2023届高考英语二轮复习：完形填空（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2023届高考英语二轮复习：完形填空（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 55.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-22 21:50:11 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
（3）完形填空—2023届高考英语一轮复习揭秘高考原题【全国卷】
一、高考原题
1.（1022年全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 1 was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with 2 . When I first dated Steve, I 3 he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was 4 that he was an animal lover, I 5 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 , the cat.
The next week we 7 our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our 8 . Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing(求婚) I liked him too. But so 9 He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him.
We 11 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her 12 . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 14 his house. All worked 15 . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 16 Flora's space; Steve and I formed a good team 17 for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my 18 , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel(跪) down, nor did I 19 him to. That's only for giving 20 to the dogs that brought us together.
1. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
2. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
3. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
4. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
5. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
6. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
7. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
8. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
9. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
10. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment
11. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
12. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
13. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
14. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
15. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free
16. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
17. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
18. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage
19. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
20. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
2. （2022年全国乙卷） Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there's something highly exciting about 1 someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 2 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 4 as evidence that children are hopelessly "egocentric"(自我中心的) creatures. But our 5 research results in child developmental psychology 6 that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 7 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 8 . We then asked the child if she could 9 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't. The same 10 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 11 children said that they couldn't 12 to her.
A number of 13 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 14 the questions and knew 15 what was asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true 17 that "I can see you only if you can see me, too." They simply 18 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. Our 19 suggest when a child "hides" by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 20 when others use it.
1.A.following B.taking C.escaping D.directing
2.A.clever B.bad C.scared D.quick
3.A.exposed B.examined C.untouched D.imbalanced
4.A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.interpreted
5.A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.desired
6.A.explained B.confirmed C.contradicted D.tested
7.A.parent B.child C.researcher D.doctor
8.A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears
9.A.see B.help C.reach D.fool
10.A.event B.thing C.action D.accident
11.A.Yet B.Now C.Soon D.Once
12.A.speak B.listen C.turn D.wave
13.A.instructions B.descriptions C.experiments D.assumptions
14.A.comprehended B.predicted C.explored D.ignored
15.A.partly B.honestly C.vaguely D.exactly
16.A.responses B.approaches C.contribution D.sensitivity
17.A.ability B.belief C.identity D.purpose
18.A.hold back B.relate to C.insist on D.make up
19.A.limitations B.requirements C.theories D.findings
20.A.tentative B.impressive C.creative D.effective
3.（2021年全国甲卷）It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was 1 at the hotel on business and planning to 2 some friends in the area. They had asked him to 3 some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he 4 a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was 5 that it would be too warm, he 6 it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was 7 and well chilled (冷却) and he 8 .
That's when things went 9 . "I remember walking down the long 10 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls, "Burchill said in a recent letter of 11 to the 4-star hotel." The seagulls immediately went 12 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 13 at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real 14 .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
"I have 15 and I admit responsibility of my 16 , "he said in the letter." I come to you, 1 7 , to apologize for the-damage I had 18 caused and to ask you to 19 my lifetime ban from the hotel. "His letter 20 . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
1. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
2. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
3. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
4. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
5. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
6. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
7. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
8. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
9. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
10. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
11. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
12. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
13. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
14. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
15. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
16. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
17. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
18. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
19. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
20. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
二、考情分析
一、记叙文
记叙文是一种以写人记事为主要内容、以叙述为主要表达方式的文体。它主要包括历史故事、人物传记、逸闻趣事等。文章多交代when、where、who、what、how五个要素。
应对技巧：
1 读懂文章首句
首句往往是整篇文章的引领句，概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图，是文章发展过程的重要线索。细读首句可以判断文章体裁，预测语篇解读和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助考生建立正确的思维导向，对理解全文起着至关重要的作用。所以在仔细阅读了首句后，应快速阅读全文，确定文章的文体、主旨和结构。一般地，记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W（When，Where，Who，What），这为我们理解文章提供了一个“窗口”。
2 理清事件发展顺序
记叙文类文章以叙述为主，一般按事件发展的顺序来叙述，正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要意义。因此，在选择答案时，要按照事情发展的顺序，从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，同时认真比较所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的答案。
3 注意上下文呼应
近几年高考完形填空单纯考查语法知识的题很少，多数题目必须借助对上下文的理解才能得出正确答案。短文中每个空白处的词和上下文在意义和结构上都有着必然的联系。因此，考生必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性。在了解语篇大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给的词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题。
二、议论文
议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据和论证。要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文，论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下种情况：①开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点。然后再通过具体的论据去证明论点，论据有时候既有正面的，也有反面的。最后总结全文。②导入式提出论点。有些议论文会先叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去证明自己的论点。③最后提出论点。有些议论文，作者一开始仅仅是列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，然后通过对具体现象的分析，自然地得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。答题时要注意理清论点、论据和论证。一般来说，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在点里得到印证，而能说明论点主要内容的答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来。抓住了这个特点，部分选项的答案便一目了然。
应对技巧：
1从首句入手，找出中心
2 利用原词复现，寻找近义词语
完形填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中，有时也会出现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或者近义词。考生要充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断，选出正确答案。
3 依据行文逻辑关系，准确辨析词义
三、说明文
说明文类完形填空题常常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章用来说明某一种社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题等。说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。因此，这类文章的每一个段落通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括和说明。说明文一般有四种结构模式：①总分式。包括“总分”“分总”“总分总”等具体形式；②递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。③并列式。文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分，各层之间的关系是并列的、平等的。④连贯式。各层之间按照事物发展过程安排层次，前后互相承接。
应对技巧：
1 利用总分原则，理清段落关系
符合“总分式”结构的说明文通常有两种情况：一是先说一句总结性的话，后面分几个方面阐述或举例说明；二是从几个方面叙述细节情况，然后用一句总结性的话进行归纳。
2 运用顺势承接或者逆向对比，巧妙选择答案
根据空格前后的内容推测出它们之间的关系，根据它们之间的关系选出答案，这属于顺势承接当文章的上下语句间含有一些与空格处意义相反或相对的词汇时，就要运用逆向对比法。
四、夹叙夹议文
夹叙夹议类的文章是高考完形填空中较有难度的体裁，也是容易造成考生失误的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道，寓意深刻，可读性强。因此对这种类型的完形填空，大家应该引起足够的重视。高考夹叙夹议类的完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：
（1）先叙述作者自己亲历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
（2）先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来论证，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以论证。
（3）提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例论证，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。
解答夹叙夹议类完形填空必须做到整体合一，“大环境”与“小环境”有机结合，其中叙是议的基础，议是叙的渗透和延伸。因此，在逐个解题的过程中要注意叙述与议论之间的相互转换，及时调整自己的思维方式，切不可偏离所叙及所议之事，按自己的思路分析题目。
应对技巧：
1 首尾遥相呼应，主题鲜明统一
大多数夹叙夹议类完形填空的尾段是文章的结论段落，是对前面所述故事的分析评论，这样与首段往往形成呼应的效果，所以考生做此类文章时，要仔细分析首段与尾段的这种对应关系。
2 行文逻辑推理，增强语篇意识
夹叙夹议文，文章以叙述为主，绝大多数篇幅是作者在描述事件，而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中。这就要求考生增强语篇意识，在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，做出选择。
3 围绕主题，了解作者的写作意图
夹叙夹议文虽然在讲故事、描述人，但都是作者为了表达某个主题而精心编排的，所以字里行间都渗透着作者的意图，即作者意在通过文章告诉读者道理。如果考生对作者的写作意图不了解，会引起系列的错误认识，导致几个选项连续错误。一般来说，作者讲故事是为了给人经验、教训，那么行文中的词汇应该是与其有关的；如果作者是为了讲述生活中的哲理，那么词汇应该是积极向上的。
三、变式训练
4. I left my company at lunch hour to buy some groceries. I had very 1 time. Fortunately I had made a shopping list, so what I needed to do was to 2 only those items.
After parking, I entered the store. It was pretty empty and I released a huge sigh in 3 . What I needed to do was to grab(抓) the necessities, pay and 4 back within an hour. I made a good time and then I found a 5 with only one people ahead of me.
There were limited cashiers, maybe three open but I 6 only one bagger. The woman ahead of me was sighing 7 the cashier had to bag the goods after ringing up her purchases, which was slowing her down. By this time there was a dozen of people behind me.
When it came to my 8 , I gave the cashier a big smile but her attention was distracted(转移) 9 , grabbing items to run through the scan as quick as possible to 10 the line. While waiting, I heard some 11 behind me, which obviously made the cashier sigh too. She looked rather 12 . She called on the phone for 13 , but from her face I knew the answer was a negative one. Another sigh 14 her lips.
I was once a cashier in my youth and I fully 15 how this poor one is feeling in this 16 . So I called out as I opened a bag, "I'll bag while you finish ringing up, OK " She didn't 17 my offer and smilingly replied, "Sure, that would be great."
After 18 her end, she lifted the bags into my cart and then I paid. She turned as I was leaving, "Thanks again for helping out and for your 19 ." Another smile and she was looking me in the eyes!
I left for work happier than when I set out. I had just 20 her day and mine!
1.A.wonderful B.limited C.boring D.spare
2.A.pay for B.hand out C.begin with D.pick up
3.A.relief B.shock C.peace D.vain
4.A.drive B.run C.walk D.cycle
5.A.store B.counter C.line D.room
6.A.approached B.needed C.called D.noticed
7.A.if B.as C.while D.unless
8.A.rescue B.duty C.turn D.mind
9.A.gradually B.occasionally C.willingly D.instantly
10.A.shorten B.shape C.manage D.stop
11.A.cheers B.arguments C.complaints D.instructions
12.A.terrified B.stressed C.confused D.interested
13.A.action B.assistance C.encouragement D.comfort
14.A.controlled B.struck C.escaped D.buried
15.A.understood B.suspected C.confirmed D.believed
16.A.aspect B.accident C.sense D.situation
17.A.consider B.recognize C.decline D.appreciate
18.A.completing B.reaching C.abandoning D.practicing
19.A.bravery B.patience C.guidance D.defence
20.A.created B.supported C.wasted D.made
5. Ashley Fox was shopping at Walmart Sunday with her son Norris, 3, who had autism(自闭症). Norris 1 a toy dog at the store, but it cost more than Fox 2 , so she put it back.
"Norris 3 . I rushed out as 4 as I could. He was screaming. It was 5 ," said Fox. She was struggling 6 to get Norris into his car seat when a woman 7 her with the toy dog.
"The lady came up behind me and she said, 'is this what he 8 ' and I said, 'oh yes it is,' and she gave it to me and I handed it to Norris and he just calmed down. I 9 her and I offered to pay for this toy but she 10 . She said that she understood because she had 11 . It was a really beautiful thing that she did," said Fox.
She 12 it on Facebook that Norris and the toy never 13 . Thousands of people have liked the post and hundreds have commented about the act of 14 .
"When I made this post I did not expect it to grow up the way that it did, but I'm so 15 because people are just comforting and they love the story. I just really hope she reads it. I really want her to know how 16 she was," said Fox.
"This woman, she didn't judge me by my 17 . She just helped me because she is a 18 . And I think that that is just a lesson everybody should 19 , because if more people were like that, we would be more 20 ."
1.A.picked out B.put away C.dealt with D.threw about
2.A.explained B.expected C.described D.dreamed
3.A.calmed down B.turned up C.looked around D.broke down
4.A.steadily B.quietly C.quickly D.casually
5.A.perfect B.different C.sorrowful D.bad
6.A.hard B.slowly C.slightly D.willingly
7.A.noticed B.struck C.approached D.greeted
8.A.bought B.wanted C.discovered D.left
9.A.touched B.recognized C.thanked D.blamed
10.A.refused B.laughed C.disappeared D.sighed
11.A.toys B.children C.dogs D.vehicles
12.A.read B.wrote C.cancelled D.posted
13.A.changed B.trembled C.separated D.worked
14.A.kindness B.bravery C.encouragement D.freedom
15.A.delighted B.curious C.satisfied D.annoyed
16.A.wealthy B.wonderful C.valuable D.educated
17.A.salary B.health C.age D.appearance
18.A.stranger B.businesswoman C.teacher D.mother
19.A.give B.design C.learn D.quit
20.A.objective B.positive C.confident D.special
6. Have you ever been out on a walk and noticed someone standing very still, their attention paid to the branches of a tree or the ground 1 their steps They are fully 2 in what they are seeing. Do you stop to try and 3 what they are looking at Do you ask them what they see
I have learned that there is always something 4 to see and hear about if I spend the time 5 . The first time I did this I got a(n) 6 to see my first bald eagle down the trail. The person who 7 the eagle told me there was a pair who were always around the 8 . I have not seen the eagle since, but I keep my eyes 9 .
And just a few days ago was 10 home and saw a young man looking 11 upwards. I slowed down my steps and asked what he was looking at. He was so 12 and amazed; he had never seen that breed of bird before and did not know the bird's 13 . I looked devotedly and finally saw the small 14 he was looking at, a Downy woodpecker. It was then busy making holes in a tree. We 15 with amazement as the woodpecker was 16 . The young man stood on his side of the road and I on mine, and we 17 the birds he had seen. I shared with him the little bit of knowledge that I have about woodpeckers and 18 that I was correct. As we 19 , he thanked me very politely for chatting with him.
The 20 was so worth sharing because each of us was amazed by what we had witnessed and experienced.
1.A.other than B.instead of C.due to D.at sight of
2.A.absorbed B.disappointed C.strict D.expert
3.A.put away B.find out C.make up D.do with
4.A.interesting B.unforgettable C.awful D.shocking
5.A.thinking B.checking C.testing D.asking
6.A.goal B.choice C.chance D.inspiration
7.A.pointed out B.saw through C.held up D.referred to
8.A.person B.path C.eagle D.time
9.A.bright B.wet C.clean D.open
10.A.driving B.walking C.riding D.flying
11.A.attentively B.sadly C.delightedly D.anxiously
12.A.enthusiastic B.tiresome C.excited D.envious
13.A.home B.feature C.habit D.name
14.A.hole B.partner C.bird D.tree
15.A.sought B.watched C.screamed D.froze
16.A.sitting B.working C.nesting D.playing
17.A.feed B.freed C.discussed D.recorded
18.A.suspected B.promised C.claimed D.hoped
19.A.parted B.dined C.recalled D.dated
20.A.creature B.survey C.idea D.moment
7. There was a time I had to count every single penny I spent. I had to keep a 1 in my head while shopping. I would stand there and 2 things up over and over again. There was this time during the 3 when I was 4 at Joe's because way back then they had the most wheat-free food and I had a baby newly 5 with an allergy(过敏). I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up.
The total was too 6 . I couldn't buy everything. I didn't want my card 7 . I looked through everything trying to 8 what to put back. I kept everything everyone else would have loved, but put back the one thing I loved. It was a simple 9 package of chicken. But that package was what put the total over budget.
I hated the feeling of not being able to 10 that $3.29 package of chicken. But that was 11 and I moved on and 12 about it. It was what I had to do.
That night our doorbell rang. It was 13 because it was extremely cold and late. I went to the door, opened it, and on my front steps were bags of food. On the top of the first bag, I saw the chicken, the same kind 14 before I put them back.
I cannot 15 the feeling of realizing that 16 in my aloneness I wasn't alone. The feeling that I 17 . The feeling of 18 . I still have no idea who put all of that food on my doorstep. My kids were 19 about all the goods. At that moment I knew I was 20 in this holiday.
1.A.balance B.secret C.diary D.budget
2.A.use B.total C.clean D.tear
3.A.holidays B.nights C.journeys D.weekends
4.A.working B.shopping C.searching D.trading
5.A.charged B.filled C.troubled D.familiar
6.A.frightening B.high C.ambiguous D.unreasonable
7.A.broken B.declined C.exchanged D.lost
8.A.make up B.switch off C.figure out D.relate to
9.A.large B.impressive C.attractive D.frozen
10.A.afford B.raise C.cook D.corsume
11.A.life B.love C.crime D.eagerness
12.A.argued B.complained C.forgot D.heard
13.A.rude B.acceptable C.strange D.unavoidable
14.A.days B.weeks C.seconds D.hours
15.A.describe B.escape C.follow D.understand
16.A.almost B.rather C.often D.even
17.A.mattered B.failed C.valued D.ignored
18.A.pride B.sorrow C.appreciation D.pressure
19.A.embarrassed B.puzzled C.curious D.excited
20.A.discriminated B.accompanied C.awarded D.refreshed
8. Early last summer I bought some yam(山药) roots for food. In many a day, one tuber(植物块茎) left in the kitchen was not 1 to eat any longer. Thinking it was a waste of money to throw it away, I 2 the tuber into a flower pot hoping that it might take root and 3 something that could be put on the dinner table.
In the following months I watered the tuber regularly. The 4 yam grew very well. Soon it was autumn, and I decided to 5 . I pulled out the yam plant and began to dig with my 6 . I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers 7 the yam root.
When almost no 8 was left, I tried to pull the root but I failed. In 9 , I pushed the pot over. Half of the yam root had grown through one of three holes 10 . The sight filled me with awe(敬畏). Then and there I 11 my opinion of the climbing plant.
The whole tuber, 12 two parts, one in and one out of the pot, was in the 13 of a handwritten L. Unlike ordinary yam roots, the part outside the pot was not round. It was 14 , looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a 15 .
The very end of the part outside the pot was 16 . Obviously, the skin must have been rubbed off during his 17 with the heavy pot. The very tip of the flat part was 18 . Needless to say, it was not damaged by me but by the pot.
I came to understand that the tuber, though 19 wounded, had struggled hard. Such was a Chinese yam, an ordinary-looking climbing plant with 20 characteristics.
1.A.attractive B.suitable C.special D.easy
2.A.put B.threw C.buried D.hid
3.A.consume B.produce C.contain D.catch
4.A.deserted B.forgotten C.chosen D.potted
5.A.check B.try C.harvest D.move
6.A.children B.friends C.tools D.fingers
7.A.touched B.pulled C.hurt D.grasped
8.A.earth B.root C.water D.plant
9.A.astonishment B.excitement C.embarrassment D.puzzlement
10.A.at the side B.on the left C.at the bottom D.near the edge
11.A.expressed B.changed C.maintained D.proved
12.A.cut into B.connected with C.consisting of D.looking like
13.A.style B.form C.pattern D.way
14.A.flat B.long C.thin D.shiny
15.A.difference B.contribution C.fortune D.living
16.A.skinless B.discolored C.small D.dry
17.A.:growth B.struggle C.lifecycle D.relationship
18.A.dirty B.rough C.broken D.stuck
19.A.endlessly B.temporarily C.accidentally D.seriously
20.A.tough B.unique C.typical D.genetic
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-5 CADDB 6-10 ABACD 11-15 ADBCC 16-20 BBACD
解析：1.根据上文中的"enjoyed living with my dogs"和下文中的"keep my loneliness at bay"可知, 两只宠物狗的陪伴(companionship)让作者没那么孤独。ownership"所有权, 产权, 物主身份"。
2.结合语境可知, 尽管作者去约会了, 但是她对于能否遇到志同道合的人心存疑虑(reservations)。
3.结合常识可知, 第一次约会的时候, 作者了解到(learned)Steve有一只狗和一只猫。
4.根据上文可知, 作者是一位动物爱好者, 因此, 作者对于Steve也是一位动物爱好者感到兴奋(thrilled)。
5.根据空后宾语从句中的内容可知, 作者对于和四只小动物在一起相处的前景感到担忧。worry"担心, 担忧"; regret"惋惜, 懊悔"。
6.根据上文中的"a cat, Flora"和空后的"the cat"可知, 此处指的是小猫Flora。
7.根据常识和语境可知, 第二周, 作者和Steve一起去遛(walked)狗。
8.由上文中的"It was a hot day"可知, 作者和Steve停下来喘口气。catch one's breath"歇口气, 喘口气"。
9.根据上文中的"The next week"可知, 这只是两人开始约会的第二周, 这个时候求婚有点过于快(soon)了。
10.结合语境可知, 作者对于关爱动物的人会很有好感。因此, 看到Steve给自己的小狗喂水的那一刻, 作者爱上了Steve。by all means"当然可以"; in that moment"那一刻"。
11.上文提到了作者爱上了Steve, 因此, 两人继续(continued)约会。
12.根据下文中的"climbing the stairs could reopen the wound"可以推断, Tilly的腿(leg)做了手术。
13.此处与上文中的"I took the dogs out four times a day"呼应, 据此可以判断, 每天外出四次会让Tilly不停地(constantly)爬楼梯, 作者担心这样会让它的伤口裂开。
14.根据下文中的"The three dogs formed a pack...We made good housemates"可以推测, 为了解决Tilly不停爬楼梯的问题, Steve推荐了他自己的房子。suggest"推荐, 举荐"。
15.根据下文中描述的其乐融融、一派祥和的景象可知, 作者和她的宠物们搬到Steve家后一切都很顺利。
16.根据上文中的描述"my dogs might attack 6 , the cat"可知, 作者曾担心她的小狗和Steve的小猫无法和平共处。再根据上下文可知, 经过训练后, 三只小狗抱作一团, 它们尊重(respected)小猫Flora的生活空间。
17.根据上文中的"Tilly had an operation on her 12 "和语境可知, 作者和Steve共同照顾(caring for)Tilly。
18.结合常识和下文中的"this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me"可知, 作者当时肯定很开心。to one's delight"令某人高兴的是"; to one's credit"值得赞扬的是"; to one's disadvantage"对某人不利的是"。
19.作者早就爱上了Steve, 因此, Steve没有单膝跪地求婚, 作者也不需要(need)他这么做。
20.此处呼应第三段中的"He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs...I began to fall for him", 故选D项。
2.答案：1-5 CBADC 6-10 CBDAB 11-15 BACAD 16-20 ABCDD
解析：1.根据下文中的"making oneself unable to be seen"可推断, 避开(escaping)别人的目光, 使自己不被人看见, 这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。
2.根据下文中的"They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 "可知, 他们常常只是用手遮住自己的眼睛, 把身体其他部位暴露在外, 由此可推断, 他们不擅长隐藏。
3.参见上题解析。
4.考查逻辑推断。这种无效的隐藏方法被认为(interpreted)是儿童是一种完全"以自我为中心"的生物的证据。support"支持"; guarantee"保证"; imagine"想象"。
5.根据语境可知, 我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊奇的(surprising)研究发现反驳(contradicted)了那个观点。
6.参见上题解析。explain"解释"; confirm"证实"; test"测试"。
7.由上句中的"children"可知, 此处是指每个孩子(child)都与一名成人坐在一起。
8.考查逻辑推断。由下句中的"hear"可推断出此空填"ears"。
9.考查逻辑推断。由上句中的"eyes"可推断出此空填"see"。
10.根据语境可知, 当成年人捂住自己的嘴时, 同样的事情(thing)发生了。
11.这么一来(Now), 孩子们说他们不能和她说话。
12.考在逻辑推断。由上文的"mouth"可推断出此空填"speak"。
13.根据语境可知, 许多实验(experiments)排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题这种可能性。instructions"指示, 命令, 用法说明"; description"描述"; assumption"假设"。
14.孩子们理解(comprehended)这些问题, 并且确切地(exactly)知道他们被问到了什么。predict"预言"; explore"探索"; ignore"忽视"。
15.参见上题解析。partly"部分地"; honestly"诚实地"; vaguely"含糊地"。
16.根据语境可知, 他们对这些问题的回答(responses)反映了他们真实的看法(belief): "只有你也能看到我, 我才能看到你。"approach"方法"; contribution"贡献"; sensitivity"体贴, 敏感"。
17.参见上题解析。ability"能力"; identity"身份"; purpose"目的"。
18.根据语境可知, 他们只是坚持(insist on)相互的承认和尊重。hold back"隐瞒, 阻止"; make up"构成, 编造, 补足(某数量)"。
19.根据语境可知, 我们的研究发现(findings)表明, 当孩子在头上盖一条毯子"隐藏"时, 这并不是自我中心主义的结果。limitation"限制"; requirement"必备条件"; theory"理论"。
20.根据语境可知, 事实上, 当其他人使用这种方法时, 孩子们认为它是有效的(effective)。tentative"不确定的"; impressive"令人赞叹的, 给人印象深刻的"; creative"创造(性)的"。
3.答案：1-5 BACAD 6-10 DBACC 11-115 BDBAD 16-20 DCACB
解析：1.考查动词。关注后句句意。句意:伯奇尔出差住在(staying)酒店,并计划去拜访该地区的一些朋友。
2.考查动词。关注前后句句意。句意:伯奇尔出差住在酒店,并计划去拜访(visit)该地区的一些朋友。
3.考查动词。关注前后句句意。句意:他们让他从东部带 (bring)—些辣香肠过来。
4.考查动词。关注前后句句意和前后句的逻辑关系。句意:因此他将手提箱塞满(filled) 了辣香肠。根据设空处所在句中的So可知本句与上一句构成因果关系。
5.考查形容词。关注前后句句意。句意:由于他担心 (worried)天气太暖和,所以他把它摊开放在靠近开着的窗户的桌子上。
6.考查动词。关注前后句句意和前后句逻辑关系。句意: 由于他担心天气太暖和,所以他把它摊开放在(laid)靠近开着的窗户的桌子上。
7.考查形容词。关注句意和上下文逻辑关系。此处表示 “他以为辣香肠是安全的(safe)”。根据下文可知,他离开了房间,故此处表达的是他对此非常放心。
8.考查动词。关注上下文语境。由下文"walking down thelong ______ and opening the door to my room"可知此处表示“离开”。
9.考查形容词。关注上下文逻辑关系。根据下文所述可知,因为把辣香肠放在靠窗的桌子上,事情出错(wrong) 了。
10.考查名词。关注后文提示。此处表示“我记得走过长长的门厅(hall),打开我房间的门,却发现了一整群海鸥”。
11.考查名词。关注前后句句意和词汇呼应。此处表示“伯奇尔在他最近写给这家四星级酒店的道歉(apology)信中说道”。文章倒数第二段中的apologize与设空处词汇呼应。
12.考查形容词。关注前后句句意和前后句逻辑。根据上下文描述可知,海鸥立即发狂(went wild) 了。
13.考查动词短语。关注前后句句意。此处表示“三四十只鸟同一时间都试图逃出去(get out)”。
14.考查名词。关注上文语境。此处表示“真是一团糟 (mess)”。
15.考查动词。关注前后句逻辑关系。根据设空处上一句说的“现在年纪大了,也更聪明了,伯奇尔把那次事件归咎于年轻人的莽撞。”可以知道,他是说自己成熟了(matured)。
16.考查名词。关注前后句句意。此处表示“我为我的行为 (actions)承认责任”。
17.考查习语。关注前后句逻辑关系。此处表示“我来找你,恭恭敬敬地(hat in hand),为我间接造成的破坏道歉,并请求你重新考虑对我入住酒店的终身禁令”。
18.考查副词。关注上下文逻辑。由上文可知,海鸥直接破坏了房间,他是间接(indirectly)造成了破坏。
19.考查动词。关注作者的情感。从他写道歉信的态度可以看出他希望得到酒店的原谅,希望他们重新考虑 (reconsider)对他入住酒店的禁令。
20.考查动词。关注前后句逻辑关系。文章最后一句表明酒店自从2001年就下禁令了,现在又欢迎伯奇尔再次入住。 由此可知,伯奇尔的道歉信起作用(worked) 了。
4.答案：1-5 BDAAC 6-10 DBCDA 11-15 CBBCA 16-20 DCABD
解析：1.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"I left my company at lunch hour to buy some groceries."和下文中的"back within an hour"可知, 作者是在午休时间出来买食品的, 需要在一个小时之内赶回去, 因此作者的购物时间非常有限。故选B。
2.考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知, 作者的购物时间非常有限, 因此作者需要做的只是去拿那些购物单中列出的东西。故选D。
3.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"I released"及语境可知, 作者的购物时间非常有限, 因此当作者看到超市没什么人的时候, 作者如释重负地松了一口气。故选A。
4.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"After parking"可知, 此处表示作者要在一小时内开车返回。故选A。
5.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"only one people ahead of me"及语境可知, 作者找了一个前面只有一个人的队伍去排队。故选C。
6.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者注意到收银台处有三个收银员, 但只有一个打包员。故选D。
7.考查连词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者前面的女士在叹气, 因为收银员既要计算价格又要打包顾客买的东西导致速度变慢。故选B。
8.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"I gave the cashier a big smile"可知, 轮到作者结账的时候, 作者给了收银员一个大大的微笑。故选C。
9.考查副词辨析。根据下文中的"grabbing items to run through the scan"及语境可知, 此处表示收银员很快转移了注意力去忙着计算作者买的东西的价格。故选D。
10.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"there was a dozen of people behind me"及语境可知, 收银员尽可能快速地操作以缩短队伍。故选A。
11.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"which obviously made the cashier sigh too"可知, 作者听到了排在后面的顾客的抱怨。故选C。
12.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"obviously made the cashier sigh too"可知, 收银员看起来压力很大。故选B。
13.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"I knew the answer was a negative one"及语境可推知, 收银员打电话请求帮助。故选B。
14.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"from her face I knew the answer was a negative one"及语境可知, 收银员请求帮助失败, 所以她又叹了一口气。此处应用"escape"表示不自觉地发出一种声音。故选C。
15.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I was once a cashier in my youth"可知, 作者曾经也当过收银员, 所以作者完全理解这位收银员的感受。故选A。
16.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者年轻时也曾当过收银员, 所以作者完全理解这位收银员面对这种情况时的感受。故选D。
17.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I'll bag while you finish ringing up, OK "及下文中的"Sure, that would be great"可知, 收银员没有拒绝作者提供的帮助。故选C。
18.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"she lifted the bags into my cart and then I paid"及语境可知, 收银员完成了她的工作后, 把几包物品放在了作者的购物车里。故选A。
19.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"Thanks again for helping out"及语境可知, 相比于其他顾客, 作者不仅没有抱怨而且还帮助了收银员, 所以收银员非常感谢作者帮忙解决困境和作者的耐心等待。故选B。
20.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"Another smile"及语境可知, 作者的举动使收银员和作者自己都很开心。固定搭配make one's day意为"使某人很开心"。故选D。
5.答案：1-5 ABDCD 6-10 ACBCA 11-15 BDCAA 16-20 BDDCB
解析：1.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"a toy at the store"可知, Norris在商店里挑选了一只玩具狗。A项意为"挑选", 符合语境。故选A。
2.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"she put it back"可知, 玩具狗的价钱超出了Fox的预算, 所以她把它放回了原处。B项意为"预期的", 符合语境。故选B。
3.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"He was screaming."及语境可知, Norris崩溃了。D项意为"精神崩溃", 符合语境。故选D。
4.考查副词辨析。根据上文中的"rushed out"及语境可知, Fox以最快的速度冲了出去。C项意为"迅速地", 符合语境。故选C。
5.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"He was screaming."及语境可知, Norris在尖叫, Fox感觉很糟糕。D项意为"糟糕的", 符合语境。故选D。
6.考查副词辨析。根据语境可知, Fox努力把Norris放到车座上。A项意为"努力地, 费力地", 符合语境。故选A。
7.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"The lady came up behind me"及语境可知, 一位女士带着一只玩具狗朝Fox走来。C项意为"靠近", 符合语境。故选C。
8.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 这位女士问道: "这是他想要的吗 " B项意为"想要", 符合语境。故选B。
9.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"she gave it to me and I handed it to Norris and he just calmed down"及语境可知, 此处指Fox向那位女士表示感谢。C项意为"感谢", 符合语境。故选C。
10.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I offered to pay for this toy but"及语境可知, Fox打算付钱给那位女士, 但是那位女士拒绝了。A项意为"拒绝", 符合语境。故选A。
11.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 这位女士解释说, 她理解Fox, 因为她自己也有小孩。B项意为"小孩", 符合语境。故选B。
12.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"Thousands of people have liked the post and hundreds have commented about the act"及语境可知, Fox把这件事发布到了Facebook上。D项意为"发布", 符合语境。故选D。
13.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, Norris和这个玩具形影不离。C项意为"分离", 符合语境。故选C。
14.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 数百人对(这位女士的)善举发表了评论。A项意为"友好的行为", 符合语境。故选A。
15.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"people are just comforting and they love the story"及语境可知, Fox很高兴, 因为人们在安慰她, 并且他们喜欢这个故事。A项意为"高兴的", 符合语境。故选A。
16.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, Fox希望那位女士可以看到这篇文章。她希望那位女士知道她自己有多棒。B项意为"令人赞叹的", 符合语境。故选B。
17.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指这位女士没有以貌取人。D项意为"外貌, 外表", 符合语境。故选D。
18.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"she understood because she had _____"及语境可知, 那位女士帮助Fox只是因为她自己也是一位母亲。D项意为"母亲", 符合语境。故选D。
19.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"a lesson"及语境可知, Fox认为将心比心是每个人都应该学习的课程。C项意为"学习", 符合语境。故选C。
20.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, 如果有更多的人像那位女士这样, 我们会更积极乐观。B项意为"积极乐观的", 符合语境。故选B。
6.答案：1-5 BABAD 6-10 CABDB 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 BCDAD
解析：1.考查介词短语辨析。根据上文中的"their attention paid to the branches of a tree or the ground"和下文中的"their steps"可知, 人们把注意力放在树枝上或是地面上, 而不是自己的步伐上。故选B。
2.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"their attention paid to the branches of a tree or the ground"及语境可知, 人们完全专注于他们看的东西。故选A。
3.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"what they are looking at"并结合语境可知, 此处表示你会停下来试着去弄明白他们在看什么吗。故选B。
4.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者了解到总会有一些有趣的事情(值得)我们去看、去听。故选A。
5.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"hear about"和下文"I slowed down my steps and asked what he was looking at."可知, 作者知道如果自己花时间去询问总会听到一些有趣的事情。故选D。
6.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者得到一个了解白头海雕的机会。故选C。
7.考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的"to see my first bald eagle down the trail"及语境可知, 此处指那个指出那只白头海雕的人。故选A。
8.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"see my first bald eagle down the trail"及语境可知, 此处指一对白头海雕经常出现在这条街道附近。故选B。
9.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"I have not seen the eagle since"及语境可知, 尽管作者从那以后再也没见过白头海雕, 但作者一直都留意观察。故选D。
10.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"I slowed down my steps"及语境可知, 此处指作者在走回家的路上看到一个年轻人。故选B。
11.考查副词辨析。根据下文中的"he had never seen that breed of bird before"可知, 那个年轻人在全神贯注地向上看。故选A。
12.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"and amazed; he had never seen that breed of bird before"可知, 那个年轻人既兴奋又惊奇。故选C。
13.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"he had never seen that breed of bird before"及下文中的"a Downy woodpecker"可知, 那个年轻人不知道这只鸟的名字。故选D。
14.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"that breed of bird"可知, 作者看到了那个年轻人正在观察的那只鸟。故选C。
15.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I looked devotedly and finally saw the small _____ he was looking at"可知, 作者和那个年轻人惊奇地看着那只鸟工作。故选B。
16.考查动词辨析。根据上文"It was then busy making holes in a tree."及语境可知, 那只啄木鸟正在工作。故选B。
17.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"for chatting with him"可知, 作者和那个年轻人讨论年轻人看到的那只鸟。故选C。
18.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I shared with him the little bit of knowledge that I have about woodpeckers"及下文中的"that I was correct"可知, 此处指作者只了解一点有关啄木鸟的知识, 所以作者希望自己(说的内容)是对的。故选D。
19.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 在与作者分开时, 那个年轻人礼貌地感谢作者和他交谈。故选A。
20.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"because each of us was amazed by what we had witnessed and experienced"可知, 这一刻是值得分享的。故选D。
7.答案：1-5 DBABC 6-10 BBCDA 11-15 ACCDA 16-20 DACDB
解析：1.考查名词辨析。根据上文"There was a time I had to count every single penny I spent."可知, 作者生活拮据, 在购物时不得不把预算记在脑海中。D项意为"预算", 符合语境。故选D。
2.考查动词辨析。根据下文"I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up."及语境可知, 作者站在那里, 一遍又一遍地计算这些东西的(价格的)总和。total sth. up意为"计算......的总和", 符合语境。故选B。
3.考查名词辨析。根据最后一段最后一句"At that moment I knew I was _____ in this holiday."可知, 作者讲述的事情发生在假期期间。A项意为"假期", 符合语境。故选A。
4.考查动词辨析。根据下文"I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up."及语境可知, 作者在购物。B项意为"在商店购物", 符合语境。故选B。
5.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"with an allergy(过敏)"及语境可知, 作者的孩子受到过敏的困扰。C项意为"烦恼的", 符合语境。故选C。
6.考查形容词辨析。根据下文"I couldn't buy everything."可知, 所购物品的总价太高了。B项意为"高的", 符合语境。故选B。
7.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"what to put back"及语境可知, 作者不希望自己的卡被拒绝付款。B项意为"谢绝", 符合语境。故选B。
8.考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知, 作者逐一查看了所有东西, 试图想出该放回去的东西。C顶意为"想出", 符合语境。故选C。
9.考查形容词辨析。根据上文"I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up."可知, 此处表示一包冷冻鸡肉。D项意为"冷冻的", 符合语境。故选D。
10.考查动词辨析。根据上文"I couldn't buy everything"及语境可知, 作者讨厌买不起那包3.29美元的鸡肉的感觉。A项意为"买得起", 符合语境。故选A。
11.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指但这就是生活。A项意为"生活", 符合语境。故选A。
12.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I moved on"及语境可知, 作者继续前行, 忘记这件事。C项意为"忘记", 符合语境。故选C。
13.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"because it was extremely cold and late"可知, 因为天气非常冷并且很晚了, 所以有人敲门很奇怪。C项意为"奇怪的", 符合语境。故选C。
14.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"That night"及语境可知, 作者看见了和自己几个小时之前放回去的一样的鸡肉。D项意为"小时", 符合语境。故选D。
15.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者无法描述这种感觉。A项意为"描述", 符合语境。故选A。
16.考查副词辨析。根据下文中的"I wasn't alone"及语境可知, 作者无法描述那种意识到即使自己独自一人也并不孤单的感觉。D项意为"即使", 符合语境。故选D。
17.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指自己是重要的感觉。A项意为"要紧", 符合语境。故选A。
18.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指感激的感觉。C项意为"感激", 符合语境。故选C。
19.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者的孩子们看到这些物品非常兴奋。D项意为"兴奋的", 符合语境。故选D。
20.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I wasn't alone"及语境可知, 那一刻作者意识到在这个假期是有人陪伴着自己的。B项意为"陪伴", 符合语境。故选B。
8.答案：1-5 BCBDC 6-10 DAADC 11-15 BCBAD 16-20 ABCDA
解析：1.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"Thinking it was a waste of money to throw it away"可知, 此处表示许多天以后, 厨房里剩下的一块山药已经不再适合食用了。故选B。
2.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"the tuber into a flower pot hoping that it might take root"可知, 作者把这块山药埋在了花盆里。故选C。
3.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"hoping that it might take root"和下文中的"something that could be put on the dinner table"可知, 作者希望栽在花盆里的山药生根并长出可食用的山药。故选B。
4.考查词义辨析。根据上文中的"I _____ the tuber into a flower pot"及语境可知, 栽在花盆里的山药长得很好。故选D。
5.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"Soon it was autumn"及语境可知, 很快便到了秋天, 作者决定收获果实。故选C。
6.考查名词辨析。根据下文"I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers _____ the yam root."可知, 作者用手指去挖花盆里的土。故选D。
7.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I pulled out the yam plant and began to dig with my _____. I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers"和下文中的"pull the root"可知, 作者在挖土的过程中手指触碰到了山药的根。故选A。
8.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处表示当花盆里几乎没有剩余的土时, 作者试图把山药根拔出来, 但是失败了。故选A。
9.考查名词辨析。根据上文"When almost no _____ was left, I tried to pull the root but I failed."可知, 花盆里几乎没有剩余的土了, 但当作者尝试把山药根拔出来时, 却失败了。因此作者很困惑。故选D。
10.考查介词短语辨析。根据上文中的"I pushed the pot over"可知, 作者把花盆推倒后, 才发现一半的山药根已经从花盆底部的三个孔中的一个孔里钻了出来。故选C。
11.考查动词辨析。根据上文"The sight filled me with awe(敬畏)."及语境可知, 之后作者改变了自己对这种攀缘植物的看法。故选B。
12.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"one in and one out of the pot"可知, 整个山药块由两部分组成, 一部分在花盆里, 一部分在花盆外。故选C。
13.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"The whole tuber, _____ two parts, one in and one out of the pot"和下文中的"a handwritten L"及语境可知, 山药块的形状像手写的英文字母"L"。故选B。
14.考查形容词辨析。根据上文"Unlike ordinary yam roots, the part outside the pot was not round."和下文中的"looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a _____"以及"The very tip of the flat part was _____."可知, 不同于普通的圆形山药根, 花盆外山药根的形状是扁平的。故选A。
15.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a"及语境可知, 花盆外山药根的形状是扁平的, 看起来像一位为了谋生而辛苦劳动的老农的粗壮的手指。故选D。
16.考查形容词辨析。根据下文"Obviously, the skin must have been rubbed off during his _____ with the heavy pot."可知, 山药皮被摩擦掉了, 即花盆外山药根的末端没有皮。故选A。
17.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"with the heavy pot"和"I came to understand that the tuber, though _____ wounded, had struggled hard."可知, 此处表示山药根与沉重的花盆作斗争。故选B。
18.考查形容词辨析。根据下文"Needless to say, it was not damaged by me but by the pot."可知, 花盆外山药的尖端部位已经破损了。故选C。
19.考查副词辨析。根据上文内容及语境可知, 作者逐渐明白虽然山药严重受损, 但还在顽强地生长。故选D。
20.考查形容词辨析。根据上文"I came to understand that the tuber, though _____ wounded, had struggled hard."可知, 虽然山药受损严重, 但还在顽强地生长。看似普通的攀缘植物却具有如此坚韧的品质。故选A。
一、高考原题
1.（1022年全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 1 was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with 2 . When I first dated Steve, I 3 he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was 4 that he was an animal lover, I 5 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 , the cat.
The next week we 7 our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our 8 . Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing(求婚) I liked him too. But so 9 He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him.
We 11 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her 12 . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 14 his house. All worked 15 . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 16 Flora's space; Steve and I formed a good team 17 for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my 18 , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel(跪) down, nor did I 19 him to. That's only for giving 20 to the dogs that brought us together.
1. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
2. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
3. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
4. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
5. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
6. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
7. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
8. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
9. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
10. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment
11. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
12. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
13. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
14. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
15. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free
16. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
17. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
18. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage
19. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
20. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
2. （2022年全国乙卷） Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there's something highly exciting about 1 someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 2 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 4 as evidence that children are hopelessly "egocentric"(自我中心的) creatures. But our 5 research results in child developmental psychology 6 that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 7 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 8 . We then asked the child if she could 9 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't. The same 10 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 11 children said that they couldn't 12 to her.
A number of 13 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 14 the questions and knew 15 what was asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true 17 that "I can see you only if you can see me, too." They simply 18 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. Our 19 suggest when a child "hides" by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 20 when others use it.
1.A.following B.taking C.escaping D.directing
2.A.clever B.bad C.scared D.quick
3.A.exposed B.examined C.untouched D.imbalanced
4.A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.interpreted
5.A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.desired
6.A.explained B.confirmed C.contradicted D.tested
7.A.parent B.child C.researcher D.doctor
8.A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears
9.A.see B.help C.reach D.fool
10.A.event B.thing C.action D.accident
11.A.Yet B.Now C.Soon D.Once
12.A.speak B.listen C.turn D.wave
13.A.instructions B.descriptions C.experiments D.assumptions
14.A.comprehended B.predicted C.explored D.ignored
15.A.partly B.honestly C.vaguely D.exactly
16.A.responses B.approaches C.contribution D.sensitivity
17.A.ability B.belief C.identity D.purpose
18.A.hold back B.relate to C.insist on D.make up
19.A.limitations B.requirements C.theories D.findings
20.A.tentative B.impressive C.creative D.effective
3.（2021年全国甲卷）It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was 1 at the hotel on business and planning to 2 some friends in the area. They had asked him to 3 some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he 4 a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was 5 that it would be too warm, he 6 it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was 7 and well chilled (冷却) and he 8 .
That's when things went 9 . "I remember walking down the long 10 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls, "Burchill said in a recent letter of 11 to the 4-star hotel." The seagulls immediately went 12 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 13 at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real 14 .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
"I have 15 and I admit responsibility of my 16 , "he said in the letter." I come to you, 1 7 , to apologize for the-damage I had 18 caused and to ask you to 19 my lifetime ban from the hotel. "His letter 20 . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
1. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
2. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
3. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
4. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
5. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
6. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
7. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
8. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
9. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
10. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
11. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
12. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
13. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
14. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
15. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
16. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
17. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
18. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
19. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
20. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
二、考情分析
一、记叙文
记叙文是一种以写人记事为主要内容、以叙述为主要表达方式的文体。它主要包括历史故事、人物传记、逸闻趣事等。文章多交代when、where、who、what、how五个要素。
应对技巧：
1 读懂文章首句
首句往往是整篇文章的引领句，概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图，是文章发展过程的重要线索。细读首句可以判断文章体裁，预测语篇解读和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助考生建立正确的思维导向，对理解全文起着至关重要的作用。所以在仔细阅读了首句后，应快速阅读全文，确定文章的文体、主旨和结构。一般地，记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W（When，Where，Who，What），这为我们理解文章提供了一个“窗口”。
2 理清事件发展顺序
记叙文类文章以叙述为主，一般按事件发展的顺序来叙述，正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要意义。因此，在选择答案时，要按照事情发展的顺序，从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，同时认真比较所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的答案。
3 注意上下文呼应
近几年高考完形填空单纯考查语法知识的题很少，多数题目必须借助对上下文的理解才能得出正确答案。短文中每个空白处的词和上下文在意义和结构上都有着必然的联系。因此，考生必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性。在了解语篇大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给的词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题。
二、议论文
议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据和论证。要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文，论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下种情况：①开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点。然后再通过具体的论据去证明论点，论据有时候既有正面的，也有反面的。最后总结全文。②导入式提出论点。有些议论文会先叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去证明自己的论点。③最后提出论点。有些议论文，作者一开始仅仅是列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，然后通过对具体现象的分析，自然地得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。答题时要注意理清论点、论据和论证。一般来说，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在点里得到印证，而能说明论点主要内容的答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来。抓住了这个特点，部分选项的答案便一目了然。
应对技巧：
1从首句入手，找出中心
2 利用原词复现，寻找近义词语
完形填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中，有时也会出现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或者近义词。考生要充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断，选出正确答案。
3 依据行文逻辑关系，准确辨析词义
三、说明文
说明文类完形填空题常常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章用来说明某一种社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题等。说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。因此，这类文章的每一个段落通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括和说明。说明文一般有四种结构模式：①总分式。包括“总分”“分总”“总分总”等具体形式；②递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。③并列式。文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分，各层之间的关系是并列的、平等的。④连贯式。各层之间按照事物发展过程安排层次，前后互相承接。
应对技巧：
1 利用总分原则，理清段落关系
符合“总分式”结构的说明文通常有两种情况：一是先说一句总结性的话，后面分几个方面阐述或举例说明；二是从几个方面叙述细节情况，然后用一句总结性的话进行归纳。
2 运用顺势承接或者逆向对比，巧妙选择答案
根据空格前后的内容推测出它们之间的关系，根据它们之间的关系选出答案，这属于顺势承接当文章的上下语句间含有一些与空格处意义相反或相对的词汇时，就要运用逆向对比法。
四、夹叙夹议文
夹叙夹议类的文章是高考完形填空中较有难度的体裁，也是容易造成考生失误的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道，寓意深刻，可读性强。因此对这种类型的完形填空，大家应该引起足够的重视。高考夹叙夹议类的完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：
（1）先叙述作者自己亲历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
（2）先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来论证，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以论证。
（3）提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例论证，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。
解答夹叙夹议类完形填空必须做到整体合一，“大环境”与“小环境”有机结合，其中叙是议的基础，议是叙的渗透和延伸。因此，在逐个解题的过程中要注意叙述与议论之间的相互转换，及时调整自己的思维方式，切不可偏离所叙及所议之事，按自己的思路分析题目。
应对技巧：
1 首尾遥相呼应，主题鲜明统一
大多数夹叙夹议类完形填空的尾段是文章的结论段落，是对前面所述故事的分析评论，这样与首段往往形成呼应的效果，所以考生做此类文章时，要仔细分析首段与尾段的这种对应关系。
2 行文逻辑推理，增强语篇意识
夹叙夹议文，文章以叙述为主，绝大多数篇幅是作者在描述事件，而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中。这就要求考生增强语篇意识，在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，做出选择。
3 围绕主题，了解作者的写作意图
夹叙夹议文虽然在讲故事、描述人，但都是作者为了表达某个主题而精心编排的，所以字里行间都渗透着作者的意图，即作者意在通过文章告诉读者道理。如果考生对作者的写作意图不了解，会引起系列的错误认识，导致几个选项连续错误。一般来说，作者讲故事是为了给人经验、教训，那么行文中的词汇应该是与其有关的；如果作者是为了讲述生活中的哲理，那么词汇应该是积极向上的。
三、变式训练
4. I left my company at lunch hour to buy some groceries. I had very 1 time. Fortunately I had made a shopping list, so what I needed to do was to 2 only those items.
After parking, I entered the store. It was pretty empty and I released a huge sigh in 3 . What I needed to do was to grab(抓) the necessities, pay and 4 back within an hour. I made a good time and then I found a 5 with only one people ahead of me.
There were limited cashiers, maybe three open but I 6 only one bagger. The woman ahead of me was sighing 7 the cashier had to bag the goods after ringing up her purchases, which was slowing her down. By this time there was a dozen of people behind me.
When it came to my 8 , I gave the cashier a big smile but her attention was distracted(转移) 9 , grabbing items to run through the scan as quick as possible to 10 the line. While waiting, I heard some 11 behind me, which obviously made the cashier sigh too. She looked rather 12 . She called on the phone for 13 , but from her face I knew the answer was a negative one. Another sigh 14 her lips.
I was once a cashier in my youth and I fully 15 how this poor one is feeling in this 16 . So I called out as I opened a bag, "I'll bag while you finish ringing up, OK " She didn't 17 my offer and smilingly replied, "Sure, that would be great."
After 18 her end, she lifted the bags into my cart and then I paid. She turned as I was leaving, "Thanks again for helping out and for your 19 ." Another smile and she was looking me in the eyes!
I left for work happier than when I set out. I had just 20 her day and mine!
1.A.wonderful B.limited C.boring D.spare
2.A.pay for B.hand out C.begin with D.pick up
3.A.relief B.shock C.peace D.vain
4.A.drive B.run C.walk D.cycle
5.A.store B.counter C.line D.room
6.A.approached B.needed C.called D.noticed
7.A.if B.as C.while D.unless
8.A.rescue B.duty C.turn D.mind
9.A.gradually B.occasionally C.willingly D.instantly
10.A.shorten B.shape C.manage D.stop
11.A.cheers B.arguments C.complaints D.instructions
12.A.terrified B.stressed C.confused D.interested
13.A.action B.assistance C.encouragement D.comfort
14.A.controlled B.struck C.escaped D.buried
15.A.understood B.suspected C.confirmed D.believed
16.A.aspect B.accident C.sense D.situation
17.A.consider B.recognize C.decline D.appreciate
18.A.completing B.reaching C.abandoning D.practicing
19.A.bravery B.patience C.guidance D.defence
20.A.created B.supported C.wasted D.made
5. Ashley Fox was shopping at Walmart Sunday with her son Norris, 3, who had autism(自闭症). Norris 1 a toy dog at the store, but it cost more than Fox 2 , so she put it back.
"Norris 3 . I rushed out as 4 as I could. He was screaming. It was 5 ," said Fox. She was struggling 6 to get Norris into his car seat when a woman 7 her with the toy dog.
"The lady came up behind me and she said, 'is this what he 8 ' and I said, 'oh yes it is,' and she gave it to me and I handed it to Norris and he just calmed down. I 9 her and I offered to pay for this toy but she 10 . She said that she understood because she had 11 . It was a really beautiful thing that she did," said Fox.
She 12 it on Facebook that Norris and the toy never 13 . Thousands of people have liked the post and hundreds have commented about the act of 14 .
"When I made this post I did not expect it to grow up the way that it did, but I'm so 15 because people are just comforting and they love the story. I just really hope she reads it. I really want her to know how 16 she was," said Fox.
"This woman, she didn't judge me by my 17 . She just helped me because she is a 18 . And I think that that is just a lesson everybody should 19 , because if more people were like that, we would be more 20 ."
1.A.picked out B.put away C.dealt with D.threw about
2.A.explained B.expected C.described D.dreamed
3.A.calmed down B.turned up C.looked around D.broke down
4.A.steadily B.quietly C.quickly D.casually
5.A.perfect B.different C.sorrowful D.bad
6.A.hard B.slowly C.slightly D.willingly
7.A.noticed B.struck C.approached D.greeted
8.A.bought B.wanted C.discovered D.left
9.A.touched B.recognized C.thanked D.blamed
10.A.refused B.laughed C.disappeared D.sighed
11.A.toys B.children C.dogs D.vehicles
12.A.read B.wrote C.cancelled D.posted
13.A.changed B.trembled C.separated D.worked
14.A.kindness B.bravery C.encouragement D.freedom
15.A.delighted B.curious C.satisfied D.annoyed
16.A.wealthy B.wonderful C.valuable D.educated
17.A.salary B.health C.age D.appearance
18.A.stranger B.businesswoman C.teacher D.mother
19.A.give B.design C.learn D.quit
20.A.objective B.positive C.confident D.special
6. Have you ever been out on a walk and noticed someone standing very still, their attention paid to the branches of a tree or the ground 1 their steps They are fully 2 in what they are seeing. Do you stop to try and 3 what they are looking at Do you ask them what they see
I have learned that there is always something 4 to see and hear about if I spend the time 5 . The first time I did this I got a(n) 6 to see my first bald eagle down the trail. The person who 7 the eagle told me there was a pair who were always around the 8 . I have not seen the eagle since, but I keep my eyes 9 .
And just a few days ago was 10 home and saw a young man looking 11 upwards. I slowed down my steps and asked what he was looking at. He was so 12 and amazed; he had never seen that breed of bird before and did not know the bird's 13 . I looked devotedly and finally saw the small 14 he was looking at, a Downy woodpecker. It was then busy making holes in a tree. We 15 with amazement as the woodpecker was 16 . The young man stood on his side of the road and I on mine, and we 17 the birds he had seen. I shared with him the little bit of knowledge that I have about woodpeckers and 18 that I was correct. As we 19 , he thanked me very politely for chatting with him.
The 20 was so worth sharing because each of us was amazed by what we had witnessed and experienced.
1.A.other than B.instead of C.due to D.at sight of
2.A.absorbed B.disappointed C.strict D.expert
3.A.put away B.find out C.make up D.do with
4.A.interesting B.unforgettable C.awful D.shocking
5.A.thinking B.checking C.testing D.asking
6.A.goal B.choice C.chance D.inspiration
7.A.pointed out B.saw through C.held up D.referred to
8.A.person B.path C.eagle D.time
9.A.bright B.wet C.clean D.open
10.A.driving B.walking C.riding D.flying
11.A.attentively B.sadly C.delightedly D.anxiously
12.A.enthusiastic B.tiresome C.excited D.envious
13.A.home B.feature C.habit D.name
14.A.hole B.partner C.bird D.tree
15.A.sought B.watched C.screamed D.froze
16.A.sitting B.working C.nesting D.playing
17.A.feed B.freed C.discussed D.recorded
18.A.suspected B.promised C.claimed D.hoped
19.A.parted B.dined C.recalled D.dated
20.A.creature B.survey C.idea D.moment
7. There was a time I had to count every single penny I spent. I had to keep a 1 in my head while shopping. I would stand there and 2 things up over and over again. There was this time during the 3 when I was 4 at Joe's because way back then they had the most wheat-free food and I had a baby newly 5 with an allergy(过敏). I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up.
The total was too 6 . I couldn't buy everything. I didn't want my card 7 . I looked through everything trying to 8 what to put back. I kept everything everyone else would have loved, but put back the one thing I loved. It was a simple 9 package of chicken. But that package was what put the total over budget.
I hated the feeling of not being able to 10 that $3.29 package of chicken. But that was 11 and I moved on and 12 about it. It was what I had to do.
That night our doorbell rang. It was 13 because it was extremely cold and late. I went to the door, opened it, and on my front steps were bags of food. On the top of the first bag, I saw the chicken, the same kind 14 before I put them back.
I cannot 15 the feeling of realizing that 16 in my aloneness I wasn't alone. The feeling that I 17 . The feeling of 18 . I still have no idea who put all of that food on my doorstep. My kids were 19 about all the goods. At that moment I knew I was 20 in this holiday.
1.A.balance B.secret C.diary D.budget
2.A.use B.total C.clean D.tear
3.A.holidays B.nights C.journeys D.weekends
4.A.working B.shopping C.searching D.trading
5.A.charged B.filled C.troubled D.familiar
6.A.frightening B.high C.ambiguous D.unreasonable
7.A.broken B.declined C.exchanged D.lost
8.A.make up B.switch off C.figure out D.relate to
9.A.large B.impressive C.attractive D.frozen
10.A.afford B.raise C.cook D.corsume
11.A.life B.love C.crime D.eagerness
12.A.argued B.complained C.forgot D.heard
13.A.rude B.acceptable C.strange D.unavoidable
14.A.days B.weeks C.seconds D.hours
15.A.describe B.escape C.follow D.understand
16.A.almost B.rather C.often D.even
17.A.mattered B.failed C.valued D.ignored
18.A.pride B.sorrow C.appreciation D.pressure
19.A.embarrassed B.puzzled C.curious D.excited
20.A.discriminated B.accompanied C.awarded D.refreshed
8. Early last summer I bought some yam(山药) roots for food. In many a day, one tuber(植物块茎) left in the kitchen was not 1 to eat any longer. Thinking it was a waste of money to throw it away, I 2 the tuber into a flower pot hoping that it might take root and 3 something that could be put on the dinner table.
In the following months I watered the tuber regularly. The 4 yam grew very well. Soon it was autumn, and I decided to 5 . I pulled out the yam plant and began to dig with my 6 . I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers 7 the yam root.
When almost no 8 was left, I tried to pull the root but I failed. In 9 , I pushed the pot over. Half of the yam root had grown through one of three holes 10 . The sight filled me with awe(敬畏). Then and there I 11 my opinion of the climbing plant.
The whole tuber, 12 two parts, one in and one out of the pot, was in the 13 of a handwritten L. Unlike ordinary yam roots, the part outside the pot was not round. It was 14 , looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a 15 .
The very end of the part outside the pot was 16 . Obviously, the skin must have been rubbed off during his 17 with the heavy pot. The very tip of the flat part was 18 . Needless to say, it was not damaged by me but by the pot.
I came to understand that the tuber, though 19 wounded, had struggled hard. Such was a Chinese yam, an ordinary-looking climbing plant with 20 characteristics.
1.A.attractive B.suitable C.special D.easy
2.A.put B.threw C.buried D.hid
3.A.consume B.produce C.contain D.catch
4.A.deserted B.forgotten C.chosen D.potted
5.A.check B.try C.harvest D.move
6.A.children B.friends C.tools D.fingers
7.A.touched B.pulled C.hurt D.grasped
8.A.earth B.root C.water D.plant
9.A.astonishment B.excitement C.embarrassment D.puzzlement
10.A.at the side B.on the left C.at the bottom D.near the edge
11.A.expressed B.changed C.maintained D.proved
12.A.cut into B.connected with C.consisting of D.looking like
13.A.style B.form C.pattern D.way
14.A.flat B.long C.thin D.shiny
15.A.difference B.contribution C.fortune D.living
16.A.skinless B.discolored C.small D.dry
17.A.:growth B.struggle C.lifecycle D.relationship
18.A.dirty B.rough C.broken D.stuck
19.A.endlessly B.temporarily C.accidentally D.seriously
20.A.tough B.unique C.typical D.genetic
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-5 CADDB 6-10 ABACD 11-15 ADBCC 16-20 BBACD
解析：1.根据上文中的"enjoyed living with my dogs"和下文中的"keep my loneliness at bay"可知, 两只宠物狗的陪伴(companionship)让作者没那么孤独。ownership"所有权, 产权, 物主身份"。
2.结合语境可知, 尽管作者去约会了, 但是她对于能否遇到志同道合的人心存疑虑(reservations)。
3.结合常识可知, 第一次约会的时候, 作者了解到(learned)Steve有一只狗和一只猫。
4.根据上文可知, 作者是一位动物爱好者, 因此, 作者对于Steve也是一位动物爱好者感到兴奋(thrilled)。
5.根据空后宾语从句中的内容可知, 作者对于和四只小动物在一起相处的前景感到担忧。worry"担心, 担忧"; regret"惋惜, 懊悔"。
6.根据上文中的"a cat, Flora"和空后的"the cat"可知, 此处指的是小猫Flora。
7.根据常识和语境可知, 第二周, 作者和Steve一起去遛(walked)狗。
8.由上文中的"It was a hot day"可知, 作者和Steve停下来喘口气。catch one's breath"歇口气, 喘口气"。
9.根据上文中的"The next week"可知, 这只是两人开始约会的第二周, 这个时候求婚有点过于快(soon)了。
10.结合语境可知, 作者对于关爱动物的人会很有好感。因此, 看到Steve给自己的小狗喂水的那一刻, 作者爱上了Steve。by all means"当然可以"; in that moment"那一刻"。
11.上文提到了作者爱上了Steve, 因此, 两人继续(continued)约会。
12.根据下文中的"climbing the stairs could reopen the wound"可以推断, Tilly的腿(leg)做了手术。
13.此处与上文中的"I took the dogs out four times a day"呼应, 据此可以判断, 每天外出四次会让Tilly不停地(constantly)爬楼梯, 作者担心这样会让它的伤口裂开。
14.根据下文中的"The three dogs formed a pack...We made good housemates"可以推测, 为了解决Tilly不停爬楼梯的问题, Steve推荐了他自己的房子。suggest"推荐, 举荐"。
15.根据下文中描述的其乐融融、一派祥和的景象可知, 作者和她的宠物们搬到Steve家后一切都很顺利。
16.根据上文中的描述"my dogs might attack 6 , the cat"可知, 作者曾担心她的小狗和Steve的小猫无法和平共处。再根据上下文可知, 经过训练后, 三只小狗抱作一团, 它们尊重(respected)小猫Flora的生活空间。
17.根据上文中的"Tilly had an operation on her 12 "和语境可知, 作者和Steve共同照顾(caring for)Tilly。
18.结合常识和下文中的"this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me"可知, 作者当时肯定很开心。to one's delight"令某人高兴的是"; to one's credit"值得赞扬的是"; to one's disadvantage"对某人不利的是"。
19.作者早就爱上了Steve, 因此, Steve没有单膝跪地求婚, 作者也不需要(need)他这么做。
20.此处呼应第三段中的"He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs...I began to fall for him", 故选D项。
2.答案：1-5 CBADC 6-10 CBDAB 11-15 BACAD 16-20 ABCDD
解析：1.根据下文中的"making oneself unable to be seen"可推断, 避开(escaping)别人的目光, 使自己不被人看见, 这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。
2.根据下文中的"They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 "可知, 他们常常只是用手遮住自己的眼睛, 把身体其他部位暴露在外, 由此可推断, 他们不擅长隐藏。
3.参见上题解析。
4.考查逻辑推断。这种无效的隐藏方法被认为(interpreted)是儿童是一种完全"以自我为中心"的生物的证据。support"支持"; guarantee"保证"; imagine"想象"。
5.根据语境可知, 我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊奇的(surprising)研究发现反驳(contradicted)了那个观点。
6.参见上题解析。explain"解释"; confirm"证实"; test"测试"。
7.由上句中的"children"可知, 此处是指每个孩子(child)都与一名成人坐在一起。
8.考查逻辑推断。由下句中的"hear"可推断出此空填"ears"。
9.考查逻辑推断。由上句中的"eyes"可推断出此空填"see"。
10.根据语境可知, 当成年人捂住自己的嘴时, 同样的事情(thing)发生了。
11.这么一来(Now), 孩子们说他们不能和她说话。
12.考在逻辑推断。由上文的"mouth"可推断出此空填"speak"。
13.根据语境可知, 许多实验(experiments)排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题这种可能性。instructions"指示, 命令, 用法说明"; description"描述"; assumption"假设"。
14.孩子们理解(comprehended)这些问题, 并且确切地(exactly)知道他们被问到了什么。predict"预言"; explore"探索"; ignore"忽视"。
15.参见上题解析。partly"部分地"; honestly"诚实地"; vaguely"含糊地"。
16.根据语境可知, 他们对这些问题的回答(responses)反映了他们真实的看法(belief): "只有你也能看到我, 我才能看到你。"approach"方法"; contribution"贡献"; sensitivity"体贴, 敏感"。
17.参见上题解析。ability"能力"; identity"身份"; purpose"目的"。
18.根据语境可知, 他们只是坚持(insist on)相互的承认和尊重。hold back"隐瞒, 阻止"; make up"构成, 编造, 补足(某数量)"。
19.根据语境可知, 我们的研究发现(findings)表明, 当孩子在头上盖一条毯子"隐藏"时, 这并不是自我中心主义的结果。limitation"限制"; requirement"必备条件"; theory"理论"。
20.根据语境可知, 事实上, 当其他人使用这种方法时, 孩子们认为它是有效的(effective)。tentative"不确定的"; impressive"令人赞叹的, 给人印象深刻的"; creative"创造(性)的"。
3.答案：1-5 BACAD 6-10 DBACC 11-115 BDBAD 16-20 DCACB
解析：1.考查动词。关注后句句意。句意:伯奇尔出差住在(staying)酒店,并计划去拜访该地区的一些朋友。
2.考查动词。关注前后句句意。句意:伯奇尔出差住在酒店,并计划去拜访(visit)该地区的一些朋友。
3.考查动词。关注前后句句意。句意:他们让他从东部带 (bring)—些辣香肠过来。
4.考查动词。关注前后句句意和前后句的逻辑关系。句意:因此他将手提箱塞满(filled) 了辣香肠。根据设空处所在句中的So可知本句与上一句构成因果关系。
5.考查形容词。关注前后句句意。句意:由于他担心 (worried)天气太暖和,所以他把它摊开放在靠近开着的窗户的桌子上。
6.考查动词。关注前后句句意和前后句逻辑关系。句意: 由于他担心天气太暖和,所以他把它摊开放在(laid)靠近开着的窗户的桌子上。
7.考查形容词。关注句意和上下文逻辑关系。此处表示 “他以为辣香肠是安全的(safe)”。根据下文可知,他离开了房间,故此处表达的是他对此非常放心。
8.考查动词。关注上下文语境。由下文"walking down thelong ______ and opening the door to my room"可知此处表示“离开”。
9.考查形容词。关注上下文逻辑关系。根据下文所述可知,因为把辣香肠放在靠窗的桌子上,事情出错(wrong) 了。
10.考查名词。关注后文提示。此处表示“我记得走过长长的门厅(hall),打开我房间的门,却发现了一整群海鸥”。
11.考查名词。关注前后句句意和词汇呼应。此处表示“伯奇尔在他最近写给这家四星级酒店的道歉(apology)信中说道”。文章倒数第二段中的apologize与设空处词汇呼应。
12.考查形容词。关注前后句句意和前后句逻辑。根据上下文描述可知,海鸥立即发狂(went wild) 了。
13.考查动词短语。关注前后句句意。此处表示“三四十只鸟同一时间都试图逃出去(get out)”。
14.考查名词。关注上文语境。此处表示“真是一团糟 (mess)”。
15.考查动词。关注前后句逻辑关系。根据设空处上一句说的“现在年纪大了,也更聪明了,伯奇尔把那次事件归咎于年轻人的莽撞。”可以知道,他是说自己成熟了(matured)。
16.考查名词。关注前后句句意。此处表示“我为我的行为 (actions)承认责任”。
17.考查习语。关注前后句逻辑关系。此处表示“我来找你,恭恭敬敬地(hat in hand),为我间接造成的破坏道歉,并请求你重新考虑对我入住酒店的终身禁令”。
18.考查副词。关注上下文逻辑。由上文可知,海鸥直接破坏了房间,他是间接(indirectly)造成了破坏。
19.考查动词。关注作者的情感。从他写道歉信的态度可以看出他希望得到酒店的原谅,希望他们重新考虑 (reconsider)对他入住酒店的禁令。
20.考查动词。关注前后句逻辑关系。文章最后一句表明酒店自从2001年就下禁令了,现在又欢迎伯奇尔再次入住。 由此可知,伯奇尔的道歉信起作用(worked) 了。
4.答案：1-5 BDAAC 6-10 DBCDA 11-15 CBBCA 16-20 DCABD
解析：1.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"I left my company at lunch hour to buy some groceries."和下文中的"back within an hour"可知, 作者是在午休时间出来买食品的, 需要在一个小时之内赶回去, 因此作者的购物时间非常有限。故选B。
2.考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知, 作者的购物时间非常有限, 因此作者需要做的只是去拿那些购物单中列出的东西。故选D。
3.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"I released"及语境可知, 作者的购物时间非常有限, 因此当作者看到超市没什么人的时候, 作者如释重负地松了一口气。故选A。
4.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"After parking"可知, 此处表示作者要在一小时内开车返回。故选A。
5.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"only one people ahead of me"及语境可知, 作者找了一个前面只有一个人的队伍去排队。故选C。
6.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者注意到收银台处有三个收银员, 但只有一个打包员。故选D。
7.考查连词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者前面的女士在叹气, 因为收银员既要计算价格又要打包顾客买的东西导致速度变慢。故选B。
8.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"I gave the cashier a big smile"可知, 轮到作者结账的时候, 作者给了收银员一个大大的微笑。故选C。
9.考查副词辨析。根据下文中的"grabbing items to run through the scan"及语境可知, 此处表示收银员很快转移了注意力去忙着计算作者买的东西的价格。故选D。
10.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"there was a dozen of people behind me"及语境可知, 收银员尽可能快速地操作以缩短队伍。故选A。
11.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"which obviously made the cashier sigh too"可知, 作者听到了排在后面的顾客的抱怨。故选C。
12.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"obviously made the cashier sigh too"可知, 收银员看起来压力很大。故选B。
13.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"I knew the answer was a negative one"及语境可推知, 收银员打电话请求帮助。故选B。
14.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"from her face I knew the answer was a negative one"及语境可知, 收银员请求帮助失败, 所以她又叹了一口气。此处应用"escape"表示不自觉地发出一种声音。故选C。
15.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I was once a cashier in my youth"可知, 作者曾经也当过收银员, 所以作者完全理解这位收银员的感受。故选A。
16.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者年轻时也曾当过收银员, 所以作者完全理解这位收银员面对这种情况时的感受。故选D。
17.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I'll bag while you finish ringing up, OK "及下文中的"Sure, that would be great"可知, 收银员没有拒绝作者提供的帮助。故选C。
18.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"she lifted the bags into my cart and then I paid"及语境可知, 收银员完成了她的工作后, 把几包物品放在了作者的购物车里。故选A。
19.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"Thanks again for helping out"及语境可知, 相比于其他顾客, 作者不仅没有抱怨而且还帮助了收银员, 所以收银员非常感谢作者帮忙解决困境和作者的耐心等待。故选B。
20.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"Another smile"及语境可知, 作者的举动使收银员和作者自己都很开心。固定搭配make one's day意为"使某人很开心"。故选D。
5.答案：1-5 ABDCD 6-10 ACBCA 11-15 BDCAA 16-20 BDDCB
解析：1.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"a toy at the store"可知, Norris在商店里挑选了一只玩具狗。A项意为"挑选", 符合语境。故选A。
2.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"she put it back"可知, 玩具狗的价钱超出了Fox的预算, 所以她把它放回了原处。B项意为"预期的", 符合语境。故选B。
3.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"He was screaming."及语境可知, Norris崩溃了。D项意为"精神崩溃", 符合语境。故选D。
4.考查副词辨析。根据上文中的"rushed out"及语境可知, Fox以最快的速度冲了出去。C项意为"迅速地", 符合语境。故选C。
5.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"He was screaming."及语境可知, Norris在尖叫, Fox感觉很糟糕。D项意为"糟糕的", 符合语境。故选D。
6.考查副词辨析。根据语境可知, Fox努力把Norris放到车座上。A项意为"努力地, 费力地", 符合语境。故选A。
7.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"The lady came up behind me"及语境可知, 一位女士带着一只玩具狗朝Fox走来。C项意为"靠近", 符合语境。故选C。
8.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 这位女士问道: "这是他想要的吗 " B项意为"想要", 符合语境。故选B。
9.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"she gave it to me and I handed it to Norris and he just calmed down"及语境可知, 此处指Fox向那位女士表示感谢。C项意为"感谢", 符合语境。故选C。
10.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I offered to pay for this toy but"及语境可知, Fox打算付钱给那位女士, 但是那位女士拒绝了。A项意为"拒绝", 符合语境。故选A。
11.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 这位女士解释说, 她理解Fox, 因为她自己也有小孩。B项意为"小孩", 符合语境。故选B。
12.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"Thousands of people have liked the post and hundreds have commented about the act"及语境可知, Fox把这件事发布到了Facebook上。D项意为"发布", 符合语境。故选D。
13.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, Norris和这个玩具形影不离。C项意为"分离", 符合语境。故选C。
14.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 数百人对(这位女士的)善举发表了评论。A项意为"友好的行为", 符合语境。故选A。
15.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"people are just comforting and they love the story"及语境可知, Fox很高兴, 因为人们在安慰她, 并且他们喜欢这个故事。A项意为"高兴的", 符合语境。故选A。
16.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, Fox希望那位女士可以看到这篇文章。她希望那位女士知道她自己有多棒。B项意为"令人赞叹的", 符合语境。故选B。
17.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指这位女士没有以貌取人。D项意为"外貌, 外表", 符合语境。故选D。
18.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"she understood because she had _____"及语境可知, 那位女士帮助Fox只是因为她自己也是一位母亲。D项意为"母亲", 符合语境。故选D。
19.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"a lesson"及语境可知, Fox认为将心比心是每个人都应该学习的课程。C项意为"学习", 符合语境。故选C。
20.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, 如果有更多的人像那位女士这样, 我们会更积极乐观。B项意为"积极乐观的", 符合语境。故选B。
6.答案：1-5 BABAD 6-10 CABDB 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 BCDAD
解析：1.考查介词短语辨析。根据上文中的"their attention paid to the branches of a tree or the ground"和下文中的"their steps"可知, 人们把注意力放在树枝上或是地面上, 而不是自己的步伐上。故选B。
2.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"their attention paid to the branches of a tree or the ground"及语境可知, 人们完全专注于他们看的东西。故选A。
3.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"what they are looking at"并结合语境可知, 此处表示你会停下来试着去弄明白他们在看什么吗。故选B。
4.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者了解到总会有一些有趣的事情(值得)我们去看、去听。故选A。
5.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"hear about"和下文"I slowed down my steps and asked what he was looking at."可知, 作者知道如果自己花时间去询问总会听到一些有趣的事情。故选D。
6.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者得到一个了解白头海雕的机会。故选C。
7.考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的"to see my first bald eagle down the trail"及语境可知, 此处指那个指出那只白头海雕的人。故选A。
8.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"see my first bald eagle down the trail"及语境可知, 此处指一对白头海雕经常出现在这条街道附近。故选B。
9.考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"I have not seen the eagle since"及语境可知, 尽管作者从那以后再也没见过白头海雕, 但作者一直都留意观察。故选D。
10.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"I slowed down my steps"及语境可知, 此处指作者在走回家的路上看到一个年轻人。故选B。
11.考查副词辨析。根据下文中的"he had never seen that breed of bird before"可知, 那个年轻人在全神贯注地向上看。故选A。
12.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"and amazed; he had never seen that breed of bird before"可知, 那个年轻人既兴奋又惊奇。故选C。
13.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"he had never seen that breed of bird before"及下文中的"a Downy woodpecker"可知, 那个年轻人不知道这只鸟的名字。故选D。
14.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"that breed of bird"可知, 作者看到了那个年轻人正在观察的那只鸟。故选C。
15.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I looked devotedly and finally saw the small _____ he was looking at"可知, 作者和那个年轻人惊奇地看着那只鸟工作。故选B。
16.考查动词辨析。根据上文"It was then busy making holes in a tree."及语境可知, 那只啄木鸟正在工作。故选B。
17.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"for chatting with him"可知, 作者和那个年轻人讨论年轻人看到的那只鸟。故选C。
18.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I shared with him the little bit of knowledge that I have about woodpeckers"及下文中的"that I was correct"可知, 此处指作者只了解一点有关啄木鸟的知识, 所以作者希望自己(说的内容)是对的。故选D。
19.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 在与作者分开时, 那个年轻人礼貌地感谢作者和他交谈。故选A。
20.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"because each of us was amazed by what we had witnessed and experienced"可知, 这一刻是值得分享的。故选D。
7.答案：1-5 DBABC 6-10 BBCDA 11-15 ACCDA 16-20 DACDB
解析：1.考查名词辨析。根据上文"There was a time I had to count every single penny I spent."可知, 作者生活拮据, 在购物时不得不把预算记在脑海中。D项意为"预算", 符合语境。故选D。
2.考查动词辨析。根据下文"I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up."及语境可知, 作者站在那里, 一遍又一遍地计算这些东西的(价格的)总和。total sth. up意为"计算......的总和", 符合语境。故选B。
3.考查名词辨析。根据最后一段最后一句"At that moment I knew I was _____ in this holiday."可知, 作者讲述的事情发生在假期期间。A项意为"假期", 符合语境。故选A。
4.考查动词辨析。根据下文"I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up."及语境可知, 作者在购物。B项意为"在商店购物", 符合语境。故选B。
5.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"with an allergy(过敏)"及语境可知, 作者的孩子受到过敏的困扰。C项意为"烦恼的", 符合语境。故选C。
6.考查形容词辨析。根据下文"I couldn't buy everything."可知, 所购物品的总价太高了。B项意为"高的", 符合语境。故选B。
7.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"what to put back"及语境可知, 作者不希望自己的卡被拒绝付款。B项意为"谢绝", 符合语境。故选B。
8.考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知, 作者逐一查看了所有东西, 试图想出该放回去的东西。C顶意为"想出", 符合语境。故选C。
9.考查形容词辨析。根据上文"I stood in the frozen food section adding everything up."可知, 此处表示一包冷冻鸡肉。D项意为"冷冻的", 符合语境。故选D。
10.考查动词辨析。根据上文"I couldn't buy everything"及语境可知, 作者讨厌买不起那包3.29美元的鸡肉的感觉。A项意为"买得起", 符合语境。故选A。
11.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指但这就是生活。A项意为"生活", 符合语境。故选A。
12.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I moved on"及语境可知, 作者继续前行, 忘记这件事。C项意为"忘记", 符合语境。故选C。
13.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"because it was extremely cold and late"可知, 因为天气非常冷并且很晚了, 所以有人敲门很奇怪。C项意为"奇怪的", 符合语境。故选C。
14.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"That night"及语境可知, 作者看见了和自己几个小时之前放回去的一样的鸡肉。D项意为"小时", 符合语境。故选D。
15.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者无法描述这种感觉。A项意为"描述", 符合语境。故选A。
16.考查副词辨析。根据下文中的"I wasn't alone"及语境可知, 作者无法描述那种意识到即使自己独自一人也并不孤单的感觉。D项意为"即使", 符合语境。故选D。
17.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指自己是重要的感觉。A项意为"要紧", 符合语境。故选A。
18.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处指感激的感觉。C项意为"感激", 符合语境。故选C。
19.考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者的孩子们看到这些物品非常兴奋。D项意为"兴奋的", 符合语境。故选D。
20.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I wasn't alone"及语境可知, 那一刻作者意识到在这个假期是有人陪伴着自己的。B项意为"陪伴", 符合语境。故选B。
8.答案：1-5 BCBDC 6-10 DAADC 11-15 BCBAD 16-20 ABCDA
解析：1.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"Thinking it was a waste of money to throw it away"可知, 此处表示许多天以后, 厨房里剩下的一块山药已经不再适合食用了。故选B。
2.考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"the tuber into a flower pot hoping that it might take root"可知, 作者把这块山药埋在了花盆里。故选C。
3.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"hoping that it might take root"和下文中的"something that could be put on the dinner table"可知, 作者希望栽在花盆里的山药生根并长出可食用的山药。故选B。
4.考查词义辨析。根据上文中的"I _____ the tuber into a flower pot"及语境可知, 栽在花盆里的山药长得很好。故选D。
5.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"Soon it was autumn"及语境可知, 很快便到了秋天, 作者决定收获果实。故选C。
6.考查名词辨析。根据下文"I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers _____ the yam root."可知, 作者用手指去挖花盆里的土。故选D。
7.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I pulled out the yam plant and began to dig with my _____. I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers"和下文中的"pull the root"可知, 作者在挖土的过程中手指触碰到了山药的根。故选A。
8.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 此处表示当花盆里几乎没有剩余的土时, 作者试图把山药根拔出来, 但是失败了。故选A。
9.考查名词辨析。根据上文"When almost no _____ was left, I tried to pull the root but I failed."可知, 花盆里几乎没有剩余的土了, 但当作者尝试把山药根拔出来时, 却失败了。因此作者很困惑。故选D。
10.考查介词短语辨析。根据上文中的"I pushed the pot over"可知, 作者把花盆推倒后, 才发现一半的山药根已经从花盆底部的三个孔中的一个孔里钻了出来。故选C。
11.考查动词辨析。根据上文"The sight filled me with awe(敬畏)."及语境可知, 之后作者改变了自己对这种攀缘植物的看法。故选B。
12.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"one in and one out of the pot"可知, 整个山药块由两部分组成, 一部分在花盆里, 一部分在花盆外。故选C。
13.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"The whole tuber, _____ two parts, one in and one out of the pot"和下文中的"a handwritten L"及语境可知, 山药块的形状像手写的英文字母"L"。故选B。
14.考查形容词辨析。根据上文"Unlike ordinary yam roots, the part outside the pot was not round."和下文中的"looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a _____"以及"The very tip of the flat part was _____."可知, 不同于普通的圆形山药根, 花盆外山药根的形状是扁平的。故选A。
15.考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a"及语境可知, 花盆外山药根的形状是扁平的, 看起来像一位为了谋生而辛苦劳动的老农的粗壮的手指。故选D。
16.考查形容词辨析。根据下文"Obviously, the skin must have been rubbed off during his _____ with the heavy pot."可知, 山药皮被摩擦掉了, 即花盆外山药根的末端没有皮。故选A。
17.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"with the heavy pot"和"I came to understand that the tuber, though _____ wounded, had struggled hard."可知, 此处表示山药根与沉重的花盆作斗争。故选B。
18.考查形容词辨析。根据下文"Needless to say, it was not damaged by me but by the pot."可知, 花盆外山药的尖端部位已经破损了。故选C。
19.考查副词辨析。根据上文内容及语境可知, 作者逐渐明白虽然山药严重受损, 但还在顽强地生长。故选D。
20.考查形容词辨析。根据上文"I came to understand that the tuber, though _____ wounded, had struggled hard."可知, 虽然山药受损严重, 但还在顽强地生长。看似普通的攀缘植物却具有如此坚韧的品质。故选A。