人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 Launching Your Care 单元练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 Launching Your Care 单元练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-22 09:01:16 | ||
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UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Looking for work
Tutors Wanted:Math/Science/Humanities+Test preparation
Job Posted:2 days ago
Wage:$27—30 per hour
Job Type:Part-time
Schedule:Afternoons, evenings, weekdays, weekends
Job description:
We're looking for tutors to join us before the next school year starts.
Our suitable candidate will be able to assist middle and high school students with test preparation and academic work in math, science and/or humanities.
We'll pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring chances, including teaching group classes.
Once our fall semester starts on August 21, we'll have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. as well as from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. Monday—Thursday.
What we offer:
※Flexible schedule. Tutors work from 15 to 30 hours per week depending on availability and student demand.
※Free Sunday dinners during the academic year.
※Fun staff gatherings.
※Health insurance reimbursement(报销) for staff working over 30 hours per week.
※We are within 5 minutes' walking distance of the Menlo Park Caltrain Station.
Applicants must:
※Have a good command of the subjects they tutor.
※Be willing to tutor students through the full academic year.
Application instructions:
※Email us your résumé.
※Tell us why you want to join academic trainers and describe your experience of tutoring students if you have any.
※Let us know your schedule preferences and potential start date.
※Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor—math, science and/or humanities.
1.Which period of time needs the most tutors during the academic year
A.Saturday and Sunday mornings.
B.Friday afternoons and evenings.
C.Monday and Thursday mornings.
D.Sunday afternoons and evenings.
2.What can a tutor enjoy who works more than 30 hours per week
A.Comfortable accommodation.
B.Free job training every month.
C.Health insurance reimbursement.
D.Free meals during the academic year.
3.What qualifications should a suitable candidate have
A.He/She must tutor all the subjects part-time.
B.He/She must be good at the subjects he/she tutors.
C.He/She must have a previous tutoring experience.
D.He/She must work every evening through the academic year.
B
A couple of days ago I unexpectedly lost my job. It wasn't anything too important: I was just a carrier for the Scarborough Mirror, delivering newspapers every Wednesday and Friday. But it brought in a good amount of pocket money for a student like me.
During the first week of September I planned to stop my job, as I wanted to focus on my academics with school to start. I found a family on my street who were willing to take over, so I took their names and numbers and handed them in to my district representative along with my resignation.
That was last week. This Tuesday came and I was supposed to get the newspapers to deliver on Wednesday. They didn't come. I just assumed there probably wasn't much to deliver so they would just give me everything tomorrow. It'd happened before so I wasn't too worried. There was a seed of doubt, however, in my mind, that maybe the handover of this job was misunderstood. But I pushed that thought aside and just went on as usual.
Wednesday morning came and the papers weren't lying on my driveway as they'd done for the past 9 months. My mom reminded me to call my district representative, who told me the route had indeed been turned over to the other family. She couldn't have understood my message when I said I would work until September. So much for 2 more weeks of work!
In a way, I'm glad because I don't have to worry about delivering newspaper in the burning sun. On the other hand, I wasn't ready to give up my job so early, so the unexpected loss was a tiny blow to me.
Despite these negative feelings, I'm looking forward to the next summer when I'm getting promoted and my wage will rise from what I had with the job, which gave me good experience about hard work and chances to meet my neighbors.
4.Why did the author plan to quit the job
A.He could barely put up with its hardship.
B.He hoped to shift his attention to studies.
C.He had earned enough to afford schooling.
D.He desired to turn it over to a needy family.
5.What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.The family to replace me.
B.Messages of my dismissal.
C.The papers to be delivered.
D.The district representatives.
6.What do we know about the author
A.He got fired on account of his own fault.
B.He didn't have his potential appreciated.
C.He didn't submit his resignation as required.
D.He had intended to stop the job in late September.
7.In which aspect did the author benefit from the summer job
A.Learning to live with his personal imperfection.
B.Establishing a closer tie with his community.
C.Facilitating his organizational skills.
D.Breaking the habit of laziness.
C
A recent survey conducted by the Pew Research Centre shows that a mere 16% of Americans think that a four-year degree course prepares students very well for a high-paying job in the modern economy. But technology also seems to be complicating the picture.
A paper published by a trio(三人小组)of Canadian economists, Paul Beaudry, David Green and Benjamin Sand, questions optimistic assumptions about demand for non-routine work and shows that since 2000 the share of employment accounted for by high-skilled jobs in America has been falling. This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment. Skilled and unskilled workers are in trouble alike. Those with a better education are still more likely to find work, but there is now a fair chance that it will be unenjoyable. Those who never made it to college face being squeezed out of the workforce altogether. This is the argument of the techno-pessimists.
There is another, less pessimistic possibility. James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation(半自动化)can actually increase demand by reducing costs. But even though technology may not destroy jobs in all, it does force change upon many people.
In many occupations it has become essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations of skills—what its boss, Matt Sigelman, calls “hybrid jobs”. The composition of new jobs is also changing rapidly.
A college degree at the start of a working career does not answer the need for the continuous acquisition of new skills, especially as career spans(持续时间)are lengthening. Vocational(职业的) training is good at giving people job-specific skills, but those, too, will need to be updated over and over again during a career lasting decades. Vocational training has a role, but training someone early to do one thing all their lives is not the answer to lifelong learning.
Add all of this up, and it becomes clear that times have got tougher for workers of all kinds. A college degree is still a prerequisite(必备条件)for many jobs, but employers often do not trust it enough to hire workers just on the strength of that, without experience. In many occupations workers on company payrolls face the prospect that their existing skills will become outdated, yet it is often not obvious how they can gain new ones.
8.What can we learn from the paper conducted by the Canadian economists
A.Employment has been shaken by technology.
B.College degree is a necessity in career success.
C.Skilled workers are no longer required in most American industries.
D.Techno-pessimism paves the way for future technology development.
9.James Bessen believes that .
A.increased demand can bring about cost reduction
B.progressive automation is beneficial to companies
C.technology advancement has a positive impact on most people
D.the computer has always been an essential factor in employment
10.Burning Glass Technologies is mentioned as an example to show that .
A.online job advertisements require a precise data analysis
B.the acquisition of new skills is essential in the current job market
C.the composition of new jobs is shaped by technology
D.Matt Sigelman predicts a bright future of the job market
11.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Lifelong Learning: an Economic Priority
B.Technology Revolution: the Way to Success
C.College Degree: a Guarantee for Career Change
D.Vocational Training: a Blessing for Job Seekers
D
We spend a third of our adult lives working and another big part preparing for our careers. Historically, work was rarely seen as a source of meaning and purpose. During the vast majority of our 300,000-year human evolution(进化), work was in fact pretty simple. We worked to eat and avoid being eaten. Meaning and purpose came from somewhere else, like art, religion, or science.
The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningful—is a rather modern, if not postmodern, invention. Only one hundred years ago it would have been frequent to see a worker who returned from a typical workday at a factory complain to his folks that he didn't earn much or he was worn out and rare to see that he complained he didn't experience a sense of purpose.
Similarly, the idea that we ought to bring our “whole self” to work is a pretty novel and recent form of career advice. Its origins can be traced to William Kahn who invented the concept of employee engagement 30 years ago. His point is that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work role. Some see work as merely a job and clock in and out(打卡上下班) every day, without bringing their whole self to work. Work is just not a core aspect of their identity, and their concept of themselves is built on other social categories like mother, husband, American, Christian, captain of the local soccer team, etc.
Others, however, have very low psychological distance from their work role, seeing it as essentially intertwined(紧密相连) with who they are. They don't just come to work. They are fully devoted to their careers and have a spiritual type of connection with their jobs. They are, it seems, almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics(工作狂) most companies long for.
12.Why did we spend much of our adult lives working
A.To prepare for future careers.
B.To find the water sources.
C.To help us evolve.
D.To make us survive.
13.Why did the writer mention the worker a century ago
A.To help us find meaning at work.
B.To prove that the idea is modern.
C.To show us the bad old days.
D.To complain about the experience.
14.Which of the following might William Kahn agree with
A.Employees have different understandings of their work role.
B.Every employee must bring their whole self to work.
C.To be devoted to work is a pretty novel idea.
D.Workers' core identity is built on art categories.
15.What kind of employees do most companies favour
A.Those who see work as a job.
B.Those who identify with their work role.
C.Those who are fully devoted to their work.
D.Those who possess experience.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What I learned watching a dentist at work
I would like to be a dentist one day. 16 The patient, tender dentist comforted me, a 7-year-old girl at the time, and persuaded me to stop crying and accept my treatment.
17 Recently, our teacher gave us the homework of experiencing a kind of job on the weekend. I chose without hesitation to live a day as a dentist at my friend's older brother's workplace.
I got to Dr Tan's clinic at 7:45 a.m., 15 minutes before office hours began on Saturday. Dr Tan, who has been a dentist for five years, sat in his consulting room with a mask on his face and waited for his patients. I didn't really understand his diagnoses or treatments, but I could see that Dr Tan was a responsible doctor. He explained conditions and therapies (疗法) to patients at length to remove their doubts. He paused operations to let patients rest if the treatment was taking too much time. 18 Dr Tan worked for almost the whole morning without a break. He only made a phone call to his wife to remind her to have an antenatal (产前的) examination. Yes, he will be a father in five months, but he still cannot keep his wife company at the weekend. 19 They try to ease others' pain anytime and anywhere, despite the cost to their own time and life.
As the last patient said goodbye to Dr Tan in the afternoon, my visit came to an end. I now feel that I understand more about doctors.
20
A.My dream has finally come true.
B.They are the heroes I admire most.
C.Doctors are ordinary people, yet they are also angels.
D.It helps me to reduce stress, find friends and learn new skills.
E.I thought it was a dream that was almost impossible to fulfill.
F.That's all because of a dentist I came across during my childhood.
G.He also gave a doctor's advice to his patients carefully before they went out the door.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, I received a special present. My children 21 me a stainless steel coffee machine for my birthday. I love drinking coffee every morning and couldn't 22 to use it. But 23 I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled(洒出) all over the table. Thankfully, no one was around to see my 24 face! I kept trying, but each morning I
25 be seen wiping up the coffee. Then I realized if I poured very
26 , there could be no spilling. My normal 27 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. But eventually I learned not only to pour but to 28 the experience:the taste and the stillness of a new day.
It promoted me to 29 upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. So I started to appreciate even the most 30 moments. When shop owners apologized for keeping me waiting, I'd say, “Not a problem. I'm not 31 .” I even enjoyed sitting in front of my house talking with 32 and sharing our own stories, 33 we had known each other for a long time. It seemed that the world around us slowed to a 34 we could handle.
Stillness not only slows the pace of life, but also 35 the soul, helping us to enjoy the world's small pleasures and realize the truth of life.
21.A.lent B.offered
C.gifted D.asked
22.A.help B.wait
C.know D.complain
23.A.since B.before
C.as D.until
24.A.disappointed B.delighted
C.amused D.astonished
25.A.would B.should
C.must D.need
26.A.quickly B.casually
C.slowly D.patiently
27.A.promise B.practice
C.tradition D.standard
28.A.possess B.clarify
C.realize D.enjoy
29.A.reflect B.decide
C.react D.respond
30.A.difficult B.ordinary
C.special D.awkward
31.A.in advance B.in trouble
C.in a hurry D.in a mess
32.A.colleagues B.friends
C.relatives D.strangers
33.A.only if B.as if
C.if only D.if ever
34.A.pace B.stage
C.point D.occasion
35.A.explains B.inspects
C.blesses D.feeds
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you ask middle school students what they want to be when they grow up, they might want to be a doctor or scientist. But if you ask them 36 more information about these jobs, they might not know much.
A recent survey by Chinese Internet company Tencent 37 (suggest) that 60% of middle school students say they have little knowledge of their dream jobs. “In China, many middle school students only get professional information one-sidedly during their 38 (grow),” said the researcher Liu Meng. “This gives them wrong 39 (idea) about some jobs.”
Getting more hands-on experience will allow young people to start their career paths much 40 (early) and allow them to make sure that the career which 41 (choose) is the right one for them. Michelle Ding, 42 18-year-old girl from Shanghai, spent her summer vacation
43 (take) part in the University of Chicago's Pathways to Economics class. She learned 44 (extreme) useful knowledge about economics by studying game theory. “At first, I was only interested in economics because my father works in this field, but now I've developed true enthusiasm for economics 45 will make it my career choice in the future,” Ding said.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是中学生李华,得知北京2022年冬奥会组委会正在招募志愿者。请根据以下要点,用英文给组委会写一封申请信。内容包括:
1.写信的目的;
2.说明个人优势:精通英语,热爱运动,有志愿者经验;
3.希望申请成功。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madame,
I'm looking forward to your early response.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an art lesson. Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busily preparing the water jars and paints. She understood why Mrs. Weston asked her to sit down and got Lisa to fetch everything for her. It was always a disaster when Rachel tried to do art!
Rachel sighed and reached out to dip her brush in some black paint and—oh, no! She knocked over the jar. The water spread across the desk and drowned the paper. Lisa called Mrs. Weston to see what Rachel had done. Rachel went red in the face. She jumped to her feet to get a cloth. Her chair fell over backwards. She turned round and her paintbrush caught Lisa across the face, giving her a black moustache. Lisa was so surprised that she fell back against a book stand. It came crashing down and the books went all over the floor.
“How clumsy!” Rachel thought as she went home on the bus. The bus stopped outside her house. She jumped up and her elbow(肘部)knocked a woman's hat right over her eyes. Oh, no! Rachel said sorry, got off and ran indoors. Mum wasn't in the kitchen but lay in bed as if she caught an awful cold. Rachel offered to make a cup of tea but Mum would rather wait for Dad. Rachel sighed. She understood Mum was afraid she would spill it.
“But would you go to Mrs. Willow for some cold cure ” asked Mum. Rachel turned to the door at once. “But Rachel, Mrs. Willow's house is full of beautiful things, so if she asks you to come in, you'd better say no.” Rachel sighed and ran out.
Mrs. Willow was an old lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an old house. She opened the door and invited her in. Rachel said why she came and that she preferred to wait outside remembering her mother's warning. Mrs. Willow insisted Rachel come inside. Rachel took a deep breath and stepped in. She looked round Mrs. Willow's sitting room and saw at once why Mum had been worried.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile, Mrs. Willow comforted her, saying it had been broken before.
参考答案
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B
8.A 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.A
15.C 16.F 17.A 18.G 19.C 20.B 21.C
22.B 23.C 24.A 25.A 26.C 27.B 28.D
29.A 30.B 31.C 32.D 33.B 34.A 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。这是一则招聘家教的广告,文章对工作的性质、部分要求、工作条件、申请方式等进行了详细的描述。
1.D 细节理解题。根据题干定位在Job description这一部分下面的第四段,根据其中的we'll have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. as well as from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. Monday—Thursday可知最需要家教的时间是周日下午和晚上以及周一到周四的下午和晚上。故选D。
2.C 细节理解题。根据题干中的more than 30 hours per week,可定位到文章What we offer这一部分中,根据Health insurance...over 30 hours per week,可知每周工作超过 30 个小时的家庭教师可享受健康保险报销,故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据题干“合适的应聘者应具备什么资格 ”可以定位到文章Applicants must 这一部分,根据Have a good command of the subjects they tutor. 可知应聘者必须熟练掌握所教授的科目,故选B。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了继续学业,打算停下送报纸的工作,结果发生了一些意料之外的事情,让作者提前停下了工作,但作者还是得到了很好的锻炼,也有了认识邻居的机会。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During the first week of September I planned to stop my job, as I wanted to focus on my academics with school to start.”可知,作者打算辞职,因为随着开学的临近他希望把注意力转移到学习上。故选B。
5.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“This Tuesday came and I was supposed to get the newspapers to deliver on Wednesday.”以及后文“didn't come”可知,这个星期二作者本该收到星期三要送的报纸,但它们没被送来。结合上下文语境推知画线词指的是“要送的报纸”。故选C。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“During the first week of September I planned to stop my job(在9月的第一周,我打算停止我的工作)”和倒数第三段中的“She couldn't have understood my message when I said I would work until September. So much for 2 more weeks of work!(当我说我要工作到9月的时候,她没明白我的意思。再工作两周!)”可知,作者本打算再工作两周。由此推知,作者本来打算在九月下旬停止这项工作。故选D。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,之前的工作让作者有了努力工作的好经验,也有机会认识邻居,可推知,作者与他的社区建立了更紧密的联系,这是作者从打工中受益的。故选B。
C
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。研究表明,在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是人们找工作的先决条件,但是现有技术可能会过时,因此员工要不断获取新技能才能应对社会发展的需求,即在现代经济时代中,人们要实现终身学习。
8.A 细节理解题。根据题干关键词Canadian economists定位到文章第二段,由This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment.可知,加拿大经济学家的论文支持就业受到了科技的冲击这一观点。故选A。论文中探讨的是能否找到工作的问题,不是“职业成功”的问题,故排除B。
9.B 细节理解题。根据题干出现人物的James Bessen定位到文章第三段,由第二句和第三可知,句波士顿大学的经济学家James Bessen发现,自1980年以来,使用电脑的职业的就业增长速度比不使用电脑的职业要快,半自动化实际上可以通过降低成本来增加需求。由此可知,渐进式自动化对公司有益。故选B。
10.B 推理判断题。根据题干关键词Burning Glass Technologies定位到文章第四段,根据第四段内容可知,在许多职业中,由于现有技能已经过时,获得新技能已成为必要。Burning Glass Technologies通过获取网上招聘广告的数据来分析劳动力市场,发现市场对新技能组合的需求最大——该公司老板Matt Sigelman称之为“混合工作”。故以Burning Glass Technologies为例说明了在目前的就业市场上,获得新技能是必不可少的。故选B。
11.A 主旨大意题。在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是找工作的先决条件,但是现有技术可能会过时,员工要不断获取新技能。由此可知,在现代经济时代首先要关注的是终身学习。A项“终身学习:经济上的优先”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
D
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们有三分之一的时间在工作,还有很大一部分时间在为职业做准备。把“自己的全身心”投入工作是一种非常新颖的职业建议。文章还说明了不同的人对工作的看法不同。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的倒数第二句We worked to eat and avoid being eaten.可知,我们工作是为了吃饭,以及避免被吃掉。由此可知,我们成年后大部分时间都在工作是为了生存。故选D。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningful—is a rather modern, if not postmodern, invention.可知,我们理应在工作中找到意义或发现工作很重要,这种想法即使不是后现代的,也是相当近代的发明。接着后文作者提到了这个一个世纪前的工人,由此可推知,作者提到这个一个世纪前的工人,是为了证明这个想法是近代的。故选B。
14.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句His point is that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work role.可知,William kahn的观点是,员工对自己工作角色的认同程度不同。由此可知,A项“员工对自己的工作角色有不同的理解”符合William Kahn的观点。故选A。
15.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的最后一句They are, it seems, almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics(工作狂) most companies long for.可知,他们好像几乎被工作占据了,是大多数公司渴望的工作狂类型。由此可知,大多数公司喜欢全身心投入工作的员工。故选C。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者7岁时遇到的牙医给作者留下了良好的印象,这使作者去体验了一天牙医的生活。
16.F 空前一句提到作者想要成为一名牙医,后一句提到自己7岁时看某位牙医的经历,因此空处引出这位牙医的身份以及他对自己的影响,F项(那都是因为我童年时遇到的一位牙医)承上启下,故选F。
17.A 根据第一段中的I would like to be a dentist one day.(我想要成为一名牙医)和本段最后一句中的I chose without hesitation to live a day as a dentist(我毫不犹豫地选择去过一天牙医的生活)可知,作者长久以来的梦想实现了,本句引起下文对具体事件的叙述。故选A。
18.G 空前两句He explained conditions...much time.及空后下文围绕Dr Tan这位牙医的工作内容和态度的叙述,G项(他还在病人出门前仔细地给他们提供了建议)和上下文保持话题一致。故选G。
19.C 根据空后一句中的主语They可推知上文应该提到医生是一群什么样的人,因此,为明确代词they的指代,C项(医生是普通人,但他们也是天使)符合语境。故选C。
20.B 上文作者通过自己的亲身体验进一步了解了牙医这个职业,所以作为末尾句,空处用一句总结性的话进行概括:他们是我最崇拜的英雄。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的孩子给作者送了一台咖啡机,做咖啡的经历使作者领悟到要减慢生活的节奏,这样可以滋养我们的灵魂,帮助我们享受这个世界的小乐趣,认识到生活的真谛。
21.C 根据上文Last year, I received a special present.可知,咖啡机是孩子们送的礼物。此处gift为动词,意为“赠送”。lend借出;offer提供;ask询问。
22.B 作者喜欢每天早上喝咖啡,因此是迫不及待地用它。can't wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”。故选B。
23.C 根据语境可知,当作者第一次倒咖啡时,咖啡洒了一桌子,此处用as引导时间状语从句。
24.A 根据上文the coffee spilled(洒出) all over the table可知, 咖啡洒在桌子上,作者应该是失望的(disappointed)。delighted高兴的; amused逗乐的; astonished惊讶的。
25.A 结合上下文可知,作者一直努力,但每天早上还是会擦洒在桌子上的咖啡。此处用情态动词would表示过去经常发生的事情。
26.C 根据下文My normal 27 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. 可知,作者在早上总是很匆忙,咖啡倒得太快就会洒出来,因此此处是慢慢(slowly)倒。quickly迅速地;casually漫不经心地;patiently有耐心地。
27.B 作者做事很着急,通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐,开始新的一天。practice意为“惯例,做法”。promise承诺;tradition传统;standard标准。
28.D 但最终作者不仅学会了倒咖啡,还学会了享受(enjoy)这种体验:味道和新的一天的安静。possess拥有;clarify澄清;realize意识到。
29.A 这促使作者认真思考自己是否在生活的其他方面也匆忙行事。reflect upon意为“思考,深思”。decide决定;react对……做出反应;respond回复,反应。react和respond常常和介词to连用。
30.B 所以作者开始去欣赏即使是生活中那些最平凡的时刻。ordinary意为“普通的,平凡的”。difficult困难的;special专门的;awkward笨拙的,令人尴尬的。
31.C 根据上文语境可知,作者学会了让自己慢下来,此处是举例。当店主因让“我”久等而道歉时,“我”会说:“没事,我不着急(in a hurry)。”in advance提前,事先;in trouble处于困境;in a mess 一团糟。
32.D 根据下文we had known each other for a long time可知,作者甚至喜欢坐在房子前面和陌生人(stranger)聊天,分享他们自己的故事,就好像他们已经认识了很长时间。colleague同事;friend朋友;relative亲戚。
33.B 作者和陌生人交谈,就像是认识了很久一样,此处用了针对过去的虚拟语气had known(过去完成时),故用as if最符合语境。
34.A 根据下文Stillness not only slows the pace of life可知,作者放慢节奏去生活,周围的世界也跟着放慢了节奏,故选pace。stage舞台,时期;point观点,意义,核心;occasion场合。
35.D 宁静不仅减慢了生活的节奏,也滋养了(feed)我们的灵魂,帮助我们享受世界上的小乐趣,领会生命的真谛。explain解释;inspect视察;bless保佑,祝福。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。腾讯公司的一项调查表明,60%的中学生表示他们对梦想的工作几乎一无所知。他们在成长过程中很少获得职业选择的正确信息。来自上海的18岁女孩Michelle Ding暑假参加了芝加哥大学的“经济学之路”课程,使她对经济学有了更多的了解。
36.for 考查固定搭配。句意:但是,如果你向他们询问有关这些工作的更多信息,他们可能了解的并不多。ask sb. for sth.意为“问某人询问某事”。故填for。
37.suggests/has suggested 考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:中国的互联网公司腾讯最近的一项调查表明,60%的中学生表示他们对梦想的工作知之甚少。该句表明一个客观事实,可以使用一般现在时,主语为A recent study,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式;根据该句中的recent可知,此处可以使用现在完成时。故填suggests或has suggested。
38.growth 考查名词。句意:……许多中学生在他们成长期间只能片面地获取职业方面的信息。during是介词,后接名词作宾语;their是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词。故填growth。
39.ideas 考查名词复数。句意:这使他们对某些工作产生了错误的想法。idea意为“看法,想法”时是可数名词,应用复数形式。故填ideas。
40.earlier 考查副词的比较级。句意:获得更多的实际经验将使年轻人更早地开始职业道路,让他们确保所选职业是适合他们的。设空处修饰start,由本句中的more和空前的much可知应使用比较级。故填earlier。
41.is chosen 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意见上一题。分析句子结构可知,which引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语,先行词为the career,the career与choose是被动关系,根据空后的is和句意可知此处应用一般现在时。故填is chosen。
42.an 考查冠词。句意:Michelle Ding,一个来自上海的18岁女孩,利用暑假参加了芝加哥大学的“经济学之路”课程。此处表泛指,应使用不定冠词,18在英语中发音的第一个音素为元音。故填an。
43.taking 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。此处为spend some time (in) doing sth.,意为“花费时间做某事”。故填taking。
44.extremely 考查副词。句意:通过学习博弈论,她学习了极为有用的经济学知识。此处应用副词修饰形容词useful。故填extremely。
45.and 考查并列连词。句意:Ding说:“起初,我对经济学感兴趣只是因为我父亲在这个领域工作,但现在我已经对经济学产生了真正的热情,我会把它作为我将来的职业选择。”设空处连接but后的两个简单句,在语意上是并列的关系。故填and。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Sir/Madame,
I'm Li Hua, a high school student from Beijing. Interested in the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer in the games.
I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the voluntary job. Above all, I'm a fluent English speaker so that I have no difficulty communicating with visitors. Besides, keen on sports, I'm quite familiar with different events and the locations of the venues as a local. Equally importantly, I previously served as a volunteer several times, which is also an advantage over other candidates. I do believe I can do the job well if I'm granted a chance.
I'm looking forward to your early response.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases. All the treasures seemed to boast a long history and thus priceless. “Wow, it is really a land of wonder.” Rachel couldn't help admiring the elegance of the china figures and vases. Mum's words echoing in her mind, curiosity still got the upper hand. She reached for one of them, but unfortunately, the vase slipped off her hand and lay in pieces on the floor. Her heart missing a beat, she felt terribly worried.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile, Mrs. Willow comforted her, saying it had been broken before. Seeing Mrs. Willow's sharp blue eyes filled with warmth and affection, Rachel felt extremely regretful for her clumsy behavior. “If I had been more careful, the disaster wouldn't have happened.” Rachel knew what Mrs. Willow said might be an excuse to relieve her uneasiness and embarrassment. She decided that from the day on she would never be so careless and swore to be a kind and thoughtful person like Mrs. Willow.
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Looking for work
Tutors Wanted:Math/Science/Humanities+Test preparation
Job Posted:2 days ago
Wage:$27—30 per hour
Job Type:Part-time
Schedule:Afternoons, evenings, weekdays, weekends
Job description:
We're looking for tutors to join us before the next school year starts.
Our suitable candidate will be able to assist middle and high school students with test preparation and academic work in math, science and/or humanities.
We'll pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring chances, including teaching group classes.
Once our fall semester starts on August 21, we'll have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. as well as from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. Monday—Thursday.
What we offer:
※Flexible schedule. Tutors work from 15 to 30 hours per week depending on availability and student demand.
※Free Sunday dinners during the academic year.
※Fun staff gatherings.
※Health insurance reimbursement(报销) for staff working over 30 hours per week.
※We are within 5 minutes' walking distance of the Menlo Park Caltrain Station.
Applicants must:
※Have a good command of the subjects they tutor.
※Be willing to tutor students through the full academic year.
Application instructions:
※Email us your résumé.
※Tell us why you want to join academic trainers and describe your experience of tutoring students if you have any.
※Let us know your schedule preferences and potential start date.
※Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor—math, science and/or humanities.
1.Which period of time needs the most tutors during the academic year
A.Saturday and Sunday mornings.
B.Friday afternoons and evenings.
C.Monday and Thursday mornings.
D.Sunday afternoons and evenings.
2.What can a tutor enjoy who works more than 30 hours per week
A.Comfortable accommodation.
B.Free job training every month.
C.Health insurance reimbursement.
D.Free meals during the academic year.
3.What qualifications should a suitable candidate have
A.He/She must tutor all the subjects part-time.
B.He/She must be good at the subjects he/she tutors.
C.He/She must have a previous tutoring experience.
D.He/She must work every evening through the academic year.
B
A couple of days ago I unexpectedly lost my job. It wasn't anything too important: I was just a carrier for the Scarborough Mirror, delivering newspapers every Wednesday and Friday. But it brought in a good amount of pocket money for a student like me.
During the first week of September I planned to stop my job, as I wanted to focus on my academics with school to start. I found a family on my street who were willing to take over, so I took their names and numbers and handed them in to my district representative along with my resignation.
That was last week. This Tuesday came and I was supposed to get the newspapers to deliver on Wednesday. They didn't come. I just assumed there probably wasn't much to deliver so they would just give me everything tomorrow. It'd happened before so I wasn't too worried. There was a seed of doubt, however, in my mind, that maybe the handover of this job was misunderstood. But I pushed that thought aside and just went on as usual.
Wednesday morning came and the papers weren't lying on my driveway as they'd done for the past 9 months. My mom reminded me to call my district representative, who told me the route had indeed been turned over to the other family. She couldn't have understood my message when I said I would work until September. So much for 2 more weeks of work!
In a way, I'm glad because I don't have to worry about delivering newspaper in the burning sun. On the other hand, I wasn't ready to give up my job so early, so the unexpected loss was a tiny blow to me.
Despite these negative feelings, I'm looking forward to the next summer when I'm getting promoted and my wage will rise from what I had with the job, which gave me good experience about hard work and chances to meet my neighbors.
4.Why did the author plan to quit the job
A.He could barely put up with its hardship.
B.He hoped to shift his attention to studies.
C.He had earned enough to afford schooling.
D.He desired to turn it over to a needy family.
5.What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.The family to replace me.
B.Messages of my dismissal.
C.The papers to be delivered.
D.The district representatives.
6.What do we know about the author
A.He got fired on account of his own fault.
B.He didn't have his potential appreciated.
C.He didn't submit his resignation as required.
D.He had intended to stop the job in late September.
7.In which aspect did the author benefit from the summer job
A.Learning to live with his personal imperfection.
B.Establishing a closer tie with his community.
C.Facilitating his organizational skills.
D.Breaking the habit of laziness.
C
A recent survey conducted by the Pew Research Centre shows that a mere 16% of Americans think that a four-year degree course prepares students very well for a high-paying job in the modern economy. But technology also seems to be complicating the picture.
A paper published by a trio(三人小组)of Canadian economists, Paul Beaudry, David Green and Benjamin Sand, questions optimistic assumptions about demand for non-routine work and shows that since 2000 the share of employment accounted for by high-skilled jobs in America has been falling. This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment. Skilled and unskilled workers are in trouble alike. Those with a better education are still more likely to find work, but there is now a fair chance that it will be unenjoyable. Those who never made it to college face being squeezed out of the workforce altogether. This is the argument of the techno-pessimists.
There is another, less pessimistic possibility. James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation(半自动化)can actually increase demand by reducing costs. But even though technology may not destroy jobs in all, it does force change upon many people.
In many occupations it has become essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations of skills—what its boss, Matt Sigelman, calls “hybrid jobs”. The composition of new jobs is also changing rapidly.
A college degree at the start of a working career does not answer the need for the continuous acquisition of new skills, especially as career spans(持续时间)are lengthening. Vocational(职业的) training is good at giving people job-specific skills, but those, too, will need to be updated over and over again during a career lasting decades. Vocational training has a role, but training someone early to do one thing all their lives is not the answer to lifelong learning.
Add all of this up, and it becomes clear that times have got tougher for workers of all kinds. A college degree is still a prerequisite(必备条件)for many jobs, but employers often do not trust it enough to hire workers just on the strength of that, without experience. In many occupations workers on company payrolls face the prospect that their existing skills will become outdated, yet it is often not obvious how they can gain new ones.
8.What can we learn from the paper conducted by the Canadian economists
A.Employment has been shaken by technology.
B.College degree is a necessity in career success.
C.Skilled workers are no longer required in most American industries.
D.Techno-pessimism paves the way for future technology development.
9.James Bessen believes that .
A.increased demand can bring about cost reduction
B.progressive automation is beneficial to companies
C.technology advancement has a positive impact on most people
D.the computer has always been an essential factor in employment
10.Burning Glass Technologies is mentioned as an example to show that .
A.online job advertisements require a precise data analysis
B.the acquisition of new skills is essential in the current job market
C.the composition of new jobs is shaped by technology
D.Matt Sigelman predicts a bright future of the job market
11.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Lifelong Learning: an Economic Priority
B.Technology Revolution: the Way to Success
C.College Degree: a Guarantee for Career Change
D.Vocational Training: a Blessing for Job Seekers
D
We spend a third of our adult lives working and another big part preparing for our careers. Historically, work was rarely seen as a source of meaning and purpose. During the vast majority of our 300,000-year human evolution(进化), work was in fact pretty simple. We worked to eat and avoid being eaten. Meaning and purpose came from somewhere else, like art, religion, or science.
The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningful—is a rather modern, if not postmodern, invention. Only one hundred years ago it would have been frequent to see a worker who returned from a typical workday at a factory complain to his folks that he didn't earn much or he was worn out and rare to see that he complained he didn't experience a sense of purpose.
Similarly, the idea that we ought to bring our “whole self” to work is a pretty novel and recent form of career advice. Its origins can be traced to William Kahn who invented the concept of employee engagement 30 years ago. His point is that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work role. Some see work as merely a job and clock in and out(打卡上下班) every day, without bringing their whole self to work. Work is just not a core aspect of their identity, and their concept of themselves is built on other social categories like mother, husband, American, Christian, captain of the local soccer team, etc.
Others, however, have very low psychological distance from their work role, seeing it as essentially intertwined(紧密相连) with who they are. They don't just come to work. They are fully devoted to their careers and have a spiritual type of connection with their jobs. They are, it seems, almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics(工作狂) most companies long for.
12.Why did we spend much of our adult lives working
A.To prepare for future careers.
B.To find the water sources.
C.To help us evolve.
D.To make us survive.
13.Why did the writer mention the worker a century ago
A.To help us find meaning at work.
B.To prove that the idea is modern.
C.To show us the bad old days.
D.To complain about the experience.
14.Which of the following might William Kahn agree with
A.Employees have different understandings of their work role.
B.Every employee must bring their whole self to work.
C.To be devoted to work is a pretty novel idea.
D.Workers' core identity is built on art categories.
15.What kind of employees do most companies favour
A.Those who see work as a job.
B.Those who identify with their work role.
C.Those who are fully devoted to their work.
D.Those who possess experience.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What I learned watching a dentist at work
I would like to be a dentist one day. 16 The patient, tender dentist comforted me, a 7-year-old girl at the time, and persuaded me to stop crying and accept my treatment.
17 Recently, our teacher gave us the homework of experiencing a kind of job on the weekend. I chose without hesitation to live a day as a dentist at my friend's older brother's workplace.
I got to Dr Tan's clinic at 7:45 a.m., 15 minutes before office hours began on Saturday. Dr Tan, who has been a dentist for five years, sat in his consulting room with a mask on his face and waited for his patients. I didn't really understand his diagnoses or treatments, but I could see that Dr Tan was a responsible doctor. He explained conditions and therapies (疗法) to patients at length to remove their doubts. He paused operations to let patients rest if the treatment was taking too much time. 18 Dr Tan worked for almost the whole morning without a break. He only made a phone call to his wife to remind her to have an antenatal (产前的) examination. Yes, he will be a father in five months, but he still cannot keep his wife company at the weekend. 19 They try to ease others' pain anytime and anywhere, despite the cost to their own time and life.
As the last patient said goodbye to Dr Tan in the afternoon, my visit came to an end. I now feel that I understand more about doctors.
20
A.My dream has finally come true.
B.They are the heroes I admire most.
C.Doctors are ordinary people, yet they are also angels.
D.It helps me to reduce stress, find friends and learn new skills.
E.I thought it was a dream that was almost impossible to fulfill.
F.That's all because of a dentist I came across during my childhood.
G.He also gave a doctor's advice to his patients carefully before they went out the door.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, I received a special present. My children 21 me a stainless steel coffee machine for my birthday. I love drinking coffee every morning and couldn't 22 to use it. But 23 I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled(洒出) all over the table. Thankfully, no one was around to see my 24 face! I kept trying, but each morning I
25 be seen wiping up the coffee. Then I realized if I poured very
26 , there could be no spilling. My normal 27 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. But eventually I learned not only to pour but to 28 the experience:the taste and the stillness of a new day.
It promoted me to 29 upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. So I started to appreciate even the most 30 moments. When shop owners apologized for keeping me waiting, I'd say, “Not a problem. I'm not 31 .” I even enjoyed sitting in front of my house talking with 32 and sharing our own stories, 33 we had known each other for a long time. It seemed that the world around us slowed to a 34 we could handle.
Stillness not only slows the pace of life, but also 35 the soul, helping us to enjoy the world's small pleasures and realize the truth of life.
21.A.lent B.offered
C.gifted D.asked
22.A.help B.wait
C.know D.complain
23.A.since B.before
C.as D.until
24.A.disappointed B.delighted
C.amused D.astonished
25.A.would B.should
C.must D.need
26.A.quickly B.casually
C.slowly D.patiently
27.A.promise B.practice
C.tradition D.standard
28.A.possess B.clarify
C.realize D.enjoy
29.A.reflect B.decide
C.react D.respond
30.A.difficult B.ordinary
C.special D.awkward
31.A.in advance B.in trouble
C.in a hurry D.in a mess
32.A.colleagues B.friends
C.relatives D.strangers
33.A.only if B.as if
C.if only D.if ever
34.A.pace B.stage
C.point D.occasion
35.A.explains B.inspects
C.blesses D.feeds
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you ask middle school students what they want to be when they grow up, they might want to be a doctor or scientist. But if you ask them 36 more information about these jobs, they might not know much.
A recent survey by Chinese Internet company Tencent 37 (suggest) that 60% of middle school students say they have little knowledge of their dream jobs. “In China, many middle school students only get professional information one-sidedly during their 38 (grow),” said the researcher Liu Meng. “This gives them wrong 39 (idea) about some jobs.”
Getting more hands-on experience will allow young people to start their career paths much 40 (early) and allow them to make sure that the career which 41 (choose) is the right one for them. Michelle Ding, 42 18-year-old girl from Shanghai, spent her summer vacation
43 (take) part in the University of Chicago's Pathways to Economics class. She learned 44 (extreme) useful knowledge about economics by studying game theory. “At first, I was only interested in economics because my father works in this field, but now I've developed true enthusiasm for economics 45 will make it my career choice in the future,” Ding said.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是中学生李华,得知北京2022年冬奥会组委会正在招募志愿者。请根据以下要点,用英文给组委会写一封申请信。内容包括:
1.写信的目的;
2.说明个人优势:精通英语,热爱运动,有志愿者经验;
3.希望申请成功。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madame,
I'm looking forward to your early response.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an art lesson. Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busily preparing the water jars and paints. She understood why Mrs. Weston asked her to sit down and got Lisa to fetch everything for her. It was always a disaster when Rachel tried to do art!
Rachel sighed and reached out to dip her brush in some black paint and—oh, no! She knocked over the jar. The water spread across the desk and drowned the paper. Lisa called Mrs. Weston to see what Rachel had done. Rachel went red in the face. She jumped to her feet to get a cloth. Her chair fell over backwards. She turned round and her paintbrush caught Lisa across the face, giving her a black moustache. Lisa was so surprised that she fell back against a book stand. It came crashing down and the books went all over the floor.
“How clumsy!” Rachel thought as she went home on the bus. The bus stopped outside her house. She jumped up and her elbow(肘部)knocked a woman's hat right over her eyes. Oh, no! Rachel said sorry, got off and ran indoors. Mum wasn't in the kitchen but lay in bed as if she caught an awful cold. Rachel offered to make a cup of tea but Mum would rather wait for Dad. Rachel sighed. She understood Mum was afraid she would spill it.
“But would you go to Mrs. Willow for some cold cure ” asked Mum. Rachel turned to the door at once. “But Rachel, Mrs. Willow's house is full of beautiful things, so if she asks you to come in, you'd better say no.” Rachel sighed and ran out.
Mrs. Willow was an old lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an old house. She opened the door and invited her in. Rachel said why she came and that she preferred to wait outside remembering her mother's warning. Mrs. Willow insisted Rachel come inside. Rachel took a deep breath and stepped in. She looked round Mrs. Willow's sitting room and saw at once why Mum had been worried.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile, Mrs. Willow comforted her, saying it had been broken before.
参考答案
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B
8.A 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.A
15.C 16.F 17.A 18.G 19.C 20.B 21.C
22.B 23.C 24.A 25.A 26.C 27.B 28.D
29.A 30.B 31.C 32.D 33.B 34.A 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。这是一则招聘家教的广告,文章对工作的性质、部分要求、工作条件、申请方式等进行了详细的描述。
1.D 细节理解题。根据题干定位在Job description这一部分下面的第四段,根据其中的we'll have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. as well as from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. Monday—Thursday可知最需要家教的时间是周日下午和晚上以及周一到周四的下午和晚上。故选D。
2.C 细节理解题。根据题干中的more than 30 hours per week,可定位到文章What we offer这一部分中,根据Health insurance...over 30 hours per week,可知每周工作超过 30 个小时的家庭教师可享受健康保险报销,故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据题干“合适的应聘者应具备什么资格 ”可以定位到文章Applicants must 这一部分,根据Have a good command of the subjects they tutor. 可知应聘者必须熟练掌握所教授的科目,故选B。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了继续学业,打算停下送报纸的工作,结果发生了一些意料之外的事情,让作者提前停下了工作,但作者还是得到了很好的锻炼,也有了认识邻居的机会。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During the first week of September I planned to stop my job, as I wanted to focus on my academics with school to start.”可知,作者打算辞职,因为随着开学的临近他希望把注意力转移到学习上。故选B。
5.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“This Tuesday came and I was supposed to get the newspapers to deliver on Wednesday.”以及后文“didn't come”可知,这个星期二作者本该收到星期三要送的报纸,但它们没被送来。结合上下文语境推知画线词指的是“要送的报纸”。故选C。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“During the first week of September I planned to stop my job(在9月的第一周,我打算停止我的工作)”和倒数第三段中的“She couldn't have understood my message when I said I would work until September. So much for 2 more weeks of work!(当我说我要工作到9月的时候,她没明白我的意思。再工作两周!)”可知,作者本打算再工作两周。由此推知,作者本来打算在九月下旬停止这项工作。故选D。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,之前的工作让作者有了努力工作的好经验,也有机会认识邻居,可推知,作者与他的社区建立了更紧密的联系,这是作者从打工中受益的。故选B。
C
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。研究表明,在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是人们找工作的先决条件,但是现有技术可能会过时,因此员工要不断获取新技能才能应对社会发展的需求,即在现代经济时代中,人们要实现终身学习。
8.A 细节理解题。根据题干关键词Canadian economists定位到文章第二段,由This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment.可知,加拿大经济学家的论文支持就业受到了科技的冲击这一观点。故选A。论文中探讨的是能否找到工作的问题,不是“职业成功”的问题,故排除B。
9.B 细节理解题。根据题干出现人物的James Bessen定位到文章第三段,由第二句和第三可知,句波士顿大学的经济学家James Bessen发现,自1980年以来,使用电脑的职业的就业增长速度比不使用电脑的职业要快,半自动化实际上可以通过降低成本来增加需求。由此可知,渐进式自动化对公司有益。故选B。
10.B 推理判断题。根据题干关键词Burning Glass Technologies定位到文章第四段,根据第四段内容可知,在许多职业中,由于现有技能已经过时,获得新技能已成为必要。Burning Glass Technologies通过获取网上招聘广告的数据来分析劳动力市场,发现市场对新技能组合的需求最大——该公司老板Matt Sigelman称之为“混合工作”。故以Burning Glass Technologies为例说明了在目前的就业市场上,获得新技能是必不可少的。故选B。
11.A 主旨大意题。在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是找工作的先决条件,但是现有技术可能会过时,员工要不断获取新技能。由此可知,在现代经济时代首先要关注的是终身学习。A项“终身学习:经济上的优先”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
D
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们有三分之一的时间在工作,还有很大一部分时间在为职业做准备。把“自己的全身心”投入工作是一种非常新颖的职业建议。文章还说明了不同的人对工作的看法不同。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的倒数第二句We worked to eat and avoid being eaten.可知,我们工作是为了吃饭,以及避免被吃掉。由此可知,我们成年后大部分时间都在工作是为了生存。故选D。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningful—is a rather modern, if not postmodern, invention.可知,我们理应在工作中找到意义或发现工作很重要,这种想法即使不是后现代的,也是相当近代的发明。接着后文作者提到了这个一个世纪前的工人,由此可推知,作者提到这个一个世纪前的工人,是为了证明这个想法是近代的。故选B。
14.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句His point is that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work role.可知,William kahn的观点是,员工对自己工作角色的认同程度不同。由此可知,A项“员工对自己的工作角色有不同的理解”符合William Kahn的观点。故选A。
15.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的最后一句They are, it seems, almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics(工作狂) most companies long for.可知,他们好像几乎被工作占据了,是大多数公司渴望的工作狂类型。由此可知,大多数公司喜欢全身心投入工作的员工。故选C。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者7岁时遇到的牙医给作者留下了良好的印象,这使作者去体验了一天牙医的生活。
16.F 空前一句提到作者想要成为一名牙医,后一句提到自己7岁时看某位牙医的经历,因此空处引出这位牙医的身份以及他对自己的影响,F项(那都是因为我童年时遇到的一位牙医)承上启下,故选F。
17.A 根据第一段中的I would like to be a dentist one day.(我想要成为一名牙医)和本段最后一句中的I chose without hesitation to live a day as a dentist(我毫不犹豫地选择去过一天牙医的生活)可知,作者长久以来的梦想实现了,本句引起下文对具体事件的叙述。故选A。
18.G 空前两句He explained conditions...much time.及空后下文围绕Dr Tan这位牙医的工作内容和态度的叙述,G项(他还在病人出门前仔细地给他们提供了建议)和上下文保持话题一致。故选G。
19.C 根据空后一句中的主语They可推知上文应该提到医生是一群什么样的人,因此,为明确代词they的指代,C项(医生是普通人,但他们也是天使)符合语境。故选C。
20.B 上文作者通过自己的亲身体验进一步了解了牙医这个职业,所以作为末尾句,空处用一句总结性的话进行概括:他们是我最崇拜的英雄。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的孩子给作者送了一台咖啡机,做咖啡的经历使作者领悟到要减慢生活的节奏,这样可以滋养我们的灵魂,帮助我们享受这个世界的小乐趣,认识到生活的真谛。
21.C 根据上文Last year, I received a special present.可知,咖啡机是孩子们送的礼物。此处gift为动词,意为“赠送”。lend借出;offer提供;ask询问。
22.B 作者喜欢每天早上喝咖啡,因此是迫不及待地用它。can't wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”。故选B。
23.C 根据语境可知,当作者第一次倒咖啡时,咖啡洒了一桌子,此处用as引导时间状语从句。
24.A 根据上文the coffee spilled(洒出) all over the table可知, 咖啡洒在桌子上,作者应该是失望的(disappointed)。delighted高兴的; amused逗乐的; astonished惊讶的。
25.A 结合上下文可知,作者一直努力,但每天早上还是会擦洒在桌子上的咖啡。此处用情态动词would表示过去经常发生的事情。
26.C 根据下文My normal 27 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. 可知,作者在早上总是很匆忙,咖啡倒得太快就会洒出来,因此此处是慢慢(slowly)倒。quickly迅速地;casually漫不经心地;patiently有耐心地。
27.B 作者做事很着急,通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐,开始新的一天。practice意为“惯例,做法”。promise承诺;tradition传统;standard标准。
28.D 但最终作者不仅学会了倒咖啡,还学会了享受(enjoy)这种体验:味道和新的一天的安静。possess拥有;clarify澄清;realize意识到。
29.A 这促使作者认真思考自己是否在生活的其他方面也匆忙行事。reflect upon意为“思考,深思”。decide决定;react对……做出反应;respond回复,反应。react和respond常常和介词to连用。
30.B 所以作者开始去欣赏即使是生活中那些最平凡的时刻。ordinary意为“普通的,平凡的”。difficult困难的;special专门的;awkward笨拙的,令人尴尬的。
31.C 根据上文语境可知,作者学会了让自己慢下来,此处是举例。当店主因让“我”久等而道歉时,“我”会说:“没事,我不着急(in a hurry)。”in advance提前,事先;in trouble处于困境;in a mess 一团糟。
32.D 根据下文we had known each other for a long time可知,作者甚至喜欢坐在房子前面和陌生人(stranger)聊天,分享他们自己的故事,就好像他们已经认识了很长时间。colleague同事;friend朋友;relative亲戚。
33.B 作者和陌生人交谈,就像是认识了很久一样,此处用了针对过去的虚拟语气had known(过去完成时),故用as if最符合语境。
34.A 根据下文Stillness not only slows the pace of life可知,作者放慢节奏去生活,周围的世界也跟着放慢了节奏,故选pace。stage舞台,时期;point观点,意义,核心;occasion场合。
35.D 宁静不仅减慢了生活的节奏,也滋养了(feed)我们的灵魂,帮助我们享受世界上的小乐趣,领会生命的真谛。explain解释;inspect视察;bless保佑,祝福。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。腾讯公司的一项调查表明,60%的中学生表示他们对梦想的工作几乎一无所知。他们在成长过程中很少获得职业选择的正确信息。来自上海的18岁女孩Michelle Ding暑假参加了芝加哥大学的“经济学之路”课程,使她对经济学有了更多的了解。
36.for 考查固定搭配。句意:但是,如果你向他们询问有关这些工作的更多信息,他们可能了解的并不多。ask sb. for sth.意为“问某人询问某事”。故填for。
37.suggests/has suggested 考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:中国的互联网公司腾讯最近的一项调查表明,60%的中学生表示他们对梦想的工作知之甚少。该句表明一个客观事实,可以使用一般现在时,主语为A recent study,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式;根据该句中的recent可知,此处可以使用现在完成时。故填suggests或has suggested。
38.growth 考查名词。句意:……许多中学生在他们成长期间只能片面地获取职业方面的信息。during是介词,后接名词作宾语;their是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词。故填growth。
39.ideas 考查名词复数。句意:这使他们对某些工作产生了错误的想法。idea意为“看法,想法”时是可数名词,应用复数形式。故填ideas。
40.earlier 考查副词的比较级。句意:获得更多的实际经验将使年轻人更早地开始职业道路,让他们确保所选职业是适合他们的。设空处修饰start,由本句中的more和空前的much可知应使用比较级。故填earlier。
41.is chosen 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意见上一题。分析句子结构可知,which引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语,先行词为the career,the career与choose是被动关系,根据空后的is和句意可知此处应用一般现在时。故填is chosen。
42.an 考查冠词。句意:Michelle Ding,一个来自上海的18岁女孩,利用暑假参加了芝加哥大学的“经济学之路”课程。此处表泛指,应使用不定冠词,18在英语中发音的第一个音素为元音。故填an。
43.taking 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。此处为spend some time (in) doing sth.,意为“花费时间做某事”。故填taking。
44.extremely 考查副词。句意:通过学习博弈论,她学习了极为有用的经济学知识。此处应用副词修饰形容词useful。故填extremely。
45.and 考查并列连词。句意:Ding说:“起初,我对经济学感兴趣只是因为我父亲在这个领域工作,但现在我已经对经济学产生了真正的热情,我会把它作为我将来的职业选择。”设空处连接but后的两个简单句,在语意上是并列的关系。故填and。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Sir/Madame,
I'm Li Hua, a high school student from Beijing. Interested in the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer in the games.
I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the voluntary job. Above all, I'm a fluent English speaker so that I have no difficulty communicating with visitors. Besides, keen on sports, I'm quite familiar with different events and the locations of the venues as a local. Equally importantly, I previously served as a volunteer several times, which is also an advantage over other candidates. I do believe I can do the job well if I'm granted a chance.
I'm looking forward to your early response.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases. All the treasures seemed to boast a long history and thus priceless. “Wow, it is really a land of wonder.” Rachel couldn't help admiring the elegance of the china figures and vases. Mum's words echoing in her mind, curiosity still got the upper hand. She reached for one of them, but unfortunately, the vase slipped off her hand and lay in pieces on the floor. Her heart missing a beat, she felt terribly worried.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile, Mrs. Willow comforted her, saying it had been broken before. Seeing Mrs. Willow's sharp blue eyes filled with warmth and affection, Rachel felt extremely regretful for her clumsy behavior. “If I had been more careful, the disaster wouldn't have happened.” Rachel knew what Mrs. Willow said might be an excuse to relieve her uneasiness and embarrassment. She decided that from the day on she would never be so careless and swore to be a kind and thoughtful person like Mrs. Willow.