高中英语 玩转长难句(共63张PPT)

(共63张PPT)
玩转阅读理解---长难句
LEAD IN
俗话说，得阅读者得天下。在中高考中，阅读理解和书面表达占到很大的比重，约70分左右，占整个笔试成绩的60%以上。阅读和写作作为成绩的两个重要拉分项目，对中高考成绩起到决定性作用。我们通过精析历年真题、研 究解题规律，教会学生阅读和写作满分技巧，让学生跑赢中高考！
You are going to LEARN:
Topic：阅读理解长难句
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没方法
阅读印象？
得分低
读不懂
做不完
难
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长难句
长难句
1
何谓长难句
3
实战演练
2
长难句分析 方法
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长
难
考 点一 简单句
只有一套主语，谓语的句子叫简单句。
He is tall and likes playing football.
考 点二 并列句
考 点三 复合句
①名词性
从句
②形容词性从句(也叫定语从句)
③副词性从句(也叫状语从句)
同位语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
主语从句
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长难句分析
对句子理解
第一个层次是对句子本身含义的理解
第二个层次是对句子的弦外之音的感悟
语法分析
语义提取
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基本步骤
首先把长难句分解成若干个简单句;
找出连词和关系词;
分析
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语法分析
核心思想：提取主干（主语+谓语）
长难句分析
“If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “ Shakespeare, ” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William the Conqueror.”
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1）首先把长难句分解成若干个简单句;
“If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like ”Shakespeare, ” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William the Conqueror.”
基本步骤
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2）找出连词和关系词
“If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like ”Shakespeare, ” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William the Conqueror.”
基本步骤
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3）分析
“If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like ”Shakespeare, ” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William the Conqueror.”
基本步骤
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语义提取（方法）
从真题中选取有代表性的长难句，每篇文章找出1-2个；
将这些长难句收集到一起，打印或者抄写下来；
反复阅读，最好能够达到孰能成诵的程度。
Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.
practice
P2: 1、找主干2、连接词或关系词3、分析其他成分 Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned
as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.
practice
Consolidation
1、何谓长难句？
2、如何使句子变难？
3、长难句的分析方法或步骤？
practice
一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是主从复合句。
( 1 ) We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many student s raised money for them. 并列句
( 2 ) Having suffered a number of health problems, former Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona. 简单句
( 3 ) The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expands options.
实战演练
复合句
The beautiful and elegant lady who gave me the book I liked best and wanted very much was quickly walking into a hall which lies in the second floor of the building that was built one hundred years ago by the French people when I stopped her to ask her a question which confused me a lot when I was young. So she had to stop and answer my silly question which does not have to be answered because it was her duty to answer questions from any students who were studying in the university to make sure they would have a great achievement and relaxing school life.（108个单词）
It is one of many language books that are now flying off booksellers’ shelves.
　　
它是现在很畅销的许多外语书中的一本。
简析：比喻生动形象。
Picturing(Imagining) the future will serve the interests of the present and future generations.
设想未来有益于现在和将来的几代人。
简析：关键词picture活用为动词想象，设想。
other than 除了
one can can one 倒装
Until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.
直到有一天他在阿帕斯尔公园碰巧看见两个石制的十字架，他才懂得在1773年修建这两个十字架是为了向她表示敬意。
　　
简析：关键词come across碰巧遇见，in one’s honor纪念某人。
Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day.
　　
爸爸，急匆匆地在天黑之前赶回家，以便他能出去跑步，却忘记系安全带—这是75%的美国人每天犯的一个错误。
简析：关键词for a run去跑步。
Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.
牛顿被证明是一位很有才华的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，他也有普通人所特有的弱点。
简析：夹杂两个定语从句。
With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence, according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA) in salt Lake City.
　据盐湖城的ITA的观点，闪烁的棕色眼睛，摇着尾巴，并有无条件的爱心，狗能成为无判断力的(忠实的)听者，这是刚开始搞阅读的小孩所需要的。
简析：夹杂with构成的介词短语及过去分词短语。
We even have different word for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which Shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming. while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.
　　
我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家里准备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大吃大喝。
简析：含对比。
That day, she kept me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared. She saved my life .
We often play chess in the tea house when we are free on weekends. Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I ever got a chance to sit down.
But I also learned that a person—without any words—can reach out to another one. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch and an ear that listens.
Marcus Yallow, 17, from San Francisco is much more comfortable in front of a computer than obeying the rules of society. Smart, fast and wise to the ways of the networked world, he has no trouble outwitting his high school's monitoring(监控) system.
Increasingly, engineers are saying that robots are going to move out of research departments and into your panies including Sony and General Electric are working on designs for small robots. Products like the Roomba, a robot that can clean floors, are flying off the shelves.
It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.
由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。
　　简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词just about几乎;overtime超时地。
Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to go against the temptation.
On the whole, Brooks’ story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’ attempt to translate his tale into science.
Although there are some men who like children and may have had very rich experience with them, others do not specially care for children and spend little time with them.
【译文】尽管一些男人喜欢孩子且有大量与孩子相处的经验，但是很多父亲不会对孩子表示特别的关心，也很少与孩子相处。
2. It is believed by some writers that the change of the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must make to the mother's role
【译文】一些作家认为，尽管男人成为父亲这一角色的转变十分困难，却比不上妻子变成母亲的角色转变大。
3... This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning.
　　【译文】这通常发生在阅读遇到难题，或是我们的阅读期望与实际意义不符的时候。
4. There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is not to do with what is read but with how it is read.
　　【译文】在我们看来，另外一种对话同样重要，这种对话与读什么无关，却关系到怎么读。
　6. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household. 　　
【译文】然而，即使事实上在外工作的女性人数与日俱增，但多数人仍认为父亲才是真正养家糊口的人。
7. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on”a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many three turns to one side.
7. 【译文】他很快发现，四个月大的婴儿也能学会左右转头——如果之后接通光源，他们也的确能学会很复杂的转头动作，比如，左转两次或者右转两次，甚至能连续三次转向一侧。
Homework
请写出长难句分析的三个步骤。(共30分)
步骤一：
步骤二： 步骤三：
Homework
请写出长难句分析的三个步骤。(共30分)
步骤一：
首先把长难句分解成若干个简单句 步骤二：
找出连词和关系词; 步骤三：
分析。
Homework
Professor Reason recently persuaded 35 people to keep a diary of all their absent- minded actions for two weeks. When he came to analyse their embarrassing errors, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groups.
1.请划出这两句话的主干部分。
2.请按照长难句分析的三个步骤，分别分析这两句话。
①
②
Homework
Professor Reason recently persuaded 35 people to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for two weeks. When he came to analyse their embarrassing errors, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groups.
1.请划出这两句话的主干部分。
Professor Reason persuaded 35 people to keep a diary , he was surprised .