人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 单元练习（含答案无听力题）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 单元练习（含答案无听力题） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-22 08:52:17 | ||
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UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS 单元练习
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
San Francisco Fire Engine Tours
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running:February 1st through April 30th
This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price)
Departing from the Cannery:Tour times upon request
Duration(时长):2 hours
Price:$90
Back to the Fifties Tour
Running:August 16th through August 31st
This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco's most fantastic periods, the 1950s!Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.
Departing from the Cannery:5:00 pm and 7:30 pm
Duration:2 hours
Price:$90
Spooky Halloween Tour
Running:October 10th through October 31st
Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装)is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.
Departing from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pm
Duration:1 hour and 30 minutes
Price:Available upon request
Holiday Lights Tour
Running:December 6th through December 23rd
This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.
Departing from the Cannery:7:00 pm and 9:00 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Advance reservations required.
1.Which of the tours is available in March
A.San Francisco Winery Tour.
B.Back to the Fifties Tour.
C.Spooky Halloween Tour.
D.Holiday Lights Tour.
2.What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour
A.Go to Treasure Island.
B.Enjoy the holiday scenes.
C.Have free ice cream.
D.Visit the Presidio district.
3.What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour
A.Take some drinks.
B.Set off early in the morning.
C.Wear warm clothes.
D.Make reservations in advance.
B
Runners in a relay race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It was used from about 200 B.C. to about 1300 A.D., when sea travel offered new routes. It was sometimes called the world's longest highway. However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of the hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe and sound.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China.
Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from Central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接)different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to worldwide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web. The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy, and religion.
4.What is required to be traders along the Silk Road
A.Remembering the entire trade route.
B.Dealing with a lot of difficulties.
C.Receiving certain special training.
D.Knowing the making of products.
5.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.Silk was the most prized product.
B.The Silk Road led to worldwide business.
C.People traded many goods along the route.
D.The Silk Road used to be the world's longest highway.
6.How could the new technology travel along the Silk Road
A.People traded goods along the route.
B.People shared each other's beliefs.
C.People learned from one another.
D.People made a living by traveling.
7.What is the best title for the passage
A.The Silk Road: the East Meets the West
B.The Silk Road: the Past and the Present
C.The Silk Road: Routes Full of Dangers
D.The Silk Road: Pathways for Learning
C
Tower Bridge is a bascule bridge(竖旋桥) in London, over the Thames. It is close to the Tower of London, which gives it its name. It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as London Bridge, which is the next bridge upstream. It is one of five London bridges now owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, increased commercial development in the East End of London led to a requirement for a new river crossing downstream of London Bridge. A Special Bridge or Subway Committee was formed in 1876 to find a solution to the river crossing problem. It opened the design of the crossing to public competition. Over 50 designs were received. The judgment of the designs was surrounded by argument, and it wasn't until 1884 that a design sent by Horace Jones was sanctioned.
The construction of the bridge started in 1886 and took about 8 years' hard work of 432 construction workers. Over 70,000 tons of concrete was sunk into the river bed to support the construction. Over 11,000 tons of steel provided the framework for the towers and walkways. Horace Jones died in 1887, and another engineer took over the project. The bridge was opened in 1894.
The bridge sits almost directly above the Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway (1870), which, until the bridge was opened, was the shortest way to cross the Thames. A computer system was installed(安装) in 2000 to control the raising and lowering of the bascule. However, this has proved less reliable than expected, resulting in the bridge being stuck in the open or closed position on a number of occasions.
8.What does Paragraph 1 say about Tower Bridge
A.It's named after a famous person.
B.It's another name for London Bridge.
C.It's not far from the Tower of London.
D.It's the only bridge over the Thames.
9.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sanctioned” in Paragraph 2
A.Tried.
B.Received.
C.Discovered.
D.Passed.
10.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A.The history of Tower Bridge.
B.The building of Tower Bridge.
C.The influence of Tower Bridge.
D.The importance of Tower Bridge.
11.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Many breakdowns have happened to Tower Bridge.
B.The computer system works better than expected.
C.The underground tube railway has a history of less than 20 years.
D.The Tower Subway is the shortest way to cross the Thames.
D
Named “America's Finest City” due to its hospitality, beauty and ideal climate, San Diego is located on the border with Mexico. The residents are so active outdoors that it is called “Sportstown, the U.S.A.”. San Diego's 70 miles of beaches are a heaven for swimmers, surfers, divers, boaters and sunbathers. Another favourite outside activity is golf. With 100 courses (about 50 of them public), San Diego is a golfer's paradise.
Many San Diego residents came here first as tourists who were attracted by San Diego's sunny beaches, nearby mountains and deserts, plus the cultural delights of any big city. The world-famous San Diego Zoo, Sea World, Wild Animal Park, museums, concerts and other attractions bring visitors from around the world.
The zoo is home to some 4,000 animals, including the world's largest collection of parrots. Animals are displayed in natural settings, and there is a petting zoo for children. By contrast, the Wild Animal Park is a wildlife preserve with an area of over 2,000 acres and more than 3,000 free-roaming(自由漫步) animals in natural habitats.
In addition to housing the zoo, Balboa Park is home to several museums and attractions, including an aerospace museum, an art and history museum, the Old Globe Theatre, science museums and even a railroad museum. Free concerts are offered frequently. Another popular attraction is the Sea World, a 150-acre marine park.
San Diego's varied attractions, as well as its business climate, offer many opportunities for students to explore the local culture, meet people from around the world, and gain business experience. At San Diego State University, for example, students in the American Language Institute's study tour program learn English both in the classroom and while sightseeing.
12.The residents of San Diego probably like to .
A.have sports outdoors
B.travel to other places
C.stay at home
D.stay outdoors all day
13.Many San Diego residents came to settle down in San Diego because .
A.it was more convenient to live there
B.they were attracted by its beauty and culture
C.they could make money from tourism there
D.it was a quiet place to enjoy themselves
14.Which of the following most attracts children
A.The parrots.
B.The art and history museum.
C.The petting zoo.
D.The Old Globe Theatre.
15.We can infer from the last paragraph that .
A.San Diego is a good place for students to gain practical experience
B.San Diego State University is most famous for language studies
C.San Diego is not a good place to do business
D.students at San Diego State University don't have to work hard
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every year, groups of tourists travel to central US states like Oklahoma, Texas and Nebraska for their summer vacation. 16 They're going to chase storms.
Once an activity only for scientists and adventurous types, storm chasing has now become an increasingly popular pastime for people from all over the world. 17 Storm chasers analyze weather reports and maps to locate an incoming storm before driving hundreds of miles toward it to witness a tornado in action.
The people going on these tours vary from curious first-time chasers looking for something different to storm chasing“addicts” like Nicholas Lee, a weather forecaster from the UK. 18 Now he saves up his vacation days to go storm chasing for three weeks every summer in the center of the US. It is the place well known for producing massive storms.
19 Since then the activity has continued to grow in popularity. Considering the potential dangers it possesses, it is obviously not for everybody. And yet, more and more people are coming out doing the storm-chasing tours.
The real dangers of storm chasing are not just being swept up by a tornado. When a large tornado is predicted for the day, a number of storm chasers will drive to that high-risk area, causing serious traffic jams, which makes it harder to access the perfect spot to witness a tornado. The escape routes will be too congested(拥挤的)as well. 20 Take the tornado that touched down near El Reno, Oklahoma in 2013, for example. More than 150 people were injured, and 20 killed in it, including Tim Samaras, an experienced storm chaser plus his son and another partner.
Despite the increasing interest in storm chasing, it is still a very non-mainstream hobby.
A.Sometimes it can be life-threatening.
B.He went on his first storm-chasing tour in 2015.
C.But these people are not looking for sunshine or sightseeing.
D.He cannot wait to see that happening at any time soon.
E.Storm chasing was first popularized by the 1996 film Twister.
F.It means going to “high risk areas” where severe weather occurs.
G.How did potentially deadly weather become a popular tourist attraction
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sitting back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts 21 was “impossible”. The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining. All this time, the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. The words “railways like massive dragons are 22 among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”.
I was one of the people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway. Taking years to complete, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to 23 the most difficult engineering challenges. How to protect the 24 ecosystem was among the top 25 .
The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost. Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass 26 their leisure. Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural 27 . Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem totally 28 that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa. We even moved 140,000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its 29 ecosystem.
The journey has been flying by, and 30 I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station. 31 at over 5,000 metres above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world. In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers. To make sure we stayed healthy, several oxygen-making stations were 32 . We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas.
As we pass Cuona Lake, I feel a sense of 33 and achievement. Using thousands and thousands of sandbags, we built a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste. Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface. Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's 34 for centuries. Now, 35 our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway, and did so with the care that the environment deserves. It truly is an extraordinary “Sky Railway”.
21.A.advertised B.claimed
C.probed D.dreaded
22.A.wandering B.winding
C.wondering D.whispering
23.A.defeat B.win C.beat D.overcome
24.A.splendid B.delicate
C.awesome D.vivid
25.A.concerns B.remarks
C.brands D.blessings
26.A.on B.at C.of D.for
27.A.habitat B.haunt C.distance D.trend
28.A.conscious B.delighted
C.tactile D.unaware
29.A.permanent B.mighty
C.distinct D.massive
30.A.before B.after
C.since D.as
31.A.Concluded B.Located
C.Generated D.Declined
32.A.sculpted B.suspected
C.constructed D.detected
33.A.pride B.perseverance
C.philosophy D.preference
34.A.qualification B.admiration
C.association D.innovation
35.A.regardless of B.as for
C.in addition to D.thanks to
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobody wants to be aged, but 36 it comes to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the world's oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most 37 (attract) cities in the world that I'd like to recommend to you.
Luoyang stands out 38 the oldest continually inhabited(有人居住的) city in Asia. The city is considered to be 39 birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China. There 40 (be) no other city in China that has seen so many 41 (dynasty) like Luoyang.
With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot
42 (offer). The Longmen Grottoes (龙门石窟),which 43 (include) in the World Heritage List since 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples
44 (constant) attract tourists from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple
45 (build) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的澳大利亚朋友Mike本月底要来你市旅游,想让你为他推荐一个值得一游的去处。请你给他回信,要点如下:
1.收信时的感想;
2.推荐并介绍一个值得一去的地方。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Deep in the forest, my husband and I had fun climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us. It was May, yet we walked up a snow-covered hill.
When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees, it did not dampen(减弱) our spirits. Not once did we say, “Let's turn around.” This was our vacation, and we were on an adventure. Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one-kilometer hike, yet we were already walking a long distance. Our lightheartedness(轻松自在) stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it. As my eyes scanned the surroundings, nothing looked familiar. My heart raced(急速跳动). I realized we were lost in a national park that did not officially open.
Usually, I am the calm one in the relationship, but my husband surprised me with his calmness. This did not comfort me; in fact, it heightened(增加) my fear. As we walked, I asked my husband to call for help, but there was no cellphone signal in this isolated area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road, and my heavy breathing. My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower. With each step on the road, my feet and thighs(大腿) hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My gaze sharpened. I noticed everything around me:the trees, rocks and snow. I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water. For the first time in my life, I was ready and willing to get a ride, but we did not meet a single car on the road. Silently, I prayed multiple times. We focused on each other, made joint decisions and connected through gratitude. We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance.
Paragraph 2:
Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.”
参考答案
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.A
8.C 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.C
15.A 16.C 17.F 18.B 19.E 20.A 21.B
22.B 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.D
29.C 30.A 31.B 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇广告类文章,介绍了旧金山四项各具特色的游玩活动。
1.A 细节理解题。根据短文中对这四项活动的运行时间的介绍可知,第一项活动的时间是 February 1st through April 30th,即从2月1号一直到4月30号,所以答案为A项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二部分的 “as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream”可知,参加这项游玩活动你可以品尝到免费的冰激凌,所以答案为C项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的最后一句话 “Advance reservations required.”可知,参加这项游玩活动需要预订,所以答案为D项。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古代丝绸之路的由来,具体介绍了古时人们通过丝绸之路进行的贸易往来以及丝绸之路在东西方贸易发展和文化传播上发挥的重要作用。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of the hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe and sound.可知,这些路线要穿越高山和沙漠,而且有烈日、厚积雪甚至战争带来的危险,只有经验丰富的商人才能安然无恙地返回。由此可知,丝绸之路上的商人需要应对很多困难。故选B。
5.C 主旨大意题。第三段叙述的内容是:丝绸之路得名于它最珍贵的产品,丝绸可以像货币一样用来纳税或购买商品,但是商人们所携带的不仅仅是丝绸,来自欧洲的金、银和玻璃频繁地在中东和亚洲被发现,从其他地区买来的马匹改变了中国的农耕方式。由此可知,第三段主要介绍商人通过丝绸之路买卖的各种商品。故选C。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Chinese had learned to graft different trees...They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple.可知,中国人已经学会了把不同的树嫁接在一起……他们把这门科学传给了其他人,包括罗马人。罗马人用嫁接技术种植苹果。再根据后文The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy, and religion.可知,丝绸之路为学习、外交和宗教提供了途径。由此可知,新技术是通过人们互相学习来沿着丝绸之路传播的。故选C。
7.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了古代的丝绸之路,全文围绕古丝绸之路促进了东西方货物的交换、技术和文化的交流,说明了丝绸之路为世界贸易发展和文化传播起到的重要作用,是东西方之间的桥梁。故A选项“丝绸之路:东西方交汇”最适合作为文章标题。故选 A。
C
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了英国著名的伦敦塔桥。
8.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的叙述可知,伦敦塔桥是伦敦泰晤士河上的一座桥。伦敦塔桥距离伦敦塔很近,因此得名。它有时被错误地称为“伦敦桥”,而伦敦桥是上游靠近伦敦塔桥的一座桥。故C项正确,同时可排除A、B、D三个选项。
9.D 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段最后两句可知,委员会总共收到了五十多个设计方案,对这些设计方案的考量持续了好几年,由第三段倒数第二句可知Horace Jones去世前在负责该项目,所以此处表示他提交的设计方案被批准。D选项意为“通过”,两者意思相近。故选D。
10.B 主旨大意题。通读文章第三段内容可知,本段主要介绍了建造伦敦塔桥的相关信息。
11.A 细节理解题。根据文章末段末句However, this has proved less reliable than expected, resulting in the bridge being stuck in the open or closed position on a number of occasions.可知,伦敦塔桥发生过很多次故障。故选A。
D
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,说明了圣迭戈被称为“美国最好的城市”的主要原因。
12.A 细节理解题。从文章第一段中的The residents are so active outdoors that it is called “Sportstown, the U.S.A.”.可知应选A。
13.B 细节理解题。从文章第二段第一句可知,圣迭戈的许多居民原先都是游客,他们被这里的美景和文化吸引,因此定居下来。
14.C 细节理解题。从文章第三段中的there is a petting zoo for children可知,圣迭戈动物园中有为儿童设立的爱畜动物园,应该是最吸引孩子们的。
15.A 推理判断题。文章最后一段说明,学生们在圣迭戈可以一边接触来自世界各地的人,一边获得商业经验,还提到了学生们既能在教室中学习英语,也能在观光时学习英语。所以,圣迭戈对学生们来说是一个可以获得实践经验的好地方。故选A。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了追逐风暴这一活动,现在它已经成为一种越来越流行的消遣方式。文章介绍了这一活动开始流行的时间以及参与活动者所面临的危险等。
16.C 考查过渡句。根据空后句They're going to chase storms.可知,他们进行的是追逐风暴的活动。C选项“但这些人并不是在寻找阳光或观光”在此处与上下文逻辑关系吻合,故选C。
17.F 考查细节句。根据空后句可知,风暴追踪者通过分析天气报告和地图来确定即将到来的风暴的位置,然后驱车数百英里去看龙卷风。由此可知,追逐风暴意味着要去会有恶劣天气的高风险地区。故F选项“这意味着要去‘高风险地区’,那里会有恶劣的天气状况”与下文衔接紧密,故选F。
18.B 考查细节句。根据空前句可知,追逐风暴的人各不相同,从好奇的第一次追求新鲜感的追逐者,到追逐风暴的“瘾君子”,如Nicholas Lee,来自英国的天气预报员。B选项“2015年,他开始了他的第一次追逐风暴之旅”恰好与空后句中的Now体现的他现在的情况对应。He指代上文的Nicholas Lee。
19.E 考查主旨句。根据空后句可知,从那时起,这项活动越来越受欢迎。E选项中的1996即空后的then。且E项中的was first popularized 与后文的has continued to grow in popularity照应。故选E。
20.A 考查过渡句。结合空后句可知,以2013年侵袭俄克拉何马州埃尔里诺附近的龙卷风为例,事故造成150多人受伤,20人死亡,其中包括经验丰富的风暴追逐者Tim Samaras,以及他的儿子和另一名搭档。由此可知,追逐风暴可能会有生命危险。故A选项“有时它可能会危及生命”符合下文对上文的例证关系,故选A。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者乘坐了自己参与建设的青藏铁路时的感受,并回顾了建设铁路时的种种困难和对生态环境的保护。
21.B 句意:安稳地坐在我的座位上,我简直不敢相信,我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能(建成)”的铁路旅行。advertise做广告;claim宣称;probe详细调查;dread极为担心。故选B。
22.B 句意:当我(坐火车)穿过“世界屋脊”时,“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词显得格外生动鲜活。wander徘徊;wind蜿蜒;wonder想知道;whisper低语。根据“railways like massive dragons”可知,此处指铁路像巨龙一样在群山之中蜿蜒。故选B。
23.D 句意:青藏铁路历时数年建成,是我们攻克最困难的工程难题的全部努力的记录。defeat打败;win赢得;beat敲打;overcome克服。根据“Taking years to complete”以及“the most difficult engineering challenges”可知,这里指克服难题,故选D。
24.B 句意:如何保护脆弱的生态系统是(我们)首要关注的问题之一。splendid极好的;delicate脆弱的;awesome令人敬畏的;vivid生动的。根据第四段可知,修建铁路的所经之地的生态系统很脆弱。故选B。
25.A 句意见上一题。concern重要的事;remark评论;brand品牌;blessing祝福。根据下文作者对保护环境的行为的叙述可知,因为生态系统很脆弱,所以保护脆弱的生态系统是首要关注的问题。故选A。
26.B 句意:看!一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过,有的停下来悠闲地吃草。at leisure悠闲地,这里指“藏羚羊在悠闲地吃草”。故选B。
27.A 句意:铁路(桥)下修建了三十三条通道,让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。habitat栖息地;haunt常到的地方;distance距离;trend趋向。根据上文可知建铁路时要保护生态环境,可知修建通道是为了使动物能在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。故选A。
28.D 句意:它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时一百多千米的速度呼啸而过。conscious有意的;delighted高兴的;tactile触觉的;unaware未觉察到的。根据“Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely”和“Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.”可知,野生动物并未受到影响,所以此处指它们未觉察到。故选D。
29.C 句意:我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域,以保护其不同的生态系统。permanent永久的;mighty强大的;distinct不同的;massive大量的。根据“wetlands and grasslands”可知,迁移湿地是为了保护其不同的生态系统。故选C。
30.A 句意:旅程飞逝而过,还没等我反应过来,我们就已经到达了唐古拉车站。before在……之前;after在……之后;since自从; as因为。故选A。
31.B 句意:它建于海拔五千多米的地方,是世界上海拔最高的火车站。 conclude结束;locate把……建造于;generate引起;decline下降。故选B。
32.C 句意:为了确保我们的身体健康,建造了一些制氧站。 sculpt雕刻;suspect怀疑;construct建造;detect发觉。故选C。
33.A 句意:我们(坐火车)经过错那湖时,我感到一种自豪感和成就感。pride自豪;perseverance毅力;philosophy哲学;preference偏爱。根据“and achievement”可知,作者由于青藏铁路这一伟大成就产生了自豪感。故选A。
34.B 句意:几个世纪以来,青藏高原一直引人赞叹。qualification资格;admiration赞美,钦佩;association联合;innovation创新。故选B。
35.D 句意:如今,由于我们的努力,来自全国各地的旅客都能观赏到这片神奇的土地。regardless of不管;as for至于;in addition to除……之外;thanks to由于,多亏。故选D。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了古都洛阳。洛阳拥有悠久的历史和诸多名胜古迹。对游客来说,洛阳是一个值得一游的城市。
36.when 考查固定结构。句意:没有人想变老,但是当说到参观城市时,我们大多数人想参观世界上最古老的城市。when it comes to...为固定结构,意为“当提到……时”。故填when。
37.attractive 考查形容词。句意:洛阳是我想向你推荐的世界上最古老、最吸引人的城市之一。设空处在句中作定语修饰 cities,故用形容词 attractive。
38.as 考查介词。句意:洛阳作为亚洲最古老的持续有人居住的城市而出色。as在句中意为“作为”。 stand out as...作为……而出色。
39.the 考查冠词。句意:这座城市被认为是中国文化和历史的发祥地,也是中国四大古都之一。此处用定冠词,特指中国文化和历史的发源地。
40.is 考查时态及主谓一致。句意:在中国,没有其他哪个城市像洛阳这样经历过如此多的朝代。文中客观介绍了洛阳的相关事实,应用一般现在时。主句为There be句型,主句主语为no other city,所以be动词用第三人称单数形式。
41.dynasties 考查名词复数。句意同上。根据空前的many可知此处用dynasty的复数形式。
42.to offer 考查动词不定式。句意:有着如此悠久且令人激动的历史,洛阳真的有很多东西可以提供。have意为“有”时,它的宾语后面接不定式的主动形式,表示被动意义。
43.have been included 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:自2000年以来,龙门石窟就已经被列入世界遗产名录了,它和许多有历史意义的佛寺不断吸引着来自世界各地的游客。根据从句中的时间状语since 2000可知,设空处用现在完成时,且which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰的先行词是The Longmen Grottoes,是复数形式,与 include之间是被动关系,故填have been included。
44.constantly 考查副词。句意同上。设空处修饰动词 attract,故用副词constantly。
45.built 考查过去分词。句意:洛阳还因白马寺而闻名,这是中国最早建造的佛寺。the earliest Buddhist temple与 build在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mike,
I'm more than delighted to learn that you are visiting my city at the end of this month. So I am writing to recommend a wonderful place to you.
The most popular place here is the theme park. First opened in 2008, it frequently attracts the most visitors in and around the city. As you wander around the fantastic amusement park, you will be brought into a magic world. There are plenty of fantastic shows for you to watch as well. With all these attractions, I am sure it will leave a deep impression on you.
If you have any questions, don't hesitate to contact me. Looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. In no time did we find ourselves heading for it. We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building. We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone. As we approached, a sign came into sight, which read:Administration Office. However, it was not open for business. The empty hall made us nervous all at once. We stood there hopelessly, wondering what to do next.
Paragraph 2:
Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.” I could barely hold back my enthusiasm and blurted, “We're lost!” She comforted us and provided a room for us to take a break. Seeing we were cold and hungry, she treated us to hot chocolate. After studying the map, we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away. She offered us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly. I felt relieved to see our rental car again. What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience!
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
San Francisco Fire Engine Tours
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running:February 1st through April 30th
This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price)
Departing from the Cannery:Tour times upon request
Duration(时长):2 hours
Price:$90
Back to the Fifties Tour
Running:August 16th through August 31st
This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco's most fantastic periods, the 1950s!Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.
Departing from the Cannery:5:00 pm and 7:30 pm
Duration:2 hours
Price:$90
Spooky Halloween Tour
Running:October 10th through October 31st
Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装)is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.
Departing from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pm
Duration:1 hour and 30 minutes
Price:Available upon request
Holiday Lights Tour
Running:December 6th through December 23rd
This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.
Departing from the Cannery:7:00 pm and 9:00 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Advance reservations required.
1.Which of the tours is available in March
A.San Francisco Winery Tour.
B.Back to the Fifties Tour.
C.Spooky Halloween Tour.
D.Holiday Lights Tour.
2.What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour
A.Go to Treasure Island.
B.Enjoy the holiday scenes.
C.Have free ice cream.
D.Visit the Presidio district.
3.What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour
A.Take some drinks.
B.Set off early in the morning.
C.Wear warm clothes.
D.Make reservations in advance.
B
Runners in a relay race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It was used from about 200 B.C. to about 1300 A.D., when sea travel offered new routes. It was sometimes called the world's longest highway. However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of the hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe and sound.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China.
Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from Central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接)different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to worldwide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web. The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy, and religion.
4.What is required to be traders along the Silk Road
A.Remembering the entire trade route.
B.Dealing with a lot of difficulties.
C.Receiving certain special training.
D.Knowing the making of products.
5.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.Silk was the most prized product.
B.The Silk Road led to worldwide business.
C.People traded many goods along the route.
D.The Silk Road used to be the world's longest highway.
6.How could the new technology travel along the Silk Road
A.People traded goods along the route.
B.People shared each other's beliefs.
C.People learned from one another.
D.People made a living by traveling.
7.What is the best title for the passage
A.The Silk Road: the East Meets the West
B.The Silk Road: the Past and the Present
C.The Silk Road: Routes Full of Dangers
D.The Silk Road: Pathways for Learning
C
Tower Bridge is a bascule bridge(竖旋桥) in London, over the Thames. It is close to the Tower of London, which gives it its name. It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as London Bridge, which is the next bridge upstream. It is one of five London bridges now owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, increased commercial development in the East End of London led to a requirement for a new river crossing downstream of London Bridge. A Special Bridge or Subway Committee was formed in 1876 to find a solution to the river crossing problem. It opened the design of the crossing to public competition. Over 50 designs were received. The judgment of the designs was surrounded by argument, and it wasn't until 1884 that a design sent by Horace Jones was sanctioned.
The construction of the bridge started in 1886 and took about 8 years' hard work of 432 construction workers. Over 70,000 tons of concrete was sunk into the river bed to support the construction. Over 11,000 tons of steel provided the framework for the towers and walkways. Horace Jones died in 1887, and another engineer took over the project. The bridge was opened in 1894.
The bridge sits almost directly above the Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway (1870), which, until the bridge was opened, was the shortest way to cross the Thames. A computer system was installed(安装) in 2000 to control the raising and lowering of the bascule. However, this has proved less reliable than expected, resulting in the bridge being stuck in the open or closed position on a number of occasions.
8.What does Paragraph 1 say about Tower Bridge
A.It's named after a famous person.
B.It's another name for London Bridge.
C.It's not far from the Tower of London.
D.It's the only bridge over the Thames.
9.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sanctioned” in Paragraph 2
A.Tried.
B.Received.
C.Discovered.
D.Passed.
10.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A.The history of Tower Bridge.
B.The building of Tower Bridge.
C.The influence of Tower Bridge.
D.The importance of Tower Bridge.
11.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Many breakdowns have happened to Tower Bridge.
B.The computer system works better than expected.
C.The underground tube railway has a history of less than 20 years.
D.The Tower Subway is the shortest way to cross the Thames.
D
Named “America's Finest City” due to its hospitality, beauty and ideal climate, San Diego is located on the border with Mexico. The residents are so active outdoors that it is called “Sportstown, the U.S.A.”. San Diego's 70 miles of beaches are a heaven for swimmers, surfers, divers, boaters and sunbathers. Another favourite outside activity is golf. With 100 courses (about 50 of them public), San Diego is a golfer's paradise.
Many San Diego residents came here first as tourists who were attracted by San Diego's sunny beaches, nearby mountains and deserts, plus the cultural delights of any big city. The world-famous San Diego Zoo, Sea World, Wild Animal Park, museums, concerts and other attractions bring visitors from around the world.
The zoo is home to some 4,000 animals, including the world's largest collection of parrots. Animals are displayed in natural settings, and there is a petting zoo for children. By contrast, the Wild Animal Park is a wildlife preserve with an area of over 2,000 acres and more than 3,000 free-roaming(自由漫步) animals in natural habitats.
In addition to housing the zoo, Balboa Park is home to several museums and attractions, including an aerospace museum, an art and history museum, the Old Globe Theatre, science museums and even a railroad museum. Free concerts are offered frequently. Another popular attraction is the Sea World, a 150-acre marine park.
San Diego's varied attractions, as well as its business climate, offer many opportunities for students to explore the local culture, meet people from around the world, and gain business experience. At San Diego State University, for example, students in the American Language Institute's study tour program learn English both in the classroom and while sightseeing.
12.The residents of San Diego probably like to .
A.have sports outdoors
B.travel to other places
C.stay at home
D.stay outdoors all day
13.Many San Diego residents came to settle down in San Diego because .
A.it was more convenient to live there
B.they were attracted by its beauty and culture
C.they could make money from tourism there
D.it was a quiet place to enjoy themselves
14.Which of the following most attracts children
A.The parrots.
B.The art and history museum.
C.The petting zoo.
D.The Old Globe Theatre.
15.We can infer from the last paragraph that .
A.San Diego is a good place for students to gain practical experience
B.San Diego State University is most famous for language studies
C.San Diego is not a good place to do business
D.students at San Diego State University don't have to work hard
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every year, groups of tourists travel to central US states like Oklahoma, Texas and Nebraska for their summer vacation. 16 They're going to chase storms.
Once an activity only for scientists and adventurous types, storm chasing has now become an increasingly popular pastime for people from all over the world. 17 Storm chasers analyze weather reports and maps to locate an incoming storm before driving hundreds of miles toward it to witness a tornado in action.
The people going on these tours vary from curious first-time chasers looking for something different to storm chasing“addicts” like Nicholas Lee, a weather forecaster from the UK. 18 Now he saves up his vacation days to go storm chasing for three weeks every summer in the center of the US. It is the place well known for producing massive storms.
19 Since then the activity has continued to grow in popularity. Considering the potential dangers it possesses, it is obviously not for everybody. And yet, more and more people are coming out doing the storm-chasing tours.
The real dangers of storm chasing are not just being swept up by a tornado. When a large tornado is predicted for the day, a number of storm chasers will drive to that high-risk area, causing serious traffic jams, which makes it harder to access the perfect spot to witness a tornado. The escape routes will be too congested(拥挤的)as well. 20 Take the tornado that touched down near El Reno, Oklahoma in 2013, for example. More than 150 people were injured, and 20 killed in it, including Tim Samaras, an experienced storm chaser plus his son and another partner.
Despite the increasing interest in storm chasing, it is still a very non-mainstream hobby.
A.Sometimes it can be life-threatening.
B.He went on his first storm-chasing tour in 2015.
C.But these people are not looking for sunshine or sightseeing.
D.He cannot wait to see that happening at any time soon.
E.Storm chasing was first popularized by the 1996 film Twister.
F.It means going to “high risk areas” where severe weather occurs.
G.How did potentially deadly weather become a popular tourist attraction
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sitting back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts 21 was “impossible”. The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining. All this time, the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. The words “railways like massive dragons are 22 among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”.
I was one of the people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway. Taking years to complete, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to 23 the most difficult engineering challenges. How to protect the 24 ecosystem was among the top 25 .
The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost. Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass 26 their leisure. Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural 27 . Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem totally 28 that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa. We even moved 140,000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its 29 ecosystem.
The journey has been flying by, and 30 I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station. 31 at over 5,000 metres above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world. In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers. To make sure we stayed healthy, several oxygen-making stations were 32 . We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas.
As we pass Cuona Lake, I feel a sense of 33 and achievement. Using thousands and thousands of sandbags, we built a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste. Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface. Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's 34 for centuries. Now, 35 our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway, and did so with the care that the environment deserves. It truly is an extraordinary “Sky Railway”.
21.A.advertised B.claimed
C.probed D.dreaded
22.A.wandering B.winding
C.wondering D.whispering
23.A.defeat B.win C.beat D.overcome
24.A.splendid B.delicate
C.awesome D.vivid
25.A.concerns B.remarks
C.brands D.blessings
26.A.on B.at C.of D.for
27.A.habitat B.haunt C.distance D.trend
28.A.conscious B.delighted
C.tactile D.unaware
29.A.permanent B.mighty
C.distinct D.massive
30.A.before B.after
C.since D.as
31.A.Concluded B.Located
C.Generated D.Declined
32.A.sculpted B.suspected
C.constructed D.detected
33.A.pride B.perseverance
C.philosophy D.preference
34.A.qualification B.admiration
C.association D.innovation
35.A.regardless of B.as for
C.in addition to D.thanks to
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobody wants to be aged, but 36 it comes to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the world's oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most 37 (attract) cities in the world that I'd like to recommend to you.
Luoyang stands out 38 the oldest continually inhabited(有人居住的) city in Asia. The city is considered to be 39 birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China. There 40 (be) no other city in China that has seen so many 41 (dynasty) like Luoyang.
With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot
42 (offer). The Longmen Grottoes (龙门石窟),which 43 (include) in the World Heritage List since 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples
44 (constant) attract tourists from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple
45 (build) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的澳大利亚朋友Mike本月底要来你市旅游,想让你为他推荐一个值得一游的去处。请你给他回信,要点如下:
1.收信时的感想;
2.推荐并介绍一个值得一去的地方。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Deep in the forest, my husband and I had fun climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us. It was May, yet we walked up a snow-covered hill.
When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees, it did not dampen(减弱) our spirits. Not once did we say, “Let's turn around.” This was our vacation, and we were on an adventure. Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one-kilometer hike, yet we were already walking a long distance. Our lightheartedness(轻松自在) stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it. As my eyes scanned the surroundings, nothing looked familiar. My heart raced(急速跳动). I realized we were lost in a national park that did not officially open.
Usually, I am the calm one in the relationship, but my husband surprised me with his calmness. This did not comfort me; in fact, it heightened(增加) my fear. As we walked, I asked my husband to call for help, but there was no cellphone signal in this isolated area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road, and my heavy breathing. My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower. With each step on the road, my feet and thighs(大腿) hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My gaze sharpened. I noticed everything around me:the trees, rocks and snow. I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water. For the first time in my life, I was ready and willing to get a ride, but we did not meet a single car on the road. Silently, I prayed multiple times. We focused on each other, made joint decisions and connected through gratitude. We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance.
Paragraph 2:
Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.”
参考答案
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.A
8.C 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.C
15.A 16.C 17.F 18.B 19.E 20.A 21.B
22.B 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.D
29.C 30.A 31.B 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇广告类文章,介绍了旧金山四项各具特色的游玩活动。
1.A 细节理解题。根据短文中对这四项活动的运行时间的介绍可知,第一项活动的时间是 February 1st through April 30th,即从2月1号一直到4月30号,所以答案为A项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二部分的 “as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream”可知,参加这项游玩活动你可以品尝到免费的冰激凌,所以答案为C项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的最后一句话 “Advance reservations required.”可知,参加这项游玩活动需要预订,所以答案为D项。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古代丝绸之路的由来,具体介绍了古时人们通过丝绸之路进行的贸易往来以及丝绸之路在东西方贸易发展和文化传播上发挥的重要作用。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of the hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe and sound.可知,这些路线要穿越高山和沙漠,而且有烈日、厚积雪甚至战争带来的危险,只有经验丰富的商人才能安然无恙地返回。由此可知,丝绸之路上的商人需要应对很多困难。故选B。
5.C 主旨大意题。第三段叙述的内容是:丝绸之路得名于它最珍贵的产品,丝绸可以像货币一样用来纳税或购买商品,但是商人们所携带的不仅仅是丝绸,来自欧洲的金、银和玻璃频繁地在中东和亚洲被发现,从其他地区买来的马匹改变了中国的农耕方式。由此可知,第三段主要介绍商人通过丝绸之路买卖的各种商品。故选C。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Chinese had learned to graft different trees...They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple.可知,中国人已经学会了把不同的树嫁接在一起……他们把这门科学传给了其他人,包括罗马人。罗马人用嫁接技术种植苹果。再根据后文The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy, and religion.可知,丝绸之路为学习、外交和宗教提供了途径。由此可知,新技术是通过人们互相学习来沿着丝绸之路传播的。故选C。
7.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了古代的丝绸之路,全文围绕古丝绸之路促进了东西方货物的交换、技术和文化的交流,说明了丝绸之路为世界贸易发展和文化传播起到的重要作用,是东西方之间的桥梁。故A选项“丝绸之路:东西方交汇”最适合作为文章标题。故选 A。
C
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了英国著名的伦敦塔桥。
8.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的叙述可知,伦敦塔桥是伦敦泰晤士河上的一座桥。伦敦塔桥距离伦敦塔很近,因此得名。它有时被错误地称为“伦敦桥”,而伦敦桥是上游靠近伦敦塔桥的一座桥。故C项正确,同时可排除A、B、D三个选项。
9.D 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段最后两句可知,委员会总共收到了五十多个设计方案,对这些设计方案的考量持续了好几年,由第三段倒数第二句可知Horace Jones去世前在负责该项目,所以此处表示他提交的设计方案被批准。D选项意为“通过”,两者意思相近。故选D。
10.B 主旨大意题。通读文章第三段内容可知,本段主要介绍了建造伦敦塔桥的相关信息。
11.A 细节理解题。根据文章末段末句However, this has proved less reliable than expected, resulting in the bridge being stuck in the open or closed position on a number of occasions.可知,伦敦塔桥发生过很多次故障。故选A。
D
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,说明了圣迭戈被称为“美国最好的城市”的主要原因。
12.A 细节理解题。从文章第一段中的The residents are so active outdoors that it is called “Sportstown, the U.S.A.”.可知应选A。
13.B 细节理解题。从文章第二段第一句可知,圣迭戈的许多居民原先都是游客,他们被这里的美景和文化吸引,因此定居下来。
14.C 细节理解题。从文章第三段中的there is a petting zoo for children可知,圣迭戈动物园中有为儿童设立的爱畜动物园,应该是最吸引孩子们的。
15.A 推理判断题。文章最后一段说明,学生们在圣迭戈可以一边接触来自世界各地的人,一边获得商业经验,还提到了学生们既能在教室中学习英语,也能在观光时学习英语。所以,圣迭戈对学生们来说是一个可以获得实践经验的好地方。故选A。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了追逐风暴这一活动,现在它已经成为一种越来越流行的消遣方式。文章介绍了这一活动开始流行的时间以及参与活动者所面临的危险等。
16.C 考查过渡句。根据空后句They're going to chase storms.可知,他们进行的是追逐风暴的活动。C选项“但这些人并不是在寻找阳光或观光”在此处与上下文逻辑关系吻合,故选C。
17.F 考查细节句。根据空后句可知,风暴追踪者通过分析天气报告和地图来确定即将到来的风暴的位置,然后驱车数百英里去看龙卷风。由此可知,追逐风暴意味着要去会有恶劣天气的高风险地区。故F选项“这意味着要去‘高风险地区’,那里会有恶劣的天气状况”与下文衔接紧密,故选F。
18.B 考查细节句。根据空前句可知,追逐风暴的人各不相同,从好奇的第一次追求新鲜感的追逐者,到追逐风暴的“瘾君子”,如Nicholas Lee,来自英国的天气预报员。B选项“2015年,他开始了他的第一次追逐风暴之旅”恰好与空后句中的Now体现的他现在的情况对应。He指代上文的Nicholas Lee。
19.E 考查主旨句。根据空后句可知,从那时起,这项活动越来越受欢迎。E选项中的1996即空后的then。且E项中的was first popularized 与后文的has continued to grow in popularity照应。故选E。
20.A 考查过渡句。结合空后句可知,以2013年侵袭俄克拉何马州埃尔里诺附近的龙卷风为例,事故造成150多人受伤,20人死亡,其中包括经验丰富的风暴追逐者Tim Samaras,以及他的儿子和另一名搭档。由此可知,追逐风暴可能会有生命危险。故A选项“有时它可能会危及生命”符合下文对上文的例证关系,故选A。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者乘坐了自己参与建设的青藏铁路时的感受,并回顾了建设铁路时的种种困难和对生态环境的保护。
21.B 句意:安稳地坐在我的座位上,我简直不敢相信,我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能(建成)”的铁路旅行。advertise做广告;claim宣称;probe详细调查;dread极为担心。故选B。
22.B 句意:当我(坐火车)穿过“世界屋脊”时,“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词显得格外生动鲜活。wander徘徊;wind蜿蜒;wonder想知道;whisper低语。根据“railways like massive dragons”可知,此处指铁路像巨龙一样在群山之中蜿蜒。故选B。
23.D 句意:青藏铁路历时数年建成,是我们攻克最困难的工程难题的全部努力的记录。defeat打败;win赢得;beat敲打;overcome克服。根据“Taking years to complete”以及“the most difficult engineering challenges”可知,这里指克服难题,故选D。
24.B 句意:如何保护脆弱的生态系统是(我们)首要关注的问题之一。splendid极好的;delicate脆弱的;awesome令人敬畏的;vivid生动的。根据第四段可知,修建铁路的所经之地的生态系统很脆弱。故选B。
25.A 句意见上一题。concern重要的事;remark评论;brand品牌;blessing祝福。根据下文作者对保护环境的行为的叙述可知,因为生态系统很脆弱,所以保护脆弱的生态系统是首要关注的问题。故选A。
26.B 句意:看!一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过,有的停下来悠闲地吃草。at leisure悠闲地,这里指“藏羚羊在悠闲地吃草”。故选B。
27.A 句意:铁路(桥)下修建了三十三条通道,让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。habitat栖息地;haunt常到的地方;distance距离;trend趋向。根据上文可知建铁路时要保护生态环境,可知修建通道是为了使动物能在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。故选A。
28.D 句意:它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时一百多千米的速度呼啸而过。conscious有意的;delighted高兴的;tactile触觉的;unaware未觉察到的。根据“Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely”和“Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.”可知,野生动物并未受到影响,所以此处指它们未觉察到。故选D。
29.C 句意:我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域,以保护其不同的生态系统。permanent永久的;mighty强大的;distinct不同的;massive大量的。根据“wetlands and grasslands”可知,迁移湿地是为了保护其不同的生态系统。故选C。
30.A 句意:旅程飞逝而过,还没等我反应过来,我们就已经到达了唐古拉车站。before在……之前;after在……之后;since自从; as因为。故选A。
31.B 句意:它建于海拔五千多米的地方,是世界上海拔最高的火车站。 conclude结束;locate把……建造于;generate引起;decline下降。故选B。
32.C 句意:为了确保我们的身体健康,建造了一些制氧站。 sculpt雕刻;suspect怀疑;construct建造;detect发觉。故选C。
33.A 句意:我们(坐火车)经过错那湖时,我感到一种自豪感和成就感。pride自豪;perseverance毅力;philosophy哲学;preference偏爱。根据“and achievement”可知,作者由于青藏铁路这一伟大成就产生了自豪感。故选A。
34.B 句意:几个世纪以来,青藏高原一直引人赞叹。qualification资格;admiration赞美,钦佩;association联合;innovation创新。故选B。
35.D 句意:如今,由于我们的努力,来自全国各地的旅客都能观赏到这片神奇的土地。regardless of不管;as for至于;in addition to除……之外;thanks to由于,多亏。故选D。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了古都洛阳。洛阳拥有悠久的历史和诸多名胜古迹。对游客来说,洛阳是一个值得一游的城市。
36.when 考查固定结构。句意:没有人想变老,但是当说到参观城市时,我们大多数人想参观世界上最古老的城市。when it comes to...为固定结构,意为“当提到……时”。故填when。
37.attractive 考查形容词。句意:洛阳是我想向你推荐的世界上最古老、最吸引人的城市之一。设空处在句中作定语修饰 cities,故用形容词 attractive。
38.as 考查介词。句意:洛阳作为亚洲最古老的持续有人居住的城市而出色。as在句中意为“作为”。 stand out as...作为……而出色。
39.the 考查冠词。句意:这座城市被认为是中国文化和历史的发祥地,也是中国四大古都之一。此处用定冠词,特指中国文化和历史的发源地。
40.is 考查时态及主谓一致。句意:在中国,没有其他哪个城市像洛阳这样经历过如此多的朝代。文中客观介绍了洛阳的相关事实,应用一般现在时。主句为There be句型,主句主语为no other city,所以be动词用第三人称单数形式。
41.dynasties 考查名词复数。句意同上。根据空前的many可知此处用dynasty的复数形式。
42.to offer 考查动词不定式。句意:有着如此悠久且令人激动的历史,洛阳真的有很多东西可以提供。have意为“有”时,它的宾语后面接不定式的主动形式,表示被动意义。
43.have been included 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:自2000年以来,龙门石窟就已经被列入世界遗产名录了,它和许多有历史意义的佛寺不断吸引着来自世界各地的游客。根据从句中的时间状语since 2000可知,设空处用现在完成时,且which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰的先行词是The Longmen Grottoes,是复数形式,与 include之间是被动关系,故填have been included。
44.constantly 考查副词。句意同上。设空处修饰动词 attract,故用副词constantly。
45.built 考查过去分词。句意:洛阳还因白马寺而闻名,这是中国最早建造的佛寺。the earliest Buddhist temple与 build在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mike,
I'm more than delighted to learn that you are visiting my city at the end of this month. So I am writing to recommend a wonderful place to you.
The most popular place here is the theme park. First opened in 2008, it frequently attracts the most visitors in and around the city. As you wander around the fantastic amusement park, you will be brought into a magic world. There are plenty of fantastic shows for you to watch as well. With all these attractions, I am sure it will leave a deep impression on you.
If you have any questions, don't hesitate to contact me. Looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. In no time did we find ourselves heading for it. We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building. We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone. As we approached, a sign came into sight, which read:Administration Office. However, it was not open for business. The empty hall made us nervous all at once. We stood there hopelessly, wondering what to do next.
Paragraph 2:
Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.” I could barely hold back my enthusiasm and blurted, “We're lost!” She comforted us and provided a room for us to take a break. Seeing we were cold and hungry, she treated us to hot chocolate. After studying the map, we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away. She offered us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly. I felt relieved to see our rental car again. What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience!