'summer break和学生的举动推知，教室里很热。故选D。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着他们奔跑、玩耍，希望这样可以耗尽他们的精力，这样下午不会像早上那样艰难了。A. wear穿，戴；B. drive驾驶，驱赶；C .put放；D. let让。根据" I watched them run and play'推知，作者希望这些活动能耗尽孩子们的精力，让他们能好好上课。 wear out"耗尽"，故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看着他们奔跑、玩耍，希望这样可以耗尽他们的精力，这样下午不会像早上那样艰难了。A. boring无聊的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. tough艰难的，棘手的；D. easy容易的。根据"They were bouncing off their seats, talking in class, and not paying attention to anything I said"可知，这时候让孩子们好好上课很艰难，但如果精力耗尽的话，可能下午就没有那么艰难了。故选C。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拿着一把摘来的新鲜野花。A. bought买来的；B. picked被摘下的；C. chosen选择的；D. stolen榆偷来的。结合常识可知，野花是摘来的。故选B。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一瞬间我感受到了一整天都没有感受到的快乐。A. joy快乐；B. sorrow悲伤；C. satisfaction满意；D. pity同情，伶悯。根据" I smiled and thanked her for her gift as she skipped happily away.推知，作者当时感到很快乐。故选A。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一瞬间，小女孩完成了她在世界上的一部分使命。A. life生活，生命；B. dream梦，梦想；C.task任务；D. purpose目的，有价值的事情。呼应上文" I just don' t know what my purpose, what my mission in this life is.！"可知，此处指小女孩对作者做了一件有意义的事情，完成了自己的部分使命。故选D。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实是，我们所做的每一件事都是我们目标的一部分。A. secret秘密；B. truth真相；C. plan计划；D. reason原因。根据" very single thing we do is a part of our purpose here"可知，这是作者经过这件事明白的人生真理。故选B。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所做的每件事都是我们使命的一部分。A. belief信念；B. mission使命；C. life生命，生活；D. requirement要求。呼应上文 "I just don't know what my purpose, what my mission in this life is！"此处指我们所做的每件小事都是我们使命的一部分。故选B。
第二节
答案：decided; from; lost; whose; days; finally; stopping; choice; being; a
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了作者和朋友去德国旅游,并讲述了他们在德国的旅游体验。
1.decided考查谓语动词。根据时间状语"Last week"可知,时态应为一般过去时,且句子的主语we与decide之间为主动关系,故填decided。
2.from 考査介词。考查介词短语from... to...,意为"从…… 到 "。故填from。
3.lost考査词性转换。该句中getting为系动词,故其后接lose的形容词形式lost,意为"迷路的",故填lost。英语中常用的表达 "迷路"的短语有:be/get lost或lose one's way，该题符合第一种情况。
4. whose考査代词。分析句子可知,此处flat与前半句中的there为从属关系,故由whose来引导该定语从句。
5. days考查名词复数。数字five后接可数名词的复数形式。故填days。
6. finally考査副词。副词修饰谓语动词made。故填finally。
7. stopping考査非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句中stop off与主语we之间为主动关系，故用现在分词在句中作状语。
8. choice考査词性转换。the cheapest后接名词在句中充当主语, 故填choice。
9. being考査非谓语动词。have a good/great time后接动名词作宾语,故填being。
10. a考査冠词。固定短语in a...way意为"以一种……的方式",故填a。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Kate,
My name is Li Hua, one student of your class. I am writing to ask you to tell us something about first aid in your class.
As you know, first aid is of great importance to us students in the daily life, yet fewer of us know much about it, and we dare not think what will happen in the case of a major emergency. So we'd appreciate it if you could give us some lectures about it. We can surely benefit a great deal from your lectures.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
When my mother went to get the wallet, she was so relieved and grateful, feeling that she was so lucky to get the wallet back. She shook hands with the two young people, telling them that the wallet was very important to her, her birthday gift from my father. The two people were happy to give the wallet to my mother. Holding the wallet, my mother just stood still, tears of gratitude welling up in her eyes. She was determined to express her sincere thanks to them for their efforts to help get her wallet back.
She intended to give them some money as an expression of gratitude, but they refused. The two young people said that they were just glad to offer my mother help. From their point of view, there was nothing more exciting than helping my mother to get the precious wallet back. I think they were naturally honest, considerate and helpful. They made us realize that we were surrounded with kindness and we decided to spread kindness to others who are in need. In this way, we could make our world a much better place to live in.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装)it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that "the production, distribution, and use of products—as well as management of the resulting waste—all result in greenhouse gas release." Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start—for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.
In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place
Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫)that encased your television
From the governments' point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.
1. By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that .
A.the weight of e-goods is rather small
B.e-waste deserves to be made good use of
C.natural minerals contain more precious metals
D.the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste
2. The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended .
A.from producers to governments B.from governments to producers
C.from individuals to distributors D.from distributors to governments
3. What does the passage mainly talk about
A.The increase in e-waste. B.The creation of e-waste.
C.The seriousness of e-waste. D.The management of e-waste
B
In a natural disaster —a hurricane, floods tornado, volcanic eruption, or other calamity—minutes and even seconds of warning can be the difference between life and death. Because of this scientists and government officials are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how best to analyze and communicate this information once it is obtained. The goal is to put technology to effective use in saving lives and property when nature unleashes its power with devastating results.
On September 29,1998,Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi. Mississippi, after devastating Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean with torrential rains and winds up to 160 km/h (100 mph). Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United Statest although hundreds died in the Caribbean.
This was a very different outcome from 1900, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6, 000 people. Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances at either end of the 20th century residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance of Georges's approach, allowing for extensive safety precautions.
At the same lime that people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana. 120 km to the west. were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. Because much of New Orleans lies below sea levels the city is at risk for flooding. In addition, because New Orleans has a large population in vulnerable locations, emergency management officials must begin evacuations(撤退) well before a storm strikes. But evacuation costs money: Businesses closer tourists leaver and citizens take precautionary measures. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city's preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million. After the full fury of Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.
The differing views on the early warnings for Hurricane (reorgus illustrate some of the complexities involved in predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is more than just forecasting the future with advanced technology—it is also a process of providing scientific information to the government officials and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions.
In general, the process has three phases. First, there is the challenge of forecasting the event itself. In the case of Georges, scientists worked to predict the future direction and strength of the hurricane days in advance.
A second important challenge is communicating the forecast to decision-makers. Because forecasts are always uncertain, a central factor in disaster predictions is communicating this uncertainty. Uncertainty is usually described in terms of odds or probabilities much like daily weather forecasts. The media plays an important role in communicating predictions and their uncertainty to the public.
The third part of the process is the use of predictive information by decision makers. Even the most accurate information is of little value if the decision maker does not use it appropriately, for example in deciding whether to order an evacuation. If there is a breakdown in any of these three phases of prediction, the result is increased danger and a higher risk of loss of life.
1.The underlined word "calamity" refers to _______.
A.nature B.thunderstorms C.disaster D.dangers
2.According to the passage, the purpose of disaster prediction is to ________.
A.demonstrate the power of advanced technology
B.bring out the truth between life and death
C.prevent such natural disasters from happening
D.reduce human casualties and loss of property
3.Which of the following areas suffered the most severe damage
A.Biloxi, Mississippi. B.Gulf Coast of US.
C.Galveston,Texas. D.New Orleans.
4.The city residents of New Orleans were unsatisfied because _______.
A.they underwent a heavy hurricane attack
B.the forecast hurricane did not hit the city
C.the hurricane warning arrived rather late
D.its precautionary measures were wasted
C
Put your car keys away and forget about your travel pass—it's time to do a bit of walking.
National Walking Month is organized every May by Living Streets, an organization that campaigns for the rights and the needs of pedestrians—indeed, the organization was previously known as the Pedcstrians, Association. The association's aim is to make streets safe, attractive and enjoyable spaces for people to live, work, shop and play. By putting people (rather than vehicles) first. Living Streets wants to create streets and spaces where people feel happier, healthier and more sociable.
The annual campaign gives participants a great opportunity to experience the many virtues of walking. These include the physical health benefits of becoming fitter; the environmental advantages of not using vehicles; the delight of local discoveries —seeing more of your local area on foot; the enjoyment of walking with other people, whether family, friends or work colleagues and finally the stress relief that comes from walking- walking can clear your head.
Walk to School Week. 19 to 24 May, is part of the month's activities and its aim is to encourage parents to send children to school on foot, rather than take them in the car or let them use public transport. The movement was started in 1995 with only five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take pari.
Similarly, there is Walk to Work Week. 12 to 16 May, where grown-ups are encouraged to walk. In the morning, getting off the bus a stop early or parking a few streets away is a good way to add more steps to the daily total. And during the working day, rather than having lunch at the desks or in the canteen, take a walk and get some fresh air. Walk home with your workmates and chat away about everything under the sun but work!
1.Living Streets is working to _______.
A.help people living in the street
B.build safer walkways for pedestrians
C.help people walk in the street and enjoy life
D.make people aware of environmental pollution
2.Paragraph 3 is intended to show that walking is _______.
A.so interesting B.very relaxing C.perfectly safe D.highly beneficial
3.Walk to School Week __________.
A.is organized by the government B.is held before Walk to Work Week
C.has developed rapidly over the last 20 years D.encourages students to walk to school alone
4.What's the text mainly about
A.The Pedestrians' Association. B.A nationwide health movement.
C.The influence of walking on life. D.National Walking Month's history.
D
The fourth round of heavy smog that hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.
Pan Shiyi, a real estate developer, said he is planning to propose a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative of the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 am. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents, welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo, China's Twitter.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze (雾霾) reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory (呼吸) illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors about all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection, so some people have turned to gas masks and respirators (呼吸器).
The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is adequate wind to clear it away. Some critics have pointed fingers at China's top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies' outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard, high-polluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile, concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace. If Pan's proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for "car-free days" in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
1.Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey
A.To investigate (调查) the public's opinions on pollution.
B.To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather.
C.To call on more people to support his proposal.
D.To collect supporting evidences for his proposal.
2.What can we learn from the passage
A.People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.
B.Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses.
C.Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases.
D.Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather.
3.Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to ________.
A.suggest Beijing should learn from other countries.
B.let people know many places have this problem.
C.tell people the situation in Britain is worse.
D.call on the government to pass Britain's Clean Air Act.
4.What's the best title for this passage
A.The Use of Gas Masks and Respirators
B.Beijingers Call for a Clean Air Act
C.Effective Protection for Blue Sky
D.The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most countries have their own breakfast traditions. For example, a breakfast containing bread, eggs, and coffee, is common in the United States. However, people in Japan usually have white rice and vegetable soup for breakfast. ①___________ In fact, in some Asian countries, breakfast doesn't usually mean eating foods that are different from any other meals.
European countries have their own breakfast traditions too. In Italy, people usually just eat bread and coffee. ②___________ And an "English breakfast" means eggs, salted meat, vegetables or fruit, and bread. It is a very large meal.
In Africa, breakfast is very different across the continent. ③___________ In Nigeria, for example, many different tribes(部落) eat different foods for breakfast. One common thing is ground beans. In parts of Nigeria, people make a round cake from beans and cook it in oil. In other parts of Nigeria, people drink coffee. They also eat bread with butter or chocolate on it, along with fresh fruit.
④___________ People in Costa Rica, Central America have a meal called gallo pinto for breakfast. Gallo pinto is Spanish for "spotted rooster," but the breakfast food is not a rooster or a chicken! Gallo pinto is just rice and beans. It also uses a special sweet and spicy(辛辣 的) liquid called Lizano Sauce, which is a special part of the Costa Rican breakfast. People eat different versions of this same food in other Central American countries.
⑤___________ But all of them find ways to eat the things that will be healthy for them.
A. But these meals can be different.
B. In other parts of Africa, people drink coffee.
C. This is very similar to other meals in the day.
D. In the Americas, the breakfast meal is different too.
E. Each country across the world has a different breakfast.
F. In Germany, people cat different cold meats and special bread rolls.
G. What people have for breakfast differs a lot even within the same country.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
"I just don't know what my purpose, what my mission in this life is!" a friend wrote me in an e-mail recently. For some reason her letter 1 an old memory in me so I wrote her back and 2 this with her.
When I was a young Dad, my family was 3 just to get by. I was getting a few days work here and there as a substitute teacher. I was teaching every subject and every grade from kindergarten to seniors in high school. Then near the 4 of the school year I got 5 at the last second to teach at a local grade school. I got there late worrying about the summer to come and the 6 of work it would bring. The class I got had a bad case of summer break 7 too. They were bouncing off their seats, talking in class, and not paying attention to anything I said. Finally, it was time for a rest and I was as happy as they were to get outside the 8 classroom. I watched them run and play and hoped it would 9 them out so the afternoon wouldn't be as 10 as the morning had been on me. It was then, however, that a little girl ran up to me. She had a handful of freshly 11 wild flowers. She reached a Daisy out to me and said, "This is for you, Mr. Mazzella." In that second I felt a 12 I hadn't felt all day. I smiled and thanked her for her gift as she skipped happily away.
In that instant the little girl had completed a part of her 13 here on Earth. In that second she had completed a moment of her mission. The 14 is that every single thing we do is a part of our purpose here. Every single thing we do is a part of our 15 . May all your days then be full of life, learning, and love.
1.A.lost B.awakened C.committed D.found
2.A.shared B.told C.discussed D.admitted
3.A.living B.keeping C.struggling D.fighting
4.A.beginning B.middle C.end D.last
5.A.brought in B.turned in C.taken in D.called in
6.A.salary B.lack C.load D.increase
7.A.fever B.worry C.sadness D.happiness
8.A.cold B.big C.small D.hot
9.A.wear B.drive C.put D.let
10.A.boring B.exciting C.tough D.easy
11.A.bought B.picked C.chosen D.stolen
12.A.joy B.sorrow C.satisfaction D.pity
13.A.life B.dream C.task D.purpose
14.A.secret B.truth C.plan D.reason
15.A.belief B.mission C.life D.requirement
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week my friend phoned me and we ①__________(decide) to go on a trip to Germany. It was going to be an adventure!
I took a car ②__________my town to Paris. When I arrived in Paris, after getting a bit ③__________(lose), I eventually found my friend and we were ready to roll! We boarded the train to Heidelberg, Germany and off we went.
I stayed with my friend there, ④__________flat smelt a bit strange but was lovely all the same. For the next five ⑤__________(day), we explored the town and ate a shocking amount of cake. I've never tasted a cheesecake quite as good as German cheesecake.
After five days, we ⑥__________(final) made plans to head home, ⑦__________(stop) off for a day in Paris on the way. Since we hadn't booked a return ticket, the cheapest ⑧__________(choose) was to take a 12-hour coach from Heidelberg to Paris. We just played some card games and chatted and eventually got to Paris. Paris was fantastic and we had a great time ⑨__________(be) tourists taking our big maps wherever we went. In ⑩__________ funny way, I'm glad that our trip was more than an adventure!
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，请用英语给你校外教 Kate 写封信。请她就有关急救方面的常识，给同学们做个讲座。内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 急救的重要性及同学们对其了解情况；
3. 期待回复。
注意：
1. 字数 80 左右；(开头和结尾已给，不计入总字数)
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Kate,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One Saturday afternoon, my mother was driving home from work. On the halfway, she decided to buy some vegetables and fruits at the store near the gas station. After pulling out her credit card to buy them, she put her wallet on the top of the car just for a moment to answer my phone call. After hanging up the phone, she forgot the wallet completely and drove off in a hurry. When arriving home, she realized that she had lost her wallet. I knew that my mother must be extremely sad. The wallet was very important to her, because it was her birthday gift which was given by my father. Thinking that the chance of getting it back was small, I comforted her and offered to buy a new one for her.
My mother couldn't believe her eyes when she found a note on the door. It was from a person who said he and his friend found her wallet a few hours earlier. My mother was so joyfully surprised to learn that Patrick and Catherine saw the wallet in the middle of the road a few blocks from the gas station. They stopped their car to pick it up. It was filled with all the things one usually kept in a wallet, including some bills and other cash. However, there was no phone number. They decided to turn to the police for help. Fortunately, they managed to get an address from my mother's driving license. They realized that the loss of a wallet could cause an unpleasant and upset experience to the owner, who must have been anxious. Without hesitation, they decided to drive to our home to return it.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
When my mother went to get the wallet, she was so relieved and grateful, feeling that she was so lucky to get the wallet back. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She intended to give them some money as an expression of gratitude, but they refused. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.B; 2.B; 3.D
解析：
1.本文为说明文,题材为环境保护类。随着电子数码科技的进步,越来越多的电子垃圾产生了,手机、电脑、个人电子器件等被扔掉的越来越多。这些被扔掉的电子垃圾中含有一些像金银之类的贵重金属,当然也有很多有毒物质。那我们该如何处理这些电子垃圾呢
推理判断题。第二段提到了瑞士的一项研究结果:电子垃圾中贵重金属的含量要比自然界中矿石中贵重金属的含量还要高。由此推断作者旨在说明这些电子垃圾值得被充分利用,故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述:政府要制定相关法律,对制造商提出明确的责任要求。由此推断这份责任应该是从政府开始延伸到制造商身上,故选B项。
3.主旨大意题。本文第一段提出了越来越严重的电子垃圾污染问题,后面就如何处理这些垃圾提出了一些建议,也明确了该问题所涉及各方应负的责任,由此推断出本文的主题应该是D项:电子垃圾的处理。
B
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据该词所在句子可知calamity应该与前面的disaster同义。
2.细节理解题。灾害预报的目的可以在第一段最后一句中找到:"The goal is to put technology to effective use in saving lives and property when nature unleashes its power with devastating results. "。A、B两项的内容不符合事实,C项说是预防灾害的发生,现在实际上还做不到。D项的内容较接近原文的意思。
3.细节理解题。试题问哪个地方遭受过最严重的灾害。A、B两项所说的地方由于有了预报,损失不大。D项是新奥尔良,根本没有遭受灾害。C项所指的地方,1900年在没有得到预报的情况下,突遭飓风,造成6 000多人死亡,因此损失最大。
4.细节理解题。新奥尔良市的人们不太满意的主要原因,根据第四段的内容,不是因为A项(遭受严重飓风袭击), 不是因为B项(飓风没有袭击他们),也不是因为C项(灾害预报来晚了),而是因为D项(他们花费大量资金所作的准备没有用上,白白浪费了)。
C
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.C; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Living Streets, an organization that campaigns for the rights and the needs of pedestrians. 以及Living Streets wants to create streets and spaces where people feel happier, healthier and more sociable.可知, Living Streets是一个致力于让行人享受在街上步行的组织。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段描述步行带来的种种益处可知答案。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的The movement was started in 1995 with only five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take part.可知,步行上学周在过去的20年里发展飞快。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了英国的一项全民健康运动——国家步行月。
D
答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知,潘石屹发起网上调査,是因为他计划向地方政府提交《清洁空气法案》的提议(proposal),首先排除A、B两项;再根据常识判断,网上发起投票调査,是为了收集提议受到支持的证据,使其更具说服力,故答案选D。
2.事实细节题。根据第三段第三句可知选C,雾霾导致呼吸性系统疾病的增长,尤其在老人和儿童中(抵抗力较低的人群)。根据第四段第一句可知A项错误;根据第三段倒数第二句可知B项错误;根据第三段最后一句可知D项错误。
3.推理判断题。根据全文最后一句可推断出,举例是建议北京向英国学习,早日制定《清洁空气法案》。
4.主旨大意题。文章介绍了北京持续出现的雾霾天气导致的严重危害以及网民们呼吁制定《清洁空气法案》,故B项符合文章主旨。
第二节
答案：CFGDE
解析：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各国不同的早餐文化。
1. C根据上一句举日本人的早餐例子和下一句中的in some Asian countries, breakfast doesn't usually mean eating foods that are different from any other meals.可知,此处指:在日本,早餐和其余两顿饭很相似。
2. F本段主要介绍欧洲人的早餐传统。根据前一句和后一句分别介绍意大利人和英国人不同的早餐习惯可知,介绍德国人早餐的F项符合该处语境。
3. G根据接下来介绍尼日利业不同地方的人吃的早餐不一样可知,此处指即使在同一个国家,人们的早餐也有很大不同。
4. D文章第二段介绍欧洲人的早餐传统,第三段介绍非洲人的早餐文化,再根据此处后介绍位于中美洲的哥斯达黎加的早餐情况可知,D项符合该处语境。
5. E通过上文介绍不同国家的早餐文化可知,此处对文章进行总结,故选E项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.C; 5.D; 6.B; 7.A; 8.D; 9.A; 10.C; 11.B; 12.A; 13.D; 14.B; 15.B
解析：1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于某种原因，她的信唤醒了我的旧记忆，所以我给她回信，并与她分享。A. lost丢失；B. awakened唤醒；C. committed承诺，犯罪；D. found发现。根据" an old memory in me so I wrote her back"可知，朋友的信唤醒了作者的旧记忆。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于某种原因，她的信唤醒了我的旧记忆，所以我给她回信，并与她分享。A. shared分享；B. told告诉；C. discussed讨论；D. admitted认，录取，结合下文讲述的故事可知，作者和朋友分享自己经历的事情，以鼓励她找到生活的目标。故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是一个年轻的父亲时，我的家人只是勉强糊口。 A living生活，居住； B keeping保持；C. truggling挣扎，努力；D. fighting打架。根据 "just to get by"可知，当时作者家里日子不好过，在努力挣扎。故选C。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在接近学年结束的时候，我在最后一秒被叫到当地一所小学教书。A. beginning开始；B. middle中间；C. end结束；D. last最后。根据"summer break"推知，这是学期末，即结束的时候。故选C。
5.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后在接近学年结束的时候，我在最后一秒被叫到当地一所小学教书。 A brought in引进；B. turned in检举，上交；C. taken in吸收，收留；D. called in请来，找来。根据" to teach at a local grade school"可知，作者在最后一秒被找来去当地一所学校教书。故选D。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很晚才到达那里，担心即将到来的夏天会带来工作的缺乏。A. salary工资；B. lack缺乏；C. load负荷，负载；D. Increase增加。由作者接受到当地一个小学教书推知，夏天工作的机会很少（即缺乏工作），因此他不得不接受这份不太满意的工作。故选B。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所带班级的学生也因暑假而特别兴奋。 A. fever发烧，激动，兴奋；B. worry担心；C. sadness悲伤；D. happiness幸福，快乐。根据" They were bouncing off their seats, talking in class, and not paying attention to anything I said∵呵可知，孩子们变得很兴奋。故选A。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，是休息的时候了，我和他们一样高兴地走出炎热的教室。 A. cold寒冷的；B. big大的；C. small小的；D. hot热的。根据 'summer break和学生的举动推知，教室里很热。故选D。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着他们奔跑、玩耍，希望这样可以耗尽他们的精力，这样下午不会像早上那样艰难了。A. wear穿，戴；B. drive驾驶，驱赶；C .put放；D. let让。根据" I watched them run and play'推知，作者希望这些活动能耗尽孩子们的精力，让他们能好好上课。 wear out"耗尽"，故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看着他们奔跑、玩耍，希望这样可以耗尽他们的精力，这样下午不会像早上那样艰难了。A. boring无聊的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. tough艰难的，棘手的；D. easy容易的。根据"They were bouncing off their seats, talking in class, and not paying attention to anything I said"可知，这时候让孩子们好好上课很艰难，但如果精力耗尽的话，可能下午就没有那么艰难了。故选C。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拿着一把摘来的新鲜野花。A. bought买来的；B. picked被摘下的；C. chosen选择的；D. stolen榆偷来的。结合常识可知，野花是摘来的。故选B。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一瞬间我感受到了一整天都没有感受到的快乐。A. joy快乐；B. sorrow悲伤；C. satisfaction满意；D. pity同情，伶悯。根据" I smiled and thanked her for her gift as she skipped happily away.推知，作者当时感到很快乐。故选A。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一瞬间，小女孩完成了她在世界上的一部分使命。A. life生活，生命；B. dream梦，梦想；C.task任务；D. purpose目的，有价值的事情。呼应上文" I just don' t know what my purpose, what my mission in this life is.！"可知，此处指小女孩对作者做了一件有意义的事情，完成了自己的部分使命。故选D。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实是，我们所做的每一件事都是我们目标的一部分。A. secret秘密；B. truth真相；C. plan计划；D. reason原因。根据" very single thing we do is a part of our purpose here"可知，这是作者经过这件事明白的人生真理。故选B。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所做的每件事都是我们使命的一部分。A. belief信念；B. mission使命；C. life生命，生活；D. requirement要求。呼应上文 "I just don't know what my purpose, what my mission in this life is！"此处指我们所做的每件小事都是我们使命的一部分。故选B。
第二节
答案：decided; from; lost; whose; days; finally; stopping; choice; being; a
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了作者和朋友去德国旅游,并讲述了他们在德国的旅游体验。
1.decided考查谓语动词。根据时间状语"Last week"可知,时态应为一般过去时,且句子的主语we与decide之间为主动关系,故填decided。
2.from 考査介词。考查介词短语from... to...,意为"从…… 到 "。故填from。
3.lost考査词性转换。该句中getting为系动词,故其后接lose的形容词形式lost,意为"迷路的",故填lost。英语中常用的表达 "迷路"的短语有:be/get lost或lose one's way，该题符合第一种情况。
4. whose考査代词。分析句子可知,此处flat与前半句中的there为从属关系,故由whose来引导该定语从句。
5. days考查名词复数。数字five后接可数名词的复数形式。故填days。
6. finally考査副词。副词修饰谓语动词made。故填finally。
7. stopping考査非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句中stop off与主语we之间为主动关系，故用现在分词在句中作状语。
8. choice考査词性转换。the cheapest后接名词在句中充当主语, 故填choice。
9. being考査非谓语动词。have a good/great time后接动名词作宾语,故填being。
10. a考査冠词。固定短语in a...way意为"以一种……的方式",故填a。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Kate,
My name is Li Hua, one student of your class. I am writing to ask you to tell us something about first aid in your class.
As you know, first aid is of great importance to us students in the daily life, yet fewer of us know much about it, and we dare not think what will happen in the case of a major emergency. So we'd appreciate it if you could give us some lectures about it. We can surely benefit a great deal from your lectures.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
When my mother went to get the wallet, she was so relieved and grateful, feeling that she was so lucky to get the wallet back. She shook hands with the two young people, telling them that the wallet was very important to her, her birthday gift from my father. The two people were happy to give the wallet to my mother. Holding the wallet, my mother just stood still, tears of gratitude welling up in her eyes. She was determined to express her sincere thanks to them for their efforts to help get her wallet back.
She intended to give them some money as an expression of gratitude, but they refused. The two young people said that they were just glad to offer my mother help. From their point of view, there was nothing more exciting than helping my mother to get the precious wallet back. I think they were naturally honest, considerate and helpful. They made us realize that we were surrounded with kindness and we decided to spread kindness to others who are in need. In this way, we could make our world a much better place to live in.