广东省广州十八中2021-2022学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 广东省广州十八中2021-2022学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-22 09:31:48 | ||
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2021-2022学年广东省广州十八中九年级（上）期中英语试卷
一、语法填空
1．（15分）A long time ago，some farmers lived in a small village．And there was a farmer（1） had four sons．The farmer raised the four boys on his own．He hoped that his sons could learn not （2） opinions about things too quickly．So he gave his four sons （3） question in turn asking them to go to see a pear tree at a distance in different seasons．The sons promised they would not let their father （4） ．
The first son（5） out in the winter，the second in the spring，the third in the summer，and the youngest in the autumn．
One year passed．When all of them returned home，the farmer called them together to describe（6） they had seen．
The first son said the tree was（7） ，bent and distorted．It wasn't worth seeing at all．And it seemed that it wouldn't bear any fruit，（8） ．
The second son said it was not like that．but the tree was covered（9） green buds and made people feel full of hope．
The third son disagreed，saying that it was full of flowers which smelled so sweet and （10） so
beautiful．And he had never seen such beautiful scene that everyone would love it．
The last son disagreed with all of them，saying that it （11） with fruit，full of life and content．People
would be satisfied with it．
At last，the four sons' eyes were fixed（12） their father．The father smiled．Then he told his four
sons that（13） they were all correct，they only saw the tree in one season．He told his sons that（14） could not judge a tree or a person only by one season，and that the essence of a person could only be measured when all the seasons （15） over．
If you just give up in winter，you will miss the hope of spring，the beauty of
summer and the harvest of autumn in your life．
1．A．who B．what． C．which D．/
2．A．give B．gave C．giving D．to give
3．A．a B．an C．the D．/
4．A．up B．on C．off D．down
5．A．set B．sets C．has set D．have set
6．A．how B．what C．that D．why
7．A．awful B．more awful C．awfully D．more awfully
8．A．also B．too C．either D．neither
9．A．in B．on C．of D．with
10．A．look B．looks C．looked D．was looking
11．A．fills B．filled C．is filled D．was filled
12．A．to B．up C．on D．with
13．A．if B．so C．but D．although
14．A．he B．him C．they D．them
15．A．is B．are C．was D．were．
二、完形填空
2．（10分）The weather was fine，but it didn't make me feel better.On my way to the （1） where my mother was staying，I was so worried about her.
Rushing into the sickroom，I saw my mother lying on the bed in a mess，and in her arms a little baby was crying.Then I noticed my little brother.Seeing him，I thought everything was just like a dream.I didn't （2） him.
Everyone（3） me on the birth of my little brother，but I didn't feel joyful.I couldn't imagine living with a baby.Anyway，another new chapter（篇章）of my life in a（4） family began.
Every morning，I would be woken up by his crying.Then I had to play with him and try my best to make him（5） .Yes，I had to act like a big sister.At first，I was tired of this，since it wasn't an easy job to （6） a baby.
But one day，while we were playing in front of the mirror，I smiled at him and suddenly he （7） back.Melted by his cuteness，my heart was full of happiness.All my （8） was gone.Living with a baby wasn't always terrible.
I have gradually found that life is more（9） ever since his birth.I also realized how hard my parents must have worked when I was a kid.
The only﹣child days in my family are gone.I am starting an unforgettable journey in my life with my dear brother （10） .
（1）A.school B.factory C.library D.hospital
（2）A.like B.hate C.understand D.encourage
（3）A.helped B.supported C.congratulated D.praised
（4）A.no﹣child B.only﹣child C.two﹣child D.three﹣child
（5）A.sad B.happy C.bored D.tired
（6）A.look up B.look at C.look after D.look for
（7）A.smiled B.cried C.shouted D.roared
（8）A.illness B.tiredness C.carelessness D.kindness
（9）A.difficult B.convenient C.comfortable D.interesting
（10）A.excitedly B.unluckily C.terribly D.widely
三、阅读理解
3．（6分）When Einstein was 16，he always played with a group of mischievous kids.Because he was so busy playing，he didn't study enough and failed his final exam.One morning，when Einstein was holding a fishing rod and was about to go fishing with his friends，his father stopped him and said calmly， "Einstein，you're so fond of playing all day that you failed your exam.I'm worried about your future." "What are you worrying about？Jack and Robert also failed，but don't they still get to go fishing？"
"My boy，you can't think like that，" his dad said. "There is a fable（寓言故事）that people tell in our hometown.Listen to it now."
"There were two cats playing on a roof.One cat got caught off guard and fell down the chimney（烟囱）while holding the other cat.When the two cats climbed out of the chimney，one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face，while the other cat's face was clean.Seeing the soot﹣faced cat，the clean cat thought its face must be dirty，so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face.The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street."
"Einstein，no one can be your 'mirror'.You have to think for yourself.If you take your cues from others，you will never learn."
Hearing this，Einstein laid down his fishing rod and returned to his room.He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.This allowed him to be successful.
（1）What do we know from the fable？
A.The clean eat didn't wash its face.
B.Both cats made the wrong decision.
C.The soot﹣faced cat washed its face clean.
D.The soot﹣faced cat couldn't be a mirror.
（2）What does the underlined word "swaggered" show？
A.The cat ran out very quickly.
B.The cat felt very confident.
C.The cat felt he was just a fool.
D.The cat laughed at the other cat.
（3）What lesson did Einstein learn from his father？
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.There are no shortcuts to success.
C.A genius is one step away from becoming a fool.
D.Don't look to others when deciding how to behave.
4．（8分）Maria Montessori is a famous Italian educationalist，whose method of teaching has influenced people all over the world.
Born in Italy in 1870，Montessori became the first woman doctor in her country after she graduated from medical school in 1896.Later，working with poor children，she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.The rooms were bright and colorful.This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.
Maria thought that children must be free to learn without being criticized（批评）or limited.She let the children make their own choice of what they wanted to do and work with their own speed，not the rest of the class or the teacher.As a result，children enjoy learning and this gives them confidence and makes them happy.The Montessori Method also teaches children skills to help them become independent.Very young children learn to dress themselves，to cook and to put their toys and clothes away.It's a way of teaching which encourages children to learn by doing and experimenting.Children are encouraged to repeat activities as often as they wish，and they develop their observation（观察）skills by doing different activities.
In addition，the Montessori Method thinks that teacher is a guide，not a leader of the classroom，helping to open students' eyes to wonder around them.
A typical room in a Montessori school has many things children can use.The furniture is light so they can arrange it as they wish.Because the environment offers many activities，children like to work together and they develop a social life based on cooperation（合作）rather than competition.
Maria Montessori travelled around the world to train teachers to use her method.In 1950，she received the World Peace Education Badges.
（1）How old was Montessori when she became a doctor？
A.24.
B.25.
C.26.
D.27.
（2）What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.Italy.
B.A children's house.
C.Medical school.
D.Montessori Method.
（3）Which of the following is NOT the idea of the Montessori Method？
A.The teacher is not a leader but a guide.
B.Make children repeat the same activity every day.
C.Help children become more independent.
D.Encourage children to learn by themselves.
（4）According to the passage，what's the correct order of the following statements？
a.The Montessori Method was formed.
b.Maria Montessori was born in Italy.
c.Maria Montessori set up a "children's house" in Rome.
d.Maria Montessori graduated from a medical school.
e.Maria Montessori received the World Peace Education Badges.
A.b﹣a﹣e﹣c﹣d.
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c﹣e.
C.b﹣d﹣c﹣a﹣e.
D.b﹣a﹣c﹣d﹣e.
5．（8分）"What's the name of our neighbour？1 can't remember right now．" Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this？Usually，we think older people's memories become bad because their brains get weak，but a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a different idea．
"The human brain works slower in old age，" said lead scientist Michael Ramscar， "but only because they have stored more information over time．"
The findings are based on a series of computer simulations（模拟）of learning and memory．Scientists let the computers read a certain amount of words and learn new things each day．When the computer "reads" only so much，its performance on cognitive（认知）tests is similar to that of a young adult．But if the computer learned the experiences we might have over a lifetime，its performance is similar to that of an older adult．
Often it was slower because increased "experience" had caused the computer's database（数据库）to grow，giving it more data to process﹣which takes time．This is similar to old people．Imagine a person knows two people's birthdays．Another person knows the birthdays of 2，000 people，but can only match the right person to the right birthday nine times out of 10．Can you say the first person has a better memory than the second person？
The basic idea is that "The larger the library you have in your head，the longer it usually takes to find a particular word．" Benedict Carey，a science reporter，wrote in an article about the study．
（1）Why did the writer use a question at the beginning？
A．To attract readers' attention to the topic．
B．To invite the readers to answer the question．
C．To prove that older people have bad memories．
D．To encourage readers to think of their neighbours．
（2）How did the scientists do their research？
A．They interviewed all the old people of their neighbours．
B．They followed the experiences of a group of old people．
C．They asked both young and old people the same questions．
D．They used computers to simulate human learning and memory．
（3）According to the research，why do old people forget other people's names easily？
A．Because they have a very poor memory．
B．Because they are too old to remember things．
C．Because their brains become weaker than before．
D．Because they have too much information in their brains．
（4）What would be the best title for the story？
A．Is it Better to Be Old or Young
B．Human Brain's Processing Ability．
C．Do Old People Have Poor Memories？
D．Scientists' New Findings on Brains．
6．（8分）Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing.Lifts can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes.The following is the price table of the lift tickets.
LIFT TICKETS
Tourists Weekday （open to close） Weekend （open to close） Night （ 3 p.m.to 10 p.m.）
Adult （Ages 19 to 60） ＄48 ＄55 ＄34
Young Man （Ages 18 & under） ＄37 ￥41 ￥34
Child （46 cm tall & under） FREE FREE FREE
College Student （College ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Soldier （Active Duty ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Elders （Ages 60 to 69） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Super Elders （Ages 70+） FREE FREE FREE
*proof（证明）of age needed
Lift Hours Monday ﹣﹣ Friday：9 a.m. ﹣ 10 p.m. Weekend：8 a.m. ＝ 10 p.m. Christmas Day：Noon ﹣ 5 p.m.
（1）If a child of 42 cm tall takes the lift with his 18﹣year﹣old brother on Thursday morning，they will pay .
A. ＄41
B. ＄48
C. ＄37
D. ＄74
（2）As a college student，how can you buy a lift ticket at a lower price？
A.By telling the name of your college.
B.By showing your college ID.
C.By giving your phone number.
D.By showing your Active Duty ID.
（3）Tourists take the lift at to the top of the mountain on Christmas Day.
A.8 a.m.
B.4 p.m.
C.9 a.m.
D.10 p.m.
（4）Where can you probably find this passage？
A.A geography textbook.
B.A travel pamphlet.
C.A photo album.
D.An art magazine.
四、阅读填空
7．（5分）Are you bored with your daily life？Here are some things you should try before you are 18，because after that it's too late!
（1） If you don't have a garden，find a friend who has one!You will need a small tent，sleeping bags and warm clothes.You can have a nice picnic and play games until it gets dark.Then what activities can you do at night？ （2） You will need a flashlight or it might get a bit scary.
Learn to swim.Seriously，this is so important because it could save your life.If you can't swim well，you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing or surfing. （3） .So make sure you do it.
Try at least one kind of team sport，Being a good team player is a skill in life.In the games you'll learn how important it is to work well with other people. （4） Yes，they keep you healthy and they are great fun.Teams usually have a good social life，too.You will go to lots of parties and make many friends.
Write your family tree.（5） .And try to find more information about their young ages.Draw a family tree and make notes about each person so that you won't forget.
A.Camp out in the garden with your friends. B.Are there any other advantages of team sports？ C .Get to know all the older people in your family. D.You can tell ghost stories and eat all your sweets. E.Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you.
五、语篇填词
8．（5分）The life people live today is quite different from that in the past.There is no （1）d that the modern car has changed people's life a great deal.Before the invention of the car，people had to travel by rail，on horseback or by horse﹣drawn carriage，or on foot.Using horses for traveling was slow and certainly，walking was even slower.Cars allow people to spend（2）l time travelling long distances.Cars also（3）s an enormous（巨大的）problem caused by using horses for transport in cities：manure（粪）!There were so many horses in large cities that it was almost impossible to get rid of the manure.This could easily drive people（4）m .In most people's（5）m ，cars cause pollution，but the first cars actually made cities cleaner!
六、完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
9．（2分）杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥。
Jerry in order to lose weight.
10．（2分）对孩子们来说，多吃蔬菜少吃肉是有好处的．
good for children more vegetables and less meat．
11．（2分）好漂亮的裙子啊！在哪儿买的？
dress it is!Where did you buy it？
12．（2分）我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信。
My best friend asked me if I her.
13．（2分）不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人。
Never those in trouble.
七、书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
14．（15分）假如你是李华，你的好朋友Jenna不久前参加达人秀节目被淘汰，她受这次失败所困扰，情绪低落，无心向学。请你给她写一封信，结合以下要点给她提建议：
注意：1.字数：80词左右（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Dear Jenna，
I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling down because of your failure in this talent show.I'd like to________.
I hope you will get better soon.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
2021-2022学年广东省广州十八中九年级（上）期中英语试卷（参考答案含解析）
一、语法填空
1．（15分）A long time ago，some farmers lived in a small village．And there was a farmer（1） A had four sons．The farmer raised the four boys on his own．He hoped that his sons could learn not （2） D opinions about things too quickly．So he gave his four sons （3） A question in turn asking them to go to see a pear tree at a distance in different seasons．The sons promised they would not let their father （4） D ．
The first son（5） A out in the winter，the second in the spring，the third in the summer，and the youngest in the autumn．
One year passed．When all of them returned home，the farmer called them together to describe（6） B they had seen．
The first son said the tree was（7） A ，bent and distorted．It wasn't worth seeing at all．And it seemed that it wouldn't bear any fruit，（8） C ．
The second son said it was not like that．but the tree was covered（9） D green buds and made people feel full of hope．
The third son disagreed，saying that it was full of flowers which smelled so sweet and （10） C so
beautiful．And he had never seen such beautiful scene that everyone would love it．
The last son disagreed with all of them，saying that it （11） D with fruit，full of life and content．People
would be satisfied with it．
At last，the four sons' eyes were fixed（12） C their father．The father smiled．Then he told his four
sons that（13） D they were all correct，they only saw the tree in one season．He told his sons that（14） C could not judge a tree or a person only by one season，and that the essence of a person could only be measured when all the seasons （15） D over．
If you just give up in winter，you will miss the hope of spring，the beauty of
summer and the harvest of autumn in your life．
1．A．who B．what． C．which D．/
2．A．give B．gave C．giving D．to give
3．A．a B．an C．the D．/
4．A．up B．on C．off D．down
5．A．set B．sets C．has set D．have set
6．A．how B．what C．that D．why
7．A．awful B．more awful C．awfully D．more awfully
8．A．also B．too C．either D．neither
9．A．in B．on C．of D．with
10．A．look B．looks C．looked D．was looking
11．A．fills B．filled C．is filled D．was filled
12．A．to B．up C．on D．with
13．A．if B．so C．but D．although
14．A．he B．him C．they D．them
15．A．is B．are C．was D．were．
【分析】文章大意
文章主要讲述的是一则小故事，老人的四个儿子在四个不同的季节去观察同一棵梨树，他们四个人观察到了四种不同的现象．虽然他们看到的都是真的，但是每个人说的又各不相同，由此告诉我们看事物要看的全面．
【解答】1．A，考查从句引导词辨析，had four sons有四个儿子，由此可知用who来引导定语从句，同时在从句中做主语，选择A．
2．D，考查动词辨析，He hoped that his sons could learn他希望儿子能够学习…固定搭配为learn to do sth表示学习做某事，选择D．
3．A，考查冠词辨析，question问题，由句意可知此处是在说一个问题，泛指，question以辅音音节开头，用不定冠词a，选择A．
4．D，考查形容词辨析，The sons promised they would not let their father 儿子们承诺不会让父亲…上文提到父亲希望他们学会，由此推测是不让父亲失望，let sb down表示让某人失望，选择D．
5．A，考查动词辨析，in the winter冬天，由上下文可知是冬天出发，set out表示出发，故事发生在过去，用过去时，选择A．
6．B，考查从句引导词辨析，they had seen他们看见的，由此可知此处表达的是看到了什么，用what来引导宾语从句，选择B．
7．A，考查形容词辨析，bent and distorted弯曲的，扭曲的，由此可知这个儿子看到的树应该是糟糕的，awful是形容词，可直接放在系动词之后，选择A．
8．C，考查副词辨析，And it seemed that it wouldn't bear any fruit他不能承受任何水果，前面提到那棵树看起来很糟糕，由此可以推测此处说明的是除了看起来糟糕，它也不能结果，在否定句中用either表示也，选择C．
9．D，考查介词辨析，green buds绿芽，由此可以推测是树上被绿芽覆盖，cover with表示覆盖，选择D．
10．C，考查动词辨析，so beautiful如此漂亮，由此可知是看起来，故事发生在过去，用过去时，选择C．
11．D，考查动词辨析，fruit水果，由此可以推测是树上结满了水果，be filled with表示充满，故事发生在过去，用过去时，选择D．
12．C，考查介词辨析，their father他们的父亲，由此可知是看向他们的父亲，fix on表示把…集中在…由此确定选择C．
13．D，考查连词辨析，they were all correct，they only saw the tree in one season你们说的都对，只看到了一个季节的现象，两个句子含义发生转折，but和although都可以表示转折，但but不能用在句首没选择D．
14．C，考查代词辨析，He told his sons他告诉他的儿子们，是复数，由此可知此处用they来表示他的四个儿子，选择C．
15．D，考查系动词辨析，could not judge a tree or a person only by one season，and that the essence of a person could only be measured when all the seasons不能凭一个季度的现象去下结论，应该等到四个季节…由此可知是全都结束的时候，be over表示结束，由于发生在过去，所用过去时，选择D．
二、完形填空
2．（10分）The weather was fine，but it didn't make me feel better.On my way to the （1） D where my mother was staying，I was so worried about her.
Rushing into the sickroom，I saw my mother lying on the bed in a mess，and in her arms a little baby was crying.Then I noticed my little brother.Seeing him，I thought everything was just like a dream.I didn't （2） A him.
Everyone（3） C me on the birth of my little brother，but I didn't feel joyful.I couldn't imagine living with a baby.Anyway，another new chapter（篇章）of my life in a（4） C family began.
Every morning，I would be woken up by his crying.Then I had to play with him and try my best to make him（5） B .Yes，I had to act like a big sister.At first，I was tired of this，since it wasn't an easy job to （6） C a baby.
But one day，while we were playing in front of the mirror，I smiled at him and suddenly he （7） A back.Melted by his cuteness，my heart was full of happiness.All my （8） B was gone.Living with a baby wasn't always terrible.
I have gradually found that life is more（9） D ever since his birth.I also realized how hard my parents must have worked when I was a kid.
The only﹣child days in my family are gone.I am starting an unforgettable journey in my life with my dear brother （10） A .
（1）A.school B.factory C.library D.hospital
（2）A.like B.hate C.understand D.encourage
（3）A.helped B.supported C.congratulated D.praised
（4）A.no﹣child B.only﹣child C.two﹣child D.three﹣child
（5）A.sad B.happy C.bored D.tired
（6）A.look up B.look at C.look after D.look for
（7）A.smiled B.cried C.shouted D.roared
（8）A.illness B.tiredness C.carelessness D.kindness
（9）A.difficult B.convenient C.comfortable D.interesting
（10）A.excitedly B.unluckily C.terribly D.widely
【分析】本文主要介绍了作者在自己的弟弟出生以后所发生的心态的转变过程。
【解答】（1）名词辨析。A.school学校；B.factory工厂；C.library图书馆；D.hospital医院。根据I was so worried about her.（我很担心她。）可推知，妈妈应该是住院了。句意：在去我妈妈住的医院的路上，我很担心她。故选D。
（2）动词辨析。A.like喜欢；B.hate讨厌；C.understand明白，理解；D.encourage鼓励。根据下文I didn't feel joyful.（我没有感到快乐。）可知，作者并不喜欢弟弟。句意：我不喜欢他。故选A。
（3）动词辨析。A.helped（帮助）；B.supported支持；C.congratulated祝贺；D.praised赞美，表扬。根据the birth of my little brother（我弟弟的出生）可知，大家都祝贺作者有个小弟弟。句意：每个人都祝贺我小弟弟的出生，但我并不感到高兴。故选C。
（4）形容词辨析。A.no﹣child没有孩子的；B.only﹣child独生子女的；C.two﹣child二孩的；D.three﹣child三孩的。根据前文可知，这个家有作者和新出生的弟弟，所以是二孩家庭。句意：总之，我在一个两个孩子的家庭里开始了人生的另一个新篇章。故选C。
（5）形容词辨析。A.sad悲伤的；B.happy高兴的；C.bored枯燥的；D.tired疲惫的。根据play with him（和他玩）可知，是为了逗他开心。句意：然后我必须和他一起玩，尽力我让他高兴。故选B。
（6）动词短语辨析。A.look up查阅；B.look at看；C.look after照顾；D.look for寻找。根据句意结合选项可知，是照顾弟弟。句意：起初，我对此感到疲惫，因为照顾一个婴儿不是一件容易的工作。故选C。
（7）动词辨析。A.smiled微笑；B.cried哭；C.shouted大叫；D.roared咆哮。根据I smiled at him（我朝他笑了笑）可知，小弟弟也对作者笑了笑。句意：但是有一天，当我们在镜子前玩的时候，我对他笑了笑，突然他也对我笑了笑。故选A。
（8）名词辨析。A.illness疾病；B.tiredness疲劳；C.carelessness粗心；D.kindness善良。根据前文I was tired of this（我对此感到疲惫）可知，看到小弟弟对自己笑，应该是疲惫一扫而空。句意：我所有的疲倦都消失了。故选B。
（9）形容词辨析。A.difficult困难的；B.convenient方便的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.interesting有趣的。根据上文Living with a baby wasn't always terrible.（和孩子一起生活并不总是糟糕的。）可知，作者觉得生活变得有趣了。句意：自从他出生以后，我渐渐发现生活变得更有趣了。故选D。
（10）副词辨析。A.excitedly兴奋地，激动地；B.unluckily不幸地；C.terribly糟糕地；D.widely普遍地。根据unforgettable journey（难忘的旅程）可知，是激动地开始新生活。句意：我兴奋地和我亲爱的弟弟开始了一段难忘的人生旅程。故选A。
三、阅读理解
3．（6分）When Einstein was 16，he always played with a group of mischievous kids.Because he was so busy playing，he didn't study enough and failed his final exam.One morning，when Einstein was holding a fishing rod and was about to go fishing with his friends，his father stopped him and said calmly， "Einstein，you're so fond of playing all day that you failed your exam.I'm worried about your future." "What are you worrying about？Jack and Robert also failed，but don't they still get to go fishing？"
"My boy，you can't think like that，" his dad said. "There is a fable（寓言故事）that people tell in our hometown.Listen to it now."
"There were two cats playing on a roof.One cat got caught off guard and fell down the chimney（烟囱）while holding the other cat.When the two cats climbed out of the chimney，one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face，while the other cat's face was clean.Seeing the soot﹣faced cat，the clean cat thought its face must be dirty，so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face.The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street."
"Einstein，no one can be your 'mirror'.You have to think for yourself.If you take your cues from others，you will never learn."
Hearing this，Einstein laid down his fishing rod and returned to his room.He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.This allowed him to be successful.
（1）What do we know from the fable？ B
A.The clean eat didn't wash its face.
B.Both cats made the wrong decision.
C.The soot﹣faced cat washed its face clean.
D.The soot﹣faced cat couldn't be a mirror.
（2）What does the underlined word "swaggered" show？ B
A.The cat ran out very quickly.
B.The cat felt very confident.
C.The cat felt he was just a fool.
D.The cat laughed at the other cat.
（3）What lesson did Einstein learn from his father？ D
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.There are no shortcuts to success.
C.A genius is one step away from becoming a fool.
D.Don't look to others when deciding how to behave.
【分析】本文主要讲述了爱因斯坦小时候非常贪玩，以至于考试不及格，他的父亲给他讲了三只小猫的故事，让他意识到自己做什么没必要看别人是怎么做的，最后取得成功。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Seeing the soot﹣faced cat，the clean cat thought its face must be dirty，so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face.The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street.（脸上很干净的小猫看到脸上脏兮兮的小猫后，认为自己脸上也脏兮兮的，所以去河边洗脸。而脸上脏兮兮的小猫看到脸上很干净的小猫后认为自己脸上也是很干净的，所以就在街上大摇大摆地走着。）可知，两只小猫都做出了错误的决定。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street.（脸上脏兮兮的小猫看到脸上很干净的小猫后认为自己脸上也是很干净的，所以在街上......。）可以推测，脸上脏兮兮的小猫上街应该是对自己很自信的，所以swaggered为类似意思。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据Hearing this，Einstein laid down his fishing rod and returned to his room.He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.This allowed him to be successful.（听到这里，爱因斯坦放下钓竿，回到了自己的房间。他决定把更多的注意力放在学习上，少去注意他的朋友们在做什么。这让他成功了。）可知，爱因斯坦听完这个故事后，决定多关注学习，少关注他的朋友们在做什么，即在决定如何做的时候，不要看别人。故选D。
4．（8分）Maria Montessori is a famous Italian educationalist，whose method of teaching has influenced people all over the world.
Born in Italy in 1870，Montessori became the first woman doctor in her country after she graduated from medical school in 1896.Later，working with poor children，she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.The rooms were bright and colorful.This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.
Maria thought that children must be free to learn without being criticized（批评）or limited.She let the children make their own choice of what they wanted to do and work with their own speed，not the rest of the class or the teacher.As a result，children enjoy learning and this gives them confidence and makes them happy.The Montessori Method also teaches children skills to help them become independent.Very young children learn to dress themselves，to cook and to put their toys and clothes away.It's a way of teaching which encourages children to learn by doing and experimenting.Children are encouraged to repeat activities as often as they wish，and they develop their observation（观察）skills by doing different activities.
In addition，the Montessori Method thinks that teacher is a guide，not a leader of the classroom，helping to open students' eyes to wonder around them.
A typical room in a Montessori school has many things children can use.The furniture is light so they can arrange it as they wish.Because the environment offers many activities，children like to work together and they develop a social life based on cooperation（合作）rather than competition.
Maria Montessori travelled around the world to train teachers to use her method.In 1950，she received the World Peace Education Badges.
（1）How old was Montessori when she became a doctor？ C
A.24.
B.25.
C.26.
D.27.
（2）What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ B
A.Italy.
B.A children's house.
C.Medical school.
D.Montessori Method.
（3）Which of the following is NOT the idea of the Montessori Method？ B
A.The teacher is not a leader but a guide.
B.Make children repeat the same activity every day.
C.Help children become more independent.
D.Encourage children to learn by themselves.
（4）According to the passage，what's the correct order of the following statements？ C
a.The Montessori Method was formed.
b.Maria Montessori was born in Italy.
c.Maria Montessori set up a "children's house" in Rome.
d.Maria Montessori graduated from a medical school.
e.Maria Montessori received the World Peace Education Badges.
A.b﹣a﹣e﹣c﹣d.
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c﹣e.
C.b﹣d﹣c﹣a﹣e.
D.b﹣a﹣c﹣d﹣e.
【分析】本文主要介绍了玛丽亚 蒙台梭利是意大利著名教育学家，教育方法影响全世界人。作为意大利第一个女医生，她建立了"儿童之家"发展教育方法，以一种指导的方法鼓励孩子发展学会合作，培养技能精神。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据Born in Italy in 1870，Montessori became the first woman doctor in her country after she graduated from medical school in 1896.（蒙台梭利于1870年出生于意大利，1896年从医学院毕业后成为意大利首位女医生。）可推知，当医生时她1896﹣1870＝26岁。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Later，working with poor children，she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.The rooms were bright and colorful.This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.（后来，为了帮助贫困儿童，她于1907年在罗马建立了"儿童之家"。房间明亮多彩。在这里，她发展了蒙台梭利方法，形成于1908﹣1913年。）可知，划线词指代的是a "Children's house"。故选B。
（3）细节判断题。根据Children are encouraged to repeat activities as often as they wish，and they develop their observation（观察）skills by doing different activities.（鼓励孩子们尽可能多地重复活动，通过做不同的活动来培养他们的观察能力。）可知，是做不同的活动。B选项"让孩子每天重复同样的活动。"表述错误。故选B。
（4）文章排序题。根据she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.（1907年，她在罗马建立了"儿童之家"。）以及This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.（在这里，她发展了蒙台梭利方法，形成于1908﹣1913年。）可知，先建立儿童之家，后发展教育方法，c在a前，用排除法。故选C。
5．（8分）"What's the name of our neighbour？1 can't remember right now．" Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this？Usually，we think older people's memories become bad because their brains get weak，but a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a different idea．
"The human brain works slower in old age，" said lead scientist Michael Ramscar， "but only because they have stored more information over time．"
The findings are based on a series of computer simulations（模拟）of learning and memory．Scientists let the computers read a certain amount of words and learn new things each day．When the computer "reads" only so much，its performance on cognitive（认知）tests is similar to that of a young adult．But if the computer learned the experiences we might have over a lifetime，its performance is similar to that of an older adult．
Often it was slower because increased "experience" had caused the computer's database（数据库）to grow，giving it more data to process﹣which takes time．This is similar to old people．Imagine a person knows two people's birthdays．Another person knows the birthdays of 2，000 people，but can only match the right person to the right birthday nine times out of 10．Can you say the first person has a better memory than the second person？
The basic idea is that "The larger the library you have in your head，the longer it usually takes to find a particular word．" Benedict Carey，a science reporter，wrote in an article about the study．
（1）Why did the writer use a question at the beginning？ A
A．To attract readers' attention to the topic．
B．To invite the readers to answer the question．
C．To prove that older people have bad memories．
D．To encourage readers to think of their neighbours．
（2）How did the scientists do their research？ D
A．They interviewed all the old people of their neighbours．
B．They followed the experiences of a group of old people．
C．They asked both young and old people the same questions．
D．They used computers to simulate human learning and memory．
（3）According to the research，why do old people forget other people's names easily？ D
A．Because they have a very poor memory．
B．Because they are too old to remember things．
C．Because their brains become weaker than before．
D．Because they have too much information in their brains．
（4）What would be the best title for the story？ C
A．Is it Better to Be Old or Young
B．Human Brain's Processing Ability．
C．Do Old People Have Poor Memories？
D．Scientists' New Findings on Brains．
【分析】本文主要是介绍了一些关于老年人的记忆力的知识．
【解答】（1）A．推断题．根据" What's the name of our neighbour？"以及" Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this sometimes？"在文章的开头就用几个疑问句，这是一种写作手法，主要是为了引起读者的注意力，让读者很想知道下文的内容，故选A．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据"The findings are based on a series of computer simulations（模拟）of learning and memory．Scientists let the computers read a certain amount of words and learn new things each day．"可知科学家是通过使用计算机来模拟人类的学习和记忆来做实验的．故选D．
（3）D．细节理解题．根据"But only because they have stored more information overtime "可知是由于储存的东西太多，所以老年人很容易忘记别人的名字，故选D．
（4）C．标题归纳题．根据"Usually we think that older people's memory becomes bad because their brains get weak．But now a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a new idea． "可德国的科学家们从一个新的角度，解释了老年人记忆力下降的原因，并不是由不好的记忆力导致的，选"老人的记忆不好吗？"故选C．
6．（8分）Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing.Lifts can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes.The following is the price table of the lift tickets.
LIFT TICKETS
Tourists Weekday （open to close） Weekend （open to close） Night （ 3 p.m.to 10 p.m.）
Adult （Ages 19 to 60） ＄48 ＄55 ＄34
Young Man （Ages 18 & under） ＄37 ￥41 ￥34
Child （46 cm tall & under） FREE FREE FREE
College Student （College ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Soldier （Active Duty ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Elders （Ages 60 to 69） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Super Elders （Ages 70+） FREE FREE FREE
*proof（证明）of age needed
Lift Hours Monday ﹣﹣ Friday：9 a.m. ﹣ 10 p.m. Weekend：8 a.m. ＝ 10 p.m. Christmas Day：Noon ﹣ 5 p.m.
（1）If a child of 42 cm tall takes the lift with his 18﹣year﹣old brother on Thursday morning，they will pay C .
A. ＄41
B. ＄48
C. ＄37
D. ＄74
（2）As a college student，how can you buy a lift ticket at a lower price？ B
A.By telling the name of your college.
B.By showing your college ID.
C.By giving your phone number.
D.By showing your Active Duty ID.
（3）Tourists take the lift at B to the top of the mountain on Christmas Day.
A.8 a.m.
B.4 p.m.
C.9 a.m.
D.10 p.m.
（4）Where can you probably find this passage？ B
A.A geography textbook.
B.A travel pamphlet.
C.A photo album.
D.An art magazine.
【分析】材料是旅游小册中的景点以及票价等信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据表格第五行第二列可知42厘米的孩子不需要收费；而第四行第二列可知成年人收费37美元。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据原文College Student（College ID needed）可知可出出示学生卡。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据原文Christmas Day：Noon ﹣ 5 p.m.（圣诞节：中午至下午5时）可知圣诞当天的下午四点。故选B。
（4）文章出处题。根据原文Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing.Lifts can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes.The following is the price table of the lift tickets.（肖尼山是滑雪的好地方。电梯可以帮助游客在3分钟内到达山顶。以下是电梯票价表。）可知出自于旅游小册。故选B。
四、阅读填空
7．（5分）Are you bored with your daily life？Here are some things you should try before you are 18，because after that it's too late!
（1） A If you don't have a garden，find a friend who has one!You will need a small tent，sleeping bags and warm clothes.You can have a nice picnic and play games until it gets dark.Then what activities can you do at night？ （2） D You will need a flashlight or it might get a bit scary.
Learn to swim.Seriously，this is so important because it could save your life.If you can't swim well，you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing or surfing. （3） E .So make sure you do it.
Try at least one kind of team sport，Being a good team player is a skill in life.In the games you'll learn how important it is to work well with other people. （4） B Yes，they keep you healthy and they are great fun.Teams usually have a good social life，too.You will go to lots of parties and make many friends.
Write your family tree.（5） C .And try to find more information about their young ages.Draw a family tree and make notes about each person so that you won't forget.
A.Camp out in the garden with your friends. B.Are there any other advantages of team sports？ C .Get to know all the older people in your family. D.You can tell ghost stories and eat all your sweets. E.Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you.
【分析】本文主要介绍了在18岁之前应该尝试的一些事情。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）A。根据后句"If you don't have a garden，find a friend who has one"如果你没有花园，找一个有花园的朋友。结合选项，A项：和你的朋友们在花园里露营，符合语境。故选：A。
（2）D。根据前句"Then what activities can you do at night"那么你晚上可以做什么活动呢？结合选项，D项：你可以讲鬼故事，吃你所有的糖果，符合语境。故选：D。
（3）E。根据前句"If you can't swim well，you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing or surfing"如果你不会游泳，你就不能进行滑水或冲浪等水上运动。结合选项，E项：即使乘船旅行对你来说也是危险的，符合语境。故选：E。
（4）B。根据前句"In the games you'll learn how important it is to work well with other people"在游戏中，你会学到与他人良好合作的重要性。结合选项，B项：团队运动还有其他的优点吗？符合语境。故选：B。
（5）C。根据前句" Write your family tree"写下你的家谱。结合选项，C项：认识你家里所有的长辈，符合语境。故选：C。
五、语篇填词
8．（5分）The life people live today is quite different from that in the past.There is no （1）d oubt that the modern car has changed people's life a great deal.Before the invention of the car，people had to travel by rail，on horseback or by horse﹣drawn carriage，or on foot.Using horses for traveling was slow and certainly，walking was even slower.Cars allow people to spend（2）l ess time travelling long distances.Cars also（3）s olve an enormous（巨大的）problem caused by using horses for transport in cities：manure（粪）!There were so many horses in large cities that it was almost impossible to get rid of the manure.This could easily drive people（4）m ad .In most people's（5）m ind ，cars cause pollution，but the first cars actually made cities cleaner!
【分析】本文主要讲述了今天人们的生活与过去大不相同。毫无疑问，现代汽车极大地改变了人们的生活。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，现代汽车极大地改变了人们的生活。根据句意，可知There is no doubt that"毫无疑问"符合句意。故答案为：doubt。
（2）考查比较级。句意：汽车使人们花在长途旅行上的时间减少了。根据前文讲述"用马旅行很慢，当然，走路更慢"，可知汽车使人们花在长途旅行上的时间减少了，更少的"less"为little的比较级。故答案为：less。
（3）考查动词。句意：汽车还解决了在城市中使用马来运输所带来的一个巨大问题：粪肥！根据an enormous（巨大的）problem和句意，结合首字母，可知为solve"解决"，根据文章时态，可知为一般现在时，主语为cars，故用solve。故答案为：solve。
（4）考查形容词。句意：这很容易让人发疯。根据前文讲述"在大城市里有这么多的马，几乎不可能清除粪便"，结合首字母，可知为mad"疯狂的"，drive sb mad"使某人发疯"。故答案为：mad。
（5）考查名词。句意：在大多数人的心目中，汽车造成污染，但第一辆汽车实际上使城市更清洁！根据句意和首字母，可知为mind"心思"，为不可数名词。故答案为：mind。
六、完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
9．（2分）杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥。
Jerry is keeping a diet in order to lose weight.
【分析】杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥。
【解答】根据汉语提示"杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥"，考虑用固定短语keep a diet，意为"节食"，由本句为现在进行时，考虑填其"be+动词﹣ing"形式。
故填：is keeping a diet。
10．（2分）对孩子们来说，多吃蔬菜少吃肉是有好处的．
It's good for children to eat more vegetables and less meat．
【分析】It's good for children to eat more vegetables and less meat．
【解答】分析句子，这里考查固定句式it is adj． for sb． to do，吃eat。
故答案为：It's；to eat。
11．（2分）好漂亮的裙子啊！在哪儿买的？
What a beautiful dress it is!Where did you buy it？
【分析】What a beautiful dress it is!Where did you buy it？
【解答】答案：What a beautiful
根据句意，这是一个感叹句．其构成是How+形容词+主语+谓语！What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语！在句中dress 是可数名词单数，故答案为what a beautiful．
12．（2分）我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信。
My best friend asked me if I heard from her.
【分析】我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信。
【解答】根据汉语提示"我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信"，考虑用固定短语hear from，意为"收到某人的来信"，由上文的asked考虑此处也填其过去式形式。
故填：heard from。
13．（2分）不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人。
Never laugh at those in trouble.
【分析】不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人。
【解答】根据汉语提示"不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人"，考虑用固定短语laugh at，意为"嘲笑"，由祈使句考虑填动词原形形式。
故填：laugh at。
七、书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
14．（15分）假如你是李华，你的好朋友Jenna不久前参加达人秀节目被淘汰，她受这次失败所困扰，情绪低落，无心向学。请你给她写一封信，结合以下要点给她提建议：
注意：1.字数：80词左右（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Dear Jenna，
I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling down because of your failure in this talent show.I'd like to________.
I hope you will get better soon.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
But there is no need to take the result too seriously.但没有必要把结果看得太严重。
There is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事，固定句型；take seriously认真对待，固定搭配。
【高分句型二】
If you are really in a bad mood，I think you can try to talk with your parents，your teachers or your classmates.如果你真的心情不好，我认为你可以试着和你的父母，你的老师或你的同学谈谈。
这是一个主从复合句，if引导条件状语从句；主句中又包含宾语从句you can try to talk with your parents，your teachers or your classmates；try to do sth.尽量去做某事，固定搭配；talk with与…谈话，固定搭配。
【解答】Dear Jenna，
I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling down because of your failure in this talent show.I'd like to tell you my advice.（点题）
Talent shows may change teenagers' future.They give us the chances to show our talents，and give us a way to make our dreams come true.But there is no need to take the result too seriously.【高分句型一】It may not be good for teenagers to become famous too early.So don't care more about talent shows，just enjoy the process.In addition，there are many ways to success.For example，you can go to college to study music.You can also join a music club and show your talents.As a teenager，you should spend more time studying and developing your interests at the same time.If you are really in a bad mood，I think you can try to talk with your parents，your teachers or your classmates.【高分句型二】Maybe they will help you.（具体建议）
I hope you will get better soon.（希望）
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
一、语法填空
1．（15分）A long time ago，some farmers lived in a small village．And there was a farmer（1） had four sons．The farmer raised the four boys on his own．He hoped that his sons could learn not （2） opinions about things too quickly．So he gave his four sons （3） question in turn asking them to go to see a pear tree at a distance in different seasons．The sons promised they would not let their father （4） ．
The first son（5） out in the winter，the second in the spring，the third in the summer，and the youngest in the autumn．
One year passed．When all of them returned home，the farmer called them together to describe（6） they had seen．
The first son said the tree was（7） ，bent and distorted．It wasn't worth seeing at all．And it seemed that it wouldn't bear any fruit，（8） ．
The second son said it was not like that．but the tree was covered（9） green buds and made people feel full of hope．
The third son disagreed，saying that it was full of flowers which smelled so sweet and （10） so
beautiful．And he had never seen such beautiful scene that everyone would love it．
The last son disagreed with all of them，saying that it （11） with fruit，full of life and content．People
would be satisfied with it．
At last，the four sons' eyes were fixed（12） their father．The father smiled．Then he told his four
sons that（13） they were all correct，they only saw the tree in one season．He told his sons that（14） could not judge a tree or a person only by one season，and that the essence of a person could only be measured when all the seasons （15） over．
If you just give up in winter，you will miss the hope of spring，the beauty of
summer and the harvest of autumn in your life．
1．A．who B．what． C．which D．/
2．A．give B．gave C．giving D．to give
3．A．a B．an C．the D．/
4．A．up B．on C．off D．down
5．A．set B．sets C．has set D．have set
6．A．how B．what C．that D．why
7．A．awful B．more awful C．awfully D．more awfully
8．A．also B．too C．either D．neither
9．A．in B．on C．of D．with
10．A．look B．looks C．looked D．was looking
11．A．fills B．filled C．is filled D．was filled
12．A．to B．up C．on D．with
13．A．if B．so C．but D．although
14．A．he B．him C．they D．them
15．A．is B．are C．was D．were．
二、完形填空
2．（10分）The weather was fine，but it didn't make me feel better.On my way to the （1） where my mother was staying，I was so worried about her.
Rushing into the sickroom，I saw my mother lying on the bed in a mess，and in her arms a little baby was crying.Then I noticed my little brother.Seeing him，I thought everything was just like a dream.I didn't （2） him.
Everyone（3） me on the birth of my little brother，but I didn't feel joyful.I couldn't imagine living with a baby.Anyway，another new chapter（篇章）of my life in a（4） family began.
Every morning，I would be woken up by his crying.Then I had to play with him and try my best to make him（5） .Yes，I had to act like a big sister.At first，I was tired of this，since it wasn't an easy job to （6） a baby.
But one day，while we were playing in front of the mirror，I smiled at him and suddenly he （7） back.Melted by his cuteness，my heart was full of happiness.All my （8） was gone.Living with a baby wasn't always terrible.
I have gradually found that life is more（9） ever since his birth.I also realized how hard my parents must have worked when I was a kid.
The only﹣child days in my family are gone.I am starting an unforgettable journey in my life with my dear brother （10） .
（1）A.school B.factory C.library D.hospital
（2）A.like B.hate C.understand D.encourage
（3）A.helped B.supported C.congratulated D.praised
（4）A.no﹣child B.only﹣child C.two﹣child D.three﹣child
（5）A.sad B.happy C.bored D.tired
（6）A.look up B.look at C.look after D.look for
（7）A.smiled B.cried C.shouted D.roared
（8）A.illness B.tiredness C.carelessness D.kindness
（9）A.difficult B.convenient C.comfortable D.interesting
（10）A.excitedly B.unluckily C.terribly D.widely
三、阅读理解
3．（6分）When Einstein was 16，he always played with a group of mischievous kids.Because he was so busy playing，he didn't study enough and failed his final exam.One morning，when Einstein was holding a fishing rod and was about to go fishing with his friends，his father stopped him and said calmly， "Einstein，you're so fond of playing all day that you failed your exam.I'm worried about your future." "What are you worrying about？Jack and Robert also failed，but don't they still get to go fishing？"
"My boy，you can't think like that，" his dad said. "There is a fable（寓言故事）that people tell in our hometown.Listen to it now."
"There were two cats playing on a roof.One cat got caught off guard and fell down the chimney（烟囱）while holding the other cat.When the two cats climbed out of the chimney，one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face，while the other cat's face was clean.Seeing the soot﹣faced cat，the clean cat thought its face must be dirty，so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face.The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street."
"Einstein，no one can be your 'mirror'.You have to think for yourself.If you take your cues from others，you will never learn."
Hearing this，Einstein laid down his fishing rod and returned to his room.He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.This allowed him to be successful.
（1）What do we know from the fable？
A.The clean eat didn't wash its face.
B.Both cats made the wrong decision.
C.The soot﹣faced cat washed its face clean.
D.The soot﹣faced cat couldn't be a mirror.
（2）What does the underlined word "swaggered" show？
A.The cat ran out very quickly.
B.The cat felt very confident.
C.The cat felt he was just a fool.
D.The cat laughed at the other cat.
（3）What lesson did Einstein learn from his father？
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.There are no shortcuts to success.
C.A genius is one step away from becoming a fool.
D.Don't look to others when deciding how to behave.
4．（8分）Maria Montessori is a famous Italian educationalist，whose method of teaching has influenced people all over the world.
Born in Italy in 1870，Montessori became the first woman doctor in her country after she graduated from medical school in 1896.Later，working with poor children，she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.The rooms were bright and colorful.This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.
Maria thought that children must be free to learn without being criticized（批评）or limited.She let the children make their own choice of what they wanted to do and work with their own speed，not the rest of the class or the teacher.As a result，children enjoy learning and this gives them confidence and makes them happy.The Montessori Method also teaches children skills to help them become independent.Very young children learn to dress themselves，to cook and to put their toys and clothes away.It's a way of teaching which encourages children to learn by doing and experimenting.Children are encouraged to repeat activities as often as they wish，and they develop their observation（观察）skills by doing different activities.
In addition，the Montessori Method thinks that teacher is a guide，not a leader of the classroom，helping to open students' eyes to wonder around them.
A typical room in a Montessori school has many things children can use.The furniture is light so they can arrange it as they wish.Because the environment offers many activities，children like to work together and they develop a social life based on cooperation（合作）rather than competition.
Maria Montessori travelled around the world to train teachers to use her method.In 1950，she received the World Peace Education Badges.
（1）How old was Montessori when she became a doctor？
A.24.
B.25.
C.26.
D.27.
（2）What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.Italy.
B.A children's house.
C.Medical school.
D.Montessori Method.
（3）Which of the following is NOT the idea of the Montessori Method？
A.The teacher is not a leader but a guide.
B.Make children repeat the same activity every day.
C.Help children become more independent.
D.Encourage children to learn by themselves.
（4）According to the passage，what's the correct order of the following statements？
a.The Montessori Method was formed.
b.Maria Montessori was born in Italy.
c.Maria Montessori set up a "children's house" in Rome.
d.Maria Montessori graduated from a medical school.
e.Maria Montessori received the World Peace Education Badges.
A.b﹣a﹣e﹣c﹣d.
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c﹣e.
C.b﹣d﹣c﹣a﹣e.
D.b﹣a﹣c﹣d﹣e.
5．（8分）"What's the name of our neighbour？1 can't remember right now．" Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this？Usually，we think older people's memories become bad because their brains get weak，but a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a different idea．
"The human brain works slower in old age，" said lead scientist Michael Ramscar， "but only because they have stored more information over time．"
The findings are based on a series of computer simulations（模拟）of learning and memory．Scientists let the computers read a certain amount of words and learn new things each day．When the computer "reads" only so much，its performance on cognitive（认知）tests is similar to that of a young adult．But if the computer learned the experiences we might have over a lifetime，its performance is similar to that of an older adult．
Often it was slower because increased "experience" had caused the computer's database（数据库）to grow，giving it more data to process﹣which takes time．This is similar to old people．Imagine a person knows two people's birthdays．Another person knows the birthdays of 2，000 people，but can only match the right person to the right birthday nine times out of 10．Can you say the first person has a better memory than the second person？
The basic idea is that "The larger the library you have in your head，the longer it usually takes to find a particular word．" Benedict Carey，a science reporter，wrote in an article about the study．
（1）Why did the writer use a question at the beginning？
A．To attract readers' attention to the topic．
B．To invite the readers to answer the question．
C．To prove that older people have bad memories．
D．To encourage readers to think of their neighbours．
（2）How did the scientists do their research？
A．They interviewed all the old people of their neighbours．
B．They followed the experiences of a group of old people．
C．They asked both young and old people the same questions．
D．They used computers to simulate human learning and memory．
（3）According to the research，why do old people forget other people's names easily？
A．Because they have a very poor memory．
B．Because they are too old to remember things．
C．Because their brains become weaker than before．
D．Because they have too much information in their brains．
（4）What would be the best title for the story？
A．Is it Better to Be Old or Young
B．Human Brain's Processing Ability．
C．Do Old People Have Poor Memories？
D．Scientists' New Findings on Brains．
6．（8分）Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing.Lifts can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes.The following is the price table of the lift tickets.
LIFT TICKETS
Tourists Weekday （open to close） Weekend （open to close） Night （ 3 p.m.to 10 p.m.）
Adult （Ages 19 to 60） ＄48 ＄55 ＄34
Young Man （Ages 18 & under） ＄37 ￥41 ￥34
Child （46 cm tall & under） FREE FREE FREE
College Student （College ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Soldier （Active Duty ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Elders （Ages 60 to 69） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Super Elders （Ages 70+） FREE FREE FREE
*proof（证明）of age needed
Lift Hours Monday ﹣﹣ Friday：9 a.m. ﹣ 10 p.m. Weekend：8 a.m. ＝ 10 p.m. Christmas Day：Noon ﹣ 5 p.m.
（1）If a child of 42 cm tall takes the lift with his 18﹣year﹣old brother on Thursday morning，they will pay .
A. ＄41
B. ＄48
C. ＄37
D. ＄74
（2）As a college student，how can you buy a lift ticket at a lower price？
A.By telling the name of your college.
B.By showing your college ID.
C.By giving your phone number.
D.By showing your Active Duty ID.
（3）Tourists take the lift at to the top of the mountain on Christmas Day.
A.8 a.m.
B.4 p.m.
C.9 a.m.
D.10 p.m.
（4）Where can you probably find this passage？
A.A geography textbook.
B.A travel pamphlet.
C.A photo album.
D.An art magazine.
四、阅读填空
7．（5分）Are you bored with your daily life？Here are some things you should try before you are 18，because after that it's too late!
（1） If you don't have a garden，find a friend who has one!You will need a small tent，sleeping bags and warm clothes.You can have a nice picnic and play games until it gets dark.Then what activities can you do at night？ （2） You will need a flashlight or it might get a bit scary.
Learn to swim.Seriously，this is so important because it could save your life.If you can't swim well，you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing or surfing. （3） .So make sure you do it.
Try at least one kind of team sport，Being a good team player is a skill in life.In the games you'll learn how important it is to work well with other people. （4） Yes，they keep you healthy and they are great fun.Teams usually have a good social life，too.You will go to lots of parties and make many friends.
Write your family tree.（5） .And try to find more information about their young ages.Draw a family tree and make notes about each person so that you won't forget.
A.Camp out in the garden with your friends. B.Are there any other advantages of team sports？ C .Get to know all the older people in your family. D.You can tell ghost stories and eat all your sweets. E.Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you.
五、语篇填词
8．（5分）The life people live today is quite different from that in the past.There is no （1）d that the modern car has changed people's life a great deal.Before the invention of the car，people had to travel by rail，on horseback or by horse﹣drawn carriage，or on foot.Using horses for traveling was slow and certainly，walking was even slower.Cars allow people to spend（2）l time travelling long distances.Cars also（3）s an enormous（巨大的）problem caused by using horses for transport in cities：manure（粪）!There were so many horses in large cities that it was almost impossible to get rid of the manure.This could easily drive people（4）m .In most people's（5）m ，cars cause pollution，but the first cars actually made cities cleaner!
六、完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
9．（2分）杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥。
Jerry in order to lose weight.
10．（2分）对孩子们来说，多吃蔬菜少吃肉是有好处的．
good for children more vegetables and less meat．
11．（2分）好漂亮的裙子啊！在哪儿买的？
dress it is!Where did you buy it？
12．（2分）我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信。
My best friend asked me if I her.
13．（2分）不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人。
Never those in trouble.
七、书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
14．（15分）假如你是李华，你的好朋友Jenna不久前参加达人秀节目被淘汰，她受这次失败所困扰，情绪低落，无心向学。请你给她写一封信，结合以下要点给她提建议：
注意：1.字数：80词左右（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Dear Jenna，
I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling down because of your failure in this talent show.I'd like to________.
I hope you will get better soon.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
2021-2022学年广东省广州十八中九年级（上）期中英语试卷（参考答案含解析）
一、语法填空
1．（15分）A long time ago，some farmers lived in a small village．And there was a farmer（1） A had four sons．The farmer raised the four boys on his own．He hoped that his sons could learn not （2） D opinions about things too quickly．So he gave his four sons （3） A question in turn asking them to go to see a pear tree at a distance in different seasons．The sons promised they would not let their father （4） D ．
The first son（5） A out in the winter，the second in the spring，the third in the summer，and the youngest in the autumn．
One year passed．When all of them returned home，the farmer called them together to describe（6） B they had seen．
The first son said the tree was（7） A ，bent and distorted．It wasn't worth seeing at all．And it seemed that it wouldn't bear any fruit，（8） C ．
The second son said it was not like that．but the tree was covered（9） D green buds and made people feel full of hope．
The third son disagreed，saying that it was full of flowers which smelled so sweet and （10） C so
beautiful．And he had never seen such beautiful scene that everyone would love it．
The last son disagreed with all of them，saying that it （11） D with fruit，full of life and content．People
would be satisfied with it．
At last，the four sons' eyes were fixed（12） C their father．The father smiled．Then he told his four
sons that（13） D they were all correct，they only saw the tree in one season．He told his sons that（14） C could not judge a tree or a person only by one season，and that the essence of a person could only be measured when all the seasons （15） D over．
If you just give up in winter，you will miss the hope of spring，the beauty of
summer and the harvest of autumn in your life．
1．A．who B．what． C．which D．/
2．A．give B．gave C．giving D．to give
3．A．a B．an C．the D．/
4．A．up B．on C．off D．down
5．A．set B．sets C．has set D．have set
6．A．how B．what C．that D．why
7．A．awful B．more awful C．awfully D．more awfully
8．A．also B．too C．either D．neither
9．A．in B．on C．of D．with
10．A．look B．looks C．looked D．was looking
11．A．fills B．filled C．is filled D．was filled
12．A．to B．up C．on D．with
13．A．if B．so C．but D．although
14．A．he B．him C．they D．them
15．A．is B．are C．was D．were．
【分析】文章大意
文章主要讲述的是一则小故事，老人的四个儿子在四个不同的季节去观察同一棵梨树，他们四个人观察到了四种不同的现象．虽然他们看到的都是真的，但是每个人说的又各不相同，由此告诉我们看事物要看的全面．
【解答】1．A，考查从句引导词辨析，had four sons有四个儿子，由此可知用who来引导定语从句，同时在从句中做主语，选择A．
2．D，考查动词辨析，He hoped that his sons could learn他希望儿子能够学习…固定搭配为learn to do sth表示学习做某事，选择D．
3．A，考查冠词辨析，question问题，由句意可知此处是在说一个问题，泛指，question以辅音音节开头，用不定冠词a，选择A．
4．D，考查形容词辨析，The sons promised they would not let their father 儿子们承诺不会让父亲…上文提到父亲希望他们学会，由此推测是不让父亲失望，let sb down表示让某人失望，选择D．
5．A，考查动词辨析，in the winter冬天，由上下文可知是冬天出发，set out表示出发，故事发生在过去，用过去时，选择A．
6．B，考查从句引导词辨析，they had seen他们看见的，由此可知此处表达的是看到了什么，用what来引导宾语从句，选择B．
7．A，考查形容词辨析，bent and distorted弯曲的，扭曲的，由此可知这个儿子看到的树应该是糟糕的，awful是形容词，可直接放在系动词之后，选择A．
8．C，考查副词辨析，And it seemed that it wouldn't bear any fruit他不能承受任何水果，前面提到那棵树看起来很糟糕，由此可以推测此处说明的是除了看起来糟糕，它也不能结果，在否定句中用either表示也，选择C．
9．D，考查介词辨析，green buds绿芽，由此可以推测是树上被绿芽覆盖，cover with表示覆盖，选择D．
10．C，考查动词辨析，so beautiful如此漂亮，由此可知是看起来，故事发生在过去，用过去时，选择C．
11．D，考查动词辨析，fruit水果，由此可以推测是树上结满了水果，be filled with表示充满，故事发生在过去，用过去时，选择D．
12．C，考查介词辨析，their father他们的父亲，由此可知是看向他们的父亲，fix on表示把…集中在…由此确定选择C．
13．D，考查连词辨析，they were all correct，they only saw the tree in one season你们说的都对，只看到了一个季节的现象，两个句子含义发生转折，but和although都可以表示转折，但but不能用在句首没选择D．
14．C，考查代词辨析，He told his sons他告诉他的儿子们，是复数，由此可知此处用they来表示他的四个儿子，选择C．
15．D，考查系动词辨析，could not judge a tree or a person only by one season，and that the essence of a person could only be measured when all the seasons不能凭一个季度的现象去下结论，应该等到四个季节…由此可知是全都结束的时候，be over表示结束，由于发生在过去，所用过去时，选择D．
二、完形填空
2．（10分）The weather was fine，but it didn't make me feel better.On my way to the （1） D where my mother was staying，I was so worried about her.
Rushing into the sickroom，I saw my mother lying on the bed in a mess，and in her arms a little baby was crying.Then I noticed my little brother.Seeing him，I thought everything was just like a dream.I didn't （2） A him.
Everyone（3） C me on the birth of my little brother，but I didn't feel joyful.I couldn't imagine living with a baby.Anyway，another new chapter（篇章）of my life in a（4） C family began.
Every morning，I would be woken up by his crying.Then I had to play with him and try my best to make him（5） B .Yes，I had to act like a big sister.At first，I was tired of this，since it wasn't an easy job to （6） C a baby.
But one day，while we were playing in front of the mirror，I smiled at him and suddenly he （7） A back.Melted by his cuteness，my heart was full of happiness.All my （8） B was gone.Living with a baby wasn't always terrible.
I have gradually found that life is more（9） D ever since his birth.I also realized how hard my parents must have worked when I was a kid.
The only﹣child days in my family are gone.I am starting an unforgettable journey in my life with my dear brother （10） A .
（1）A.school B.factory C.library D.hospital
（2）A.like B.hate C.understand D.encourage
（3）A.helped B.supported C.congratulated D.praised
（4）A.no﹣child B.only﹣child C.two﹣child D.three﹣child
（5）A.sad B.happy C.bored D.tired
（6）A.look up B.look at C.look after D.look for
（7）A.smiled B.cried C.shouted D.roared
（8）A.illness B.tiredness C.carelessness D.kindness
（9）A.difficult B.convenient C.comfortable D.interesting
（10）A.excitedly B.unluckily C.terribly D.widely
【分析】本文主要介绍了作者在自己的弟弟出生以后所发生的心态的转变过程。
【解答】（1）名词辨析。A.school学校；B.factory工厂；C.library图书馆；D.hospital医院。根据I was so worried about her.（我很担心她。）可推知，妈妈应该是住院了。句意：在去我妈妈住的医院的路上，我很担心她。故选D。
（2）动词辨析。A.like喜欢；B.hate讨厌；C.understand明白，理解；D.encourage鼓励。根据下文I didn't feel joyful.（我没有感到快乐。）可知，作者并不喜欢弟弟。句意：我不喜欢他。故选A。
（3）动词辨析。A.helped（帮助）；B.supported支持；C.congratulated祝贺；D.praised赞美，表扬。根据the birth of my little brother（我弟弟的出生）可知，大家都祝贺作者有个小弟弟。句意：每个人都祝贺我小弟弟的出生，但我并不感到高兴。故选C。
（4）形容词辨析。A.no﹣child没有孩子的；B.only﹣child独生子女的；C.two﹣child二孩的；D.three﹣child三孩的。根据前文可知，这个家有作者和新出生的弟弟，所以是二孩家庭。句意：总之，我在一个两个孩子的家庭里开始了人生的另一个新篇章。故选C。
（5）形容词辨析。A.sad悲伤的；B.happy高兴的；C.bored枯燥的；D.tired疲惫的。根据play with him（和他玩）可知，是为了逗他开心。句意：然后我必须和他一起玩，尽力我让他高兴。故选B。
（6）动词短语辨析。A.look up查阅；B.look at看；C.look after照顾；D.look for寻找。根据句意结合选项可知，是照顾弟弟。句意：起初，我对此感到疲惫，因为照顾一个婴儿不是一件容易的工作。故选C。
（7）动词辨析。A.smiled微笑；B.cried哭；C.shouted大叫；D.roared咆哮。根据I smiled at him（我朝他笑了笑）可知，小弟弟也对作者笑了笑。句意：但是有一天，当我们在镜子前玩的时候，我对他笑了笑，突然他也对我笑了笑。故选A。
（8）名词辨析。A.illness疾病；B.tiredness疲劳；C.carelessness粗心；D.kindness善良。根据前文I was tired of this（我对此感到疲惫）可知，看到小弟弟对自己笑，应该是疲惫一扫而空。句意：我所有的疲倦都消失了。故选B。
（9）形容词辨析。A.difficult困难的；B.convenient方便的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.interesting有趣的。根据上文Living with a baby wasn't always terrible.（和孩子一起生活并不总是糟糕的。）可知，作者觉得生活变得有趣了。句意：自从他出生以后，我渐渐发现生活变得更有趣了。故选D。
（10）副词辨析。A.excitedly兴奋地，激动地；B.unluckily不幸地；C.terribly糟糕地；D.widely普遍地。根据unforgettable journey（难忘的旅程）可知，是激动地开始新生活。句意：我兴奋地和我亲爱的弟弟开始了一段难忘的人生旅程。故选A。
三、阅读理解
3．（6分）When Einstein was 16，he always played with a group of mischievous kids.Because he was so busy playing，he didn't study enough and failed his final exam.One morning，when Einstein was holding a fishing rod and was about to go fishing with his friends，his father stopped him and said calmly， "Einstein，you're so fond of playing all day that you failed your exam.I'm worried about your future." "What are you worrying about？Jack and Robert also failed，but don't they still get to go fishing？"
"My boy，you can't think like that，" his dad said. "There is a fable（寓言故事）that people tell in our hometown.Listen to it now."
"There were two cats playing on a roof.One cat got caught off guard and fell down the chimney（烟囱）while holding the other cat.When the two cats climbed out of the chimney，one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face，while the other cat's face was clean.Seeing the soot﹣faced cat，the clean cat thought its face must be dirty，so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face.The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street."
"Einstein，no one can be your 'mirror'.You have to think for yourself.If you take your cues from others，you will never learn."
Hearing this，Einstein laid down his fishing rod and returned to his room.He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.This allowed him to be successful.
（1）What do we know from the fable？ B
A.The clean eat didn't wash its face.
B.Both cats made the wrong decision.
C.The soot﹣faced cat washed its face clean.
D.The soot﹣faced cat couldn't be a mirror.
（2）What does the underlined word "swaggered" show？ B
A.The cat ran out very quickly.
B.The cat felt very confident.
C.The cat felt he was just a fool.
D.The cat laughed at the other cat.
（3）What lesson did Einstein learn from his father？ D
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.There are no shortcuts to success.
C.A genius is one step away from becoming a fool.
D.Don't look to others when deciding how to behave.
【分析】本文主要讲述了爱因斯坦小时候非常贪玩，以至于考试不及格，他的父亲给他讲了三只小猫的故事，让他意识到自己做什么没必要看别人是怎么做的，最后取得成功。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Seeing the soot﹣faced cat，the clean cat thought its face must be dirty，so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face.The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street.（脸上很干净的小猫看到脸上脏兮兮的小猫后，认为自己脸上也脏兮兮的，所以去河边洗脸。而脸上脏兮兮的小猫看到脸上很干净的小猫后认为自己脸上也是很干净的，所以就在街上大摇大摆地走着。）可知，两只小猫都做出了错误的决定。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据The soot﹣faced cat saw the clean﹣faced cat and thought its face was also clean，so it just swaggered down the street.（脸上脏兮兮的小猫看到脸上很干净的小猫后认为自己脸上也是很干净的，所以在街上......。）可以推测，脸上脏兮兮的小猫上街应该是对自己很自信的，所以swaggered为类似意思。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据Hearing this，Einstein laid down his fishing rod and returned to his room.He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.This allowed him to be successful.（听到这里，爱因斯坦放下钓竿，回到了自己的房间。他决定把更多的注意力放在学习上，少去注意他的朋友们在做什么。这让他成功了。）可知，爱因斯坦听完这个故事后，决定多关注学习，少关注他的朋友们在做什么，即在决定如何做的时候，不要看别人。故选D。
4．（8分）Maria Montessori is a famous Italian educationalist，whose method of teaching has influenced people all over the world.
Born in Italy in 1870，Montessori became the first woman doctor in her country after she graduated from medical school in 1896.Later，working with poor children，she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.The rooms were bright and colorful.This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.
Maria thought that children must be free to learn without being criticized（批评）or limited.She let the children make their own choice of what they wanted to do and work with their own speed，not the rest of the class or the teacher.As a result，children enjoy learning and this gives them confidence and makes them happy.The Montessori Method also teaches children skills to help them become independent.Very young children learn to dress themselves，to cook and to put their toys and clothes away.It's a way of teaching which encourages children to learn by doing and experimenting.Children are encouraged to repeat activities as often as they wish，and they develop their observation（观察）skills by doing different activities.
In addition，the Montessori Method thinks that teacher is a guide，not a leader of the classroom，helping to open students' eyes to wonder around them.
A typical room in a Montessori school has many things children can use.The furniture is light so they can arrange it as they wish.Because the environment offers many activities，children like to work together and they develop a social life based on cooperation（合作）rather than competition.
Maria Montessori travelled around the world to train teachers to use her method.In 1950，she received the World Peace Education Badges.
（1）How old was Montessori when she became a doctor？ C
A.24.
B.25.
C.26.
D.27.
（2）What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ B
A.Italy.
B.A children's house.
C.Medical school.
D.Montessori Method.
（3）Which of the following is NOT the idea of the Montessori Method？ B
A.The teacher is not a leader but a guide.
B.Make children repeat the same activity every day.
C.Help children become more independent.
D.Encourage children to learn by themselves.
（4）According to the passage，what's the correct order of the following statements？ C
a.The Montessori Method was formed.
b.Maria Montessori was born in Italy.
c.Maria Montessori set up a "children's house" in Rome.
d.Maria Montessori graduated from a medical school.
e.Maria Montessori received the World Peace Education Badges.
A.b﹣a﹣e﹣c﹣d.
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c﹣e.
C.b﹣d﹣c﹣a﹣e.
D.b﹣a﹣c﹣d﹣e.
【分析】本文主要介绍了玛丽亚 蒙台梭利是意大利著名教育学家，教育方法影响全世界人。作为意大利第一个女医生，她建立了"儿童之家"发展教育方法，以一种指导的方法鼓励孩子发展学会合作，培养技能精神。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据Born in Italy in 1870，Montessori became the first woman doctor in her country after she graduated from medical school in 1896.（蒙台梭利于1870年出生于意大利，1896年从医学院毕业后成为意大利首位女医生。）可推知，当医生时她1896﹣1870＝26岁。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Later，working with poor children，she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.The rooms were bright and colorful.This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.（后来，为了帮助贫困儿童，她于1907年在罗马建立了"儿童之家"。房间明亮多彩。在这里，她发展了蒙台梭利方法，形成于1908﹣1913年。）可知，划线词指代的是a "Children's house"。故选B。
（3）细节判断题。根据Children are encouraged to repeat activities as often as they wish，and they develop their observation（观察）skills by doing different activities.（鼓励孩子们尽可能多地重复活动，通过做不同的活动来培养他们的观察能力。）可知，是做不同的活动。B选项"让孩子每天重复同样的活动。"表述错误。故选B。
（4）文章排序题。根据she set up a "Children's house" in Rome in 1907.（1907年，她在罗马建立了"儿童之家"。）以及This was the place where she developed the Montessori Method，which was formed during 1908﹣1913.（在这里，她发展了蒙台梭利方法，形成于1908﹣1913年。）可知，先建立儿童之家，后发展教育方法，c在a前，用排除法。故选C。
5．（8分）"What's the name of our neighbour？1 can't remember right now．" Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this？Usually，we think older people's memories become bad because their brains get weak，but a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a different idea．
"The human brain works slower in old age，" said lead scientist Michael Ramscar， "but only because they have stored more information over time．"
The findings are based on a series of computer simulations（模拟）of learning and memory．Scientists let the computers read a certain amount of words and learn new things each day．When the computer "reads" only so much，its performance on cognitive（认知）tests is similar to that of a young adult．But if the computer learned the experiences we might have over a lifetime，its performance is similar to that of an older adult．
Often it was slower because increased "experience" had caused the computer's database（数据库）to grow，giving it more data to process﹣which takes time．This is similar to old people．Imagine a person knows two people's birthdays．Another person knows the birthdays of 2，000 people，but can only match the right person to the right birthday nine times out of 10．Can you say the first person has a better memory than the second person？
The basic idea is that "The larger the library you have in your head，the longer it usually takes to find a particular word．" Benedict Carey，a science reporter，wrote in an article about the study．
（1）Why did the writer use a question at the beginning？ A
A．To attract readers' attention to the topic．
B．To invite the readers to answer the question．
C．To prove that older people have bad memories．
D．To encourage readers to think of their neighbours．
（2）How did the scientists do their research？ D
A．They interviewed all the old people of their neighbours．
B．They followed the experiences of a group of old people．
C．They asked both young and old people the same questions．
D．They used computers to simulate human learning and memory．
（3）According to the research，why do old people forget other people's names easily？ D
A．Because they have a very poor memory．
B．Because they are too old to remember things．
C．Because their brains become weaker than before．
D．Because they have too much information in their brains．
（4）What would be the best title for the story？ C
A．Is it Better to Be Old or Young
B．Human Brain's Processing Ability．
C．Do Old People Have Poor Memories？
D．Scientists' New Findings on Brains．
【分析】本文主要是介绍了一些关于老年人的记忆力的知识．
【解答】（1）A．推断题．根据" What's the name of our neighbour？"以及" Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this sometimes？"在文章的开头就用几个疑问句，这是一种写作手法，主要是为了引起读者的注意力，让读者很想知道下文的内容，故选A．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据"The findings are based on a series of computer simulations（模拟）of learning and memory．Scientists let the computers read a certain amount of words and learn new things each day．"可知科学家是通过使用计算机来模拟人类的学习和记忆来做实验的．故选D．
（3）D．细节理解题．根据"But only because they have stored more information overtime "可知是由于储存的东西太多，所以老年人很容易忘记别人的名字，故选D．
（4）C．标题归纳题．根据"Usually we think that older people's memory becomes bad because their brains get weak．But now a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a new idea． "可德国的科学家们从一个新的角度，解释了老年人记忆力下降的原因，并不是由不好的记忆力导致的，选"老人的记忆不好吗？"故选C．
6．（8分）Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing.Lifts can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes.The following is the price table of the lift tickets.
LIFT TICKETS
Tourists Weekday （open to close） Weekend （open to close） Night （ 3 p.m.to 10 p.m.）
Adult （Ages 19 to 60） ＄48 ＄55 ＄34
Young Man （Ages 18 & under） ＄37 ￥41 ￥34
Child （46 cm tall & under） FREE FREE FREE
College Student （College ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Soldier （Active Duty ID needed） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Elders （Ages 60 to 69） ＄38 ＄49 ＄34
Super Elders （Ages 70+） FREE FREE FREE
*proof（证明）of age needed
Lift Hours Monday ﹣﹣ Friday：9 a.m. ﹣ 10 p.m. Weekend：8 a.m. ＝ 10 p.m. Christmas Day：Noon ﹣ 5 p.m.
（1）If a child of 42 cm tall takes the lift with his 18﹣year﹣old brother on Thursday morning，they will pay C .
A. ＄41
B. ＄48
C. ＄37
D. ＄74
（2）As a college student，how can you buy a lift ticket at a lower price？ B
A.By telling the name of your college.
B.By showing your college ID.
C.By giving your phone number.
D.By showing your Active Duty ID.
（3）Tourists take the lift at B to the top of the mountain on Christmas Day.
A.8 a.m.
B.4 p.m.
C.9 a.m.
D.10 p.m.
（4）Where can you probably find this passage？ B
A.A geography textbook.
B.A travel pamphlet.
C.A photo album.
D.An art magazine.
【分析】材料是旅游小册中的景点以及票价等信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据表格第五行第二列可知42厘米的孩子不需要收费；而第四行第二列可知成年人收费37美元。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据原文College Student（College ID needed）可知可出出示学生卡。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据原文Christmas Day：Noon ﹣ 5 p.m.（圣诞节：中午至下午5时）可知圣诞当天的下午四点。故选B。
（4）文章出处题。根据原文Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing.Lifts can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes.The following is the price table of the lift tickets.（肖尼山是滑雪的好地方。电梯可以帮助游客在3分钟内到达山顶。以下是电梯票价表。）可知出自于旅游小册。故选B。
四、阅读填空
7．（5分）Are you bored with your daily life？Here are some things you should try before you are 18，because after that it's too late!
（1） A If you don't have a garden，find a friend who has one!You will need a small tent，sleeping bags and warm clothes.You can have a nice picnic and play games until it gets dark.Then what activities can you do at night？ （2） D You will need a flashlight or it might get a bit scary.
Learn to swim.Seriously，this is so important because it could save your life.If you can't swim well，you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing or surfing. （3） E .So make sure you do it.
Try at least one kind of team sport，Being a good team player is a skill in life.In the games you'll learn how important it is to work well with other people. （4） B Yes，they keep you healthy and they are great fun.Teams usually have a good social life，too.You will go to lots of parties and make many friends.
Write your family tree.（5） C .And try to find more information about their young ages.Draw a family tree and make notes about each person so that you won't forget.
A.Camp out in the garden with your friends. B.Are there any other advantages of team sports？ C .Get to know all the older people in your family. D.You can tell ghost stories and eat all your sweets. E.Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you.
【分析】本文主要介绍了在18岁之前应该尝试的一些事情。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）A。根据后句"If you don't have a garden，find a friend who has one"如果你没有花园，找一个有花园的朋友。结合选项，A项：和你的朋友们在花园里露营，符合语境。故选：A。
（2）D。根据前句"Then what activities can you do at night"那么你晚上可以做什么活动呢？结合选项，D项：你可以讲鬼故事，吃你所有的糖果，符合语境。故选：D。
（3）E。根据前句"If you can't swim well，you won't be able to do water sports like waterskiing or surfing"如果你不会游泳，你就不能进行滑水或冲浪等水上运动。结合选项，E项：即使乘船旅行对你来说也是危险的，符合语境。故选：E。
（4）B。根据前句"In the games you'll learn how important it is to work well with other people"在游戏中，你会学到与他人良好合作的重要性。结合选项，B项：团队运动还有其他的优点吗？符合语境。故选：B。
（5）C。根据前句" Write your family tree"写下你的家谱。结合选项，C项：认识你家里所有的长辈，符合语境。故选：C。
五、语篇填词
8．（5分）The life people live today is quite different from that in the past.There is no （1）d oubt that the modern car has changed people's life a great deal.Before the invention of the car，people had to travel by rail，on horseback or by horse﹣drawn carriage，or on foot.Using horses for traveling was slow and certainly，walking was even slower.Cars allow people to spend（2）l ess time travelling long distances.Cars also（3）s olve an enormous（巨大的）problem caused by using horses for transport in cities：manure（粪）!There were so many horses in large cities that it was almost impossible to get rid of the manure.This could easily drive people（4）m ad .In most people's（5）m ind ，cars cause pollution，but the first cars actually made cities cleaner!
【分析】本文主要讲述了今天人们的生活与过去大不相同。毫无疑问，现代汽车极大地改变了人们的生活。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，现代汽车极大地改变了人们的生活。根据句意，可知There is no doubt that"毫无疑问"符合句意。故答案为：doubt。
（2）考查比较级。句意：汽车使人们花在长途旅行上的时间减少了。根据前文讲述"用马旅行很慢，当然，走路更慢"，可知汽车使人们花在长途旅行上的时间减少了，更少的"less"为little的比较级。故答案为：less。
（3）考查动词。句意：汽车还解决了在城市中使用马来运输所带来的一个巨大问题：粪肥！根据an enormous（巨大的）problem和句意，结合首字母，可知为solve"解决"，根据文章时态，可知为一般现在时，主语为cars，故用solve。故答案为：solve。
（4）考查形容词。句意：这很容易让人发疯。根据前文讲述"在大城市里有这么多的马，几乎不可能清除粪便"，结合首字母，可知为mad"疯狂的"，drive sb mad"使某人发疯"。故答案为：mad。
（5）考查名词。句意：在大多数人的心目中，汽车造成污染，但第一辆汽车实际上使城市更清洁！根据句意和首字母，可知为mind"心思"，为不可数名词。故答案为：mind。
六、完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
9．（2分）杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥。
Jerry is keeping a diet in order to lose weight.
【分析】杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥。
【解答】根据汉语提示"杰瑞正在节食，目的是减肥"，考虑用固定短语keep a diet，意为"节食"，由本句为现在进行时，考虑填其"be+动词﹣ing"形式。
故填：is keeping a diet。
10．（2分）对孩子们来说，多吃蔬菜少吃肉是有好处的．
It's good for children to eat more vegetables and less meat．
【分析】It's good for children to eat more vegetables and less meat．
【解答】分析句子，这里考查固定句式it is adj． for sb． to do，吃eat。
故答案为：It's；to eat。
11．（2分）好漂亮的裙子啊！在哪儿买的？
What a beautiful dress it is!Where did you buy it？
【分析】What a beautiful dress it is!Where did you buy it？
【解答】答案：What a beautiful
根据句意，这是一个感叹句．其构成是How+形容词+主语+谓语！What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语！在句中dress 是可数名词单数，故答案为what a beautiful．
12．（2分）我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信。
My best friend asked me if I heard from her.
【分析】我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信。
【解答】根据汉语提示"我好朋友问我有没有收到她的来信"，考虑用固定短语hear from，意为"收到某人的来信"，由上文的asked考虑此处也填其过去式形式。
故填：heard from。
13．（2分）不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人。
Never laugh at those in trouble.
【分析】不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人。
【解答】根据汉语提示"不要嘲笑陷入麻烦的人"，考虑用固定短语laugh at，意为"嘲笑"，由祈使句考虑填动词原形形式。
故填：laugh at。
七、书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
14．（15分）假如你是李华，你的好朋友Jenna不久前参加达人秀节目被淘汰，她受这次失败所困扰，情绪低落，无心向学。请你给她写一封信，结合以下要点给她提建议：
注意：1.字数：80词左右（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Dear Jenna，
I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling down because of your failure in this talent show.I'd like to________.
I hope you will get better soon.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
But there is no need to take the result too seriously.但没有必要把结果看得太严重。
There is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事，固定句型；take seriously认真对待，固定搭配。
【高分句型二】
If you are really in a bad mood，I think you can try to talk with your parents，your teachers or your classmates.如果你真的心情不好，我认为你可以试着和你的父母，你的老师或你的同学谈谈。
这是一个主从复合句，if引导条件状语从句；主句中又包含宾语从句you can try to talk with your parents，your teachers or your classmates；try to do sth.尽量去做某事，固定搭配；talk with与…谈话，固定搭配。
【解答】Dear Jenna，
I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling down because of your failure in this talent show.I'd like to tell you my advice.（点题）
Talent shows may change teenagers' future.They give us the chances to show our talents，and give us a way to make our dreams come true.But there is no need to take the result too seriously.【高分句型一】It may not be good for teenagers to become famous too early.So don't care more about talent shows，just enjoy the process.In addition，there are many ways to success.For example，you can go to college to study music.You can also join a music club and show your talents.As a teenager，you should spend more time studying and developing your interests at the same time.If you are really in a bad mood，I think you can try to talk with your parents，your teachers or your classmates.【高分句型二】Maybe they will help you.（具体建议）
I hope you will get better soon.（希望）
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
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