必修1 Unit 1 Friendship grammar

课件39张PPT。Unit 1
Friendship
Learning about languageAnne’s sister, Margot, was very ______
that the family had to move. However,
she knew that she had to __________ all
the difficulties with her family. She
found it difficult to settle and __________
in the hiding place, because she was
_______________ whether they would
be discovered. concerned about upset go throughcalm downComplete this passage with some
of the words and phrases above. She suffered from loneliness, but she had
to learn to like it there. What she really
missed was going _________ walking the
dog for her neighbour. It was such fun to
watch it run ______ in the park. She
wished she could tell her neighbour
__________ that she was sorry not to be
able to do it any longer, but she knew
that was too dangerous!outdoorslooseface to face When the man saw the car accident
on the highway, he stopped __________
offer help.
2. “How can Linda recover from her
illness in this room when it’s so dirty
and _____? It will only make her worse.”
said the doctor.3 Complete the sentences using words
and expressions from the text. in order todusty3. After Peter died, George _________
the story of their friendship in a book.
4. When the street lights go on _______,
they make a beautiful picture, so
different from the daytime.
5. Good friends do not _______ what
they do for each other; instead they
offer help when it is needed.set downat duskadd up6. Although Tim and Mike come from
________ different backgrounds,
they became close friends.
7. Please draw the ________; the
sunlight is too bright.
8. “Sorry, I didn’t break the plate
_____________.”
“ It’s OK. Don’t worry about it.” entirelycurtainson purposeGrammarDirect and Indirect Speech Ⅰ直接引语:直接引用别人的话, 把它放在引号内。
(direct speech)
间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话。
(indirect speech)I am a beautiful girl.She said that she was a beautiful girl.What did the girl say?She said ：“ I am a beautiful girl.”陈述句
用连词that引导, that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替, 注意, 可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可直接说 told that。(2)时态的变化(2). 主句谓语动词为一般过去时的时候，从句谓语动词要发生相应的变化。一般现在时
现在进行时
现在完成时
现在完成进行时
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
一般将来时一般过去时
过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去完成时过去将来时谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1. 直接引语表述的是客观真理, 变为间接
引语时, 时态不变。The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”
The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前
和说话时同样有效, 变间接引语时,
时态可不变。The children said, “We love this game.”The children told us that they love
that game.She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.3. 主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态,
在引述时, 时态不变。She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.”4.经常的习惯。
He said to the doctor, “ I smoke two packs every day.”He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.5. 历史事件。
The teacher said ,” World War II ended in 1945.”The teacher said that World War II ended in 1945.”
6.部分情态动词，如must, ought to, used to, had better 等。
She said to me,” You must hurry up.”She said that I must hurry up.(3)代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等的变化。
this
these
now
ago
today
tomorrow
the day after tomorrow
yesterday
last night
the day before yesterday
go
bring
herethat/thisthose/thesethenbeforethat day/todaythe next dayin two days’ timethe day beforethe night beforetwo days beforecome /gobring/ takethere/here陈述句解题步骤:“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat (I don’t like computers.)didn’tsheSarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.间接引语用连词whether或if引导, 原
主句中谓语动词said要改为asked
(me/him/us等), 语序是陈述句的语序。一般疑问句Tom said, “Do you have any difficulty
with English?”
Tom asked (me) whether/if I had any
difficulty with English.
He said, “You are interested in English,
aren’t you?”
He asked whether I was interested in English. 一般疑问句解题步骤:
Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?
( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.(it is easy to improve the
condition of the soil.)askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,
主句的谓语动词用ask (sb.) 来表达,
语序改为陈述句语序。特殊疑问句He said to me, “Where are you from?”
He asked me where I was from.
He asked us, “How many factories are
there in your country?”
He asked us how many factories there
were in our country. 特殊疑问句解题步骤：
When do you harvest the wheat?
( They asked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheat(you harvest the wheat.)heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.He asked, “Do you speak English or
Chinese?”
He asked me whether I spoke English
or Chinese.
I asked, “Will you take a bus or on foot?”
I asked him whether he would take a bus
or on foot. 用whether…or…表达(不用if/either…or…)选择疑问句1. Jack said to me, “You look worried
today.”
Jack told me that ___ worried ___.
A. he looks…today
B. you look…today
C. we looked…that day
D. I looked…that dayD Choose the best answer.2. We said to her, “They’re walking
through the street now.”
We told her that ____ through the
street ___.
A. we were walking…then
B. you are walking…now
C. they were walking…then
D. they walking…now C 3. Mr. Black said, “I have walked a
long way this week.”
Mr. Black said that ___ a long way ___.
A. I had walked…last week
B. he had walked…that week
C. I walked…last week
D. he has walked…this weekB 4. The man thought, “I shall take it
back tomorrow.”
The man thought that ____ take it
back ____.
A. I shall…tomorrow
B. I shall…the next day
C. he should…tomorrow
D. he would…the next day D 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid
to leave this house ?”
They asked us ____ afraid to leave
_____ house.
A. that were we…this
B. that we were…that
C. if were we …this
D. if we were…thatD 6. Jane said, “What did he hear about
a week ago?”
Jane asked ____ about _____.
A. that he heard…a week ago
B. what he had heard…the week before
C. what he had herd…a week ago
D. if he heard…the week agoB 7. She asked, “Whose house will he
break into next time?”
She asked whose house ____ break
into _____.
A. will he…next time
B. would he…the next time
C. he would…the next time
D. he will…next time C 8. Jack said to her, “Where do you
spend your holidays?”
Jack asked her where ____ holidays.
A. she spent her
B. you spend your
C. she spend her
D. you spent yourA 9. Black asked me, “Why haven’t
you left here yet?”
Black asked me why ____ yet.
A. I hadn’t left there
B. I haven’t left here
C. hadn’t I left there
D. haven’t I left here A 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the
sun rise in the east?”
The teacher asked her ___ the
sun ___ in the east.
A. if…rise
B. if…rises
C. whether…rose
D. whether did …riseB HomeworkReview the rules of direct
speech and indirect speech.Thank You!