人教新课标必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 单元测评（含答案）

必修三：Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
【高效检测评价案】
必做题（85分）
运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文（10分）
With the development of science, man wants to find whether life 1___(存在)on Mars. Man has known a little about Mars. 2____ （不像）the earth, there is almost no 3____（氧气）on Mars and it might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night, which 4______（阻止我们） living there. However, scientists find signs that water flowed across its surface in the past. They think a long time ago volcanoes on the planet 5_______（爆发）, the 6_________ (大气层)was thicker and warmer, and there was water. They 7_________ （感到振奋）when finding this. In some way there may have been life on Mars
8_____ （既然）Mars are quite different from our earth, whether we can land on Mars 9._______（取决于） the development of science and technology. Although it seems to be only a dream to land on Mars, scientists are certain that man will land on Mars10.________（迟早）.
单项选择（每题1分，满分10分）
11. Please follow the instructions step by step, and soon you will __________ it.
A. get rid of B. get away with
C. get the hang of D. watch out for
12. He works so hard that it seems nothing can ____ him ____ succeeding.
A. prevent…from B. keep…in
C. protect…from D. shelter…from
13. ______ you don’t believe in me, I will not give you any advice.
A. Now that B. Though
C. Unless D. For
14. Theories come from practice and _____ serve practice.
A. in its turn B. in turn
C. by turns D. at turn
15. We do not own the building. ______ , it would be impossible for us to make any major changes to it.
A. However B. But
C. Though D. Thus
16. The truck ______ on the way on such a raining evening that a terrible accident__________.
A. broke out; broke away B. broke off; broke away
C. broke down; broke out D. broke out; broke down
17. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _______ of how life began.
A. puzzle B. question
C. secret D. problem
18. The labor shortage _______ a problem in society.
A. has B. exists
C. creates D. remains
19. The brave man _______ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.
A. pulled off B. pulled out
C. pulled down D. pulled away
20. They have to drive tonight to get to Wuhan so that they could get to the airport ___________ to catch the airplane to Austria.
A. in no time B. in time
C. at no time D. at a time
三 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
It wasn’t until I was much older that I would find something that I would be able to think of as evidence of my father’s love. When the Commodore 64 personal computer was 21 , I convinced myself that I had to have it 22 its price was out of my mother’s 23 . So I decided to earn the money myself. I cut grass every 24 I could find that summer for a few dollars each, 25 it still wasn’t enough. So my dad agreed to help me 26 the rest of the money by 27 me to one of the watermelon farms south of town, 28 up his truck with wholesale melons and driving me around to sell them.
He 29 before daybreak. We made small talk, but it didn’t matter. The fact that he was 30 to me was all that mattered. I was a teenager by then, but this was the first time 31 I had ever spent time alone with him. He laughed and 32 introduced me as “my boy,” a phrase he relayed（传达） with an obvious 33 of pride. It was one of the 34 days of my life.
Although he had 35 told me that he loved me, I would 36 that day as the greatest evidence of that fact. It just goes to show that no matter how cold the father, no matter how 37 the damage, no matter how broken the bond, there is still 38 , still space, still a need for even the smallest bit of 39 of a father’s love.
“My 40 .”
21. A. for sale B. in sale C on sale D. by sale
22. A. as if B. as though C. in spite of D. even though
23. A. power B. reach C. place D. range
24. A. yard B. garden C .park D. ward
25. A. however B. yet C. even D. nevertheless
26. A. rise B. arouse C. raise D. praise
27. A .diving B. driving C. taking D. leading
28. A. loading B. loafing C .loaning D. boarding
29. A. picked me up B. picked me out C. held me up D. woke me up
30. A. telling B. speaking C. teaching D. talking
31. A. when B. which C. that D. while
32. A. repeatedly B. constantly C. frequently D. carefully
33. A. feeling B. emotion C. sense D. impression
34. A. worst B. toughest C. best D. hardest
35. A. ever B. never C. even D. once
36. A. hear of B. think of C. learn of D. approve of
37. A. deep B. heavy C. serious D. big
38. A. chance B. time C. responsibility D. right
39. A. fact B .proof C. evidence D. truth
40. A. son B. dear C. boy D. fellow
四 阅读理解（共12小题：每小题2分，满分24分）
A
A planet that may be Earth-like - but too hot for life as we know it - has been discovered orbiting a nearby star.
The discovery of the planet, with an estimated radius about twice that of Earth, was announced Monday at the National Science Foundation.
"This is the smallest extrasolar planet yet detected and the first of a new class of rocky terrestrial planets," Paul Butler of the Carnegie Institution in Washington said in a statement. "It's like Earth's bigger cousin."
Geoffrey Marcy, professor of astronomy at the University of California, Berkeley, added: "Over 2,000 years ago, the Greek philosophers Aristotle and Epicurus argued about whether there were other Earth-like planets. Now, for the first time, we have evidence for a rocky planet around a normal star."
Though the researchers have no direct proof that the new planet is rocky, its mass means it is not a giant gas planet like Jupiter, they said. They estimated the planet's mass as 5.9 to 7.5 times that of Earth.
It is orbiting a star called Gliese 876, 15 light years from Earth, with an orbit time of just 1.94 Earth days. They estimated the surface temperature on the new planet at between 400 degrees and 750 degrees Fahrenheit.
Gliese 876 is a small, red star with about one-third the mass of the sun. The researchers said this is the smallest star around which planets have been discovered. In addition to the newly found planet the star has two large gas planets around it.
Butler said the researchers think that the most probable composition of the planet is similar to inner planets of this solar system - a nickel/iron rock.
Gregory Laughlin of the Lick Observatory at the University of California, Santa Cruz, said a planet of this mass could have enough gravity to hold onto an atmosphere. "It would still be considered a rocky planet, probably with an iron core and a silicon mantle. It could even have a dense steamy water layer."
Three other extra solar planets believed to be of rocky composition have been reported, but they orbit a pulsar - the flashing corpse of an exploded star - rather than a normal type of star.
41. What is the best title of the passage_____________
A. An argument among astronomers about whether there were other Earth-like planets.
B. The discovery of an Earth-like planet
C. Information about a star called Gliese
D. The development of astronomy
42. The following statements about the newly-found planet are true except________
A. The newly-found planet is not suitable for life because it is too hot
B. Two large gas planets orbit Gliese 876 besides the newly-found planet.
C. The newly-found planet perhaps is mainly made of a nickel/iron rock.
D. The newly-found planet is about one-third the mass of the sun.
43. The underline word "mass" in the fifth paragraph may mean_________________
A. size B. quantity C. weight D. quality
44. How many astronomers are mentioned in the passage
A. 3 B.4 C. 5 D. 6
B
Cold weather has a great effect on how our minds and our bodies work. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold”.
For centuries, the body’s blood has been linked closely with the emotions. People who show no human emotions or feelings, for example, are said to be cold-blooded. They may do brutal things to others, and not by accident.
Cold can affect other parts of the body. The feet, for example. Heavy socks can warm you feet, if your feet are really cold. But there is an expression-to get cold feet –that has nothing to do with cold or you feet.
The expression means being afraid to do something you had decided to do. For example, you agree to be president of an organization. But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned. All the work of the organization will be you responsibility. You are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation.
Cold can also affect your shoulder.
You give someone the cold shoulder when you refuse to speak to them. You treat them in a distant, cold way. The expression probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face-to-face. You may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to you. Or, to someone who has lied about you to others.
A cold fish is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone.
Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted. Now a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathy. Several popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted men or cold-hearted women who, without feeling, broke the hearts of their lovers.
Out in the cold is an expression often heard. It means not getting something that everybody else got. A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise and that he was left out in the cold. And it is not a pleasant place to be.
45. If your friend promised to help you, but he didn’t do that at all,______
A. He was cold-hearted B. He was cold-blooded
C. He got cold feet D. You could give him the cold shoulder
46. According to the passage, “to get cold feet” could probably be used_______
A. to express one’s feet is really cold.
B. to express someone who is cold-blooded
C. to express that someone is frightened to do something he decided to do after he knows the truth
D. to express one’s disappointment for everyone got a pay raise but him
47. This passage is mainly about ____________
A. how cold weather affects our mind and bodies
B. why there are so many expressions about “cold”
C. how to use the word “cold”
D. some words and expressions connected with “cold”
48. From the passage, we can infer that_____________
A. When someone does something bad, you can give him the cold shoulder
B. When you are out in the cold, you don’t get what others get
C. Cold-blooded people have no sympathy for others
D. Nobody likes cold weather
C
In July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 pieces of comet(彗星).When the fragments(碎片)landed in the southern part of the giant planet, the explosions were watched by scientist here on earth. But what if our own planet was hit by a comet
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the earth. The news has caused panic.
On 17 July, a fragment four kilometers wide enters the earth’s atmosphere with a huge explosion. About half of the fragment is destroyed. But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads. The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned. The waves move into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.
Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the earth, but the north won’t escape for long. Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions. As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later civilization has collapsed. No more than 10 million people have survived.
Could it really happen In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the earth. The dinosaurs(恐龙)were on the earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believed that the earth was hit by a space fragment. The dinosaurs couldn’t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct. Will we meet the same end
49. According to the passage, what disasters will happen in 2094
A. The whole world becomes extremely cold.
B. The visit of the comet results in war
C. The civilization of mankind becomes extinct
D. About of all
50. What’s the reason why the dinosaurs disappeared in the passage
A. Because they are hit by a space fragment.
B. Because the climate is too cold for them to survive.
C. Because dinosaurs and humans never live at the same time
D. Because the disasters cause the extinction.
51. What is the purpose of this passage
A. To describe the possible disaster in the future accurately.
B. To announce that a comet is heading towards the earth.
C. To warn of some possible disaster in the future.
D. To tell the development of humans.
52. Where can you find this passage
A. Science fiction B. Fairy story
C. Entertainment news D. Fantasy magazine
五、书面表达（满分21分）
随着社会不断进步，人类对自然的破坏越来越严重，以致于自然灾害频繁发生。作为一名高中生，我们应该从我做起，从身边小事做起，努力过一个低碳生活。请结合实际，以“How to live a low-carbon life”为题，写一篇作为阐明你的做法。字数不少于120字。
选做题（10分）
完成句子（从中选做5题，每小题2分）
1. , you should learn to earn your living yourself. (now)
既然你已经长大了，你应该学会自己谋生。
2. It is known to us all in Japan last year. (break)
我们都知道，日本去年发生了一场大地震。
3. His poor health to find a good job. (make)
他很差的身体使他难找到一份好工作。
4. I have a big family to support, so I can’t buy as as you. (expensive)
我要养活一大家子，所以我不能买与你一样贵的车。
5. in our school regulations that every student in our school should wear the school uniform on Monday. (require)
学校制度要求我们学校的每个学生在星期一必须穿校服。
6. that the bad weather will continue till the weekend. (remain)
这个坏天气仍有可能持续到周末。
7. He is such a determined person that nothing can prevent his plan .(carry out)
他是如此有决心的人，没有什么能够阻止他计划执行。
8. was that she should say that at the meeting. (surprise)
令我惊讶的是，她竟然在会上说那样的话。
9. After the earthquake, the government tried to supply the earthquake-striken area with all .(need)
地震之后，政府尽力给地震灾区灾民提供所需的所有物质。
10. a lovely baby last night made him very excited.(birth)
他妻子昨晚生下一个可爱的小宝，这使他非常兴奋。
单元自评与反思：（5分）______________________________________________________________________
挑战题：（20分）
把下面的句子翻译成英语。
1、为了让她高兴起来，她的父母带她到世界各地旅游。
_______________
2、已经有人建议把运动会推迟到下星期三。
_______________
3、我们所要做的就是每天练习。
_______________
4、他是否会放弃工作返回到学校学习还不知道。
_______________
5、科学家们想知道火星上是否存在(exist)生命。
_______________
【高效检测评价案】
必做题
一．1. exists 2. Unlike 3. oxygen 4. prevents us from 5. broke out 6. atmosphere 7. cheered up 8. Now that 9. depends on 10. in time
二．11-15 C A A B D 16-20 C A D A B
三. 21-25 C D D A B 26-30 C B A A D 31-35 C A C C B 36-40 B A B C C
四. 41-44 B D B A 45-48 D C D B 49-52 D B C A
五..参考范文：
In order to reduce the green house effect and protect our earth, I strongly advocate living a low-carbon life. But how can we live a low-carbon life
In fact, the best way to get started is through small steps. For one thing, when I travel around, I try my best to walk or ride a bicycle, which is an easy but effective way to reduce the release of the wastes. For another, using electricity saving lamps is also another good measure I take to save the limited energy. Furthermore, in my everyday life I try to use recyclable materials. For example, each time I do shopping with my mum. I will never forget to take a reusable bag instead of using a plastic bag.
In brief, low-carbon lifestyle is nothing but the best choice for us and only in this way can we live in harmony with the environment.
选做题答案：
1. Now that you have grown up
2. that a big earthquake broke out
3. made it difficult for him
4. expensive a car
5. It is required
6. It remains possible
7. from being carried out
8. what surprised me
9. (that) they needed
10. That his wife gave birth to
挑战题答案：
1. To cheer her up, her parents
2. It has been suggested that the sports meet(should/ be put off till next Wednesday)
3. All we need to do is to practice
4. It is still unknown whether her will quite his job and return to school to study.
5. Scientists are wondering whether life exists on the Mars.