I. 根据句意及首字母提示写出正确的单词。
1. In the past, we used this kind of c_____ to make coats.
2. I have made r_____ progress in my studies with my friend's help.
3. This pair of r_____ gloves helps protect your hands against cold
water in winter.
4. Last night, my aunt gave birth to two baby boys. That means my grandpa has two g________.
5. Jack decided to buy the mountain bike because its price was r_____ from $300 to $200.
II. 从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，每词或 短语限用一次。
1. Second-hand smoke is _______ to our health.
2. Henry, leave your father alone. He has ______ of work to do.
3. He __________ his train ticket by accident. As a result, he had to buy another one.
4. He once studied in the UK. I guess he can tell you some _______ on education there.
5. I have ________ a business plan giving a short general description of what I'm going to do. I'll show you later.
III. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子（每空一词）。
1. 在这个魔术表演中，他把一张纸变成了一只小鸟。
In the magic show, he ________ a piece of paper ______ a bird.
2. 我校将采取措施提升校园安全水平。
Our school will ______ ______ to improve the level of campus
safety.
3. 你打算怎么处理这些变质的食物呢？喂猪怎么样？
What are you going to ______ ______ the bad food How about feeding it to the pigs
4. 她想尽可能久地陪伴她父母。
She'd like to stay with her parents for ______ ______ ______ _______.
draw up, harm, throw away, ton, policy(共55张PPT)
Observe the following sentences carefully. And pay attention to the words in red.
1. Reuse means “use again”.
2. Though pollution is heavy now, I
don’t think it’s hopeless.
3. If the rivers are polluted, farmers
can’t use the water for their crops.
4. If everyone starts to do something,
the world will be saved.
5. We all need a healthy environment, but
we produce waste every day, and it is
harmful to our environment.
6. Do not waste things.
7. Repeat these three words daily:
reduce, reuse and recycle.
8. Before you buy something new, think
whether it is really necessary because
maybe old one is just as good!
9. ...but let’s take these simple steps today
so that we will save the world for our
grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow.
1. _______ (use) means “use again”.
2. Though ________ (pollute) is heavy now,
I don’t think it’s ________ (hope).
3. If the rivers are polluted, ________
(farm) can’t use the water for their crops.
4. If _______ (everyone) starts to do
_________ (something), the world will be
saved.
5. We all need a _______ (health)
environment, but we produce _______
(waste) every day, and it is _______ (harm)
to our environment.
Reuse
pollution
hopeless
farmers
everyone
something
healthy
waste
harmful
go
Ready
6. Do not ______ (waste) things.
7. Repeat these three words daily: reduce,
_______ (use) and _______ (recycle).
8. Before you buy _________ (something)
new, think whether it is _______ (real)
necessary because maybe old one is just
as good!
9. ...but let’s take these simple steps today
so that we will save the world for our
__________ (grandson) and ____________
(granddaughter) tomorrow.
waste
reuse
recycle
something
really
grandsons
granddaughters
1 合成法
合成词：将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成的新词。
one new
compound word
one word
one word
+
这种构词的方法称作合成法。
Who is the
quickest
sunflower
sun
flower
mooncake
moon
cake
football
foot
ball
doorbell
door
bell
goldfish
gold
fish
popcorn
pop
corn
rainbow
rain
bow
basketball
basket
ball
cupcake
cup
cake
sunglasses
sun
glasses
moonlight
moon
light
bookshelf
book
shelf
fireman
fire
man
starfish
star
fish
butterfly
butter
fly
1. We can't do anything about factories and cars.
2. If everyone starts to do something, the world
will be saved.
3. Factories sometimes pollute the rivers, and the
farmers cannot use the water for their crops.
4. Before you buy something new, think whether
it is really necessary because maybe old one is
just as good!
5. We cannot hope for rapid change, but let's take
these simple steps today so that we will save the
world for our grandsons and granddaughters
tomorrow.
afternoon, sportsman, blackboard, newspaper, airplane, classmate, grandfather
kind-hearted, middle-aged, hard-working
however, maybe
himself, everyone, nothing
overlook
合成名词
合成
形容词
合成副词
合成代词
合成动词
合成法是一种比较灵活的构词方法，可以合成名词、形容词、副词、代词、动词等。掌握合成法有助于理解和记忆更多单词。
1 合成法
2 派生法
单词构成三元素：词根、前缀、后缀。
词性
后缀
方向
前缀
中心意义
词根
Do you know what the general elements of a word are
v. 再循环
recycle
cycle
-re
+
v. 循环
prefix(前缀)
n. 污染；污染物
pollution
pollute
-tion
+
v. 污染；弄脏
suffix(后缀)
1. We can recycle waste products, such as glass and
paper in a recycling centre.
2. Though pollution is heavy now, I don't think it's
hopeless.
3. Factories sometimes pollute the rivers, and the
farmers cannot use the water for their crops.
4. We all need a healthy environment, but we
produce waste every day, and it is harmful to
our environment.
5. Repeat these three words daily: reduce, reuse
and recycle.
1. We can ______(cycle) waste products, such
as glass and paper in a ________(recycle) centre.
2. Though ________(pollute) is heavy now, I
don't think it's _________(hope).
3. Factories sometimes pollute the rivers, and
the _______(farm) cannot use the water for their crops.
4. We all need a _______(health) environment,
but we produce waste every day, and it is
________(harm) to our environment.
5. Repeat these three words _____(day): reduce,
_____(use) and ______(cycle).
recycle
recycling
pollution
hopeless
farmers
healthy
harmful
daily
reuse
recycle
go
Ready
Derivation (派生法)
通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法称作派生法。
① There is no reason to disbelieve him.
dis- + believe → disbelieve, 意为“不相信，怀疑”
② Mary often asks her sisters to retell the story.
re- + tell → retell, 意为“复述，重新讲述”
前缀
前缀+单词一般不改变原词的词性，但会引起词义的变化，一部分可构成反义词。
① “Be quiet.” said the teacher.
teach + -er → teacher, 表示人，意为“教师”
② It's a new washer.
wash + -er → washer, 表示物，意为“洗衣机”
单词+后缀一般不改变原词的基本含义，只改变其词性。
③ Not all people can make this achievement.
achieve + -ment → achievement, 抽象名词，意为“成就，成绩”
后缀
前缀 含义 例词
disagree, dislike
enable, enrich
impossible, impatient, inexpensive
international, interconnect
mislead, misunderstand
non-smoker, non-native
rewrite, retell
unable, unhappy, unpopular
dis-
不
en-
使……处在某种状态
im-, in-
不
inter-
在……之间
mis-
错误的
non-
不，非
re-
再，重复
un-
不
后缀 含义 例词
teacher, worker, visitor
musician
building, painting, shopping
artist, scientist
agreement, government
coldness, happiness, illness
truth, warmth
competition, education, information
activity, safety
-er, -or
-ian
-ing
-ist
-ment
-nessz
-th
-tion
-ty
构成名词
后缀 含义 例词
comfortable, eatable, enjoyable
environmental, international
careful, helpful
active, expensive
careless, helpless, homeless
friendly, lovely, monthly
dangerous, famous
eighteen, fifteen, seventeen
fifteenth, fifth, fortieth
forty, sixty, twenty
badly, carefully, happily
-able, -ible
-al
-ful
-ive
-less
-ly
-ous
构成
形容词
-teen
-th
-ty
-ly
构成数词
构成副词
interest
uninterested
interestingly
uninteresting
interested
interesting
help
helpfully
helplessly
helpful
helpless
able
ability
unable
disable
enable
词根
词缀
名词
形容词
副词
+
…
1 合成法
2 派生法
3 转换法
Is it a noun
noun
废料；废物；弃物；垃圾
Is it a verb
* Do not waste things.
* We produce waste every day.
verb 浪费；滥用
Can you list some words of this kind
- The bus stopped.
- Yes, that's the bus stop.
- The nurse is coming.
- She will nurse the patient.
- Your room is clean.
- My mother cleaned it.
v. 停止
n. 车站
n. 护士
v. 护理
adj.清洁的
v.做清洁
英语构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称为转化法。
Conversion (转换法)
(1) 动词转换为名词
- Let's talk about it more.
- I think we'd better finish the talk now.
—咱们再谈谈这件事吧。
—我想我们最好现在结束谈话。
① She gave me a cup of water.
② You should water the flowers twice a day.
她给了我一杯水。
你应该一天浇两次花。
(2) 名词转换为动词
动词
名词
名词
动词
① She was wearing a black dress.
② The girl in black looks very beautiful.
她穿着一条黑色的裙子。
那个穿黑衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。
(3) 形容词转换为名词
名词
形容词
以下部分为课本练习，供老师在对答案时选择使用。
Sometimes if you know the meaning of the parts of a word, you can work out the meaning of the whole word.
re + new + able renewable
again
can be
can be new again
Make new words. Join the parts of the words in Box A with the words in Box B. You need to use some of the parts more than once.
careful
careless
collectable
hopeful
hopeless
impossible
usable
useful
useless
reuse
unusual
unwanted
wasteful
Now work in groups. Play the guessing game English for Fun.
collectable
hopeful
hopeless
impossible
unusual
useless
reuse
unwanted
wasteful
Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
hopeful impossible reuse unhealthy wasteful
1 Polluted water is _________.
2 It is _________ to throw so much food away.
3 If you look after things well, you may _______
some of them later.
4 It is ___________ to clean up the whole river in
such a short time.
5 If we pay attention to pollution now, the future
will be _________.
unhealthy
wasteful
reuse
impossible
hopeful
Complete the table.
use
use
usefully / uselessly
hope
hopeful / hopeless
pollute
polluted / unpolluted
water
waste
wasteful / wasted
wastefully
usual / unusual
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.
She was _______ that her new job would make her more successful.
1 The factory ________ the river, and the fish died.
2 We often walk in the countryside. It is a(n) _______ activity for us.
3 Do not use so much water. It is very ________.
4 To keep the flowers growing, you need to _______
them once a day.
hopeful
polluted
usual
wasteful
water
Complete the sentences.
A ________ is a box that you keep your lunch in.
1 A __________ is a card that you write on
one side of and send to someone by post.
2 A __________ is a room where you have
classes at school.
3 A __________ is a book that has one or
more stories for children.
4 A __________ is a black board that is used
at school for writing on with chalk.
lunchbox
postcard
classroom
storybook
blackboard
Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 What kind of things can
be recycled
2 How can these things be
used
3 How does this help the environment
4 Have you ever recycled or used things
that can be recycled How
Cloth, paper, cans, plastic, glass, etc.
Recycled paper can be used for notebooks, tickets or writing paper.
It helps save a lot of resources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Yes. I recycled aluminum cans and paper by selling them to the recycled factory.
Complete the conversation with the
correct form of the expressions in the box.
worried about
throw away
turn off
are good for
Listen and check (√) the true sentences.
1 It is OK to throw used things away.
Looking after them takes a lot of time.
2 Do not throw away things made of glass,
plastic and paper, but recycle them when
possible.
3 Take a bag when you go shopping.
4 Producing electricity and using oil will not
cause pollution.
5 Turn off lights when you do not need them.
6 Ride a bike or walk, and do not often drive
your car.
√
√
√
√
×
×
Advice Reasons
1 Don't throw away things made of
_____________________, but
________ them. Throwing things away is wasteful.
2 ______ your plastic bags when
you can and ____________ with
you when you go shopping. Plastic bags _____
________ recycle.
3 Use less electricity and oil to
______________.
4 Don't leave lights on and
______________.
5 _____________ and do not often
drive your car. Producing electricity and using oil may cause ___________.
glass, plastic and paper
recycle
Reuse
take a bag
hard to
reduce pollution
waste electricity
Walk or cycle
pollution
are
Listen and check (√) the true sentences.
构词法
定义
合成法
派生法
转换法
将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法称作合成法。
通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法称作派生法。
英语构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称为转化法。
1. - Let's go swimming in the river this
afternoon.
- We'd better not. It's __________. (danger)
2. Nick gave his mother a scarf on her ________ birthday. That made her very happy. (forty)
3. My father ______ stopped smoking. (final)
4. Some ____________ in the medical research helped control the terrible illness. (achieve)
【2020云南】
中考链接
dangerous
用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子（每空仅限一个单词）。
fortieth/40th
finally
achievements
5. So far, no ________ (science) studies have shown that shark fins are good for heath.
【2020贵阳】
6. People who are warm-hearted set good examples to society because they pass on their ________ to people around them. (kind)
7. - What's your plan after the exam
- We're going to take a _____ flight to Chengdu when the exam is over. (direct)
【2020包头】
scientific
kindness
direct
8. - What are you going to do with the clothes
- Some clothes will be given to the poor and
the others will be sent to factories for
_________. (recycle)
9. They hoped to see the problem solved
__________. (peaceful)
【2020包头】
10. The international train goes across many
_________ (Europe) countries.
11. Both Tom and Jerry made a _______ (decide)
about helping each other from then on.
【2020广西北部湾经济区】
recycling
peacefully
European
decision
1. What is compound word Can you give
some examples
2. Do you know the three general elements
of a word Can you speak out the different
forms of use, hope, pollute, waste and usual
3. What is conversion
注: 另附word文档，点此链接
1. We spent a(n) _________ evening talking about our
old times.
2. June and July are the __________ months for
exams in China.
3. Thousands of people were made ________ by the
earthquake.
4. If you don't set out to solve the problem, it won't
just _________.
5. It's ________ for Sue to be late for school. You
know, it's not her style.
I. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用
一次。
usual appear enjoy tradition home
enjoyable
traditional
homeless
disappear
unusual
II. 完成下列同义句。
1. * It's not polite to speak to others with your mouth
full of food.
* It's _________ to speak to others with your mouth
full of food.
2. * The teacher asked him to write the composition
again.
* The teacher asked him to ________ the composition.
3. * He's not popular with some of the neighbors.
* He's _________ with some of the neighbors.
4. * I hate sweet food. Especially, I don't like eating cake.
* I hate sweet food. Especially, I ______ eating cake.
5. * Hamburgers, candy and ice cream aren't healthy
food.
* Hamburgers, candy and ice cream are _______ food.
impolite
rewrite
unpopular
dislike
unhealthy
Finish the exercises in Learning
English.
Homework
