外研版高二英语选择性必修第四册 Unit 4 Everyday economics 单元练习（含答案无听力题）
文档属性
| 名称 | 外研版高二英语选择性必修第四册 Unit 4 Everyday economics 单元练习（含答案无听力题） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 56.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-21 17:34:06 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 4 Everyday economics 单元练习
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The cost of living in countries like the US, Britain, Australia or France has skyrocketed in recent years. However, if you're willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries boasting an extremely cheap and low cost of living. Check out the following countries when planning your next move.
Ecuador
Ecuador is similar to the United States in many ways, and as a result has become a popular American getaway. They even use the US dollar for their currency. In this country, it's cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on a budget in the US. You can even buy a building for around $50,000 and hire someone to look after it while you're away.
Mexico
Although the country is known for its poverty-ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that provide various facilities you might need. You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.
Argentina
Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years. It has great restaurants, rich history, and many places to explore. Not to mention, it's not very expensive to live here. A decent sized home can cost around $139,000, which is relatively cheap compared to homes in the United States.
Vietnam
Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years. There are many million-dollar luxury homes by the beach, but you can find a modest flat or a small home for around $25,000 to $50,000 if you search in the right areas.
1.How much does it cost to live in Mexico for a year
A.About $12,000. B.About $7,000.
C.About $8,000. D.About $8,800.
2.What do Argentina and Vietnam have in common
A.They both have great restaurants.
B.The cost of living in them is both expensive.
C.Tourists enjoy travelling in the two countries.
D.The middle-sized homes both cost around $139,000.
3.In which country is the US dollar used for its currency
A.Ecuador. B.Mexico.
C.Argentina. D.Vietnam.
B
It was about five in the morning in Ontario, Canada, when Donna Strickland's phone rang. The Nobel Prize committee was on the line in Stockholm, calling to tell her she had won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
“I wondered if it was a joke,” Strickland said in an interview with a Nobel official after the call. She had been asleep when the call arrived. “Something was wrong because it came so early in the morning. But then I knew it was the right day, and it would have been a cruel joke.”
Strickland, an associate professor at the University of Waterloo, shares the honor with two other scientists for their work in the 1980s in transforming lasers(激光)into tiny tools that today has countless application. The prize money 9 million kronor will be shared among the three. Half the prize went to Strickland and her cooperator Gerard Mourou, a professor at the Ecole Poly technique in France. The other half was awarded to Arthur Ashkin, a retired physicist who worked at the famous Bell Labs in the United States.
Strickland's win is historic in more than one way. It's been over 55 years since a woman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1903, Marie Curie became the first-ever woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics. For the next 60 years, no women physicists were awarded. Maria Goeppert-Mayer became the second woman physicist to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963.
Strickland herself was surprised to learn she was the third woman to receive the honor in physics. “Is that all, really I thought there might have been more,” she said at a press conference on Tuesday. “We need to celebrate women physicists, because we're out there. Hopefully, in time, it will start to move forward at a faster rate.”
4.What was Strickland's first reaction after she received the call
A.She felt all efforts paid off.
B.She was too excited to say a word.
C.She was doubtful about it.
D.She was annoyed at being waken up.
5.How much money did Strickland get for winning the Nobel Prize
A.About 2,250,000 kronor.
B.About 18 million kronor.
C.About 4,500,000 kronor.
D.About 9 million kronor.
6.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Strickland's achievements in physics.
B.The history of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
C.Strickland's struggle to win the Nobel Prize.
D.Three women winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics in history.
7.What does the underlined “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A.The Nobel Prize in Physics.
B.The achievement of men physicists.
C.The celebration of the Nobel Prize winners.
D.Awarding women physicists the Nobel Prize in Physics.
C
In America, experts find that campus jobs can help students not only with their studies,but also with their lives after school. That is why more and more universities are providing work experience for students.
In 2011, Clemson University, a public university in South Carolina, asked Neil Burton, head of the Career Center, to develop a program that was not only a way of creating more jobs,but also a way to provide special positions that would teach students valuable skills related to their interests or fields of study. It also wanted the students to work in professional environments that would provide useful experience in their job searches after college.
The program works like this: any professor or student in Clemson University in need of professional help can come up with a plan. This could be a biology professor looking for a research assistant, or an administrator who needs help raising donations for the school. It can also be any outside organization that works with Clemson University, such as a company that is designing new buildings for the campus.
If the position meets the conditions of the program,it will be listed on Clemson University's website. Students ask for the job and go through an interview(面试). If accepted, students are allowed to work for one term. Before they start, they are also required to take a class that tells them what to expect in the position. Finally, at the end of the term, students are tested on what they have learned from the experience.
The program has been a success from the very start. By 2014,Clemson University had 626 students working through the program. And Burton believes the program will have helped over 1,000 students by 2020.
“This is not just a success for the school. Students who take part in the program are 20% more likely to have a full-time job offer once they finish their studies. After all, every day spent in college should help prepare students for what comes after, not just classwork,” says Burton.
8.Why did Clemson University ask Burton to develop the program
A.To help poor students find jobs.
B.To research the relationship between studies and jobs.
C.To prepare students for the future after graduation.
D.To prepare some professional suggestions for Clemson University.
9.Which is the right order of the things students should do to work through the program
a.Ask for a position. b.Take a class.
c.Be tested. d.Work for one term.
e.Have an interview.
A.a, b, c, e, d. B.b, c, a, d, e.
C.a, e, b, c, d. D.a, e, b, d, c.
10.What can we know from Burton's words in the last paragraph
A.Campus jobs only help students with their studies.
B.Colleges can provide students with full-time jobs.
C.The program benefits students greatly.
D.Students working through the program are sure to find good jobs.
11.In which part of a website can we read the passage
A.Technology. B.Education.
C.Travel. D.Society.
D
Student loan debt has become a worldwide problem. In America, the country's overall student debt reached a record of $1.6 trillion in 2019.The average person with student loan debt owed between$20,000 and $25,000. A recent Japanese government report says it has been lending over $9 billion yearly to students since 2010.Similar conditions exist in Africa and South America.
Several factors account for high student loan debt. One is that employers everywhere have increased their demands for skilled workers, making higher education a requirement for many jobs. The students, however, after graduation, often find that their country's economy is not strong enough to support their financial needs, so their ability to pay back the loan becomes a problem.
To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways. Australia has developed a system where students do not have to pay anything back until they are earning at least $40,000 a year. In America, several candidates running for president in the 2020 election have offered more extreme solutions that all or at least some of these loans will be forgiven.
Some professors in several universities recently studied what the effects of debt forgiveness might be. They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.
Yet the professors' research doesn't include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects. If a borrower knew that if he ran into any trouble he would be saved because he could get the debt relief, then he might actually become more reckless (草率的) with his borrowing in the future.
No matter what, the professors agree that if countries do decide to approve some student debt relief, the neediest students should be helped first.
12.How does the author introduce the problem of student loan debt
A.By making a comparison.
B.By making classifications.
C.By presenting some statistics.
D.By setting down general rules.
13.What can we learn about student loan debt relief
A.It will surely provide some benefits to borrowers.
B.It has already been carried out in the United States.
C.It aims to encourage more students to borrow money.
D.It will prevent a person from landing a well-paying job.
14.What is the professors' attitude to debt forgiveness
A.Uncaring. B.Positive.
C.Disapproving. D.Cautious.
15.What's the main idea of the text
A.Student loan debt is the most serious problem worldwide.
B.Growing global student loan debt fuels the search for solutions.
C.Student loan debt tends to pull the needy out of trouble.
D.People hold different opinions on debt forgiveness.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Heading back to college this January One of your biggest expenses is likely to be textbooks. A report shows that college students spend about $1,200 on textbooks on average. 16
Turn to online resources.
Buying books online is not a new idea. Today, there are tons of websites where you can find your books. 17 They allow you to compare the cost from several different sites by a price comparison tool.
18
One reason why textbooks are so expensive is that they're constantly “updated”, even when the updating involves only very small edits. For classes with course content that's stable from year to year, just contact your professor to ask whether the latest edition is necessary.
Save with used books.
19 You can get a used book in good condition for up to 60% off. Just remember you have to be okay with some broken and folded pages.
Buy e-books whenever you can.
E-books are a great choice. Not only do they cost less than the printed ones, they're also more convenient. Depending on the e-reader you use, you can highlight certain passages and search the text for keywords. You can also take screenshots of graphs. 20
A.Consider buying the older edition.
B.Turn to your professor for second-hand books.
C.Still, there're plenty of ways you can save on textbooks.
D.Some textbook websites might be better places to start, though.
E.As for college textbooks, one of the best ways to save money is to buy the used.
F.Even used textbooks at the bookstore will be sold at a higher price than those online.
G.Even if you don't have an e-reader, you can still read on your laptop or smartphone.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lots of kids set up lemonade stands in the summer. For many, it's a first step toward learning what it means to 21 your own money. For 11-year-old Cartier Carey, it was a 22 to do a lot more. That's because Carey isn't using his 23 to open a first savings account. Instead, he's 24 it back into his community. His goal is to help single mothers in need. With all the stress and 25 uncertainty brought on by the pandemic, Carey decided to focus on the basics: diapers and wipes.
The idea for the project 26 while Carey was visiting his grandmother who lives in one of the area's more economically depressed neighborhoods. Carey, who is keenly observant for his age, was 27 by how many women he observed raising children on their own. By the end of July, Carey had raised close to $5,000 via the lemonade stand and from donations, and 28 about 6,500 diapers. As of September, at 22,000 diapers, he's 29 to achieving his total goal of 25,000.
But the generous 11-year-old is no 30 to worthy causes. Before becoming a “lemonade mogul”, Carey launched another community 31 titled “Carti packs”—provide care packages for the homeless that 32 such essentials as deodorant, soap, tissues, and even handwarmers for when the weather got 33 .
Carey says his greatest 34 comes from knowing he's made a difference and seeing how much his efforts have meant to the people he tries to 35 .
21.A.earn B.save C.spend D.control
22.A.risk B.chance C.course D.mission
23.A.stand B.profit C.fortune D.wisdom
24.A.investing B.holding C.lending D.drawing
25.A.political B.mental
C.financial D.commercial
26.A.took effectB.took root
C.made room D.made sense
27.A.delighted B.disappointed
C.relaxed D.shocked
28.A.distributeB.sold
C.selected D.produced
29.A.loyal B.used C.equal D.close
30.A.relief B.stranger C.truth D.use
31.A.career B.test
C.initiative D.investigation
32.A.returned B.employed
C.boosted D.contained
33.A.fine B.stormy
C.cold D.favorable
34.A.joy B.hope
C.effort D.contribution
35.A.please B.ignore C.identify D.serve
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many families in the United States have a 36 (large) income now than ever before, but people are finding it difficult 37 (make) ends meet anyway.
Why isn't a dollar worth as much as it used to be Economists say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay 38 the necessities of life. For many years now, the cost of living has increased 39 (great), so the value of the dollar has decreased.
No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps 40 (increase), but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn money, they have more money to spend, 41 they demand more goods. If there is 42 demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time, if there's a 43 (short) of goods, the prices also increase.
Families need to know 44 happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget. Budgeting 45 (help) you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你班将在下周举行一场主题为“Friendship”的演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示准备一份英语演讲稿。内容包括:
1.友谊的重要性;
2.如何使友谊长久。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Hello, boys and girls!
I feel honored to make a speech about “Friendship”.
That's all. Thank you.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
“Oh my God, buy it!” I believe that you are very familiar with Li Jiaqi's phrase. Livestreaming marketing is a method of selling products on live video streaming platforms, which are now mainly Taobao, Kuaishou and Douyin. On April 1st, 2020, Luo Yonghao finished his first livestreaming marketing on Douyin. Data showed that the total amount of payments reached 110 million yuan in 3 hours, which set the record of livestreaming marketing on Douyin.
One of the most popular functions of livestreaming is the “real-time connection”. Although traditional television shopping channels also allow viewers to instantly buy recommended items, they don't allow hosts to respond to real-time comments, nor can television sales data be readily collected to analyze customers' purchasing behaviors or performance indicators. With this feature, potential customers can get answers to pressing questions and gain a more comprehensive impression of the products, making promotional activities more convincing and effective.
Under the influence of the current epidemic, online shopping reduces direct contact between folks, having a certain guarantee for the health of residents. At the same time, many industries are hit by the epidemic. In this situation, many businessmen walked into the studio with the aim of recovering some of the damage for the business as much as possible.
Meanwhile, the expanding of 5G has created a favorable environment for livestreaming marketing. Supported by the technology of 5G, the image quality of the live stream is clearer, so more details can be showed to customers, which helps to provide them an entirely different experience. “With the arrival of the 5G era, livestreaming will be faster, allowing users to zoom in and out of videos to see more details of products,” said the general manager for e-commerce content at Taobao.
参考答案
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.D
8.C 9.D 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D
15.B 16.C 17.D 18.A 19.E 20.G 21.A
22.B 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.B 27.D 28.A
29.D 30.B 31.C 32.D 33.C 34.A 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些生活成本非常低的国家:厄瓜多尔、墨西哥、阿根廷和越南。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的You can live off a mere $700 to$800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.可知,在墨西哥居住一个月仅需要700美元到800美元,则一年需要约700×12=8,400美元到800×12=9,600美元。分析选项可知只有D选项(大约8,800美元)符合价格区间。
2.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years.以及最后一段中的Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years.可知,阿根廷和越南的共同之处是游客喜欢在这两个国家旅行。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的They even use the US dollar for their currency.可知,厄瓜多尔的货币是美元。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述的是Donna Strickland的获奖经历,她成为历史上第三位女性诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“I wondered if it was a joke,” Strickland said in an interview with a Nobel official after the call.可知,Strickland接到电话后的第一反应是怀疑。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The prize money 9 million kronor will be shared among the three. Half the prize went to Strickland and her cooperator Gerard Mourou可知Strickland得到的奖金是大约2,250,000克朗(900 million÷2÷2=2,250,000)。
6.D 主旨大意题。第四段介绍了历史上获得了诺贝尔物理学奖的三位女性。
7.D 词义猜测题。根据最后一段内容可推知,最后一句中的it指代的就是前面提到的“授予女性物理学家诺贝尔物理学奖”这件事。
C
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个校内工作项目及其为学生未来就业带来的益处。
8.C 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容尤其是首句可知,Clemson University让Burton开发一个不仅能创造更多职业而且能提供特殊职位的项目,这些特殊职位将教学生与他们的兴趣或研究领域有关的有价值的技能。由此可推知,Clemson University让Burton开发这个项目是为了让学生们为未来做准备。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第四段可知,这个项目的操作过程是:(1)Students ask for the job and go through an interview.(学生提出申请并通过面试);(2)Before they start, they are also required to take a class.(工作前他们还被要求上课);(3)If accepted, students are allowed to work for one term.(如果被接纳,准许学生工作一个学期);(4)Finally, at the end of the term, students are tested.(最后,学生在期末接受测试)。由此可知D项正确。
10.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Burton说的话可知,参加该项目的学生在完成学业后更可能获得全职工作,这个项目是对学生极有益的。因此C项正确。
11.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了校内工作项目为学生未来就业带来的益处,因此它与教育有关。
D
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生债务成全球性问题,各国都在寻求解决方案。
12.C 推理判断题。由第一段可知,在美国,2019年全国学生债务总额达到了创纪录的1.6万亿美元,平均每个学生的助学贷款在2万到2.5万美元之间;日本政府最近的一份报告说,自2010年以来,日本每年向学生发放的贷款已经超过90亿美元;非洲和南美洲也存在类似的情况。所以判断出作者通过展示一些统计数据来介绍学生贷款债务的问题。故选C项。A:通过作比较;B:通过分类;D:通过制订一般规则。
13.A 细节理解题。由第四段中的They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.可知债务减免给借款人带来了一些益处,改善了他们的生活,故选A。
14.D 推理判断题。根据第四段可知教授们发现免除债务有积极的作用。根据第五段中的Yet the professors research doesn t include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy...They warn of some other possible negative effects.可知,他们的研究不包括如果完全免除债务,金融机构或整个经济可能会发生什么,它只着眼于债务豁免将如何帮助借款人;他们警告说,还有其他一些可能的负面影响。由此可知,教授们认为免除债务既有积极效果也有一些负面影响,他们对债务豁免没有绝对支持,也没有坚决反对。由此判断出,教授们对债务豁免的态度是谨慎的。故选D项。A:冷漠的;B:积极的,正面的;C:不赞成的,表示反对的。
15.B 主旨大意题。由第一段内容尤其是其中的“Student loan debt has become a worldwide problem.”可知学生贷款债务已经成为一个世界性的问题;由第三段内容尤其是其中的“To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways.”可知为了解决这个问题,许多国家都在寻找解决方案;文章后三段讲的债务豁免也是一种解决方案,故选B项(全球学生贷款债务的增加刺激了解决方法的寻找)。A项(学生贷款债务是世界范围内最严重的问题)范围太广,夸大了它的严重性,故排除A项;C项(学生贷款债务往往能帮助贫困的人摆脱困境)与原文不符,学生贷款债务可能会给学生带来困扰,而不是帮助学生,故排除C项;文中只提到了那些教授的看法,并没有提到其他人的看法,没有涉及人们的不同看法,故D项错误。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学生入学后最大的开支之一就是买课本,文章就如何节省这笔开销提供了四点建议。
16.C 根据上文One of your biggest expenses is likely to be textbooks. A report shows that college students spend about $1,200 on textbooks on average.可知,大学生最大的开支之一可能是课本。一份报告显示,大学生在课本上的平均花费约为1,200美元。结合后文介绍的“如何在买课本上省钱”可知,C项承接上下文。该选项中的save on textbooks与后文几段关于“如何在买课本上省钱”的内容对应。
17.D 由本段的小标题Turn to online resources.和空前Today, there are tons of websites where you can find your books.可知D项切题。该选项中的Some textbook websites对应空前的websites where you can find your books。
18.A 根据本段内容可知,教科书如此昂贵的一个原因是它们经常被“更新”,即使更新只涉及很少的编辑。对于课程内容逐年稳定的课程,只需联系你的教授,询问是否需要最新版本。故A项切题。下文中的“教科书更新只涉及很少的编辑,联系教授询问是否需要最新版本”表明,建议学生买旧版书。
19.E 根据本段小标题Save with used books.和空后一句You can get a used book in good condition for up to 60% off.可知E项切题。该选项中的to save money is to buy the used对应小标题,也对应空后的get a used book in good condition for up to 60% off。
20.G 根据本段小标题Buy e-books whenever you can.可知,本段讲的是买电子书,由空前Depending on the e-reader you use, you can highlight certain passages and search the text for keywords. You can also take screenshots of graphs.可知G项切题。该选项中的an e-reader对应上文中的the e-reader。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是小男孩Cartier Carey用通过自己的努力赚到的钱和募捐筹集的资金为社区单亲妈妈送来尿布和湿巾等物品,服务他人、回报社会的事情,并且Carey并不是第一次做这样有意义的事情了,他认为帮助他人带来的快乐和意义重大非凡。
21.A 句意:对很多人来说,这是学习自己挣钱意味着什么的第一步。earn 赚得,博得;save 节约,拯救;spend 花费; control 控制。根据前一句Lots of kids set up lemonade stands in the summer. (夏天很多孩子摆起了柠檬水摊位。)和空后的your own money可知他们卖东西是为了赚钱,这是他们学习自己“赚钱”意味着什么的第一步,故选A项。
22.B 句意:对于11岁的Cartier Carey来说,这是一个做更多事情的机会。risk 风险;chance 机会; course 课程;mission 使命。根据下文Instead, he s 24 it back into his community. His goal is to help single mothers in need.可知,Carey赚了钱是要用来帮助别人的,对他来说这是一个做更多事情的机会,故选B项。
23.B 句意:那是因为Carey没有把赚到的钱用来开第一个储蓄账户。stand 立场,货摊; profit 利润,收益;fortune 巨款;wisdom 智慧。根据下文Instead, he s 24 it back into his community. His goal is to help single mothers in need.可知他把赚到的钱(利润)用于投资回报社区了,而不是储存起来,故选B项。
24.A 句意:相反,他把钱投回了他的社区。invest投资,投入; hold持有;lend借出;draw画。根据下文With all the stress and 25 uncertainty brought on by the pandemic, Carey decided to focus on the basics: diapers and wipes.可知Carey将他的钱投入到社区里,重点是尿布和湿巾。故选A项。
25.C 句意:因为流行病带来的压力和财务不确定性,Carey决定把重点放在最基本的东西上:尿布和湿巾。political 政治的;mental 精神的;financial 财务的;commercial 商业的。根据句意可知Carey的重点在于尿布和湿巾,旨在帮助有需要的单亲妈妈,单亲妈妈相对来说缺钱,全文讲述的是钱,所以和流行病带来的压力并列的是“财务的不确定性”,故选C项。
26.B 句意:这个项目的想法是在Carey拜访他的祖母时生根的,他的祖母住在这个地区中的一个经济比较萧条的社区。take effect 生效;take root 生根;make room 腾空间;make sense 有道理。根据句意可知,此处是指这个项目想法的“起源”,所以是“生根(took root)”,故选B项。
27.D 此处是说Carey被他所观察到的那么多独自抚养孩子的妇女所震惊。delight使高兴;disappoint使失望;relax放松;shock使震惊。根据Carey帮助单亲妈妈的做法可知,他被单亲妈妈这个群体和现状“震惊”了,故选D项。
28.A 句意:到7月底,Carey已经通过柠檬水摊和募捐筹集了近5,000美元,分发了大约6,500块尿布。distribute分配,分发;sell 出售;select挑选;produce生产。由前文可知Carey的目标是帮助单亲妈妈,所以是摆摊赚到的钱和募捐得到的钱用于购买尿布,并分发给单亲妈妈,故选A项。
29.D loyal 忠诚的;used 习惯的,用过的;equal 平等的;close 接近的。由2.2万个尿布可知是“接近”2.5万个尿布的目标了,故选D项。
30.B 句意:但是,这个慷慨的11岁的孩子对有价值的事业并不陌生。relief 减轻;stranger 陌生人;truth 真理;use使用,用途。根据下文Before becoming a “lemonade mogul”, Carey launched another community...weather got 33 .可知Carey不是第一次做这样有价值的事情了,所以对此并不陌生,故选B项。
31.C 句意:在成为“柠檬水大亨”之前,Carey发起了另一项名为“Carti packs”的社区倡议——为无家可归者提供护理包,里面有除臭剂、肥皂、纸巾,甚至有天气变冷时用的暖手炉。career 事业;test试验;initiative 倡议; investigation 调查。由“launched (发起)”以及项目的内容“为无家可归者提供的护理包”可知这是一项“社区倡议(community initiative)”,故选C项。
32.D 句意同上。return返回;employ雇用;boost推动;contain包含。由护理包(care packages)以及除臭剂、肥皂、纸巾、暖手炉等物品并结合语境和常识可知,是护理包“包含”这些物品,故选D项。
33.C 句意同31题。fine 好的;stormy 有暴风雨的;cold 冷的;favorable 支持的。由“hand warmers(暖手炉)”可知是天气“变冷”,故选C项。
34.A 句意:Carey说,他最大的快乐来自知道自己有了作用,看到自己的努力对他努力服务的人意味着多么多。joy 愉快;hope 希望;effort 努力;contribution 贡献。根据句意可知,此处是指给别人提供服务让Carey感受到了快乐。故选A项。
35.D 句意同上。please 使……高兴; ignore 忽视;identify 识别,鉴定;serve服务,招待。由前文内容可知,Carey所做的事情是在为他人“服务”,故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.a savings account 储蓄账户 2.uncertainty n. 不确定性 3.focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 4.keenly adv. 灵敏地,敏锐地 5.essential n. 必需品
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。美国的很多家庭现在的收入比以往任何时候都多,但人们发现无论如何都很难维持收支平衡。本文对这一现象做了分析。
36.larger 考查形容词比较级。根据than可知设空处用形容词比较级,故答案为larger。
37.to make 考查不定式。“find+it+形容词+动词不定式”为固定结构, it是形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。
38.for 考查介词。句意:经济学家说,生活成本是家庭必须为生活必需品支付的钱。pay for为……付钱。
39.greatly 考查副词。修饰has increased应用副词形式。
40.increasing 考查动名词。句意:没有人完全理解为什么生活成本持续上涨,但经济学家认为,工人和生产者可以使价格上涨。keep doing sth.继续做某事。
41.so 考查连词。分析句子逻辑关系可知空前后是因果关系,空后表示结果,故答案为so。
42.a 考查冠词。句意:如果对某些商品有需求,这些商品的价格就会上涨。此处表泛指,应用不定冠词;a demand for对……的需求;demand以辅音音素开头,故填a。
43.shortage 考查名词。句意:与此同时,如果商品短缺,价格也会上涨。a shortage of缺少……。故答案为shortage。
44.what 考查宾语从句。句意:家庭需要知道他们的钱的下落。know后面是宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,指“……的事情”,故答案为what。
45.helps 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:当生活成本增加时,预算帮助你明智地花钱。此处是动名词作主语,指客观事实,故主句用一般现在时,主句谓语用第三人称单数形式。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Hello, boys and girls!
I feel honored to make a speech about “Friendship”. As we all know, friendship plays an important part in our life. Having friends is similar to having a family. They are people that you can count on in your greatest time of need. When we have close friends, we can share happiness with them and get support and encouragement from them. This can make us live a much happier life.
So what can we do to keep a long-lasting friendship In my opinion, not only should we show respect for our friends, but also it is necessary to trust them. We must respect our friends and treat them in the way we want to be treated. Moreover, it s good to have a chat with our friends at times, which will strengthen mutual understanding.
That’s all. Thank you.
第二节
One possible version:
Nowadays livestreaming marketing is becoming a big hit. (要点1) One reason is that its “real-time connection” strengthens the interaction between hosts and customers, making more sales happen.(要点2) Also, without direct contact, it is especially welcomed during the epidemic and helps reduce the losses of businessmen.(要点3) Meanwhile, the 5G technology provides customers with a brand-new purchasing experience with faster livestreaming and more specific details. (要点4)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The cost of living in countries like the US, Britain, Australia or France has skyrocketed in recent years. However, if you're willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries boasting an extremely cheap and low cost of living. Check out the following countries when planning your next move.
Ecuador
Ecuador is similar to the United States in many ways, and as a result has become a popular American getaway. They even use the US dollar for their currency. In this country, it's cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on a budget in the US. You can even buy a building for around $50,000 and hire someone to look after it while you're away.
Mexico
Although the country is known for its poverty-ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that provide various facilities you might need. You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.
Argentina
Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years. It has great restaurants, rich history, and many places to explore. Not to mention, it's not very expensive to live here. A decent sized home can cost around $139,000, which is relatively cheap compared to homes in the United States.
Vietnam
Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years. There are many million-dollar luxury homes by the beach, but you can find a modest flat or a small home for around $25,000 to $50,000 if you search in the right areas.
1.How much does it cost to live in Mexico for a year
A.About $12,000. B.About $7,000.
C.About $8,000. D.About $8,800.
2.What do Argentina and Vietnam have in common
A.They both have great restaurants.
B.The cost of living in them is both expensive.
C.Tourists enjoy travelling in the two countries.
D.The middle-sized homes both cost around $139,000.
3.In which country is the US dollar used for its currency
A.Ecuador. B.Mexico.
C.Argentina. D.Vietnam.
B
It was about five in the morning in Ontario, Canada, when Donna Strickland's phone rang. The Nobel Prize committee was on the line in Stockholm, calling to tell her she had won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
“I wondered if it was a joke,” Strickland said in an interview with a Nobel official after the call. She had been asleep when the call arrived. “Something was wrong because it came so early in the morning. But then I knew it was the right day, and it would have been a cruel joke.”
Strickland, an associate professor at the University of Waterloo, shares the honor with two other scientists for their work in the 1980s in transforming lasers(激光)into tiny tools that today has countless application. The prize money 9 million kronor will be shared among the three. Half the prize went to Strickland and her cooperator Gerard Mourou, a professor at the Ecole Poly technique in France. The other half was awarded to Arthur Ashkin, a retired physicist who worked at the famous Bell Labs in the United States.
Strickland's win is historic in more than one way. It's been over 55 years since a woman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1903, Marie Curie became the first-ever woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics. For the next 60 years, no women physicists were awarded. Maria Goeppert-Mayer became the second woman physicist to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963.
Strickland herself was surprised to learn she was the third woman to receive the honor in physics. “Is that all, really I thought there might have been more,” she said at a press conference on Tuesday. “We need to celebrate women physicists, because we're out there. Hopefully, in time, it will start to move forward at a faster rate.”
4.What was Strickland's first reaction after she received the call
A.She felt all efforts paid off.
B.She was too excited to say a word.
C.She was doubtful about it.
D.She was annoyed at being waken up.
5.How much money did Strickland get for winning the Nobel Prize
A.About 2,250,000 kronor.
B.About 18 million kronor.
C.About 4,500,000 kronor.
D.About 9 million kronor.
6.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Strickland's achievements in physics.
B.The history of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
C.Strickland's struggle to win the Nobel Prize.
D.Three women winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics in history.
7.What does the underlined “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A.The Nobel Prize in Physics.
B.The achievement of men physicists.
C.The celebration of the Nobel Prize winners.
D.Awarding women physicists the Nobel Prize in Physics.
C
In America, experts find that campus jobs can help students not only with their studies,but also with their lives after school. That is why more and more universities are providing work experience for students.
In 2011, Clemson University, a public university in South Carolina, asked Neil Burton, head of the Career Center, to develop a program that was not only a way of creating more jobs,but also a way to provide special positions that would teach students valuable skills related to their interests or fields of study. It also wanted the students to work in professional environments that would provide useful experience in their job searches after college.
The program works like this: any professor or student in Clemson University in need of professional help can come up with a plan. This could be a biology professor looking for a research assistant, or an administrator who needs help raising donations for the school. It can also be any outside organization that works with Clemson University, such as a company that is designing new buildings for the campus.
If the position meets the conditions of the program,it will be listed on Clemson University's website. Students ask for the job and go through an interview(面试). If accepted, students are allowed to work for one term. Before they start, they are also required to take a class that tells them what to expect in the position. Finally, at the end of the term, students are tested on what they have learned from the experience.
The program has been a success from the very start. By 2014,Clemson University had 626 students working through the program. And Burton believes the program will have helped over 1,000 students by 2020.
“This is not just a success for the school. Students who take part in the program are 20% more likely to have a full-time job offer once they finish their studies. After all, every day spent in college should help prepare students for what comes after, not just classwork,” says Burton.
8.Why did Clemson University ask Burton to develop the program
A.To help poor students find jobs.
B.To research the relationship between studies and jobs.
C.To prepare students for the future after graduation.
D.To prepare some professional suggestions for Clemson University.
9.Which is the right order of the things students should do to work through the program
a.Ask for a position. b.Take a class.
c.Be tested. d.Work for one term.
e.Have an interview.
A.a, b, c, e, d. B.b, c, a, d, e.
C.a, e, b, c, d. D.a, e, b, d, c.
10.What can we know from Burton's words in the last paragraph
A.Campus jobs only help students with their studies.
B.Colleges can provide students with full-time jobs.
C.The program benefits students greatly.
D.Students working through the program are sure to find good jobs.
11.In which part of a website can we read the passage
A.Technology. B.Education.
C.Travel. D.Society.
D
Student loan debt has become a worldwide problem. In America, the country's overall student debt reached a record of $1.6 trillion in 2019.The average person with student loan debt owed between$20,000 and $25,000. A recent Japanese government report says it has been lending over $9 billion yearly to students since 2010.Similar conditions exist in Africa and South America.
Several factors account for high student loan debt. One is that employers everywhere have increased their demands for skilled workers, making higher education a requirement for many jobs. The students, however, after graduation, often find that their country's economy is not strong enough to support their financial needs, so their ability to pay back the loan becomes a problem.
To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways. Australia has developed a system where students do not have to pay anything back until they are earning at least $40,000 a year. In America, several candidates running for president in the 2020 election have offered more extreme solutions that all or at least some of these loans will be forgiven.
Some professors in several universities recently studied what the effects of debt forgiveness might be. They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.
Yet the professors' research doesn't include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects. If a borrower knew that if he ran into any trouble he would be saved because he could get the debt relief, then he might actually become more reckless (草率的) with his borrowing in the future.
No matter what, the professors agree that if countries do decide to approve some student debt relief, the neediest students should be helped first.
12.How does the author introduce the problem of student loan debt
A.By making a comparison.
B.By making classifications.
C.By presenting some statistics.
D.By setting down general rules.
13.What can we learn about student loan debt relief
A.It will surely provide some benefits to borrowers.
B.It has already been carried out in the United States.
C.It aims to encourage more students to borrow money.
D.It will prevent a person from landing a well-paying job.
14.What is the professors' attitude to debt forgiveness
A.Uncaring. B.Positive.
C.Disapproving. D.Cautious.
15.What's the main idea of the text
A.Student loan debt is the most serious problem worldwide.
B.Growing global student loan debt fuels the search for solutions.
C.Student loan debt tends to pull the needy out of trouble.
D.People hold different opinions on debt forgiveness.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Heading back to college this January One of your biggest expenses is likely to be textbooks. A report shows that college students spend about $1,200 on textbooks on average. 16
Turn to online resources.
Buying books online is not a new idea. Today, there are tons of websites where you can find your books. 17 They allow you to compare the cost from several different sites by a price comparison tool.
18
One reason why textbooks are so expensive is that they're constantly “updated”, even when the updating involves only very small edits. For classes with course content that's stable from year to year, just contact your professor to ask whether the latest edition is necessary.
Save with used books.
19 You can get a used book in good condition for up to 60% off. Just remember you have to be okay with some broken and folded pages.
Buy e-books whenever you can.
E-books are a great choice. Not only do they cost less than the printed ones, they're also more convenient. Depending on the e-reader you use, you can highlight certain passages and search the text for keywords. You can also take screenshots of graphs. 20
A.Consider buying the older edition.
B.Turn to your professor for second-hand books.
C.Still, there're plenty of ways you can save on textbooks.
D.Some textbook websites might be better places to start, though.
E.As for college textbooks, one of the best ways to save money is to buy the used.
F.Even used textbooks at the bookstore will be sold at a higher price than those online.
G.Even if you don't have an e-reader, you can still read on your laptop or smartphone.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lots of kids set up lemonade stands in the summer. For many, it's a first step toward learning what it means to 21 your own money. For 11-year-old Cartier Carey, it was a 22 to do a lot more. That's because Carey isn't using his 23 to open a first savings account. Instead, he's 24 it back into his community. His goal is to help single mothers in need. With all the stress and 25 uncertainty brought on by the pandemic, Carey decided to focus on the basics: diapers and wipes.
The idea for the project 26 while Carey was visiting his grandmother who lives in one of the area's more economically depressed neighborhoods. Carey, who is keenly observant for his age, was 27 by how many women he observed raising children on their own. By the end of July, Carey had raised close to $5,000 via the lemonade stand and from donations, and 28 about 6,500 diapers. As of September, at 22,000 diapers, he's 29 to achieving his total goal of 25,000.
But the generous 11-year-old is no 30 to worthy causes. Before becoming a “lemonade mogul”, Carey launched another community 31 titled “Carti packs”—provide care packages for the homeless that 32 such essentials as deodorant, soap, tissues, and even handwarmers for when the weather got 33 .
Carey says his greatest 34 comes from knowing he's made a difference and seeing how much his efforts have meant to the people he tries to 35 .
21.A.earn B.save C.spend D.control
22.A.risk B.chance C.course D.mission
23.A.stand B.profit C.fortune D.wisdom
24.A.investing B.holding C.lending D.drawing
25.A.political B.mental
C.financial D.commercial
26.A.took effectB.took root
C.made room D.made sense
27.A.delighted B.disappointed
C.relaxed D.shocked
28.A.distributeB.sold
C.selected D.produced
29.A.loyal B.used C.equal D.close
30.A.relief B.stranger C.truth D.use
31.A.career B.test
C.initiative D.investigation
32.A.returned B.employed
C.boosted D.contained
33.A.fine B.stormy
C.cold D.favorable
34.A.joy B.hope
C.effort D.contribution
35.A.please B.ignore C.identify D.serve
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many families in the United States have a 36 (large) income now than ever before, but people are finding it difficult 37 (make) ends meet anyway.
Why isn't a dollar worth as much as it used to be Economists say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay 38 the necessities of life. For many years now, the cost of living has increased 39 (great), so the value of the dollar has decreased.
No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps 40 (increase), but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn money, they have more money to spend, 41 they demand more goods. If there is 42 demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time, if there's a 43 (short) of goods, the prices also increase.
Families need to know 44 happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget. Budgeting 45 (help) you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你班将在下周举行一场主题为“Friendship”的演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示准备一份英语演讲稿。内容包括:
1.友谊的重要性;
2.如何使友谊长久。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Hello, boys and girls!
I feel honored to make a speech about “Friendship”.
That's all. Thank you.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
“Oh my God, buy it!” I believe that you are very familiar with Li Jiaqi's phrase. Livestreaming marketing is a method of selling products on live video streaming platforms, which are now mainly Taobao, Kuaishou and Douyin. On April 1st, 2020, Luo Yonghao finished his first livestreaming marketing on Douyin. Data showed that the total amount of payments reached 110 million yuan in 3 hours, which set the record of livestreaming marketing on Douyin.
One of the most popular functions of livestreaming is the “real-time connection”. Although traditional television shopping channels also allow viewers to instantly buy recommended items, they don't allow hosts to respond to real-time comments, nor can television sales data be readily collected to analyze customers' purchasing behaviors or performance indicators. With this feature, potential customers can get answers to pressing questions and gain a more comprehensive impression of the products, making promotional activities more convincing and effective.
Under the influence of the current epidemic, online shopping reduces direct contact between folks, having a certain guarantee for the health of residents. At the same time, many industries are hit by the epidemic. In this situation, many businessmen walked into the studio with the aim of recovering some of the damage for the business as much as possible.
Meanwhile, the expanding of 5G has created a favorable environment for livestreaming marketing. Supported by the technology of 5G, the image quality of the live stream is clearer, so more details can be showed to customers, which helps to provide them an entirely different experience. “With the arrival of the 5G era, livestreaming will be faster, allowing users to zoom in and out of videos to see more details of products,” said the general manager for e-commerce content at Taobao.
参考答案
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.D
8.C 9.D 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D
15.B 16.C 17.D 18.A 19.E 20.G 21.A
22.B 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.B 27.D 28.A
29.D 30.B 31.C 32.D 33.C 34.A 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些生活成本非常低的国家:厄瓜多尔、墨西哥、阿根廷和越南。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的You can live off a mere $700 to$800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.可知,在墨西哥居住一个月仅需要700美元到800美元,则一年需要约700×12=8,400美元到800×12=9,600美元。分析选项可知只有D选项(大约8,800美元)符合价格区间。
2.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years.以及最后一段中的Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years.可知,阿根廷和越南的共同之处是游客喜欢在这两个国家旅行。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的They even use the US dollar for their currency.可知,厄瓜多尔的货币是美元。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述的是Donna Strickland的获奖经历,她成为历史上第三位女性诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“I wondered if it was a joke,” Strickland said in an interview with a Nobel official after the call.可知,Strickland接到电话后的第一反应是怀疑。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The prize money 9 million kronor will be shared among the three. Half the prize went to Strickland and her cooperator Gerard Mourou可知Strickland得到的奖金是大约2,250,000克朗(900 million÷2÷2=2,250,000)。
6.D 主旨大意题。第四段介绍了历史上获得了诺贝尔物理学奖的三位女性。
7.D 词义猜测题。根据最后一段内容可推知,最后一句中的it指代的就是前面提到的“授予女性物理学家诺贝尔物理学奖”这件事。
C
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个校内工作项目及其为学生未来就业带来的益处。
8.C 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容尤其是首句可知,Clemson University让Burton开发一个不仅能创造更多职业而且能提供特殊职位的项目,这些特殊职位将教学生与他们的兴趣或研究领域有关的有价值的技能。由此可推知,Clemson University让Burton开发这个项目是为了让学生们为未来做准备。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第四段可知,这个项目的操作过程是:(1)Students ask for the job and go through an interview.(学生提出申请并通过面试);(2)Before they start, they are also required to take a class.(工作前他们还被要求上课);(3)If accepted, students are allowed to work for one term.(如果被接纳,准许学生工作一个学期);(4)Finally, at the end of the term, students are tested.(最后,学生在期末接受测试)。由此可知D项正确。
10.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Burton说的话可知,参加该项目的学生在完成学业后更可能获得全职工作,这个项目是对学生极有益的。因此C项正确。
11.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了校内工作项目为学生未来就业带来的益处,因此它与教育有关。
D
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生债务成全球性问题,各国都在寻求解决方案。
12.C 推理判断题。由第一段可知,在美国,2019年全国学生债务总额达到了创纪录的1.6万亿美元,平均每个学生的助学贷款在2万到2.5万美元之间;日本政府最近的一份报告说,自2010年以来,日本每年向学生发放的贷款已经超过90亿美元;非洲和南美洲也存在类似的情况。所以判断出作者通过展示一些统计数据来介绍学生贷款债务的问题。故选C项。A:通过作比较;B:通过分类;D:通过制订一般规则。
13.A 细节理解题。由第四段中的They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.可知债务减免给借款人带来了一些益处,改善了他们的生活,故选A。
14.D 推理判断题。根据第四段可知教授们发现免除债务有积极的作用。根据第五段中的Yet the professors research doesn t include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy...They warn of some other possible negative effects.可知,他们的研究不包括如果完全免除债务,金融机构或整个经济可能会发生什么,它只着眼于债务豁免将如何帮助借款人;他们警告说,还有其他一些可能的负面影响。由此可知,教授们认为免除债务既有积极效果也有一些负面影响,他们对债务豁免没有绝对支持,也没有坚决反对。由此判断出,教授们对债务豁免的态度是谨慎的。故选D项。A:冷漠的;B:积极的,正面的;C:不赞成的,表示反对的。
15.B 主旨大意题。由第一段内容尤其是其中的“Student loan debt has become a worldwide problem.”可知学生贷款债务已经成为一个世界性的问题;由第三段内容尤其是其中的“To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways.”可知为了解决这个问题,许多国家都在寻找解决方案;文章后三段讲的债务豁免也是一种解决方案,故选B项(全球学生贷款债务的增加刺激了解决方法的寻找)。A项(学生贷款债务是世界范围内最严重的问题)范围太广,夸大了它的严重性,故排除A项;C项(学生贷款债务往往能帮助贫困的人摆脱困境)与原文不符,学生贷款债务可能会给学生带来困扰,而不是帮助学生,故排除C项;文中只提到了那些教授的看法,并没有提到其他人的看法,没有涉及人们的不同看法,故D项错误。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学生入学后最大的开支之一就是买课本,文章就如何节省这笔开销提供了四点建议。
16.C 根据上文One of your biggest expenses is likely to be textbooks. A report shows that college students spend about $1,200 on textbooks on average.可知,大学生最大的开支之一可能是课本。一份报告显示,大学生在课本上的平均花费约为1,200美元。结合后文介绍的“如何在买课本上省钱”可知,C项承接上下文。该选项中的save on textbooks与后文几段关于“如何在买课本上省钱”的内容对应。
17.D 由本段的小标题Turn to online resources.和空前Today, there are tons of websites where you can find your books.可知D项切题。该选项中的Some textbook websites对应空前的websites where you can find your books。
18.A 根据本段内容可知,教科书如此昂贵的一个原因是它们经常被“更新”,即使更新只涉及很少的编辑。对于课程内容逐年稳定的课程,只需联系你的教授,询问是否需要最新版本。故A项切题。下文中的“教科书更新只涉及很少的编辑,联系教授询问是否需要最新版本”表明,建议学生买旧版书。
19.E 根据本段小标题Save with used books.和空后一句You can get a used book in good condition for up to 60% off.可知E项切题。该选项中的to save money is to buy the used对应小标题,也对应空后的get a used book in good condition for up to 60% off。
20.G 根据本段小标题Buy e-books whenever you can.可知,本段讲的是买电子书,由空前Depending on the e-reader you use, you can highlight certain passages and search the text for keywords. You can also take screenshots of graphs.可知G项切题。该选项中的an e-reader对应上文中的the e-reader。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是小男孩Cartier Carey用通过自己的努力赚到的钱和募捐筹集的资金为社区单亲妈妈送来尿布和湿巾等物品,服务他人、回报社会的事情,并且Carey并不是第一次做这样有意义的事情了,他认为帮助他人带来的快乐和意义重大非凡。
21.A 句意:对很多人来说,这是学习自己挣钱意味着什么的第一步。earn 赚得,博得;save 节约,拯救;spend 花费; control 控制。根据前一句Lots of kids set up lemonade stands in the summer. (夏天很多孩子摆起了柠檬水摊位。)和空后的your own money可知他们卖东西是为了赚钱,这是他们学习自己“赚钱”意味着什么的第一步,故选A项。
22.B 句意:对于11岁的Cartier Carey来说,这是一个做更多事情的机会。risk 风险;chance 机会; course 课程;mission 使命。根据下文Instead, he s 24 it back into his community. His goal is to help single mothers in need.可知,Carey赚了钱是要用来帮助别人的,对他来说这是一个做更多事情的机会,故选B项。
23.B 句意:那是因为Carey没有把赚到的钱用来开第一个储蓄账户。stand 立场,货摊; profit 利润,收益;fortune 巨款;wisdom 智慧。根据下文Instead, he s 24 it back into his community. His goal is to help single mothers in need.可知他把赚到的钱(利润)用于投资回报社区了,而不是储存起来,故选B项。
24.A 句意:相反,他把钱投回了他的社区。invest投资,投入; hold持有;lend借出;draw画。根据下文With all the stress and 25 uncertainty brought on by the pandemic, Carey decided to focus on the basics: diapers and wipes.可知Carey将他的钱投入到社区里,重点是尿布和湿巾。故选A项。
25.C 句意:因为流行病带来的压力和财务不确定性,Carey决定把重点放在最基本的东西上:尿布和湿巾。political 政治的;mental 精神的;financial 财务的;commercial 商业的。根据句意可知Carey的重点在于尿布和湿巾,旨在帮助有需要的单亲妈妈,单亲妈妈相对来说缺钱,全文讲述的是钱,所以和流行病带来的压力并列的是“财务的不确定性”,故选C项。
26.B 句意:这个项目的想法是在Carey拜访他的祖母时生根的,他的祖母住在这个地区中的一个经济比较萧条的社区。take effect 生效;take root 生根;make room 腾空间;make sense 有道理。根据句意可知,此处是指这个项目想法的“起源”,所以是“生根(took root)”,故选B项。
27.D 此处是说Carey被他所观察到的那么多独自抚养孩子的妇女所震惊。delight使高兴;disappoint使失望;relax放松;shock使震惊。根据Carey帮助单亲妈妈的做法可知,他被单亲妈妈这个群体和现状“震惊”了,故选D项。
28.A 句意:到7月底,Carey已经通过柠檬水摊和募捐筹集了近5,000美元,分发了大约6,500块尿布。distribute分配,分发;sell 出售;select挑选;produce生产。由前文可知Carey的目标是帮助单亲妈妈,所以是摆摊赚到的钱和募捐得到的钱用于购买尿布,并分发给单亲妈妈,故选A项。
29.D loyal 忠诚的;used 习惯的,用过的;equal 平等的;close 接近的。由2.2万个尿布可知是“接近”2.5万个尿布的目标了,故选D项。
30.B 句意:但是,这个慷慨的11岁的孩子对有价值的事业并不陌生。relief 减轻;stranger 陌生人;truth 真理;use使用,用途。根据下文Before becoming a “lemonade mogul”, Carey launched another community...weather got 33 .可知Carey不是第一次做这样有价值的事情了,所以对此并不陌生,故选B项。
31.C 句意:在成为“柠檬水大亨”之前,Carey发起了另一项名为“Carti packs”的社区倡议——为无家可归者提供护理包,里面有除臭剂、肥皂、纸巾,甚至有天气变冷时用的暖手炉。career 事业;test试验;initiative 倡议; investigation 调查。由“launched (发起)”以及项目的内容“为无家可归者提供的护理包”可知这是一项“社区倡议(community initiative)”,故选C项。
32.D 句意同上。return返回;employ雇用;boost推动;contain包含。由护理包(care packages)以及除臭剂、肥皂、纸巾、暖手炉等物品并结合语境和常识可知,是护理包“包含”这些物品,故选D项。
33.C 句意同31题。fine 好的;stormy 有暴风雨的;cold 冷的;favorable 支持的。由“hand warmers(暖手炉)”可知是天气“变冷”,故选C项。
34.A 句意:Carey说,他最大的快乐来自知道自己有了作用,看到自己的努力对他努力服务的人意味着多么多。joy 愉快;hope 希望;effort 努力;contribution 贡献。根据句意可知,此处是指给别人提供服务让Carey感受到了快乐。故选A项。
35.D 句意同上。please 使……高兴; ignore 忽视;identify 识别,鉴定;serve服务,招待。由前文内容可知,Carey所做的事情是在为他人“服务”,故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.a savings account 储蓄账户 2.uncertainty n. 不确定性 3.focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 4.keenly adv. 灵敏地,敏锐地 5.essential n. 必需品
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。美国的很多家庭现在的收入比以往任何时候都多,但人们发现无论如何都很难维持收支平衡。本文对这一现象做了分析。
36.larger 考查形容词比较级。根据than可知设空处用形容词比较级,故答案为larger。
37.to make 考查不定式。“find+it+形容词+动词不定式”为固定结构, it是形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。
38.for 考查介词。句意:经济学家说,生活成本是家庭必须为生活必需品支付的钱。pay for为……付钱。
39.greatly 考查副词。修饰has increased应用副词形式。
40.increasing 考查动名词。句意:没有人完全理解为什么生活成本持续上涨,但经济学家认为,工人和生产者可以使价格上涨。keep doing sth.继续做某事。
41.so 考查连词。分析句子逻辑关系可知空前后是因果关系,空后表示结果,故答案为so。
42.a 考查冠词。句意:如果对某些商品有需求,这些商品的价格就会上涨。此处表泛指,应用不定冠词;a demand for对……的需求;demand以辅音音素开头,故填a。
43.shortage 考查名词。句意:与此同时,如果商品短缺,价格也会上涨。a shortage of缺少……。故答案为shortage。
44.what 考查宾语从句。句意:家庭需要知道他们的钱的下落。know后面是宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,指“……的事情”,故答案为what。
45.helps 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:当生活成本增加时,预算帮助你明智地花钱。此处是动名词作主语,指客观事实,故主句用一般现在时,主句谓语用第三人称单数形式。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Hello, boys and girls!
I feel honored to make a speech about “Friendship”. As we all know, friendship plays an important part in our life. Having friends is similar to having a family. They are people that you can count on in your greatest time of need. When we have close friends, we can share happiness with them and get support and encouragement from them. This can make us live a much happier life.
So what can we do to keep a long-lasting friendship In my opinion, not only should we show respect for our friends, but also it is necessary to trust them. We must respect our friends and treat them in the way we want to be treated. Moreover, it s good to have a chat with our friends at times, which will strengthen mutual understanding.
That’s all. Thank you.
第二节
One possible version:
Nowadays livestreaming marketing is becoming a big hit. (要点1) One reason is that its “real-time connection” strengthens the interaction between hosts and customers, making more sales happen.(要点2) Also, without direct contact, it is especially welcomed during the epidemic and helps reduce the losses of businessmen.(要点3) Meanwhile, the 5G technology provides customers with a brand-new purchasing experience with faster livestreaming and more specific details. (要点4)