牛津版九年级英语上册Unit 2 Great minds 语法：不定式与非谓语复习（无答案）

Part 1 知识探究
学习目标
掌握非谓语动词
学习动词不定式的形式、句法功能和常用搭配
重点学习动词不定式充当定语、主语和表语成分
语法讲解
What happened to him His mother asked him to do his homework.
Would you mind opening the window
Tom had his hair cut.
动词不定式的基本含义是表示目的或是未来要发生的动作。基本结构为“to+动词原形”(to有时可以省略)。在句中除不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可充当。如：主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等。本单元主要学习动词不定式作定语、主语和表语。
一、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式做定语放在它所修饰的词之后，做后置定语。不定式可与被修饰词构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾关系。
He is always the first（person）to come to school. （主谓关系）
她总是第一个到学校（的人）。
I'm the only man to hear the news. 我是唯一一个听到这个消息的人。（主谓关系）
I have a letter to answer. 我有封信要回。（动宾关系）
二、动词不定式作主语
　动词不定式作主语时，常常用it作形式主语，放在句子的开头；真正的主语—动词不定式短语置于句末，以避免“头重脚轻”。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首。
It is necessary to study hard. = To study hard is necessary. 努力学习是有必要的。
It is his duty to help the poor. = To help the poor is his duty. 帮助穷人是他的责任。
【回顾】用it代替动词不定式作主语的常考句型：
1、It + be + 形容词（+ of/ for sb.）+ to do sth
当形容词是与事物的特征有关的词时，如easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary 等，在不定式前面用for引出逻辑主语。但如果形容词是kind, nice, right, wrong, polite, rude, clever, foolish, careful, careless 等描述人的性格、品质的词时，应在不定式前用 of引出逻辑主语。
It’s very kind of you to do that. 你那样做真好。
It’s necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day.
2、It takes sb. some time to do sth. 本句型表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”或“某人花费多少时间做某事”。
It takes him half an hour to do his homework every day.
他每天花半个小时做他的家庭作业。
3、It + be +名词 + 动词不定式。
It was great fun to have a party there. 在那里举行聚会很有意思。
It was a great pleasure work with you. 和你们一起工作非常愉快。
三、动词不定式做表语
动词不定式常在be 动词后作表语，主语通常是dream, wish, job 等词。
Her wish is to be a teacher. = To be a teacher is her wish.
她的愿望是当一名老师。
Our job is to look after the animals. = To look after the animals is our job.
我们的工作是照顾那些动物。
四、动词不定式符号to的省略
1) 在“一感(feel),二听(hear, listen),三让(let, make, have),四看(look at, see, watch, notice), 半帮助(help)”后作宾补的动词不定式可以省略to，但在被动语态中，必须带to。 I saw him go into the room just now. = He was seen to go into the room just now. The boss made my friend work the whole night. =My friend were made to work the whole night by the boss.
2) would rather(not) do than do ; had better(not) do We had better take some warm clothes.
3) why not do; can’t but do Why not have a rest I can’t but walk to school.
4) 当两个或多个动词不定式并列时，第一个动词不定式加to，后面的动词不定式省略to I want to visit him and ask for some help.
【语法专练】
一、单项选择。
1. —Why don’t you go out to play, Rose
—I’m afraid I can't. I have much homework .
A. do B. does C. doing D. to do
2. —I often have hamburgers for lunch.
—You’d better not. It's bad for you too much junk food.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
3. It took us two hours writing this report.
A. to finish B. finish C. finish D. finishing
4. Many animals have no place because our villages and farms are growing
bigger.
A. lived B. living C. to be living D. to live
5. It’ll be cheap everywhere by plane in the future.
A. travel B. travels C. travelling D. to travel
6. My wish is a house of my own.
A. to have B. for having C. have D. of having
7. Would you like something
A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks
8. He is an easy man .
A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with
9. It's our duty the room every day.
A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans
10. He loves praise. He is always the first and the last .
A. of coming ; of leaving B. comes; leaves
C. to come; to leave D. coming; leaving
11. There is nothing .
A. to worry B. to worry about C. worry D. worry about
12. It is careless the same mistake in your composition .
A. for you to make B. for you making
C. of you to make D. of you making
13. ______ with him is a great pleasure.
A. To talk B. Talk C. Talked D. To talking
14. The chair looks very old, I want a new one .
A. sit B. to sit on C. sat D. sit on
15. is useful for our health.
A. Do morning exercises B. To do morning exercises
C. Morning exercises D. Morning exercises done
二. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. It took him an hour____________（do）his homework.
2. His dream is____________（be）a doctor.
3. It’s not easy____________（plant）trees in the desert.
4. The old man finds it difficult____________（fall）asleep at night.
5. She has a child____________（take）care of.
6. I have no time____________（see）a movie.
7. The first important thing is____________（save）the soldier’s life.
8. It’s important for us____________（have）enough sleep.
9. His job is____________（clean）the classroom.
10. where____________（go）has not been decided.
Part 2 综合提升
【4】
What is the most beautiful picture in your eyes Do you think there are perfect paintings in the world There was once a painter whose goal was to paint the 46 painting in the world. Day and night he painted 47 his greatest work. He painted many paintings, but every time, he would throw away paintings 48 he thought were less than perfect.
At the same time, another painter who worked in the same studio 49 painted many paintings. He tried his best to paint and hardly 50 any paintings away. The first painter would sometimes 51 by, looking at the second painter’s finished works, and laugh at them. “These paintings are worthless 52 no one will ever buy them!” he would say.
The second painter would always answer, “We’ll see.” And in time, the second painter sold nearly all of 53 works. Even if they were less than perfect, people were happy 54 them.
The first painter never achieved 55 he wanted and finally gave up on his dream of perfection. He went home, penniless, having never sold 56 of his paintings.
There is a saying-“Practice makes perfect.” It 57 to say that people become better at something if they do it often. For example, 58 you want to be a good writer, you should write every day. But in fact, 59 saying is not always true. No one is perfect, and 60 for perfection often ends in failure. But if we simply do our best and work hard, we can usually succeed in life.
46．A．good B．better C．best D．well
47．A．making B．to make C．makes D．made
48．A．where B．when C．who D．that
49．A．also B．too C．either D．then
50．A．throw B．threw C．was throwing D．throws
51．A．walks B．walking C．walked D．walk
52．A．but B．or C．and D．as
53．A．his B．him C．himself D．he
54．A．for B．of C．with D．in
55．A．what B．why C．how D．whom
56．A．some B．any C．many D．much
57．A．used B．uses C．is used D．was used
58．A．before B．if C．though D．unless
59．A．a B．an C．/ D．the
60．A．looking B．to look C．looks D．looked
【5】
A well-known poem by Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu tells of a scene in early April: “Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passersby with lowered spirits go.” This scene happens on Tomb Sweeping Day, also known 61 Qingming Festival. It is 62 one-day Chinese holiday that has been celebrated in China for centuries. Every year in early April, 63 Chinese people visit the tombs of their ancestors to show their respect.
This year, Tomb Sweeping Day 64 on April 4th. On that day, Chinese families sweep the tombs and clean away the grass around them. Then they burn paper money and put flowers and fruit in front of the tombs. They hope the dead can enjoy 65 and bring the family good luck.
However, it is not only the Chinese 66 remember the dead. People in 67 countries also have festivals for the dead.
In Japan, the O-Bon Festival is one of 68 festivals. It 69 from August 13 to 16. It is also a holiday that serves as a family reunion. All the members of the family 70 go back home for it. It is said that their ancestor's spirits return at this time to visit their relatives. People perform "bon odori" dance to welcome the spirits. At the end of O- Bon, they put paper lanterns in a river 71 off the spirits.
In Russia, people remember their ancestors on the Day of Rejoicing. It's usually in late April or early May. The name of this festival means birth and 72 . In Russia，it's 73 believed that people shouldn't feel sad for the dead because death means birth in another world. On the Day of Rejoicing，people usually draw beautiful pictures on eggs and put them in front of the tombs on this day. After 74 a picnic together，they will make wishes for good life for both the living and the dead ones. 75 this day is mostly about remembering the dead，it's also a happy time to get married. Many families look forward to the weddings held on or around this date. And if newly-married couple visits the tomb on this day，it is a tradition to bow(鞠躬) before their ancestors' tombs and ask them for their blessings(祝福).
61．A．by B．for. C．as D．to
62．A．a B．an C．the D．/
63．A．thousand of B．thousands of C．thousand D．thousands
64．A．fell B．fall C．falls D．would fall
65．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
66．A．which B．whose C．whom D．who
67．A．other B．the other C．others D．another
68．A．important B．more important
C．most important D．the most important
69．A．hold B．held C．is held D．was held
70．A．should B．have to C．would D．could
71．A．send B．to send C．sent D．sending
72．A．happy B．happier C．happily D．happiness
73．A．wide B．widely C．wider D．widest
74．A．have B．had C．having D．has
75．A．Although B．Because C．As D．When
【6】
Computers, smartphones, and 76 machines are the perfect servants. They always do 77 they are “told”. We usually “tell” them to do things by using a mouse or keyboard. But what if we could just talk to them normally and literally （真正地） tell them what to do
This type of technology, 78 as voice control or voice recognition（识别）, 79 in films and TV shows since the 1960s. The Star Trek TV series, which debuted （首播） at this time, showed spaceships that could reply to human voice commands （命令）. The 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey “starred” HAL 9000, a computer 80 human astronauts could talk to. It was 81 used to play chess and maintain the astronauts’ spaceship.
Real-world voice recognition, on the other hand, is used for more everyday tasks. You 82 be familiar with Siri and Alexa, two examples of voice recognition software made by Apple and Amazon. They can be asked to do many things, 83 setting alarms and playing music to 84 online grocery orders and activating household appliances.
One of the nice things about voice recognition 85 that it can be used when we’re on the go. When you’re driving a car or 86 down the sidewalk, it can be 87 or even dangerous to pick up your smartphone and type away on the keyboard. Voice recognition 88 you to focus on whatever you’re doing at the moment while still doing other tasks.
People with hearing disabilities can also benefit, 89 speech recognition software can be used to “listen” to 90 words and turn them into text that deaf people can read. Advanced speech recognition software can even hear words spoken in one language and then translate them into another language.
76．A．the other B．other C．others D．another
77．A．when B．where C．which D．what
78．A．known B．knows C．knew D．knowing
79．A．shows B．is shown C．has shown D．has been shown
80．A．when B．where C．that D．what
81．A．main B．remain C．mainly D．mains
82．A．might B．can C．should D．must
83．A．in B．for C．as D．from
84．A．placing B．places C．placed D．place
85．A．is B．are C．was D．were
86．A．walk B．walks C．walked D．walking
87．A．convenient B．convenience C．inconvenient D．inconvenience
88．A．allow B．allows C．allowed D．allowing
89．A．when B．as C．if D．so
90．A．speak B．spoke C．spoken D．is spoken
Part 3 课后作业 非谓语综合练习
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Sometimes we find her _______ (drive) the tractor on the farm.
2. Li Lei is asking his uncle, an English teacher, ______ (help) him think of a foreign name.
3. —Hi! Li Hong. I didn’t see you at the party.
—Oh, I was busy ______ (get) ready for the coming exams.
4. The old men enjoy ______ (listen) to the singing of the birds in the park.
5. The girl _______ (stand) under the tree is my cousin Kate.
6. Books _______ (write) in easy English are very popular among Chinese middle school students.
7. Why did you keep your brother _______ (wait) for a long time that evening
8. I found the door _______ (close) when I got home.
9. When they met again, they were too excited _______ (say) a word.
10. Through the window, I saw some boys _______ (play) basketball.
二、单项选择
1. It’s bad for your eyes computer games too much.
A. plays B. to play C. play D. to playing
2. — What did Mr. Zhang say just now
— He told us any further. There is danger ahead.
A. don’t go B. not go C. to go D. not to go
3. My pen pal-Andrew found it difficult Chinese well.
A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned
4. — How do you know that Jenny likes singing
— I often hear her after class.
A. to sing B. sang C. sing D. sings
5. Lisa was driving along a new street and she didn’t know her car.
A. where park B. where to park C. when parked D. how parking
6. — What’s your plan for the summer holidays
— I’ve no idea, but I’ve decided at home and have a good rest first.
A. to stay B. stay C. stayed D. staying
7. — Kate, when shall we take a walk — After I finish the dishes.
A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed
8. Mary is looking forward to herself after the exam.
A. enjoying B. enjoy C. enjoyed D. be enjoying
9. — Tom, have you seen your brother
— Oh, I saw him ______ basketball on the playground just now.
A. to play B. plays C. playing D. played
10. If you feel tired, you may stop to have a rest.
A. to work B. worked C. work D. working
11. Thank you for us so much, Mr. Liang.
A. helping B. help C. helped D. to help
12. — Mary dances best in our school.
— I agree. I’ll never forget her dance for the first time.
A. to see B. seeing C. see D. saw
13. — When are you going to have your hair
— Tomorrow afternoon.
A. cut B. cutting C. to cut D. cuts
14. My best friend Charles comes from a village Ma Ji.
A. calls B. to call C. called D. calling
15. The book by Mo Yan is worth reading a second time.
A. wrote B. written C. to write D. writing
16. I used to _______ the bus, but now I am used to walking.
A. take B. taking C. took D. to take
17. — I don’ t know _______ next.
— You’d better finish your homework first.
A. what to do B. how to do C. when to do D. why to do
18. It’s dangerous _______a close look at the tiger in the zoo.
A. for us taking B. of us to take C. of us taking D. for us to take
19. When I was walking past his room yesterday evening, I heard him ______ piano.
A. playing B. to play the C. playing the D. to play
20. — Mom, I am afraid that I can’t get through the hard time we’re having now.
— My boy, be brave and tell yourself ______.
A. don’t give up B. not to give up C. not give up D. to give up
21. Why don’t we encourage our children ______ off the video games and pick up a book
A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. to turning