2023届高考英语语法之形容词&副词课件(22张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语语法之形容词&副词课件(22张ppt) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-21 13:30:34 | ||
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(共22张PPT)
高中英语语法---形容词&副词
一、形容词和副词的类别
1.形容词可分为定语形容词和表语形容词。定语形容词位于名词前,修饰名词;表语形容词位于系动词后,作系动词的表语。(2020·新高考Ⅰ)In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. 在撒马尔罕,比塞尔对建筑奇观赞不绝口,而在前往布哈拉的路上,当他涉嫌毒品交易时,他尝到了警察的手段。Although the job was very tiring, I was very happy in my heart for I got something from my work.虽然工作很累,但我心里很高兴,因为我从工作中得到了一些东西。
(2021·全国甲)As far as we know, there is a ① difference between China and the Western countries.据我们所知,中国和西方国家之间存在着巨大的文化差异。 The little boy is still asleep. 小男孩仍然在睡觉。
2.副词一般分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、关系副词、连接副词等。(1)时间副词,如now、usually、often、always等。(2)地点副词,如here、there、out、everywhere等。(3)方式副词,如hard、fast、slowly等。(4)程度副词,如very、much、still、almost等。
huge cultural
(5)疑问副词,如how、when、why、where等。(6)关系副词,如when、where、why等。(7)连接副词,如whether、why、when、therefore等。Mike was ② very careful,yet this time he made a small mistake. 迈克通常很仔细,但这次他犯了个小错误。 (2021·天津第一次)In addition to practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. ③ , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment. 除了实用技能外,普鲁特的课程还教授团队合作、鼓励自我价值和促进社区情感。同时,孩子们也获得了成就感。
usually
Meanwhile
●有些形容词作表语时,句子的主语不能是指人的词。如convenient、difficult、necessary、pleasant等。
●有些形容词以-ly结尾。如friendly、lovely、lively、lonely、elderly等。
●有些形容词仅作定语。如little、many、live、only、elder等。
●意义有别的同根副词:
close接近 closely紧密地 hard努力地 hardly几乎不
late晚;迟 lately近来 wide充分地 widely广泛地
high高;在高处 highly非常;高标准地
deep深深地 deeply极其;深沉地;强烈地
特
别
提
醒
二、原级、比较级和最高级
1.基本用法
1.两者相比(甲=乙),用“as+原级+as”表示。For cheerleaders,their sport is just as serious as baseball or football. 对啦啦队来说,他们的运动就像棒球或足球一样重要。
在同级比较中,若要用形容词修饰单数可数名词,其语序为“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as”。
I have never had as boring a day as today.我从来没有像今天这样无聊过。
特
别
提
醒
2.两者相比(甲<乙),用“not as/so+原级+as”或“less+原级+than”表示。Unfortunately,my wife isn't so fond of them as I am. 不幸的是,我的妻子不像我这样喜欢他们。3.两者相比(甲>乙),用“比较级+than”表示。(2020·天津)However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.不管你怎么开始,记住没有比现在更好的开始时间了,因为你永远不会比现在更有活力。(2021·全国甲)Why is it that some people are ①
or creative than the rest of us 为什么有些人比我们其他人更聪明或更有创造力
so much more intelligent
4.三个或三个以上的人或事物相比较,表示最大程度时,用“最高级+比较范围”。During the 1990s,Michael Jordan was probably ② basketball player in the world. 在20世纪90年代,迈克尔·乔丹可能是世界上最著名的篮球运动员。
the best known
(1)有少数几个双音节以及以-ow、-er、-le结尾的形容词,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成其比较级和最高级。如common、clever、simple、stupid等。(2)形容词、副词的不规则变化
good/well→better→best bad/ill→worse→worst
many/much→more→most far→farther/further→farthest/furthest
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest little→less→least
(3)可修饰比较级的副词:much、even、still、far、yet、a little、a lot、a bit、rather、any等。
特
别
提
醒
二、特殊用法
1.“比较级+and+比较级”和“more and more+原级”表示“越来越……”,其反义表达为“less and less+原级”。In many ways my disability has made me ① . 在许多方面,我的残疾已使我越来越独立。 2.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……越……”。(2021·北京)Interestingly,② the music was,the faster their heart rates were.有趣的是,音乐越欢快,他们的心率就越快。
more and more independent
the more cheerful
3.“more+原级+than+原级”表示“与其说……不如说……”。The girl was ③ hurt. 与其说这个女孩受伤了,不如说她吓坏了。
4.“more than+主语+can+谓语”表示“非……所能……;不能……”。The beauty of the city is ④ . 这座城市的美不是我所能描述的。 5.形容词比较级前一般不用冠词,但如果出现了表示范围的词,就需要加定冠词。Of the two sisters,Mary is the cleverer. 在这两姐妹中,玛丽更聪明。
more frightened than
more than I can describe
6.“the+形容词原级”表示一类人或物。the old / poor / rich 老人/穷人/富人
“most+形容词原级”意为“非常;十分”,此时most相当于very。
a most beautiful city一座非常美丽的城市
I am most happy to get your email. 我很高兴收到你的电子邮件。
特
别
提
醒
三、比较级&最高级
1.在某个特定范围内对同类事物进行对比时,可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义:
比较级+than+
China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲其他任何国家都大。
2.never+谓语+a/an+形容词比较级+单数可数名词I have never heard a better voice. 我从未听过比这更好的声音。
常见的无比较级和最高级的形容词及副词:relative、absolute、perfect、entire、senior、golden、afraid、unique、present、simply、right、wrong、sure、round、empty等。
特
别
提
醒
重难点
难点 同根副词加-ly和不加-ly
[典例1] Added to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2010, acupuncture (针灸) and moxibustion(艾灸) have been (wide) practiced in China for thousands of years.
解析 修饰动词practiced应用副词,再结合语境可知,此处表示 “广泛地”,故用副词widely。
答案 widely
释疑难·易混易错
方法1 牢记词形变化,准确判断形式
[典例2] Abercrombie&Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people.
解析 设空处修饰动词arranges,应用regular的副词形式。
答案 regularly
明方法·高分突破
方法2 扩大词汇量,准确辨析词义
[典例3] “Storm chasing” is becoming (increase) popular, especially in the Midwest of the United States.
解析 设空处在句中修饰形容词popular,应用副词increasingly,表示“越来越多地;不断增加地”。
答案 increasingly
方法3 体会语境深层含义,正确使用比较级和最高级
[典例4] —Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic
—Yes.You can't hope for a (nice) day at this time of year.
解析 句意:“你认为这天气好到适合野餐了吗 ”“是的。在一年中的这个时候,你不能期望(比这)更好的天气。”这里是比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。
答案 nicer
相关练习
1.(2021·全国甲)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what (good)than to ride on a piece of history! 2.(2021·全国乙)Provide (finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. 3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 4.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the (hot) the spring! 5.(2021·浙江1月) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed (sharp) .
better
financial
undoubtedly
hotter
sharply
5.sharply 此处sharp修饰动词narrow,要用副词形式sharply。
6.(2021·浙江1月)This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 7.(2021·浙江)When the house was built, it was much (small) than it is today. 8. (2021·北京)Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ________ (safe) wait for the police to take her home. 9.(2020·全国Ⅰ)Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging. 10.(2020·全国Ⅱ)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
lower
smaller
safely
extremely
beautiful
Thank you for listening
高中英语语法---形容词&副词
一、形容词和副词的类别
1.形容词可分为定语形容词和表语形容词。定语形容词位于名词前,修饰名词;表语形容词位于系动词后,作系动词的表语。(2020·新高考Ⅰ)In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. 在撒马尔罕,比塞尔对建筑奇观赞不绝口,而在前往布哈拉的路上,当他涉嫌毒品交易时,他尝到了警察的手段。Although the job was very tiring, I was very happy in my heart for I got something from my work.虽然工作很累,但我心里很高兴,因为我从工作中得到了一些东西。
(2021·全国甲)As far as we know, there is a ① difference between China and the Western countries.据我们所知,中国和西方国家之间存在着巨大的文化差异。 The little boy is still asleep. 小男孩仍然在睡觉。
2.副词一般分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、关系副词、连接副词等。(1)时间副词,如now、usually、often、always等。(2)地点副词,如here、there、out、everywhere等。(3)方式副词,如hard、fast、slowly等。(4)程度副词,如very、much、still、almost等。
huge cultural
(5)疑问副词,如how、when、why、where等。(6)关系副词,如when、where、why等。(7)连接副词,如whether、why、when、therefore等。Mike was ② very careful,yet this time he made a small mistake. 迈克通常很仔细,但这次他犯了个小错误。 (2021·天津第一次)In addition to practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. ③ , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment. 除了实用技能外,普鲁特的课程还教授团队合作、鼓励自我价值和促进社区情感。同时,孩子们也获得了成就感。
usually
Meanwhile
●有些形容词作表语时,句子的主语不能是指人的词。如convenient、difficult、necessary、pleasant等。
●有些形容词以-ly结尾。如friendly、lovely、lively、lonely、elderly等。
●有些形容词仅作定语。如little、many、live、only、elder等。
●意义有别的同根副词:
close接近 closely紧密地 hard努力地 hardly几乎不
late晚;迟 lately近来 wide充分地 widely广泛地
high高;在高处 highly非常;高标准地
deep深深地 deeply极其;深沉地;强烈地
特
别
提
醒
二、原级、比较级和最高级
1.基本用法
1.两者相比(甲=乙),用“as+原级+as”表示。For cheerleaders,their sport is just as serious as baseball or football. 对啦啦队来说,他们的运动就像棒球或足球一样重要。
在同级比较中,若要用形容词修饰单数可数名词,其语序为“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as”。
I have never had as boring a day as today.我从来没有像今天这样无聊过。
特
别
提
醒
2.两者相比(甲<乙),用“not as/so+原级+as”或“less+原级+than”表示。Unfortunately,my wife isn't so fond of them as I am. 不幸的是,我的妻子不像我这样喜欢他们。3.两者相比(甲>乙),用“比较级+than”表示。(2020·天津)However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.不管你怎么开始,记住没有比现在更好的开始时间了,因为你永远不会比现在更有活力。(2021·全国甲)Why is it that some people are ①
or creative than the rest of us 为什么有些人比我们其他人更聪明或更有创造力
so much more intelligent
4.三个或三个以上的人或事物相比较,表示最大程度时,用“最高级+比较范围”。During the 1990s,Michael Jordan was probably ② basketball player in the world. 在20世纪90年代,迈克尔·乔丹可能是世界上最著名的篮球运动员。
the best known
(1)有少数几个双音节以及以-ow、-er、-le结尾的形容词,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成其比较级和最高级。如common、clever、simple、stupid等。(2)形容词、副词的不规则变化
good/well→better→best bad/ill→worse→worst
many/much→more→most far→farther/further→farthest/furthest
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest little→less→least
(3)可修饰比较级的副词:much、even、still、far、yet、a little、a lot、a bit、rather、any等。
特
别
提
醒
二、特殊用法
1.“比较级+and+比较级”和“more and more+原级”表示“越来越……”,其反义表达为“less and less+原级”。In many ways my disability has made me ① . 在许多方面,我的残疾已使我越来越独立。 2.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……越……”。(2021·北京)Interestingly,② the music was,the faster their heart rates were.有趣的是,音乐越欢快,他们的心率就越快。
more and more independent
the more cheerful
3.“more+原级+than+原级”表示“与其说……不如说……”。The girl was ③ hurt. 与其说这个女孩受伤了,不如说她吓坏了。
4.“more than+主语+can+谓语”表示“非……所能……;不能……”。The beauty of the city is ④ . 这座城市的美不是我所能描述的。 5.形容词比较级前一般不用冠词,但如果出现了表示范围的词,就需要加定冠词。Of the two sisters,Mary is the cleverer. 在这两姐妹中,玛丽更聪明。
more frightened than
more than I can describe
6.“the+形容词原级”表示一类人或物。the old / poor / rich 老人/穷人/富人
“most+形容词原级”意为“非常;十分”,此时most相当于very。
a most beautiful city一座非常美丽的城市
I am most happy to get your email. 我很高兴收到你的电子邮件。
特
别
提
醒
三、比较级&最高级
1.在某个特定范围内对同类事物进行对比时,可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义:
比较级+than+
China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲其他任何国家都大。
2.never+谓语+a/an+形容词比较级+单数可数名词I have never heard a better voice. 我从未听过比这更好的声音。
常见的无比较级和最高级的形容词及副词:relative、absolute、perfect、entire、senior、golden、afraid、unique、present、simply、right、wrong、sure、round、empty等。
特
别
提
醒
重难点
难点 同根副词加-ly和不加-ly
[典例1] Added to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2010, acupuncture (针灸) and moxibustion(艾灸) have been (wide) practiced in China for thousands of years.
解析 修饰动词practiced应用副词,再结合语境可知,此处表示 “广泛地”,故用副词widely。
答案 widely
释疑难·易混易错
方法1 牢记词形变化,准确判断形式
[典例2] Abercrombie&Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people.
解析 设空处修饰动词arranges,应用regular的副词形式。
答案 regularly
明方法·高分突破
方法2 扩大词汇量,准确辨析词义
[典例3] “Storm chasing” is becoming (increase) popular, especially in the Midwest of the United States.
解析 设空处在句中修饰形容词popular,应用副词increasingly,表示“越来越多地;不断增加地”。
答案 increasingly
方法3 体会语境深层含义,正确使用比较级和最高级
[典例4] —Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic
—Yes.You can't hope for a (nice) day at this time of year.
解析 句意:“你认为这天气好到适合野餐了吗 ”“是的。在一年中的这个时候,你不能期望(比这)更好的天气。”这里是比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。
答案 nicer
相关练习
1.(2021·全国甲)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what (good)than to ride on a piece of history! 2.(2021·全国乙)Provide (finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. 3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 4.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the (hot) the spring! 5.(2021·浙江1月) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed (sharp) .
better
financial
undoubtedly
hotter
sharply
5.sharply 此处sharp修饰动词narrow,要用副词形式sharply。
6.(2021·浙江1月)This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 7.(2021·浙江)When the house was built, it was much (small) than it is today. 8. (2021·北京)Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ________ (safe) wait for the police to take her home. 9.(2020·全国Ⅰ)Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging. 10.(2020·全国Ⅱ)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
lower
smaller
safely
extremely
beautiful
Thank you for listening