2023届高考英语二轮复习：主谓一致课件 ( 15张ppt)

(共14张PPT)
考点三　主谓一致
微小说导入
1.语法一致原则
　　I ____(live) in Beijing，while my girlfriend ____(live) in Shanghai，and we ____(not) seen each other for a long time. To see her every day ____(be) my dream. What I want to do ____(be) give up my present job and work in her city. However，all my relatives except my uncle ____(object)to my idea. Someone ____(tell) me that it is not worthwhile to give up my job，which ____(bring) me 10,000 yuan every month. Many a person ____(think) it not wise to leave the city I am living in.
考点三　主谓一致
①根据主语的人称和数，来确定谓语动词的单复数。
1.语法一致原则
　　I live① in Beijing，while my girlfriend lives① in Shanghai，and we haven’t① seen each other for a long time. To see her every day is② my dream. What I want to do is③ give up my present job and work in her city. However，all my relatives except my uncle object to④ my idea. Someone tells⑤ me that it is not worthwhile to give up my job，which brings⑥ me 10,000 yuan every month. Many a person thinks⑦ it not wise to leave the city I am living in.
②主语是不定式或动名词短语，谓语动词用单数。
③主语是从句，谓语动词一般用单数。
④主语后面跟有with，together with，except，but，as well as，rather than，besides，including等短语时，谓语动词跟这些短语前面的主语一致。
⑤主语为someone，anyone，everyone等不定代词时，谓语动词往往用单数。
⑥定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
⑦“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
考点三　主谓一致
其他情况
Each and every student (have)a habit of reading in the morning.
主语前有each，every，no修饰时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
has
语法一致小结：
该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式则谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式则谓语动词用复数形式
2.意义一致原则
　　I have been on a diet for four months. Four months _____(be) not a short time. Though a large number of people _____(not) understand me，the majority of people around me _____(support) me. The old _____(consider) it unwise to go on a diet，but the young _____(admire) me. At first my family _____(be) worried about me，but now they think I can choose to do this as long as it doesn’t harm my health.
2.意义一致原则
　　I have been on a diet for four months. Four months is① not a short time.Though a large number of people don’t② understand me，the majority of people around me support③ me. The old consider④ it unwise to go on a diet，but the young admire④ me. At first my family were⑤ worried about me，but now they think I can choose to do this as long as it doesn’t harm my health.
①表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数形式，但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
②“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
③the majority of，the rest of，分数/百分数＋of＋名词，要根据名词的数或者是否可数来确定谓语动词的数。
④“the＋adj.”往往表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。
⑤family，group，team，class，government等集体名词，当表示集体意义，强调整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；当表示集体中各个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。
3.就近一致原则
　　There _____ （be）many girls having a taste for sweet food，but neither my sister nor I _____(be) interested in candies.
注释：①在there be，here be结构中，若有几个并列成分作主语，通常根据“就近一致”原则，即谓语动词的单复数要与离它最近的主语保持一致。②or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，通常根据“就近一致”原则，即谓语动词的单复数要与离它最近的主语保持一致。
are
am
1.用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人，同一事物，同一概念，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数。
如：The poet and writer _____(have) come.
那位诗人兼作家来了。(一个人)
A hammer and a saw _____ (be)useful tools.
锤子和锯都是有用的工具。(两个物体)
重难点精析
has
are
注意：用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如：bread and butter(黄油抹面包)，knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数
2.“形复意单”名词如：news；以-ics 结尾的学科名称如：physics，mathematics，economics；国名如：the United States；报纸名如：the New Times；书名如：Arabian Nights(《天方夜谭》)；以及the United Nations(联合国)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
单句语法填空
1.The teacher and poet often (give) lectures around the city.
2.I think Tom，rather than you (be) to blame for the incident；that is to say，you are innocent.
3.Nobody but Jim and Mike (be) on the playground now.
4.As far as I know，his family not very large but the family all music lovers.(be)
点对点练习
gives
is
is
is
are
5.The poor (be) looked down upon in the old days.
6.Neither his parents nor I (be) able to persuade him to change his mind.
7.Listening to loud music and rock concerts (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers so far.
8.Barbara is easy to recognize as she is the only one of the women who
(wear) evening dress.
were
am
has caused
wears
单句语法填空
1.The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history.It (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).
(2021·全国甲)
2.Going to Mount Huangshan (remind) me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
对接高考　技法指导
解题策略
was built
reminds
3.It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared，and a BMI of between 19 and 25 (consider) healthy.(2021·浙江1月)
4.Often，only a small part of a museum’s collection (be) on display.
Most of it is stored away or used for research.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
is considered
is
1.找准句子中的主语，看主语是单数还是复数。
2.牢记特殊用法的结构，用对谓语动词的数。
3.注意结合时态和语态。
技法指导
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