【核心素养目标】Unit 3 Computers Period 3 Grammar教案

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
牛津深圳·广州版英语八年级上册第3课时教学设计
课题 Computers 单元 Unit 3 学科 英语 年级 八
教材分析 The teaching purpose of this unit grammar lesson is to enable students to learn the method of comparing things, understand the composition, usage and difference of comparative and superlative adjectives, the composition, usage and meaning of comparative and superlative adjectives, and master the adverbs (much, far, a lot, a little, a bit) that modify the degree of comparative adjectives. Students have been exposed to the comparative and superlative levels of adjectives in the past. Students correctly use the comparative and superlative levels of adjectives in task situations to complete oral and written tasks, develop the ability to comprehensively use language knowledge, and enable students to correctly apply it in different contexts. Teachers can combine a variety of teaching methods and classroom tasks to stimulate students' association, so that students can use relevant knowledge and experience to the new knowledge learned and develop their ability.
学习 目标与核心素养 1.Knowledge objectives: Understand the concept, usage and difference of comparative and superlative adjectives. 2.Skill objectives: ①Students should master the concepts and formation methods of comparative and superlative adjectives. ②Students can use comparative adjectives and superlatives to compare things in specific situational tasks. ③Students can sum up the comparative and superlative grammatical rules of adjectives. ④Students can use the comparative and superlative adjectives to simply describe things and communicate. ⑤Cultivate students' spirit of cooperation in the process of communication. 3.Emotional objectives: Learn to use the comparative and superlative adjectives correctly, cultivate their confidence in learning, and stimulate their interest in learning. 4.Thinking capacity(思维品质) Develop students' ability to think independently and express their own opinions.
重点 Students can use comparative adjectives and superlatives to compare things in specific situational tasks.
难点 Students can use the comparative and superlative adjectives to simply describe things and communicate.
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 一、Lead in Which bag is bigger Which bag is the biggest His bag is bigger than mine. 他的书包比我的大。 His bag is the biggest one among his classmates. 他的书包在同学中是最大的。 Look at the picture and fill in the blanks. Lily Mary Annie Lily's hair is ______ than Mary's. Annie has the ______ hair. 答案:longer;longest The teacher shows the pictures to the students and guides them to observe the pictures carefully. The teacher guides them to compare the figures in the pictures and tries to use the comparative and superlative adjectives. Students use the previous knowledge reserves to describe according to the summarized information. Classroom introduction should be able to attract students' attention, stimulate students' interest and motivation in learning English, create a good language environment, and activate the classroom atmosphere. Effective classroom introduction can serve as a link between the preceding and the following, and make students learn from the past. Classroom lead-in combines the key words, sentence patterns, grammar, etc. of this lesson, which can help to better complete the teaching task of a lesson.
讲授新课 二、Free talk How do we form the comparative of adjectives Look at the underlined words in the following sentences and talk about their meanings and functions. The first computers were bigger than cars, but are becoming smaller and puters can calculate at a faster speed than we can and almost never give wrong answers. However,one day computers may be able to do a better job than human beings. For example,they may be better than doctors at doing their puters may change our lives,but will they made them better 三、Grammar 一、Look at the positive, comparative and superlative forms of adjectives. Look for their changing rules. 1.short → shorter → shortest great → greater → greatest small → smaller → smallest 2.wide → wider → widest large → larger → largest able → abler → ablest 3.big → bigger → biggest hot → hotter → hottest red→ redder → reddest 4.happy → happier → happiest easy → easier → easiest heavy → heavier → heaviest 5.clever → cleverer → cleverest narrow → narrower → narrowest 6.beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful interesting → more interesting → most interesting 7.good/well → better → best bad /ill → worse → worst old → older(elder) → oldest(eldest) 二、形容词的比较级和最高级 英语中的形容词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大部分形容词的比较级和最高级是通过词尾变化来实现的，这些属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则的。 1.规则变化 构成 原级→比较级→最高级 单音节词一般在词尾加-er -est long→longer→longest 以不发音的e结尾时，在词尾加-r、-st nice→nicer→nicest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er,-est happy→happier→happiest 末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这一辅音字母再加-er, est("辅元辅”结构) big→bigger→biggest 多音节和部分双音节词，在原级前加more、most interesting→more interesting→most interesting 少数以er、-le为词尾的形容词有两种变化方式 clever→cleverer/more clever→ cleverest/most clever 2.不规则变化 good/well(身体健康的)→better→ best bad→worse→worst many/much→more→most little→less→least far→farther→farthest old→older(较老的)/elder(较为年长的)→oldest/eldest 三、比较级基本句型 1.同级比较 ①肯定句: as+形容词原级+as 和......一样...... ②否定句: not as/so +形容词原级+as 和......不一样....../......不如...... 2.比较级 ①甲+be+形容词比较级+than+乙 甲比乙...... ②表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化时，用"the+比较级( +主语+谓语)，the+比较比较级(+主语+谓语)”结构 越...... ,越...... ③“特殊疑问词+be+比较级，甲或乙” 甲或乙哪一个更...... 3.最高级 ①“甲+be+the+最高级+表示范围的短语或从句” 甲是......中最......的 ②“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级,甲,乙或丙” 甲，乙或丙哪一个最...... 四、比较级常用句型 1.Who/Which+be+比较级，A or B Who is taller, Tom or John 谁更高，汤姆还是约翰？ 2. 主语 + be + the比较级+ of the two. (两个之中比较......的那一个，......包含在两个之中) Tom is the taller of the two. 汤姆是两个人中较高的。 = Tom is taller than the other boy. 3. much/ a lot/ even/ far +比较级 A computer is much more expensive than a bicycle. 计算机比自行车贵多了。 4.“The+ 形容词比较级...... the+形容词比较级......”,表示“ 越......就越......”。 The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多，就知道得越多。 5.形容词比较级+ and +形容词比较级表示“越来越......”。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜。 五、比较级常用句型 1.最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围内或某类人物中“最……”。“主语+谓语动词+the+形容词最高级+(单数名词)+in／of短语”。 Who is the strongest of the four boys 谁是那四个男孩中最强壮的 　 2.the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词+ in/of…“第几最......”。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二大河。 3.“主语+谓语动词+one of the+最高级+复数名词+in／of短语”表示“…… 是最……之一”。 She is one of the most beautiful girls in the school. 她是学校里最漂亮的女孩之一。 4.“特殊疑问词+谓语动词+the+最高级+A，B，or C ”用于三者或三者以 上的比较。 Which is the heaviest，an elephant, a horse or a cow 大象、马和牛哪一个最重？ 四、完成教材第39，40页，41页。 五、Exercise 一.单项选择题 1.(2020四川泸州中考)—Let's go to another restaurant instead. —It's not necessary. The food here is ______ than before. A.delicious B. less delicious C.much delicious D.more delicious 2.(2021广东华南师大附中期中)Of all the students in our class, Jack is______. A.stronger B.strongest C.the strongest 3.(2020贵州安顺中考)If we are interested in something, our brain is______and it is also easier for us to pay attention to it for a long time. A.active B.more active C. the most active 4.Flying kites outside _____ a sunny day ______ interesting than playing chess A. on; is far more B. in: is much C. on; are much more D. in; are much 5. The lady is already 50, but she looks_____than she really is. A. young B. much younger C. more younger D. more young 答案：1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 二.根据中文含义填空 1.看那两个男孩,小明是两个当中较高的那个。 Look at the two boys. Xiaoming is ______ the two. 2.现代火车比汽车快得多。 A modern train is ___________ than a car. 3.我们的国家变得越来越美丽。 Our country is becoming ____________ . 4.最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了。 One of _________________ has been burnt in a fire. 5.巴黎圣母院，世界上最著名的地方之一，于2019年4月15日被焚毁。 Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院),one of______________ places in the world, got burnt on April,15th, 2019. 答案:1.the taller of 2.much faster 3.more and more beautiful 4.the oldest houses 5.the best-known 六、Pair work 1.全班同学结对练习，使用形容词最高级进行对话。 2.一问一答，对话完成后互相交换。 3.你可以参考以下的句型。 big, country, China,Russia or Canada S1:Which is the largest country in the world ,China, Russia,Canada S2:Russia is the largest country. S1:How about China S2:China is the third largest country in the world. 七、Language point The red one costs￥2,500，and it's made of leather.这个 红色的价值2500元，它是由皮革制成的。 be made of .......制的 辨析:be made of,be made from与be made in ①be made of由....成强调从制成品中能看出原材料 If it's made of wood it will float.这要是木材做的就能浮在水面上。 ②be made from ....成强调从制成品中看不出原材料 Synthetic silk can be made from wood fibres. 人造丝可用木纤维制造。 ③be made in在......制造;in后接表示地点的名词 The lecture will be made in the hall.讲演将在大厅举行。 语法填空 ①Nearly every long-distance call made ___ Britain now travels on optical fibre instead of cable. ②The cup appeared to be made ___ some sort of copper. 答案:in;of The teacher asks the students questions, guides them to review the sentences with comparative and superlative adjectives in the previous text, analyzes the role of red fonts in sentences, and understands the concept and usage of adjectives. Teaching students the concept and composition of comparative adjectives. Explain that when we compare two people or two things in life, we can use the comparative degree of adjectives. Students should understand the concept and composition of comparative adjectives, summarize the rules and fill in the blanks. After learning the rules of comparative use of adjectives, students should read the blank filling questions carefully and find that the question is to fill in the comparative form of the adjectives given. After analyzing the main contents of the blank filling questions, we found that the topic was a dialogue between a salesperson and David. David needs a suitcase. After comparison, David decides to have a black suitcase, because the black suitcase is larger than the red one. Students should pay attention to the rules of special changes when filling in, and check the answers after completion.B1 David is shopping for a camera. Students look at the photos and write the letter of the correct model after each statement. B2 David told his friend Tony about his shopping plete David's sentences with the superlative of the adjectives from the box. The teacher explains the requirements of the topic. The students review the comparative and superlative knowledge points of adjectives, and complete the word form conversion question. The question requires the comparative degree of the following adjectives or adverbs. The second question is a single choice question. Students read the question and choose the correct answer. The third question is to fill in the blanks according to the Chinese meaning. Students should pay attention to the accuracy of the words used in translation when doing the questions. The whole class practice in pairs, refer to the sentence pattern given, and use the superlative adjective to talk. The two students ask and answer each other, and exchange ideas after the dialogue. The teacher summarizes the important grammar points of this lesson. The students follow the teacher's ideas, listen carefully and take notes, and consolidate their knowledge through examples. Learn examples, be able to master the method of doing problems, and increase the accuracy. 英语教学中的学生自由表达观点，通过师生互动、生生互动等方式，提高课堂教学效率，提高学生学习积极性，并提高学生运用语言的能力。选取密切联系学生生活的，生动有趣的素材，为学生提供积极探索与合作交流的空间，学生在教师的指导下，主动地分析问题、解决问题，充分激发其学习积极性，提高自我意识和主动参与探究活动的能力。 学生学习比较事物的方法，了解比较形容词和最高级形容词的组成、用法和区别，比较形容词、最高级形容词组的组成、用途和意义，掌握修改比较形容词程度的副词。 学生在任务情境中正确使用形容词的比较级和最高级，以完成口头和书面任务，培养综合运用语言知识的能力。教师可以将各种教学方法和课堂任务结合起来，激发学生的联想，使学生能够利用相关知识和经验学习新知识，发展他们的能力。 语法及词汇练习是对课堂上一些语法知识重难点知识的深入。练习加深他们的印象，了解复杂的语法点规律。巩固课堂上学到的知识，训练运用能力，对于教师及时检查自己的课堂教学效果，修改教学方案，指导学生的学习，都起着重要的作用。 伙伴活动能充分调动学生的积极性,有利于学生交际能力的培养。结对活动打破了传统教学枯燥沉闷的课堂气氛，极大程度地提高了课堂效率。训练了学生的口语技能，拓宽了词汇量，巩固语法知识，在结对活动中得到了有效运用，增强英语语言的应用能力，锻炼胆量，培养学生合作交流的精神等，为顺利达到教学目的铺平道路。 课堂讲授重要语言点是必不可少的教学环节，教师整理这节课的重点知识，有益于把知识系统化，有针对性地进行典型例题讲解有效地实现对所学知识的巩固。
课堂练习 一、 单项选择 1. Tom jumped the _______ in his school, so the headmaster spoke of him. A. most highly; high B. highest; high C. most highly; highly D. highest; highly 2.——How are you feeling now, Jim ——I am feeling _______ after a good sleep. Thanks. more better more well much better D. much well 3. He is ________ taller than us. A. many B. much C. more D. a few 4. I like the TV channel with funnier programmes but ________ advertisements. A. few B.fewer C.little D.less 5. ——Maths isn't as ______ as Chinese. ——I agree with you. I think Chinese is ________ than any other subject. easy; easier easier; easier easy: easiest D. hard; the most difficult 答案:1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 二、完成句子 1．音乐作品《水》是谭盾最伟大的作品之一。 The music piece Water is _____________________________. 2．他的鞋子比我的贵多了。 His shoes are much ______ _____ ______ _______. 3．他是他们学校跑得最快的运动员。 He is _____ ______ _____ in his school. 4．在我看来，似乎如今的孩子们更加依赖他们的父母了。 It seems to me that kids today ________________ their parents. 5．在学校里，英语是最重要的学科之—。 English is ______________________ subjects at school. 6．中国是世界上最大的国家之—。 China is _______________________ countries in the world. 答案: 1.one of Tan Dun’s greatest works 2.more expensive than mine 3.the fastest runner 4.depend more on 5.one of the most important 6.one of the largest/biggest Under the guidance of the teacher, students should read the topic carefully and see the requirements clearly. The first question is a grammar single choice question. Students review grammar knowledge and read carefully to choose the correct answer. The second question is to complete the sentences. Students should pay attention to the correct usage of Chinese words translated into English, and the rules of comparative and superlative adjectives. 课后语法知识练习是学生学习过程中重要组成部分,使学生掌握系统的英语语法知识,把握英语的基本结构,才提高运用英语进行交际的准确性，从而提高英语学习的效率。
课堂小结 The teaching purpose of the grammar lesson in this unit is to enable students to learn how to compare things and understand the concept, usage and difference between comparative adjectives and superlatives. Master the concept and composition of comparative adjectives and superlatives. Use comparative adjectives and superlatives to compare things in specific situational tasks. Summarize the comparative and superlative grammatical rules of adjectives. Use comparative adjectives and superlatives to simply describe things and communicate. 在英语教学中，课堂小结是必不可少的教学环节，学生在教师的指导下，说出他们对英语知识的理解，学生对知识的梳理， 从而有效地实现对所学知识的巩固。在课堂教学中不仅要求教师带着教学目标去进行教学，而且要让学生明确学习目标。有利于加大信息反馈力度，及时解难纠错。学习小结正是教师在课堂上获得信息反馈的一条有效途径。
板书 规则变化 1.单音节词一般在词尾加-er -est long→longer→longest 2.以不发音的e结尾时，在词尾加-r、-st nice→nicer→nicest 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i,再加-er, -est happy →happier→happiest 4.末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这一辅音字母再加-er, est(“辅元辅”结构) big →bigger →biggest 5.多音节和部分双音节词，在原级前加more、most interesting→more interesting→most interesting 6.少数以-er、-le为词尾的形容词有两种变化方式 clever→cleverer/ more clever→cleverest most clever
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