课时作业(一) Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Unfortunately, one dead child was found in the ________ (废墟) almost two hours after the explosion.
2．Upon landing on the airport, the family heard the ________ (令人震惊的) news.
3．They use only one quarter of the ________ (电) to give off the same light.
4．As a popular sport, playing basketball can make it easier for people to ________ (统一).
5．Many people are making efforts to ________ (复兴) Chinese opera.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood ________ ruins.
2．The nurse takes care of the patient as if he ________ (be) her father.
3．Her refusal to do the job left me ________ (shock). Therefore I was speechless.
4．Most of the major cities of the world suffer ________ traffic jams.
5．It seemed that he had great difficulty ________ (breath) after about twenty five minutes’ jogging.
6．The family as well as their dog ________ (trap) on the roof by the flood.
7．Hard as he tried, all his ________ (effort) to get that job ended up with failure.
8．The little girl was sitting with her head ________ (bury) in an interesting book.
9．Be careful! Anyone ________ (touch) that wire will get an eclectic shock.
10．The heavy rain didn’t do much damage ________ the crops.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. The water in the village wells rose and fell. 1.________ (chick) and pigs were too nervous to eat. Bright lights were seen in the sky and loud noises 2.________ (hear).
At 3：42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to 3.________ end! A large city lay 4.________ ruins in less than one minute. The earthquake caused great damage to the city. People were in shock. Water, food, and electricity were hard 5.________ (get).
Soon 6.________ the quake, soldiers were sent to the city to dig out those 7.________ were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. 8.________ (slow) the city began to 9.________ (breath)again.
With strong support of the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built. And up to now the city 10.________ (become) a home to more than seven billion people.
关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at two forty six p．m. local time on March eleventh 2011. Japan's Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just three minutes later. The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.
There are more than four thousand Seismic Intensity Meters (地震烈度测量仪) in place throughout Japan to measure earthquake activity. These meters provide information within two minutes of an earthquake happening. Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three minutes.
There are also concrete (混凝土) sea walls around much of the Japanese coastline. But these measures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami.
Costas Synolakis, a tsunami expert at the University of Southern California said，“Japan is one of those most well prepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami warning. They had a warning. I think what went wrong is that they had not expected the size of this event.”
He says there are two reasons for this. Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last one hundred fifty years. And scientists had not expected such a large earthquake happening off the coast of Japan.
The nine point zero magnitude earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide. It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan. The tsunami waves that followed were reported to have reached as high as thirteen meters in some areas.
Costas Synolakis says Japan's concrete sea walls were not built to handle such high waves.
1．Where can this passage probably be adapted from
A．A newspaper.
B．A fairy Tale.
C．A sports website.
D．An entertainment magazine.
2．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．A terrible earthquake hit the northeastern coast of Japan.
B.The powerful earthquake was also the worst one in Japan.
C．The 9.0 earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Japan.
D．Japan's concrete sea walls were unable to handle such high waves.
3．Why did Japan suffer such a loss
A．The country has never experienced any event as big as this one.
B．Japan has the best earthquake early warning systems.
C.There are not enough concrete sea walls around the Japanese coastline.
D．The government didn't announce its first tsunami warnings three minutes earlier.
B
On Saturday 24 August 1918, it was raining cats and dogs and thundering over a city called Sunderland on the northeast coast of England. The storm lasted for only about ten minutes. People were shocked to see that it was not just rainwater falling from the sky. There were fish falling down, too! People came out to find out what was happening in the open air. They could not believe their own eyes. There were thousands of fish—sand eels (沙鳗)—lying on the ground. They were about seven centimeters long, and all were frozen solid.
Sand eels swim together in large groups, often in sandy water, and are often found in large numbers in the North Sea, which reaches out to the east of Sunderland. How was it possible for these sand eels to be swept into the sky and land on Sunderland
Scientists believed the heavy thunderstorm that afternoon may have caused a waterspout. Waterspouts (水龙卷) can be formed when tornados, hurricanes or strong winds move quickly in a circle over water. They are so powerful; anything less than one meter in length can be trapped and taken into them and forced into the clouds. The clouds carry whatever has been taken into them for long distances—sometimes over 150 kilometers. It's very cold up there and everything soon freezes solid.
For hundreds of years there have been reports of small animals being taken into the sky through waterspouts. In 2009, dead tadpoles rained down on the city of Nanao in Japan. In 2012, fifty kilos of prawns fell from the sky over Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell on the coastal city of Tampico In Mexico.
It must be a very shocking experience to see fish raining down on you. It would probably hurt if one fell on your head! With climate change, global warming and many reports of terrible natural disasters, will the time ever come when it may really begin to rain cats and dogs
4．What was the rain like on 24 August 1918
A．It was very heavy.
B．It fell around England.
C．It lasted quite a long time.
D．It caused many human deaths.
5．What do we know about the sand eels that landed on Sunderland
A．They were few in number.
B．They came in different sizes.
C．They were still alive when landing.
D．They probably came from the North Sea.
6．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Clouds. B．Waterspouts.
C．Strong winds. D．The waters of the sea.
7．In the end, what does the author probably care most about
A．Our health. B．Our environment.
C．The wild animals. D．The news reports.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
[2022·河北唐山遵化期中]Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.
If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. But do remember: do it carefully. __1__ So do it as follows: Drop to the ground. Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your hand. If you're in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow.
__2__ You can go to the park, playground or fields near your house. Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. __3__
If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of cloth. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. __4__ Tap (敲) on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.
Be prepared for aftershocks. __5__ However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.
A．Don't move about or kick up dust.
B．If you're outside, go to an open space.
C．Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.
D．Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object.
E.Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building.
F.They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.
G．Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.
Ⅲ.语法填空
A serious flood 1.________ (strike) Colombo, Sir Lanka in May, damaging many buildings and 2.________ (leave)many houses seriously destroyed. The local officials said that at least 82 persons were killed and about 500，000 3.________ (affect). Among the dead was a 9 year old girl killed after 4.________ (trap) under a collapsed wall at her school. The government was investigating (评估) the exact damage and trying the best to provide safety 5.________ the people in the affected area.
Meanwhile, the local TV station showed damaged walls, broken 6.________ (window)and streets washed away by the flood through the area. Tens of thousands of people were in great need of food and clean 7.________ (drink)water.
8．________ (fortunate), Rescue efforts immediately began. Shelters were set 9.________ by the soldiers and volunteers. Food was continuing to 10.________ (deliver)to the flooded area.
课时作业(一) Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.
1．ruins 2.shocking 3.electricity 4.unify 5.revive
Ⅱ.
1．in 2.were 3.shocked 4.from 5.breathing 6.were trapped 7.efforts 8.buried 9.touching 10.to
Ⅲ.
1．Chickens 2.were heard 3.an 4.in 5.to get 6.after 7.who 8.Slowly 9.breathe 10.has become
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.
A
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，介绍了日本出现的地震引起的海啸对日本产生的巨大破坏以及日本对于地震的预防等方面的信息。
1．答案与解析：A 文章出处题。本文属于新闻报道，介绍了日本出现的地震引起的海啸对日本产生的巨大破坏以及日本对于地震的预防等方面的信息，故最可能是出自报纸。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“The nine point zero magnitude earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide.”可知，9.0级地震是全世界范围里第四大地震，而不是日本。故C项说法错误。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中“Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last one hundred fifty years.”可知，破坏性如此之大是因为日本人没有预料到有如此严重的地震会袭击日本。故A项正确。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种名为“水龙卷”的自然现象。这种“水龙卷”会将任何长度小于一米的物质带到很远的地方，有时甚至会超过150公里。
4．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段首句“On Saturday 24 August 1918... on the northeast coast of England.”可知，1918年8月24日，桑德兰市的雨下得很大。rain cats and dogs 倾盆大雨。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sand eels swim together in large groups...which reaches out to the east of Sunderland.”可知，沙鳗成群游动，通常生活在沙质水域中，在延伸至桑德兰东部的北海经常大量发现沙鳗。
6．答案与解析：B 代词指代题。根据画线词上文“Scientists believed the heavy thunderstorm ... in a circle over water.”可知，本段介绍的是“水龙卷”是如何形成的；再根据“They are so powerful...and forced into the clouds.”可知，水龙卷非常强大，长度小于一米的任何物体都可能被捕获，并被卷入云中。由此可推断，them指代的是“waterspouts”。
7．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段末句“With climate change...when it may really begin to rain cats and dogs？”可知，作者提到了气候变化、全球变暖和许多可怕的自然灾害，从而担心，真的有一天会下起倾盆大雨吗？由此可推断，作者最关心的可能是我们的环境。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为了预防像地震这样的自然灾害所造成的伤害和死亡，人们应该了解一些安全常识。
1．答案与解析：G 根据上文“If you're inside a building... leave a building.”并结合G项“Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.”可知，大多数受伤事件都发生在建筑物内的人试图向外逃的时候，其中的injuries、inside buildings和try to go out这些也是关键词。
2．答案与解析：B 设空句为段首句。根据下文可知，本段告诉读者你可以去公园、操场或你家附近的田野，不要在树、路灯、电杆和高楼下躲避。如果你在开车，要尽快停车，远离立交桥、大楼、桥或其他任何可能在你面前坠落或倒塌的物体。所以B项“如果你在外面，要去一个开阔的地方”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：D 设空句前有Don't...句型。且设空句为段尾句，总结上文。上文提到如果你在开车，要尽快停车，远离立交桥、大楼、桥和其他任何可能在你面前坠落或倒塌的物体。选项D也是Don't...句型，意为“不要把车停在大树或任何高的物体下面”，符合语境。
4．答案与解析：C 设空句前有shout，C项中也含有关键词shouting，属于词汇复现，故选项C“大声呼喊会使你吸入灰尘”符合题意。
5．答案与解析：F 段首的“为余震做好准备”是本段的主题句。选项F“余震在地震后的最初几小时里就有可能发生”是对主题句的说明，且能和设空句的下一句构成转折关系。
Ⅲ.
1．struck 2.leaving 3.affected 4.being trapped 5.for
6．windows 7.drinking 8.Fortunately 9.up
10．be delivered
1课时作业(四) Comprehensive Test for Unit 4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Last year, I lived in Chile for half a year. I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I had good days and bad days I didn't understand.
Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp. When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to. There were lots of dogs on the streets, and there was no downtown, few smoothly paved streets, and little to do for entertainment. Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.
I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class. But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldn't speak the thoughts in my head and there were so many.
Most exchange students experience this like me. Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite (食欲). I was required to overcome all difficulties.
As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget the words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took math. Physics chemistry, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy.
But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.
1．The author came to Chile last year with the purpose of ________．
A．paying a visit to Chile as a tourist
B．experiencing Chilean life as a teacher
C．studying Chilean culture as a college student
D．studying knowledge as an exchange student
2．On arriving in Chile, why did the author feel frightened
A．Because he did not know how to get along with the local people.
B．Because it was full of dangers like earthquakes and windstorms.
C．Because the living conditions were worse than what he was used to.
D．Because it was not convenient for him to shop there.
3．What did the author most probably think of his life in Chile
A．Wonderful and worthwhile.
B．Difficult but meaningful.
C．Difficult and meaning.
D．Boring and disappointing.
4．Which of the following statements about Chile is TRUE
A．Its official language is Spanish and English.
B．It is a developing country without foreign students.
C.It seldom rains and natural disasters often happen.
D.Most Chileans are not friendly to foreigners.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
I work as a meteorologist (气象学家) in Tampa, Florida. It's my job to follow hurricanes (飓风) and provide information about them to scientists.
I was working for the National Meteorological Office in Bracknell, near London, in the autumn of 1995, and I saw a documentary called Stormchaserswithfamily. __1__ Two months later I came across an ad for a meteorologist to work in Florida. I was interviewed over the phone, moved to the US, and started to work here in Tampa in May 1996.
__2__ I have been all over the world hunting hurricanes. It's exciting to end up in different cities and different countries day after day. If you are a meteorologist, you have to love flying. I also love working with top scientists. __3__ For me, it's like a classroom in the sky.
People often ask me what an average day is like. In fact, there's no such thing as an average day in my job! __4__ We often take off at a moment's notice to hunt storms.
Next, I would like to join a space program and be the first meteorologist in space. __5__ There aren't any hurricanes!
If you also want to be a meteorologist, study math and science and get a degree in meteorology. I have taken the hurricane hunter path, but you could do research.
A．I have learned so much from them.
B．What I like most about my job is the travel.
C．It's a wonderful job and the pay is pretty good.
D．It all depends on the weather, and you can't control that.
E．However, I haven't come up with an experiment to do in space yet.
F．Because of the job, I'm away from my family who all live in the UK.
G．It was about hurricane hunters and I thought, “Wow, that's an interesting job！”
Ⅲ.完形填空
“None of us get out of life alive, so be brave and be thankful for all the opportunities you have.” Those were __1__ words said by 18 year old Jake Bailey, a cancer patient.
Bailey was in the leading position of the Students' Union.The young man had planned to __2__ at his high school's end of year ceremony (典礼) on schedule.__3__， just the week before, he received shocking __4__. After several weeks of not feeling well, tests showed that he had a fast growing form of cancer. Doctors said, without treatment, he would only have weeks to live, so they didn't __5__ him to take part in the event. But Bailey put on his school uniform along with his __6__ face and left his hospital bed to give the inspiring speech to his __7__. Without doubt, his appearance __8__ everyone at the ceremony. Sitting in the wheelchair, he began to __9__ his ideas.He expressed that a strong willed person would not easily __10__， no matter how hard life was.
At the speech, Bailey encouraged his schoolmates to __11__ their time.“The future is truly in our hands.__12__ about having impractical long term dreams.Let's be devoted to short term goals，” he continued.“We don't know where we might end up, or when we will end up, so work with pride on what is __13__ us.”
When the senior __14__ his speech with the school's motto, “Altiora Peto，” which means “I fight for higher things，” the entire room burst into cheers. __15__， Bailey's message was heard loud and clear.Bailey then closed his eyes and mouthed the words “Thank you.”,
1．A.upset B．extra
C．inspiring D．amazing
2．A.speak B．chat
C．sing D．debate
3．A.So B．Instead
C．Besides D．However
4．A.fault B．attack
C．news D．pain
5．A.persuade B．allow
C．warn D．organize
6．A.determined B．frightened
C．satisfied D．surprised
7．A.friends B．families
C．schoolmates D．roommates
8．A.amused B．shocked
C．affected D．frightened
9．A.explain B．form
C．share D．change
10．A.turn up B．give in
C．break up D．cut down
11．A.gain B．spare
C．spend D．treasure
12．A.Forget B．Talk
C．Care D．Dream
13．A.in place of B．in front of
C．in charge of D．in search of
14．A.replaced B．ended
C．began D．decorated
15．A.Finally B．Actually
C．Obviously D．Entirely
Ⅳ. 语法填空
Tilly Smith was holidaying with her parents and seven year old sister on Maikhao beach in Phuket, Thailand, when the tide rushed out.
As the other tourists watched in 1.________ (amaze), the water began to rise and the boats started to violently move up and down. Tilly, 2.________ had studied tsunamis in a geography class two weeks 3.________ (early), quickly realised they were 4.________ danger. She told her mother they had to get off the beach immediately and warned that it could be a tsunami.
She explained she had just completed a school project on the huge waves and said they were seeing the warning 5.________ (sign) that a tsunami was minutes away.
Her parents warned the other holidaymakers and staff at their hotel, which was 6.________ (quick) evacuated (疏散). The wave crashed a few minutes later, but no one on the beach 7.________ (kill) or seriously injured.
In an interview with theSun, Tilly owed it to her geography teacher，Andrew Kearney. She said “Last term Mr. Kearney 8.________ (teach) us about earthquakes and how they can cause tsunamis. I was on the beach and the water started 9.________ (go)funny. There were bubbles and the tide went out all of 10.________ sudden. I recognised what was happening and had a feeling there was going to be a tsunami. I told mummy.”
Ⅴ.应用文写作
请根据下面所给的要点内容，写一篇新闻报道摘要，介绍“莫克拉(Morakot)”台风袭击台湾的相关情况。
地点 台湾南部
灾情 台风造成50年来最严重的水灾，460人死亡，35人受伤，62人失踪，冲垮堤防和桥梁，电力中断，10，000多座房屋倒塌
损失 经济损失达97亿元
救援 台湾军方(military)全力参与救灾，从灾区救出300多名居民
注意：1.词数80左右；
2. 为使行文连贯，可适当增加细节内容。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课时作业(四) Comprehensive Test for Unit 4
Ⅰ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了到智利做交换生的经历、感受和收获。
1．答案与解析：D 目的意图题。根据文章最后一段中的“I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.”可知，作者是作为交换生去学习新知识，尝试新文化的，故D项正确。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to”及后面内容描述可知，这里的环境与条件和作者以前所经历的大不相同，这使作者感到恐惧，故C项正确。
3．答案与解析：B 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的“As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food...”和最后一段中的“But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture...”可知，作者的态度与一开始相比发生了很大变化的，他感到这段时间虽然很难，不过却是非常有意义的，故B项正确。
4．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，智利的语言是西班牙语，排除A项；作者本身就是在智利的一名交换生，排除B项；根据倒数第二段中的“...in Chuquicamata was being with people.”可知，这里的人很容易交往，排除D项，根据第二段中的“Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.”可知，C项表述正确。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的工作内容、愿望想法等。
1．答案与解析：G 根据本段的描述可知，这里讲作者面试找工作的事情，选项G中的代词it即是指上句中的Stormchaserswithfamily，同时，G项中的hurricane hunters与空前的stormchasers为词汇复现。
2．答案与解析：B 要求选择本段的首句。结合下面的讲述可知，作者去不同的城市和国家，其中的different cities, different countries, flying等是解题的关键，这与B项中的the travel讲述的是同一话题内容。
3．答案与解析：A 结合上下句句意可知，选项A中的them与上文中提到的top scientists指代相同。
4．答案与解析：D 本段中的what an average day与D项中的it depends on构成一问一答的情况，同时表述的内容也是一致的。
5．答案与解析：E 本段讲想成为“太空气象学家”，文中的in space是解题的关键。E项中的in space与此完全一致。
Ⅲ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位18岁的癌症患者按原计划在他高中的年终典礼上发言的故事。他表示：无论生活多么艰难，一个意志坚强的人是不会轻易屈服的。
1．答案与解析：C 根据空前“so be brave and be thankful for all the opportunities you have(所以要勇敢，要感谢你所拥有的所有机会)”和后文中“give the inspiring speech to his __7__”可知，这位18岁的癌症患者说的话是inspiring(鼓舞人心的)。upset沮丧的；extra额外的；amazing令人惊讶的。
2．答案与解析：A 根据前文中“Those were __1__ words said by 18 year old Jake Bailey”和后文中“give the inspiring speech to his __7__”可知，这个年轻人原计划在他高中的年终典礼上发言(speak)。chat聊天；sing唱歌；debate辩论。
3．答案与解析：D 根据下文“tests showed that he had a fast－growing form of cancer”和上文的“had planned”可知，此处是转折关系，故应用however(然而)。so所以；instead相反；besides另外。
4．答案与解析：C 然而，就在一周前，他收到了令人震惊的消息(news)。fault错误，缺点；attack攻击；pain疼痛。
5．答案与解析：B 结合空前“he would only have weeks to live”可知，医生不允许(allow)他参加活动。persuade劝说，允许；warn警告；organize组织。
6．答案与解析：A 根据空后“left his hospital bed to give the inspiring speech”可知，他脸上是坚定的(determined)表情。frightened感到害怕的；satisfied感到满意的；surprised感到惊讶的。
7．答案与解析：C 根据后文中“At the speech, Bailey encouraged his schoolmates to __11__ their time.”可知，他是给他的校友们(schoolmates)做演讲。friend朋友；family家人；roommate室友。
8．答案与解析：B 毫无疑问，他的意外出现震惊了(shocked)典礼上的每一个人。amuse逗笑；affect影响；frighten使害怕。
9．答案与解析：C 坐在轮椅上，他开始分享(share)他的想法。explain解释；form组成；change改变。
10．答案与解析：B 他表示，无论生活多么艰难，一个意志坚强的人是不会轻易屈服的(give in)。turn up出现，露面，调大；break up打碎；cut down砍倒。
11．答案与解析：D 在演讲中，Bailey鼓励同学们珍惜(treasure)时间。gain获得；spare抽出，匀出；spend花费。
12．答案与解析：A 根据空后impractical(不切实际的)可知，要忘掉(Forget)不切实际的长期梦想。talk谈论；care关心；dream梦想。
13．答案与解析：B 我们不知道会在哪里结束，也不知道什么时候结束，所以要自豪地面对我们面前的(in front of)一切。in place of代替；in charge of负责，管理；in search of寻找。
14．答案与解析：B 当这位高年级学生以校训结束(ended)他的演讲时。replace替代；began开始；decorate装饰。
15．答案与解析：C 显然(Obviously)，Bailey传达的信息清晰响亮。finally最后；actually事实上；entirely完全地。
Ⅳ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了一个小女孩在海啸来临前，根据在学校里学到的知识发现了海啸前兆，劝父母和其他人离开了海滩，使数百人免于灾难的故事。
1．答案与解析：amazement 考查名词。介词in后应用名词。
2．答案与解析：who 考查定语从句。who引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词Tilly。
3．答案与解析：earlier 考查副词比较级。谓语动词had studied用的是过去完成时，时间状语应指的是过去的两周之前，应用early的比较级。
4．答案与解析：in 考查介词。in danger意为“处于危险中”，是固定搭配。
5．答案与解析：signs 考查名词单复数。sign是可数名词，此处的warning sign指各种警示，应用名词复数。
6．答案与解析：quickly 考查副词。此处修饰动词evacuate应用副词quickly。
7．答案与解析：was killed 考查动词的时态和语态。kill和no one之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
8．答案与解析：taught 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语last term可知，此处应用一般过去时。
9．答案与解析：to go 考查非谓语动词。start后用不定式。
10．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。all of a sudden意为“突然”，是固定搭配。
Ⅴ.
参考范文：
The terrible Typhoon Morakot brought the worst flooding in 50 years to southern Taiwan, killing more than 460 people with scores of people injured or missing. It caused great damage to the area. The heavy rainfall caused rivers to break their banks, washing away bridges. What's worse, roads were blocked and electricity was completely cut off. More than 10，000 houses were destroyed. Consequently, the economic losses are estimated to be more than 9.7 billion yuan. Officials said Taiwan's military went all out for the rescue work, and about 300 people were rescued from the flood stricken area.
1课时作业(三) Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
as usual, as if, in ruins, less than, instead of, suffer from, a large number of, calm down, make every effort to, get up on one's feet
1．I tried to ________ her ________， but it was not possible, so she kept screaming all throughout the night.
2．____________， people will have seven days off for the Spring Festival next year.
3．It is ________ of a problem ________ I'd expected.
4．When we are faced with a problem, we'd better take some actions ____________ just sitting around and waiting for some people to fix it.
5．The high tech company will ____________ help governments overcome difficulties during the special period.
6．Justin clenched his teeth, ____________ and ran as fast as he could.
7．They not only ____________ the virus, but also faced discrimination (歧视).
8．The perfect geographic location helps the city connect to ____________ locations around the world.
9．She was strangely dressed ____________ she had came from the Mars.
10．A submarine (潜水艇) named “Nautilus” is diving deeper to find an ancient city ____________．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A large number of Americans have been suffering from the ________ (dead) disease—COVID 19 for the past year.
2．It will be considered a miracle (奇迹) if someone is saved after ________ (trap) for 72 hours.
3．I believe Chinese ________ (wise) will play a greater role and help us achieve the final victory.
4．I was ________ (shock) to see that not only is there a paved highway through the mountains to come here but also the Internet and cellphone service here is excellent.
5．The rover Yutu Ⅱ has helped scientists unveil (揭露) the secrets ________ (bury) deep under the surface on the far side of the moon.
6．Jenny drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded in. She was ________ (flood) with joy to welcome a brand new day.
7．A team of ________ (rescue) has arrived at the site, but it remains unknown what caused the accident.
8．A recent survey shows that the traditional Chinese medicine is highly ________ (effect) against cancer.
9．More than one thousand people were killed when a ________ (power) earthquake struck western Indonesia at the end of September.
10．The 56 ethnic groups ________ (breath) the same air，share the same fate and join their hearts as one, developing the socialist relationship.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．疫情极大地影响了我们的日常生活。
The pandemic has ________________ our daily lives.
2．救援队努力搜救受难者。
The rescue team ________________________ look for the victims.
3．我们需要注意细节。
We need to ________________________ details.
4．他们轮流问问题。
They ________________________________ questions.
5．路上的电动汽车数量在增加。
________________________ electric cars on the road is increasing.
关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North America—and their Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic wrapped snacks, their plastic waste would likely still be around four centuries later. Atlantic waves and sunlight would have worn all that plastic into tiny bits. And those bits might still be floating around the world's oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oysters, and finally perhaps by one of us.
Because plastic wasn't invented until the late 19th century, and its production only really took off around 1950, we have a mere 9.2 billion tons of the stuff to deal with. Of that, more than 6.9 billion tons have become waste. And of that waste, a surprising 6.3 billion tons never made it to a recycling bin—the figure that shocked the scientists who published the numbers in 2017.
No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth's last sink.In 2015, Jenna Jambeck, an engineering professor of the University of Georgia，caught everyone's attention with a rough estimate：between 5.3 million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each year just come from coastal regions.
Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine (海洋的) animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it.Some are harmed visibly, stuck by abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed invisibly. Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than one fifth of an inch across.
“This isn't a problem that we don't know what the solution is，” says Ted Siegler, a Vermont resource economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing nations on garbage.“We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it.We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. It's a matter of building the necessary institutions and systems ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic.”
1．Why does the author mention the Pilgrims in Paragraph 1
A．To prove plastic was difficult to invent.
B．To introduce what marine animals like eating.
C．To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection.
D．To show plastic waste has a lasting effect on the ocean.
2．What's the main trouble marine animals face according to the text
A．Lacking protection.
B．Being stuck by plastics.
C．Being caught by humans.
D．Treating plastics as food.
3．What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．Some people don't know the solution to plastic waste.
B．Plastics will turn the ocean into a soup of plastic.
C.It's time to take measures to deal with plastic waste.
D．People should avoid using plastics to protect the ocean.
4．From which is the text probably taken
A．A biology textbook.
B．A travel brochure.
C．An environmental report.
D．A lifestyle magazine.
B
The victims were carried in one by one, their paws (爪子) and fur burnt, suffering from thirst and fear.Their caretakers bandaged their wounds, hugged them and laid them in baskets with the only thing that was familiar—the leaves of a eucalyptus tree (桉树).
As catastrophic fires have burned more than 2 million acres in Australia, dozens of koalas have been rescued from burning trees and grey ground.
“They are terrified，” said Cheyne Flanagan, clinical director of the Koala Hospital in Port Macquarie, the only hospital of its kind in the world.
Koalas, unlike kangaroos, birds or snakes, do not flee from fires but instead climb trees to the top, where they can curl themselves into a ball for protection and wait for the danger to pass.
But during very serious fires, such as those that have burned in recent weeks, the animals, conservationists said, are far less likely to survive.Even if the fire itself does not reach the top of the tree, the animal may overheat and fall to the ground, where they can be burned to death.
The difficulty of the koala—a national symbol of Australia—has raised questions among conservationists and scientists about what it will take to preserve biodiversity in a country where there is more serious fire, extreme heat and lack of water.
While koalas have to get used to existing alongside wildfires, the animals are facing new danger not just from climate change but also from human activities, which has disturbed local populations, weakening their ability to survive fires.
“We have these unique animals not found anywhere else on this planet, and we're killing them.” Flanagan said.“This is a big wake up call.”
5．What will koalas do when facing the wildfire
A．Flee to other places.
B．Hide under the ground.
C．Climb to the top of the tree.
D．Wait for the rescue to come.
6．Besides wildfire, what else threatens koalas' existence
A.More human activities.
B．Less water to drink.
C．Bigger local population.
D．Weaker ability to climb.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Koalas' living habits should be studied more carefully.
B.More measures should be taken for koalas' protection.
C.Wake up calls should be made when wildfire happens.
D.Killing unique animals should be banned in a strict way.
8．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Looking for unique animals in Australia.
B．Protecting Australia's animals who cannot climb.
C.Facing new threats which cause koalas' deaths.
D．Saving the fire victims: Australia's koalas.
Ⅱ.语法填空
Earthquakes can be destructive.Unfortunately, we don't have a 1.________ (rely) way to predict. But technologies can still help us under such a desperate situation. China is building the world's largest earthquake alert system and it's 2.________ (possible) the most advanced. Engineers 3.________ (set) up over 15，000 sensors (传感器) nationwide and wiring them into a web. 4.________ an earthquake happens, the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control centre and then ordinary people's smartphones.
The signal travels at almost light speed and faster than the earthquake shaking, 5.________ (give) local people a little time to prepare, and the system can usually send messages to people in less than two seconds. It's life saving. The system, 6.________ can be the most advanced in many ways, will be the largest earthquake observation network in the world, not only detecting the 7.________ (move) of the continents but also calculating the possible impact 8.________ an earthquake. It will automatically warn local people, making 9.________ (it) much faster than human observation. The system, overseen by China's Ministry of Emergency Management, is set 10.________ (complete) in 2022.
Ⅲ.书面表达
请根据下面所给的情境内容写一篇新闻报道摘要，具体介绍一次火灾的相关内容。
时间：昨日深夜；
地点：大山林场(Dashan Timber Land)；
起因：路人乱扔烟头(cigarette end)；
经过：消防员赶到现场，5小时奋战后控制了火势；
后果：1/3的森林被毁，一人死亡，两名消防员受伤。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课时作业(三) Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.
1．calm; down 2.As usual 3.less; than 4.instead of
5．make every effort to 6.got up on his feet 7.suffered from
8．a large number of 9.as if 10.in ruins
Ⅱ.
1．deadly 2.being trapped 3.wisdom 4.shocked 5.buried
6．flooded 7.rescuers 8.effective 9.powerful 10.breathe
Ⅲ.
1．greatly affected 2.made efforts to 3.pay attention to
4．take turns to ask 5.The number of
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了塑料垃圾给海洋带来的巨大危害，并呼吁人们积极行动起来，保护海洋环境。
1．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者提到Pilgrims是为了表明塑料垃圾对海洋有持久的影响。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，海洋动物面临的主要问题是把塑料当作食物。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Ted Siegler想告诉我们是采取措施处理塑料垃圾的时候了。
4．答案与解析：C 文章出处题。文章主要是关于海洋垃圾和海洋生物保护的，由此可推知这篇文章可能出自一份环境报告。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了由于灾难性的火灾，在澳大利亚超过 200 万英亩的土地被烧，考拉面临严峻的形势。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，考拉躲避火灾方法是：爬到树上，蜷曲身体成球保护自己。
6．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“While koalas...the animals are facing new danger not just from climate change but also from human activities, which...”可知，除了森林大火，更多的人类活动也威胁着考拉的生存。
7．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，应该采取更多措施保护考拉。
8．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述澳大利亚森林大火持续蔓延，严重影响了考拉的生存条件，它们还面临着天气变化和人类活动的威胁，我们必须采取措施保护它们。故D项“救救大火的受害者：澳大利亚的考拉”适合作为文章标题。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国正在建设世界上最大的地震预警系统。
1．答案与解析：reliable 考查形容词。句意：不幸的是，我们没有一个可靠的方法来预测。本空修饰名词way，故应用形容词reliable，意为“可靠的，可信赖的”。
2．答案与解析：possibly 考查副词。句意：它可能是最先进的。本空修饰形容词advanced，故应用副词possibly。
3．答案与解析：are setting 考查时态。句意：工程师们正在全国范围内安装超过15，000个传感器，并将它们连接到一个网络上。根据后面and并列的动词wiring及句意可知，本空应用现在进行时are setting。
4．答案与解析：When/If/Once/After 考查状语从句连接词。句意：当/如果/一旦/地震发生时(地震发生后)，传感器可以向控制中心发送电脉冲。根据句意可知，本空可填When/If/Once/After。
5．答案与解析：giving 考查现在分词。句意：该信号的传送速度几乎达到光速，比地震的震动速度还要快，给当地居民一点时间做准备。本空在句中作状语，且和主语“The signal”之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。
6．答案与解析：which 考查非限制性定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰“The system”，本空在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which。
7．答案与解析：movement/move 考查名词。句意：不仅可以探测大陆的运动。根据空前冠词the及空后介词of可知，本空应用名词形式movement或move。
8．答案与解析：of 考查介词。the possible impact 8.________ an earthquake意为“地震可能的影响”，故本空应填介词of。
9．答案与解析：itself 考查代词。句意：它会自动向当地人发出警告，比人类的观察速度快得多。making的逻辑主语为句子的主语it即the system，和本空人称一致，故本空应用反身代词itself作宾语，代替语境中的“预警系统本身”。
10．答案与解析：to be completed 考查不定式。句意：该系统由中国应急管理部监管，预计将于2022年完工。根据句中时间状语“in 2022”可知，这里用不定式的一般式表示将来要进行的动作，且句中主语“The system”与“complete”之间为逻辑被动关系，故本空应用不定式的被动结构to be completed。
Ⅲ.
参考范文：
A terrible fire broke out in Dashan Timber Land at midnight yesterday. The firefighters hurried there at once on hearing the news. Although the fire was very big and the smoke was very heavy, they bravely fought against it. The fire lasted five hours before the firefighters were able to bring it under control. To everyone's sorrow, almost one third of the forest was destroyed in the fire. Worse still, one person was killed and two firefighters were badly injured. It's said that the fire was started by a live cigarette end thrown carelessly by a passer by.
1课时作业(二) Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is very important to know first aid kit in case of e________．
2．The government promised the public to increase the ________ (供应量) of green products in the market.
3．Having a good sense of smell, dogs are often used to search for those s________ in an earthquake.
4．People were swimming in the ocean despite the ________ (飓风) warning.
5．When seeing we were trapped, one of the rescue workers came to our a ________．
6．The judge finally blew the w________， which meant the game came to a stop.
7．The ________ (火山) erupted last year killing about 600 people.
8．Sara is usually a c________ (沉着的) girl, but she lost it after being laughed at in public.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．With the more strict competition regulations, there is almost not ________ black whistle in the event.
2．The workers went ________ strike, asking their boss for more pay and better working conditions.
3．There's no doubt that China is on the way to becoming a ________ (power) country in the world.
4．It is reported that the volcano in Japan is showing signs of ________ (erupt) in recent years.
5．Because of the recent frequent earthquakes, people have to sleep ________ the open air.
6．To our great joy, a rescue worker heard the last survivor ________ (tap) his fingers on the pipe.
7．One of the water ________ (pipe) burst and the entire apartment was flooded.
Ⅲ.单元语法练习
用适当的关系代词填入下列各句
1．The old man ________ we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
2．Miss Wang is taking care of the child ________ parents have gone to Beijing .
3．I live in the room ________ windows face south.
4．I'll never forget the days ________ I spent in the countryside.
5．The man ________ my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.
6．This is one of the most interesting films ________ I have ever seen.
7．He is the only one of the students who ________ (be) a winner of scholarship for three years.
8．—Why does she always ask you for help
—There is no one else ________ she can turn to, is there
9．Will you please show me the way to the only tall building that ________ (stand) near the post office
10．The comrade I want to learn from is the one ________ studies hard and works hard.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．那个人的汽车抛锚了，他们都跑过去帮忙。
They rushed over to help the man ________________ had broken down.
2．借给你钱的那个人叫什么名字？
What was the name of the man ________________________________？
3．孩子们喜欢我夫人做的饼干。
The children like the cookies ________________________________．
4．这就是那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家。
This is the famous singer ________ we have often talked ________．
5．她也许是我教的学生中学习最勤奋的。
She was probably the hardest working student ________________________ ever ________．
关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Middle School Laboratory Safety Rules
Science is about discovering and exploring the natural world. Explorations can occur in the classroom, laboratory or field.As part of your science lessons, you will take part in many activities using many different materials, equipment and chemicals, which can be dangerous if not used correctly. As a result, you may be faced with biological, chemical or physical hazards．
Safety is THE MOST IMPORTANT thing. The following safety rules have been developed for the protection and safety of everyone.
★Behave yourself in a responsible way at all times. Risky behaviours such as throwing things and doing experiments without teachers' instructions are not allowed.
★Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.
★Do not enter or work in the laboratory unless an instructor is present.
★Never enter areas where chemicals are kept.
★Taking any chemicals or equipment away from the classroom or laboratory is not allowed.
The safety rules must be followed at all times. Review these rules with your teacher and parents; then sign and get the signature (签名) of a parent.The signature shows that you understand the lab can be dangerous, and that you have read the rules and agree to follow them at all times. Signatures are needed before you can go on with any lab or science classroom activity.
1．What does the underlined word “hazards” probably mean in Paragraph 1
A．Illnesses. B．Examinations.
C．Dangers. D．Experiments.
2．Which of the following might be allowed in the lab
A．Drinking soda.
B．Having breakfast.
C．Taking away chemicals.
D．Wearing glasses.
3．What should students do after reading the text
A．Sign to agree to the rules.
B．Get a teacher's signature.
C．Take a test on safety rules.
D．Go on with lab activities.
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2022·陕西岐山期中]The city was in ruins after the disaster. I had no choice but to walk home as all the __1__ had stopped as a result of the flood. On my way home I __2__ an old lady giving out free bread, which made my heart __3__.
My friend, who wanted to be __4__ to others, stood in the cold with a sign “If you don't __5__ a motorcycle, I'll be glad to drive you home.”
The next day I drove to have my car __6__. There was not enough __7__ now and many gas stations were closed or had very __8__ lines because of the damage of pipes. I got worried, since I was behind fifteen cars. Finally, when my __9__ came, the man smiled and said, “We are only giving $30 worth of gas per person. Is that alright？” Of course. It's nice that we are all able to __10__，” I said. I was affected by his smile.
At the escape center I saw a man __11__ when people brought food to him. It was the first time in three days that he had got food supplies. __12__， after he cleaned up the tears, his next words surprised me. “I am very __13__ that we are provided with food. But people in the city next to us haven't __14__ any food at all. Please go to that center as well.” Hearing that, I realized there was a bright future on the other side of this __15__.,
1．A.life B．business
C．rescue D．traffic
2．A.noticed B．missed
C．ignored D．caught
3．A.kind B．broken
C．warm D．empty
4．A.grateful B．helpful
C．unique D．familiar
5．A.buy B．care
C．matter D．mind
6．A.used up B．taken up
C．filled up D．washed away
7．A.gas B．information
C．food D．water
8．A.direct B．fine
C．long D．thin
9．A.time B．turn
C．duty D．decision
10．A.share B．offer
C．learn D．choose
11．A.crying B．eating
C．smiling D．singing
12．A.Besides B．Still
C．However D．Instead
13．A.sure B．thankful
C．surprised D．proud
14．A.bought B．wasted
C．prepared D．received
15．A.disaster B．chance
C．city D．center
Ⅲ.读后续写
Fisherman Salvador was just trying to make a living on the sea with fellow fisherman Cordoba. Two days into the journey, disaster struck, and the two men would begin the greatest challenge of their lives.
The boat was loaded with tons of provisions, including 70 gallons of gasoline, 16 gallons of water, 50 Ibs of sardines for bait (鱼饵). They also had a mobile phone, kept safe in a plastic bag, a GPS, and a two way radio. The two had never spoken before or worked together, but they liked fishing and both of them seemed to know what they were doing.
Two days later, the weather was getting worse and worse. Salvador was trying to remain calm, but Cordoba was not prepared.He held on to the rail (围栏) for dear life as the waves crashed around them, vomiting (呕吐) and crying. When the storm finally passed, Salvador noticed that they had drifted far away from land. To make matters worse, the motor had stopped working. Salvador called his boss on the radio, but there was no response. Even worse was the fact that the GPS they has brought with them had stopped working.
The two men had been at sea for two months. While Salvador had become accustomed to catching and eating the animals available to them, Cordoba's mental health and physical health had begun to decrease. Once he got sick from eating raw seabirds, he refused to eat at all. His own depression, fear and malnutrition (营养不良) finally killed him, leaving Salvador alone on the boat.
One day, after a terrible storm, Salvador found the sky was suddenly filled with shorebirds. He knew that he was heading for land at last. He must have been close. There, in the distance was a green Pacific atoll (环礁). It looked small and wild, but it was dry land and would likely have food and shelter.
Salvador struggled until he reached what appeared to be a beach house. This was a fisherman's home. Seeing a weak man heading to their home unsteadily from the sea, the fisherman and his wife rushed out to him and welcomed him into their home. They had never seen anyone so weak and hungry. They were surprised that Salvador remained awake and managed to ask for a doctor before losing consciousness. Meanwhile they prepared abundant food and water for him.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为80左右；
2．续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好。
Salvador was rescued.
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课时作业(二) Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.
1．emergency 2.supply 3.survivors 4.hurricane 5.aid 6.whistle 7.volcano 8.calm
Ⅱ.
1．a 2.on 3.powerful 4.erupting 5.in 6.tapping 7.pipes
Ⅲ.
1．whom/that/who 2.whose 3.whose 4.that/which
5．that/whom/who 6.that 7.is 8.that/whom/who
9．stands 10.who/that
Ⅳ.
1．whose car
2．who lent you money
3．that/which my wife makes
4．whom/that/who; about
5．that/who/whom I have; taught
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了同学们在实验室需要遵守的一些规则以及制度，以此保证同学们在实验过程中的安全。
1．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。根据前句中“which can be dangerous if not used correctly”可知，如果你没有使用正确，则会让自己处于危险之中。故画线词hazards意为“危险”。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二个星号所在段中“Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.”可知，吃东西、喝饮料、嚼口香糖以及化妆和戴隐形眼镜是不被允许的。D项(戴眼镜)未在禁止之列，是可以的。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Review these rules with your teacher and parents; then sign and get the signature(签名)of a parent.”可知，学生要仔细浏览这些规则，并在家长的陪同下签名以表示你同意遵守这些规则，故学生读了这篇文章后应该签字同意这些规则。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者所生活的城市遭受洪水灾害后，很多人的无私援助让作者感受到了温暖，而且一些难民的举动也让作者感到了城市的光明前景的故事。
1．答案与解析：D 根据上文“I had no choice but to walk home”可知，洪水使得交通(traffic)瘫痪，作者只能步行回家。
2．答案与解析：A 根据空后“an old lady giving out free bread”可知，作者在回家的路上应该是注意到(noticed)一位老太太在给大家分发免费的面包。
3．答案与解析：C 根据情景可知，老太太给大家分发免费面包的场景使作者感到温暖(warm)。
4．答案与解析：B 根据下文“I'll be glad to drive you home”可知，他希望能够对别人有所帮助(helpful)。grateful感激的；unique独一无二的；familiar熟悉的。
5．答案与解析：D 根据常识可知，在寒冷的天气里乘坐摩托车是很冷的，所以如果您不介意(mind)坐摩托车的话，我会非常乐意把您送回家。
6．答案与解析：C 根据下文gas stations可知，作者是去加油站给汽车加油(filled up)。use up用完，耗尽； take up占据，从事；wash away冲走。
7．答案与解析：A 根据下文“many gas stations were closed...I got worried”可知，我的车现在没有足够的汽油(gas)了，许多加油站要么关闭，要么排起了长队。information信息。
8．答案与解析：C 根据上下文可知，等待给车加油的人很多，排着长长的(long)队。direct笔直的；thin瘦的。
9．答案与解析：B 根据上文提到作者在排队加油，此处指轮到(turn)作者的车加油了。
10．答案与解析：A 根据上文“we are only giving $30 worth of gas per person.”每个人只可以加30美元的汽油，所以大家都可以分享(share)一些，而不至于有些司机加不到油。
11．答案与解析：A 根据下文“after he cleaned up the tears”可知，那个人因为人们给他带来食物而感动得哭了(crying)。
12．答案与解析：C 根据上下文句意可知，前后句之间是转折关系，故用however。
13．答案与解析：B 根据下文“we are provided with food”可知，这个人非常感激(thankful)大家提供给他的食物。
14．答案与解析：D 根据下文“Please go to that center as well”可知，隔壁城市的人们还没有收到(received)任何食物。
15．答案与解析：C 根据首段中的“The city was in ruins”可知，作者感到这个城市(city)会有光明的未来。disaster灾难。
Ⅲ.
参考范文：
Salvadorwasrescued. Despite suffering unimaginable hardships, Salvador had survived his journey. He has spent 438 days lost at sea and finally he was safe. Soon enough, he was on his way back home to E1 Salvador, where he was reunited with his family. Of course, he made time to visit Cordoba's mother to tell her the news of her son's death. No matter what situation we are in, prepare for anything possible and stick to the last minute bravely.
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