外研版必修三 Module 1 Europe 单元测试（含答案无听力）
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| 名称 | 外研版必修三 Module 1 Europe 单元测试（含答案无听力） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-09-21 12:53:19 | ||
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Module 1 Europe 基础夯实—2022-2023学年高一英语外研版必修三单元测试
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Italy adopted a new law to cut down food waste—the second such law in Europe, joining France's. So what's the United States doing with the 30 percent of its food that is simply thrown away Italy's Senate gave final approval (批准) to encourage businesses, shops and restaurants to donate their unused food to charities. That's a practice that historically hasn't been a part of Italian culture. Italy discards more than 17 percent of its food every year.
Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Agriculture Minister Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica, "With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of recovering a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it." The U. S. Agriculture Department's Economic Research Service says that more than 30 percent of the U. S. food supply is wasted—133 billion pounds of it every year, equal to $161 billion. "In a world full of hunger and changeable food prices, these statistics(统计数字) are more than just appalling," according to the North American office of the U.N. Environment Program. "More surprisingly, most of the waste food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families," the Agriculture Department says.
Several efforts are under way in some departments. The Agriculture Department and the Environmental Protection Agency, for example, set a goal last year of cutting what they called "food loss" in half by 2030. The idea is to improve product development, storage, marketing and cooking methods and recycle food waste to feed animals.
Meanwhile, legislation(立法) in both houses of Congress aims at reducing food waste and pays more attention to educating buyers on what different labels (标签) really mean so that they don't throw away perfectly good food. Research by the Harvard Food Law and Policy Clinic found that 45 percent of all food waste happens in the home, for buyers, confusion over the importance of date labels—which aren't based on any science and aren't controlled by the government.
1.What does Maurizio Martina think of Italy's level of food waste
A.It has become very serious.
B.It is not as serious as America's.
C.It has been successfully controlled in recent years.
D.It is the most serious among all European countries.
2.What does the underlined word "appalling" in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A.Interesting. B.Exciting. C.Encouraging. D.Shocking.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Most food waste happens in restaurants.
B.Some buyers don't get into the habit of saving food.
C.It is the government's duty to control the food waste.
D.Some buyers don't realize the importance of the date labels.
B
The people of Austria call their country Osterreich, which can be translated as "eastern realm. " The origin of the name goes back to the 10th century, when Austria was an eastern border area of the Holy Roman Empire. From this early beginning, Austria itself grew into a great empire. During the 16th century, its emperor was the ruler of about ten countries. Today Austria is a small but rich nation in Central Europe.
Religious holidays and other festivals are joyful occasions in Austria. In some religions, for example, there is an exciting festival for scaring away the winter. Weddings are very special occasions in the villages. These are days of much singing and dancing. One of the most exciting dances to watch is the Schuhplattler. In this dance the men slap(拍打) their bodies while the girls twirl(旋转) around them in their bright dresses. They dance to the music of the zither or the violin. The musicians play faster and faster toward the end of the dance until the dancers are out of breath.
A favorite holiday throughout Austria is December 6, or Nikolo Day. This is the day when Saint Nicholas, or Nikolo (Santa Claus),visits Austrian children. The night before, the children always remember to leave their shoes whore Nikolo will find them. In the morning the good children find presents in their shoes, but the had children find only pieces of coal and potatoes. Krampus, a black-faced monster who is half human and often half horse, supposed to accompany Saint Nicholas on his travels. Bad children are especially afraid of Krampus. It is said that he carries a broom to hit very bad boys and girls.
In Austria, there are three music festivals each year that attract thousands of music lovers from all over the world. Tickets to operas, concerts, and plays in Austria are often sold out weeks in advance. Even rehearsals(排练) are usually well attended by students. When the old Vienna Opera House was bombed during World War Ⅱ, thousands of desperately poor Austrians contributed small amounts of money to repair the building.
1.Austria was named Osterreich according to its _____.
A.tradition B.location C.population D.expansion
2.We know from the text that the Schuhplattler is performed ________.
A.by both men and women B.along with religious music
C.at the beginning of the winter D.with dancers playing instruments
3.On Nikolo Day, _______.
A.kids always hide their shoes B.kids should behave themselves
C.Nikolo only gives gifts to good children D.Nikolo plays hide-and-seek with children
4.The last paragraph mainly shows _______.
A.Austrians' love of music B.the attractiveness of music
C.the influence of music on Austria D.three world famous music festivals
C
The Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget (1896 — 1980) was the first scientist to make systematic studies of how children learn. Among his many books are The Language and Thought of the Child', published in 1923, and 'The Origins of Intelligence in Children' in 1952.
Piaget was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland, on Aug. 9, 1896. By age 10 he had already published an article on zoology, the scientific study of animals and their behaviour, which was his first scientific interest. He studied zoology and philosophy at the University of Neuchatel and earned his doctorate(博士学位) in 1918. In philosophy he had studied episte-mology, the theory of knowledge. I le decided to combine this field with his background in biology and take up psychology. He went to Zurich to study under Carl Jung and Eugen Bleuler. This was followed by two years of work at the Sorbonne in Paris, beginning in 1919.
While in Paris Piaget invented and provided reading tests for schoolchildren. He became extremely interested in the errors they made. This led him to explore their reasoning processes. By 1921 he began to publish his findings. From 1925 until 1929 he was professor of philosophy at the University of Neuchatel. In 1929 he became professor or psychology at the University of Geneva. In 1955 Piaget founded the International Center of Genetic Epistemology in Geneva.
Piaget believed children grow mentally by taking the simple concepts they learn early on and combining them into more advanced ones. He described four stages of development through which all individuals pass. In the sensorimotor stage children become aware of themselves as separate beings in the world. They try to master their reflexes, the natural ability to react quickly and well to sudden situations, and they experiment all the time. The preoperational stage, from about 2 to 7 years, is marked by learning language. Children are able to handle words mentally as they handled objects in the previous stage. In the concrete operational stage, from 7 until 12,children begin to classify objects by their similarity or difference. This is the beginning of logic. The last stage is the period of formal operations, which lasts into adulthood. It becomes possible to make hypotheses(假设) and to master abstract ideas. Individuals can relate their thinking to that of others.
1. Which is the correct order of the events described in the text
a. Piaget earned his doctorate.
b. Piaget began working at the Sorbonne in Paris.
c. Piaget published 'The Language and Thought of the Child'.
d. Piaget set up the International Center of Genetic Epis temology.
e. Piaget became professor of psychology at the University of Geneva.
A.a,b,c,e,d B.a,b,c,d,e C.b,a,c,e,d D.b,c,a,d,e
2.The underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A.children's natural abilities B.all individuals
C.stages of development D.simple concepts
3.According to Piaget, children start to divide things into different types in ________.
A.the sensorimotor stage B.the preoperational stage
C.the concrete operational stage D.the formal operational stage
4.The text is mainly an introduction to __________.
A.a psychologist B.stages of learning
C.developmental psychology D.a study about how children learn
D
Last year, I took a sightseeing trip to Washington, DC. I heard a voice say, "Can you help me " When I turned around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended. Immediately, I pulled out all of my change and placed it on her hand without even looking at her. But the blind woman smiled and said, "I don't want your money. I just need help finding the post office."
In an instant, I realized what I had done. I acted with prejudice―I judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to be. I hated what I saw in myself.
The thing I had forgotten about myself is that I am an immigrant. I left Honduras and arrived in the US at the age of 15.I started my new life with two suitcases, my brother and sister. Through the years, I have been a doorkeeper, cashier and pizza delivery driver among many other humble(卑微的) jobs, and eventually I became a network engineer.
In my own life, I have experienced prejudice. I remember a time―at the age of 17―when I was a busboy, I heard a father tell his little boy that if he did not do well in school, he would end up like me.
But now, living in my American middle-class lifestyle, it is too easy to forget my past, to forget who I am, where I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to be going. That blind woman on the streets cured me of my blindness. She reminded me of my belief in humility(谦虚).By the way, I helped that lady to the post office. I hope to thank her for the priceless lesson.
1.How did the writer give the blind woman money
A.In a modest way. B.In a polite way.
C.In a painful way. D.In an impatient way.
2.According to the text, the writer __________.
A.still lives a poor life B.was born in Honduras
C.was busy with his work D.was a native of Washington DC
3.The author wants to tell us tlirough the passage mainly that one should _____.
A.be nice to the elderly and the disabled B.try to experience different kinds of culture
C.treat others equally with love and respect D.think about one's past as often as possible
4.What would be the best title of the text
A.A priceless lesson B.An act of prejudice
C.A sightseeing trip D.A humble moment
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The U.S. government stop education official wants schools to do a better job teaching students whose first language is not English. ①__________ That is because one in every 10 U.S. students from kindergarten to 12th grade are English learners. Most English learners come from a country where they speak another language, or have parents from a non-English-speaking country.
②__________ That's what the U. S. Education Secretary John King said. He noted Spanish-speaking students are graduating from high school and attending college at higher rates than ever before. "But in too many places across the country, English learners get less access to good teachers, less access to good coursework, and less access to what they need to get success," King said.
Two recent studies found English learners do better if they attend classes that use both English and the students' native language. Kelly Gonez is a policy adviser at the Department of Education. She said such programs are still not offered by most schools teaching English learners.
③__________Gonez said some school districts are hiring teachers from Spain and China. They are trying to make up for a lack of teachers in the United States who can offer teaching in two languages. ④__________ In New York City,for example, the city's Department of Education says its students speak a total of 180 different languages. About sixty percent are Spanish speakers, and another 14 percent are Chinese speakers.
⑤__________ But she said schools can get textbooks in many more languages than just Spanish and Chinese.
A. It is very important.
B. Many languages are spoken in the U.S.
C. There has been some progress in recent years.
D. Spanish-speaking students are good at studying.
E. But such programs are not always easy to set up.
F. Gonez said that it may be hard to find such teachers.
G. One problem is finding enough teachers who can do that.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On 10 Oct. 2020, Special Olympics athlete Chris Nikic crossed the finish line to become the first person with Down syndrome(唐氏综合征) to become an ironman
Nikic 1 a 2.4-mile swim, a 112-mile bike ride and a, 262-mile marathon run in 16hours 46 minutes and 9 seconds -14 minutes under the 17-hour cutoff time. Nikic fell off his bike and was 2 by ants at a nutrition stop, but he pushed on to 3 the competition
Ironman goal set and achieve, "said Nikic on social media. " Time to set a 4 and bigger goal for 2021.
"We are beyond inspired, and your achievement is a 5 moment in Ironman history that can never be 6 away from you, " the Ironman Triathlon organization said in a post
Nikic and his father Nik developed the "One percent better challenge"to stay 7 during training. The idea is to promote Down syndrome 8 while achieving 1% 9 each day.
"To Nikic, this 10 was more than just a finish line and celebration of 11 , Nik said. "ironman has served as his 12 to become one step closer to his goal of living a life of inclusion and leadership.
After his record-setting achievement, Nikic will 13 competing in the 2022 Special Olympics USA Games and 14 raising money for Special Olympics, and Down syndrome through his platform.
"I achieved my goal and now I want to. 15 others like me, " he said.
1. A completed B.organized C. lasted D.tolerated
2. A. surrounded B. attacked C. approached D delayed
3. A. finish B. register C. quit D. organize
4. A. final B. clear C. common D.new
5. A. magical B. perfect C. temporary D. historical
6. A. broken B. kept C. torn D. taken
7. A. motivated B. rewarded C. delighted D. concerned
8. A. culture B. awareness C independence D. improvement
9.A. result B. effect C. independence D.improvenen
10.A. experience B. struggle C. race D. effort
11. A. reputation B. wealth C. love D. victory
12. A. platform B. base C. potential D. desire
13. A. deal with B. focus on C. contribute to D. set about
14. A carefully B. actively C. gradually D. bravely
15. A. thank B. admire C approve D. help
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We live in a small town, ①________ is ②________ (situate) on a river bank. Our town is famous ③________ its cultural atmosphere and its beautiful scenery. Every year a large number of tourists come to visit it. ④________ terms of achievement, our town is great, beyond ⑤________ (recognize). Because of the application of science and technology, our town is improving little ⑥________ little. Several public schools ⑦________ (belong) to the local government has been set up since 1980. ⑧________ (compare) with the past, more children are receiving modern education. On ⑨________ other hand, more adults are updating their knowledge to keep pace with the development of society. And the population of the town is twice ⑩________ large as 1980.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍活动安排；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Long ago, there was a big apple tree. A little boy loved to come and play around it every day. He climbed to the top of the tree, ate the apples, and took a nap under the shadow... He loved the tree and the tree also enjoyed playing with him.
As time went by, the little boy grew up and he no longer played around the tree.
One day, the boy came back to the tree, appearing sad. "Come and play with me," the tree asked the boy gently.
"I am no longer a kid; I won't play around trees anymore," the boy replied. "I want toys. I need money to buy them."
"Sorry, but I don't have money. However, you can pick all my apples and sell them. Then, you will have money." The boy was so excited that he picked all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy didn't come back after that.
The tree was upset.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so joyful. "Come and play with me," the tree said.
"I don't have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me " "Sorry, I don't have a house. But you can cut off my branches to build your house." So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left with delight.
The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy didn't appear since then. The tree was again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was delighted. "Come and play with me!" the tree requested.
"I am sad and becoming old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat " "Use my trunk to build the boat. You can sail and be happy." So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and did not show up for a long time.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Many years later, the boy finally returned.
The apple tree is our mother.
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.ADD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Agriculture Minister Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica, "With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of recovering a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it."(农业部长Maurizio Martina称意大利的食物浪费水平令人无法接受,他对《共和报》说:"有了这项法律,我们离收回100万吨食物并将其提供给有需要的人的目标越来越近。")可知,Maurizio Martina认为意大利的粮食浪费的现象很严重。故选A项。文中说明了意大利食物浪费的严重性,但没有和欧洲的其他国家以及美国进行对比,故B项和D项不选,C项在文中无相关信息。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词前提及的数据以及下文"More surprisingly, most of the waste food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families," the Agriculture Department says.(农业部说:"更令人惊讶的是,大部分被浪费的食物都是完全健康的食物,这些食物本可以帮助养活贫困家庭。")可推断,此处的"appalling"应是"令人震惊的"的意思。故选D项。A项"有趣的",B项"令人兴奋的"和C项"鼓舞人心的"均不符合题意。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知哈佛食品法律和政策诊所研究发现,45%的食物浪费发生在家里,因为购买者对日期标签的重要性感到困惑——这没有任何科学依据,也不受政府的控制。由此可推断,一些消费者不知道食物有效期也是造成浪费的重要原因。故选D项。A项"大部分食物浪费发生在餐馆"与文意不符;B项"一些购买者没有养成节约食物的习惯"在文中没有相关信息;C项"控制食品浪费是政府的责任"的表述过于片面,故不选。
B
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的... "eastern realm. " The origin of the name goes back to the 10th century, when Austria was an eastern border area of the Holy Roman Empire. 可知,由于奥地利的地理位置——位于神圣罗马帝国的东部边界,奥地利人称自己的国家为Osterreich,意为"东部王国"。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的In this dance the men slap their bodies while the girls twirl around them in their bright dresses.可知答案。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的In the morning the good children find presents in their shoes, but the bad children find only pieces of coal and potatoes.可知,只有好孩子才会收到圣诞老人送的礼物。
4.段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知,奧地利每年都举办5个音乐节、音乐演出的门票非常紧俏、奥地利人民即使生活困顿也要节衣缩食重建剧院,这些都反映出了奥地利人民对音乐的热爱。
C
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章内容可知,a,b,c,d,e项描述的事件分别发生在1918年、1919年、1923年、1955年和1929年。故选A项。
2.篇章结构题。画线单词所在的句子描述了孩子在智力方面的发展过程—先掌握一些简单的概念,之后再将其融入到更加复杂的概念中。them指代的是其前提到的simple concepts。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的In the concrete operational stage... children begin to classify objects by their similarity or difference.可知答案。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了瑞士心理学家让 皮亚杰,包括其作品、生平、成就和理论等。
D
答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。依据第一段倒数第二句中"without even looking at her"知道作者当时很不耐烦。
2.细节理解题。依据第三段前两句中"l am an immigrant. I left Honduras and arrived in the US"可以知道答案。
3.写作目的题。作者通过自己的这次经历反省自己:不应该对弱势群体抱有偏见,而应该用爱和尊重平等地对待他人。
4.标题归纳题。那位盲人让我丢掉对弱势群体的偏见,继续坚持谦虚待人的人生信条,这是非常珍贵的教训。
第二节
答案：A; C; G; E; F
解析：
在美国,很多学生的第一语言并不是英语,如果既用英语又用他们的母语给他们上课,可以提高他们的学习成绩。
1. A 根据第一段的"That is because one in every 10 U.S. students from kindergarten to 12th grade are English learners."可知,这样做很重要。
2. C 根据第二段的"He noted Spanish-speaking students are graduating from high school and attending college at higher rates than ever before."可知,在这方面取得了一定的进步。
3.G 根据第三段的"She said such programs are still not offered by most schools teaching English learners."可知应选G,G项的内容是在解释原因。
4. K 根据此空后面的"In New York City, for example, the city's Department of Education says its students speak a total of 180 different languages."可知,这样的项目不容易建立。
5. F 根据下文的"But she said schools can get textbooks in many more languages than just Spanish and Chinese."可知前后是转折关系,应选F。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ABADD 6-10 DABDC 11-15 DABBD
解析：1.【解析】根据上文的 Special Olympics athlete Chris Nikic crossed the finish line可知，他巳经完成了铁人项比赛
2.【解析】根据后面的 by ants at a nutrition stop可知，Nki在营养站从自行车上摔了下来，被蚂蚁袭击
3.【解析】根据前面的 crossed the finish line to become the first person with Down syndrome to become an ironman可知，他完成了比赛。
4.【解析】根据前面的 Ironman goal set and achieve可知，他已经实现了铁人三项的目标，因此现在到了给2021年树立新目标的时候了
5.【解析】根据第一段 Special Olympics athlete Chris Nikic crossed the finish line to become the first person with, Down syndrome to become an:Ironman可知，他是第一个患有唐氏综合征而完成铁人三项比赛的人这是一个历史性的时刻
6.【解析】根据前面的 your achievement. is a historical moment in Ironman history可知，他的成绩和荣誉已经载入史册，无法剥夺。
7.【解析】根据前面的 Nikic and his father Nik developed the" One percent better challenge"可知，为了保持在训练期间的积极性，Nkc和他的父亲Nik开发了"百分之一更好的挑战
8.【解析】与前面的the：" One percent better challenge"呼应，指这个想法是为了提高人们对唐氏综合征的认识。
9.【解析】与前面的 One percent better challenge呼应，此处指每天提高1%
10.【解析】根据上文的 Niki, completed a24mle swim，， cutoff time可知，对 Niki来说，这场比赛不仅仅是一场终点线和胜利的庆祝
11.【解析】与上文的 crossed the finish line to become the first, person with Down syndrome. to become an Ironman和前面的 celebration呼应，指胜利的庆祝
12.【解析】根据下文的 raising money for Special Olympics, and Down syndrome. through his platform可知， Ironman作为他的平台，使他朝着过一种包容和领导生活的目标又迈进了一步13.【解析】与前面的 record-setting achievement呼应，在取得创纪录的成就后， Niki将专注于参加2022年美国特奥会。
14.【解析】根据后面的 raising money for Special Olympics, and Down syndrome through his platform可知，他应该是积极地继续通过他的平台为特奥会唐氏综合征筹款。
15.【解析】与上文的 raising money for Specia Olympics, and Down:syndrome through his platform呼应，他募据的目的是帮助他人。
第二节
答案：1. which2. situated3. for4. In5. recognition6. by7. pared9. the10. as
解析：
1. which which引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语。
2. situated be situated on 坐落于......之上。
3. for be famous for 以......出名。
4. In in terms of 以......出名。
5. recognition beyond recognition 认不出来。
6. by little by little 逐渐地。
7. belonging belong to "属于",无被动语态形式,故用现在分词形式作定语。
8. Compared compared with..."与......相比",在句中作状语。
9. the on the other hand 另一方面。
10. as倍数的表达法为:倍数+ as+形容词原级+ as。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Distinguished guests:
On behalf of our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.
At first, it is of significance to fully understand the school. As scheduled, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our school. Furthermore, our classes are worthy of being attended, because you can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methods. After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special lunch with our students.
As mentioned above, I extremely expect your coming. May you have an unforgettable experience.
第二节
答案：
Many years later, the boy finally returned. Feeling tired, he went to see the apple tree. At the sight of him, the tree said regretfully: "I'm sorry, boy, but now I no longer have anything for you, no apples, no trunk." "It doesn't matter. I have no intention of getting anything from you this time. As you know. I'm getting old and nothing is better than a comfortable place to rest," said the boy. Hearing this, the tree smiled with relief, adding: "My dying stump(树桩) is the right one for you. Please come here and have-a seat." The boy did as told and the tree burst into tears, due to the fact that she could still devote herself to her boy.
The apple tree is our mother. When we are young, she tries her utmost to take care of us and play with us. When we grow up, we leave her for some reason and only come back when necessary or in trouble. But she is always there, waiting for us and ready to offer what she owns without complaint. Never does she ask for rewards. Instead, it is our happiness that she desires. So, try to put ourselves in her shoes and learn to show concern for her.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Italy adopted a new law to cut down food waste—the second such law in Europe, joining France's. So what's the United States doing with the 30 percent of its food that is simply thrown away Italy's Senate gave final approval (批准) to encourage businesses, shops and restaurants to donate their unused food to charities. That's a practice that historically hasn't been a part of Italian culture. Italy discards more than 17 percent of its food every year.
Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Agriculture Minister Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica, "With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of recovering a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it." The U. S. Agriculture Department's Economic Research Service says that more than 30 percent of the U. S. food supply is wasted—133 billion pounds of it every year, equal to $161 billion. "In a world full of hunger and changeable food prices, these statistics(统计数字) are more than just appalling," according to the North American office of the U.N. Environment Program. "More surprisingly, most of the waste food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families," the Agriculture Department says.
Several efforts are under way in some departments. The Agriculture Department and the Environmental Protection Agency, for example, set a goal last year of cutting what they called "food loss" in half by 2030. The idea is to improve product development, storage, marketing and cooking methods and recycle food waste to feed animals.
Meanwhile, legislation(立法) in both houses of Congress aims at reducing food waste and pays more attention to educating buyers on what different labels (标签) really mean so that they don't throw away perfectly good food. Research by the Harvard Food Law and Policy Clinic found that 45 percent of all food waste happens in the home, for buyers, confusion over the importance of date labels—which aren't based on any science and aren't controlled by the government.
1.What does Maurizio Martina think of Italy's level of food waste
A.It has become very serious.
B.It is not as serious as America's.
C.It has been successfully controlled in recent years.
D.It is the most serious among all European countries.
2.What does the underlined word "appalling" in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A.Interesting. B.Exciting. C.Encouraging. D.Shocking.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Most food waste happens in restaurants.
B.Some buyers don't get into the habit of saving food.
C.It is the government's duty to control the food waste.
D.Some buyers don't realize the importance of the date labels.
B
The people of Austria call their country Osterreich, which can be translated as "eastern realm. " The origin of the name goes back to the 10th century, when Austria was an eastern border area of the Holy Roman Empire. From this early beginning, Austria itself grew into a great empire. During the 16th century, its emperor was the ruler of about ten countries. Today Austria is a small but rich nation in Central Europe.
Religious holidays and other festivals are joyful occasions in Austria. In some religions, for example, there is an exciting festival for scaring away the winter. Weddings are very special occasions in the villages. These are days of much singing and dancing. One of the most exciting dances to watch is the Schuhplattler. In this dance the men slap(拍打) their bodies while the girls twirl(旋转) around them in their bright dresses. They dance to the music of the zither or the violin. The musicians play faster and faster toward the end of the dance until the dancers are out of breath.
A favorite holiday throughout Austria is December 6, or Nikolo Day. This is the day when Saint Nicholas, or Nikolo (Santa Claus),visits Austrian children. The night before, the children always remember to leave their shoes whore Nikolo will find them. In the morning the good children find presents in their shoes, but the had children find only pieces of coal and potatoes. Krampus, a black-faced monster who is half human and often half horse, supposed to accompany Saint Nicholas on his travels. Bad children are especially afraid of Krampus. It is said that he carries a broom to hit very bad boys and girls.
In Austria, there are three music festivals each year that attract thousands of music lovers from all over the world. Tickets to operas, concerts, and plays in Austria are often sold out weeks in advance. Even rehearsals(排练) are usually well attended by students. When the old Vienna Opera House was bombed during World War Ⅱ, thousands of desperately poor Austrians contributed small amounts of money to repair the building.
1.Austria was named Osterreich according to its _____.
A.tradition B.location C.population D.expansion
2.We know from the text that the Schuhplattler is performed ________.
A.by both men and women B.along with religious music
C.at the beginning of the winter D.with dancers playing instruments
3.On Nikolo Day, _______.
A.kids always hide their shoes B.kids should behave themselves
C.Nikolo only gives gifts to good children D.Nikolo plays hide-and-seek with children
4.The last paragraph mainly shows _______.
A.Austrians' love of music B.the attractiveness of music
C.the influence of music on Austria D.three world famous music festivals
C
The Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget (1896 — 1980) was the first scientist to make systematic studies of how children learn. Among his many books are The Language and Thought of the Child', published in 1923, and 'The Origins of Intelligence in Children' in 1952.
Piaget was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland, on Aug. 9, 1896. By age 10 he had already published an article on zoology, the scientific study of animals and their behaviour, which was his first scientific interest. He studied zoology and philosophy at the University of Neuchatel and earned his doctorate(博士学位) in 1918. In philosophy he had studied episte-mology, the theory of knowledge. I le decided to combine this field with his background in biology and take up psychology. He went to Zurich to study under Carl Jung and Eugen Bleuler. This was followed by two years of work at the Sorbonne in Paris, beginning in 1919.
While in Paris Piaget invented and provided reading tests for schoolchildren. He became extremely interested in the errors they made. This led him to explore their reasoning processes. By 1921 he began to publish his findings. From 1925 until 1929 he was professor of philosophy at the University of Neuchatel. In 1929 he became professor or psychology at the University of Geneva. In 1955 Piaget founded the International Center of Genetic Epistemology in Geneva.
Piaget believed children grow mentally by taking the simple concepts they learn early on and combining them into more advanced ones. He described four stages of development through which all individuals pass. In the sensorimotor stage children become aware of themselves as separate beings in the world. They try to master their reflexes, the natural ability to react quickly and well to sudden situations, and they experiment all the time. The preoperational stage, from about 2 to 7 years, is marked by learning language. Children are able to handle words mentally as they handled objects in the previous stage. In the concrete operational stage, from 7 until 12,children begin to classify objects by their similarity or difference. This is the beginning of logic. The last stage is the period of formal operations, which lasts into adulthood. It becomes possible to make hypotheses(假设) and to master abstract ideas. Individuals can relate their thinking to that of others.
1. Which is the correct order of the events described in the text
a. Piaget earned his doctorate.
b. Piaget began working at the Sorbonne in Paris.
c. Piaget published 'The Language and Thought of the Child'.
d. Piaget set up the International Center of Genetic Epis temology.
e. Piaget became professor of psychology at the University of Geneva.
A.a,b,c,e,d B.a,b,c,d,e C.b,a,c,e,d D.b,c,a,d,e
2.The underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A.children's natural abilities B.all individuals
C.stages of development D.simple concepts
3.According to Piaget, children start to divide things into different types in ________.
A.the sensorimotor stage B.the preoperational stage
C.the concrete operational stage D.the formal operational stage
4.The text is mainly an introduction to __________.
A.a psychologist B.stages of learning
C.developmental psychology D.a study about how children learn
D
Last year, I took a sightseeing trip to Washington, DC. I heard a voice say, "Can you help me " When I turned around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended. Immediately, I pulled out all of my change and placed it on her hand without even looking at her. But the blind woman smiled and said, "I don't want your money. I just need help finding the post office."
In an instant, I realized what I had done. I acted with prejudice―I judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to be. I hated what I saw in myself.
The thing I had forgotten about myself is that I am an immigrant. I left Honduras and arrived in the US at the age of 15.I started my new life with two suitcases, my brother and sister. Through the years, I have been a doorkeeper, cashier and pizza delivery driver among many other humble(卑微的) jobs, and eventually I became a network engineer.
In my own life, I have experienced prejudice. I remember a time―at the age of 17―when I was a busboy, I heard a father tell his little boy that if he did not do well in school, he would end up like me.
But now, living in my American middle-class lifestyle, it is too easy to forget my past, to forget who I am, where I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to be going. That blind woman on the streets cured me of my blindness. She reminded me of my belief in humility(谦虚).By the way, I helped that lady to the post office. I hope to thank her for the priceless lesson.
1.How did the writer give the blind woman money
A.In a modest way. B.In a polite way.
C.In a painful way. D.In an impatient way.
2.According to the text, the writer __________.
A.still lives a poor life B.was born in Honduras
C.was busy with his work D.was a native of Washington DC
3.The author wants to tell us tlirough the passage mainly that one should _____.
A.be nice to the elderly and the disabled B.try to experience different kinds of culture
C.treat others equally with love and respect D.think about one's past as often as possible
4.What would be the best title of the text
A.A priceless lesson B.An act of prejudice
C.A sightseeing trip D.A humble moment
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The U.S. government stop education official wants schools to do a better job teaching students whose first language is not English. ①__________ That is because one in every 10 U.S. students from kindergarten to 12th grade are English learners. Most English learners come from a country where they speak another language, or have parents from a non-English-speaking country.
②__________ That's what the U. S. Education Secretary John King said. He noted Spanish-speaking students are graduating from high school and attending college at higher rates than ever before. "But in too many places across the country, English learners get less access to good teachers, less access to good coursework, and less access to what they need to get success," King said.
Two recent studies found English learners do better if they attend classes that use both English and the students' native language. Kelly Gonez is a policy adviser at the Department of Education. She said such programs are still not offered by most schools teaching English learners.
③__________Gonez said some school districts are hiring teachers from Spain and China. They are trying to make up for a lack of teachers in the United States who can offer teaching in two languages. ④__________ In New York City,for example, the city's Department of Education says its students speak a total of 180 different languages. About sixty percent are Spanish speakers, and another 14 percent are Chinese speakers.
⑤__________ But she said schools can get textbooks in many more languages than just Spanish and Chinese.
A. It is very important.
B. Many languages are spoken in the U.S.
C. There has been some progress in recent years.
D. Spanish-speaking students are good at studying.
E. But such programs are not always easy to set up.
F. Gonez said that it may be hard to find such teachers.
G. One problem is finding enough teachers who can do that.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On 10 Oct. 2020, Special Olympics athlete Chris Nikic crossed the finish line to become the first person with Down syndrome(唐氏综合征) to become an ironman
Nikic 1 a 2.4-mile swim, a 112-mile bike ride and a, 262-mile marathon run in 16hours 46 minutes and 9 seconds -14 minutes under the 17-hour cutoff time. Nikic fell off his bike and was 2 by ants at a nutrition stop, but he pushed on to 3 the competition
Ironman goal set and achieve, "said Nikic on social media. " Time to set a 4 and bigger goal for 2021.
"We are beyond inspired, and your achievement is a 5 moment in Ironman history that can never be 6 away from you, " the Ironman Triathlon organization said in a post
Nikic and his father Nik developed the "One percent better challenge"to stay 7 during training. The idea is to promote Down syndrome 8 while achieving 1% 9 each day.
"To Nikic, this 10 was more than just a finish line and celebration of 11 , Nik said. "ironman has served as his 12 to become one step closer to his goal of living a life of inclusion and leadership.
After his record-setting achievement, Nikic will 13 competing in the 2022 Special Olympics USA Games and 14 raising money for Special Olympics, and Down syndrome through his platform.
"I achieved my goal and now I want to. 15 others like me, " he said.
1. A completed B.organized C. lasted D.tolerated
2. A. surrounded B. attacked C. approached D delayed
3. A. finish B. register C. quit D. organize
4. A. final B. clear C. common D.new
5. A. magical B. perfect C. temporary D. historical
6. A. broken B. kept C. torn D. taken
7. A. motivated B. rewarded C. delighted D. concerned
8. A. culture B. awareness C independence D. improvement
9.A. result B. effect C. independence D.improvenen
10.A. experience B. struggle C. race D. effort
11. A. reputation B. wealth C. love D. victory
12. A. platform B. base C. potential D. desire
13. A. deal with B. focus on C. contribute to D. set about
14. A carefully B. actively C. gradually D. bravely
15. A. thank B. admire C approve D. help
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We live in a small town, ①________ is ②________ (situate) on a river bank. Our town is famous ③________ its cultural atmosphere and its beautiful scenery. Every year a large number of tourists come to visit it. ④________ terms of achievement, our town is great, beyond ⑤________ (recognize). Because of the application of science and technology, our town is improving little ⑥________ little. Several public schools ⑦________ (belong) to the local government has been set up since 1980. ⑧________ (compare) with the past, more children are receiving modern education. On ⑨________ other hand, more adults are updating their knowledge to keep pace with the development of society. And the population of the town is twice ⑩________ large as 1980.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍活动安排；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Long ago, there was a big apple tree. A little boy loved to come and play around it every day. He climbed to the top of the tree, ate the apples, and took a nap under the shadow... He loved the tree and the tree also enjoyed playing with him.
As time went by, the little boy grew up and he no longer played around the tree.
One day, the boy came back to the tree, appearing sad. "Come and play with me," the tree asked the boy gently.
"I am no longer a kid; I won't play around trees anymore," the boy replied. "I want toys. I need money to buy them."
"Sorry, but I don't have money. However, you can pick all my apples and sell them. Then, you will have money." The boy was so excited that he picked all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy didn't come back after that.
The tree was upset.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so joyful. "Come and play with me," the tree said.
"I don't have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me " "Sorry, I don't have a house. But you can cut off my branches to build your house." So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left with delight.
The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy didn't appear since then. The tree was again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was delighted. "Come and play with me!" the tree requested.
"I am sad and becoming old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat " "Use my trunk to build the boat. You can sail and be happy." So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and did not show up for a long time.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Many years later, the boy finally returned.
The apple tree is our mother.
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.ADD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Agriculture Minister Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica, "With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of recovering a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it."(农业部长Maurizio Martina称意大利的食物浪费水平令人无法接受,他对《共和报》说:"有了这项法律,我们离收回100万吨食物并将其提供给有需要的人的目标越来越近。")可知,Maurizio Martina认为意大利的粮食浪费的现象很严重。故选A项。文中说明了意大利食物浪费的严重性,但没有和欧洲的其他国家以及美国进行对比,故B项和D项不选,C项在文中无相关信息。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词前提及的数据以及下文"More surprisingly, most of the waste food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families," the Agriculture Department says.(农业部说:"更令人惊讶的是,大部分被浪费的食物都是完全健康的食物,这些食物本可以帮助养活贫困家庭。")可推断,此处的"appalling"应是"令人震惊的"的意思。故选D项。A项"有趣的",B项"令人兴奋的"和C项"鼓舞人心的"均不符合题意。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知哈佛食品法律和政策诊所研究发现,45%的食物浪费发生在家里,因为购买者对日期标签的重要性感到困惑——这没有任何科学依据,也不受政府的控制。由此可推断,一些消费者不知道食物有效期也是造成浪费的重要原因。故选D项。A项"大部分食物浪费发生在餐馆"与文意不符;B项"一些购买者没有养成节约食物的习惯"在文中没有相关信息;C项"控制食品浪费是政府的责任"的表述过于片面,故不选。
B
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的... "eastern realm. " The origin of the name goes back to the 10th century, when Austria was an eastern border area of the Holy Roman Empire. 可知,由于奥地利的地理位置——位于神圣罗马帝国的东部边界,奥地利人称自己的国家为Osterreich,意为"东部王国"。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的In this dance the men slap their bodies while the girls twirl around them in their bright dresses.可知答案。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的In the morning the good children find presents in their shoes, but the bad children find only pieces of coal and potatoes.可知,只有好孩子才会收到圣诞老人送的礼物。
4.段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知,奧地利每年都举办5个音乐节、音乐演出的门票非常紧俏、奥地利人民即使生活困顿也要节衣缩食重建剧院,这些都反映出了奥地利人民对音乐的热爱。
C
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章内容可知,a,b,c,d,e项描述的事件分别发生在1918年、1919年、1923年、1955年和1929年。故选A项。
2.篇章结构题。画线单词所在的句子描述了孩子在智力方面的发展过程—先掌握一些简单的概念,之后再将其融入到更加复杂的概念中。them指代的是其前提到的simple concepts。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的In the concrete operational stage... children begin to classify objects by their similarity or difference.可知答案。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了瑞士心理学家让 皮亚杰,包括其作品、生平、成就和理论等。
D
答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。依据第一段倒数第二句中"without even looking at her"知道作者当时很不耐烦。
2.细节理解题。依据第三段前两句中"l am an immigrant. I left Honduras and arrived in the US"可以知道答案。
3.写作目的题。作者通过自己的这次经历反省自己:不应该对弱势群体抱有偏见,而应该用爱和尊重平等地对待他人。
4.标题归纳题。那位盲人让我丢掉对弱势群体的偏见,继续坚持谦虚待人的人生信条,这是非常珍贵的教训。
第二节
答案：A; C; G; E; F
解析：
在美国,很多学生的第一语言并不是英语,如果既用英语又用他们的母语给他们上课,可以提高他们的学习成绩。
1. A 根据第一段的"That is because one in every 10 U.S. students from kindergarten to 12th grade are English learners."可知,这样做很重要。
2. C 根据第二段的"He noted Spanish-speaking students are graduating from high school and attending college at higher rates than ever before."可知,在这方面取得了一定的进步。
3.G 根据第三段的"She said such programs are still not offered by most schools teaching English learners."可知应选G,G项的内容是在解释原因。
4. K 根据此空后面的"In New York City, for example, the city's Department of Education says its students speak a total of 180 different languages."可知,这样的项目不容易建立。
5. F 根据下文的"But she said schools can get textbooks in many more languages than just Spanish and Chinese."可知前后是转折关系,应选F。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ABADD 6-10 DABDC 11-15 DABBD
解析：1.【解析】根据上文的 Special Olympics athlete Chris Nikic crossed the finish line可知，他巳经完成了铁人项比赛
2.【解析】根据后面的 by ants at a nutrition stop可知，Nki在营养站从自行车上摔了下来，被蚂蚁袭击
3.【解析】根据前面的 crossed the finish line to become the first person with Down syndrome to become an ironman可知，他完成了比赛。
4.【解析】根据前面的 Ironman goal set and achieve可知，他已经实现了铁人三项的目标，因此现在到了给2021年树立新目标的时候了
5.【解析】根据第一段 Special Olympics athlete Chris Nikic crossed the finish line to become the first person with, Down syndrome to become an:Ironman可知，他是第一个患有唐氏综合征而完成铁人三项比赛的人这是一个历史性的时刻
6.【解析】根据前面的 your achievement. is a historical moment in Ironman history可知，他的成绩和荣誉已经载入史册，无法剥夺。
7.【解析】根据前面的 Nikic and his father Nik developed the" One percent better challenge"可知，为了保持在训练期间的积极性，Nkc和他的父亲Nik开发了"百分之一更好的挑战
8.【解析】与前面的the：" One percent better challenge"呼应，指这个想法是为了提高人们对唐氏综合征的认识。
9.【解析】与前面的 One percent better challenge呼应，此处指每天提高1%
10.【解析】根据上文的 Niki, completed a24mle swim，， cutoff time可知，对 Niki来说，这场比赛不仅仅是一场终点线和胜利的庆祝
11.【解析】与上文的 crossed the finish line to become the first, person with Down syndrome. to become an Ironman和前面的 celebration呼应，指胜利的庆祝
12.【解析】根据下文的 raising money for Special Olympics, and Down syndrome. through his platform可知， Ironman作为他的平台，使他朝着过一种包容和领导生活的目标又迈进了一步13.【解析】与前面的 record-setting achievement呼应，在取得创纪录的成就后， Niki将专注于参加2022年美国特奥会。
14.【解析】根据后面的 raising money for Special Olympics, and Down syndrome through his platform可知，他应该是积极地继续通过他的平台为特奥会唐氏综合征筹款。
15.【解析】与上文的 raising money for Specia Olympics, and Down:syndrome through his platform呼应，他募据的目的是帮助他人。
第二节
答案：1. which2. situated3. for4. In5. recognition6. by7. pared9. the10. as
解析：
1. which which引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语。
2. situated be situated on 坐落于......之上。
3. for be famous for 以......出名。
4. In in terms of 以......出名。
5. recognition beyond recognition 认不出来。
6. by little by little 逐渐地。
7. belonging belong to "属于",无被动语态形式,故用现在分词形式作定语。
8. Compared compared with..."与......相比",在句中作状语。
9. the on the other hand 另一方面。
10. as倍数的表达法为:倍数+ as+形容词原级+ as。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Distinguished guests:
On behalf of our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.
At first, it is of significance to fully understand the school. As scheduled, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our school. Furthermore, our classes are worthy of being attended, because you can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methods. After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special lunch with our students.
As mentioned above, I extremely expect your coming. May you have an unforgettable experience.
第二节
答案：
Many years later, the boy finally returned. Feeling tired, he went to see the apple tree. At the sight of him, the tree said regretfully: "I'm sorry, boy, but now I no longer have anything for you, no apples, no trunk." "It doesn't matter. I have no intention of getting anything from you this time. As you know. I'm getting old and nothing is better than a comfortable place to rest," said the boy. Hearing this, the tree smiled with relief, adding: "My dying stump(树桩) is the right one for you. Please come here and have-a seat." The boy did as told and the tree burst into tears, due to the fact that she could still devote herself to her boy.
The apple tree is our mother. When we are young, she tries her utmost to take care of us and play with us. When we grow up, we leave her for some reason and only come back when necessary or in trouble. But she is always there, waiting for us and ready to offer what she owns without complaint. Never does she ask for rewards. Instead, it is our happiness that she desires. So, try to put ourselves in her shoes and learn to show concern for her.