2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一、二册每周一测：第十一周（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一、二册每周一测：第十一周（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-23 00:01:57 | ||
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第十一周——2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一、二册每周一测
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Researchers have found a village that may have been home to the builders of Stonehenge. The village of small houses dates back to about 2600 BC. That's about the same time Stonehenge was built. "Clearly, this is a place that was of great importance," said researcher Mike Parker Pearson.
The ancient houses are at a site known as Durrington Walls. It is about 3.2 kilometres from Stonehenge. Researchers believe Stonehenge was a memorial site or cemetery for the villagers. The village also had a wooden version of the stone circle. It may have been used by people attending festivals at Stonehenge.
Eight of the houses have been dug up. Researchers say there may be as many as 25 of them. The wooden houses were square and about 5 metres along each side. There are signs that there were beds along the walls. There are also signs of a storage unit. The houses also had fireplaces.
Two of the houses were separate from the others. They may have been the homes of community leaders. Researchers say those didn't have the household rubbish that was found in the other homes.
Stone tools, animal bones, arrowheads and other things were found throughout the village site.
Stonehenge is a popular tourist spot in England. It is a huge circle made out of stones, which were placed in a grass field in southern England. The stone arches were made with two stones at the bottom and one across the top. All of the stones weigh a lot more than a big car. Scientists have long wondered not only how people built Stonehenge, but also why.
1.The passage is mainly about _______.
A.researchers working at Stonehenge B.a village site near Stonehenge
C.the wooden version of Stonehenge D.builders of Stonehenge and the houses
2.What were the ancient houses made of
A.Stones. B.Animal bones.
C.Wood. D.Household rubbish.
3.What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage
A.Stonehenge was built before 2600 BC.
B.Stonehenge was built in the village.
C.Stonehenge was built for the community leaders.
D.Stonehenge was important for the villagers.
B
Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.
1.What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1
A.They are often forgotten by their owners.
B.They are used to living outdoors.
C.They build their own shelters.
D.They like to stay in warm places.
2.Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather
A.To know when to bring them inside. B.To keep them from eating bad food.
C.To help them find shelters. D.To keep them company.
3.If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may .
A.run short of clean water B.dig deep holes for fun
C.dirty the snow nearby D.get lost in the wild
4.What is the purpose of this text
A.To solve a problem. B.To give practical advice.
C.To tell an interesting story. D.To present a research result.
C
If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.
Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China s Gansu Province. The 1,651-year-old Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2,000 buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is China's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At firsts she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their way. "The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed," she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. "Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we can't completely stop them from being eroded. But the digital database will last."
Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt. "I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, I'm full of guilt," she said. Fan, 79, retired two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political adviser.
1.Which of the following measures didn't Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes
A.Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B.Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.
C.Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online.
D.Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity.
2.When was Fan separated from her husband
A. In 1963.
B. In 1967.
C. In 1986.
D. In the late 1990s.
3.The phrase "in their way" in Paragraph 4 means _______.
A.Go to a place.
B.Be in favor of something.
C.Reject something.
D.Give in to something.
4.What kind of person do you think Fan is
A.Considerate and easy-going.
B.kind and intelligent.
C.Humorous and sweet-tempered.
D.Devoted and persistent.
D
The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific Ocean, off the western coast of South America. They are a rocky, lonely spot, but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises(乌龟) left on Earth.
Weighing hundreds of pounds, these tortoises go slowly around the rocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, each of these islands has its own particular kinds of tortoises. There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, and each kind is slightly different from the other.
Hundreds of years ago, thousands of tortoises were around these islands. However, all that changed when people started landing there. When people first arrived in 1535, crews would seize as many tortoises as they could. They would roll the tortoises onto their backs when they were brought onto the ships. The tortoises were completely helpless once on their backs, so they could only lie there until used for soups and stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises were carried off in this way.
The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived, bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises. Donkeys and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs, dogs and cats ate thousands of baby tortoises each year. Within a few years, it was hard to find any tortoise eggs or even any baby tortoises.
Finally, in the 1950s, scientists decided that something must be done. The first part of their plan was to remove as many cats, dogs and other animals as they could from the islands. Next, they tried to make sure that more baby tortoises would be born. This slow, hard work continues today, and, thanks to it, the number of tortoises is now increasing every year. Perhaps these wonderful animals will not disappear after all.
1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A.The Galapagos Islands are the biggest islands in the Pacific Ocean.
B.The giant tortoises have all left the Galapagos Islands already.
C.The giant tortoises made the Galapagos Islands unusual places.
D.People have built many homes for the giant tortoises on the islands.
2.What is special about the tortoises according to Paragraph 2
A.They weigh hundreds of pounds.
B.They move around very slowly.
C.There are different kinds of tortoises.
D.They are larger than the ones in other places.
3.Which of the following happened first
A.Sailors took tortoises aboard the ships.
B.Scientists decided to take measures to protect the tortoises.
C.Pigs, dogs and cats ate many baby tortoises.
D.Settlers brought other animals to the islands.
4.What happened soon after people brought animals to the islands
A.Tortoise eggs were kept in safe containers.
B.The animals ate the tortoises' food and eggs.
C.The tortoises continued to wander freely.
D.The tortoises fought against the other animals.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every person has time for exercise. The way is to take steps to include exercise convenient for your lifestyle. After I started getting into a habit of exercising, I was surprised by how much I could get done in a day, both physically and mentally. You can make exercise a part of your daily lifestyle. ①_________
Start small.
One of the reasons why exercise programs fail is that we bite off more than we can chew. Instead of telling yourself you're going to exercise today for an hour, tell yourself you're going to exercise for five minutes. ②_________
Break your exercise into parts.
No time for 30 minutes of exercise No problem. Do three bouts(一回) of 10 minutes, or six bouts of five minutes each. ③_________ Just keep a running table of how many minutes you exercise each day to ensure you're getting the minimum you desire.
④_________
Devices such as Fitbit activity trackers(跟踪系统) turn exercise into a game of sorts. Each day, you can measure how many steps you've taken. Many people find this attractive to their competitive spirits, and they take great pains to meet their goals. The technology is there, and it's very affordable.
Exercise with someone else.
⑤_________ You don't want to let him or her down, even if you're feeling like you'd rather not work out. Find someone and start moving. You'll be able to inspire one another and celebrate your success.
A. Use technology to help.
B. Always stay active with exercise.
C. Yes, just five minutes and get up to walk around.
D. Here are four steps to help you do it effectively.
E. You'll still get the same time, no matter how you break it down.
F. High-tech products are becoming popular with many young people.
G. It's much more difficult to say "no" to exercise when you have an exercise partner.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father and I always had a bit of trouble in our relationship. It’s not that we didn’t love each other. It’s just that we used to have 1 opinions. My dad is one of the most hard-working men I know, but I was a(n) 2 . I played sports as a kid, but 3 when I was making progress. Then I showed an 4 in music. My father got excited and 5 me a guitar when I was about eight. But I didn’t like it until I was a teenager. During those teen years, I took up my guitar and 6 playing along.
Then I went to college. My father thought I should focus more on my 7 when I had more fun playing music. I dreamed to be a musician. When I grew into a young man, I suddenly fell 8 ill one day and it was discovered that I had a terrible kidney (肾) disease. I had to accept treatments all my life, or get a transplant (移植).
I felt like there was a heavy 9 on my shoulders. Life became hard for me. But I was lucky enough because of my loving parents who 10 me and took care of me. While trying to 11 just what to do with my life, my father got tested to see 12 he was the right man to give me his kidney. I tried to refuse, but he’d hear 13 of it. He saved my life at last.
Two years ago, I 14 a band. He had always wanted to play in a band, but 15 got the chance when he was young. It was one of the greatest gifts I could give to him.
1.A.special B.different C.private D.necessary
2.A.musician B.coach C.actor D.dreamer
3.A.gave up B.gave out C.gave off D.gave away
4.A.introduction B.influence C.increase D.interest
5.A.expected B.threw C.bought D.praised
6.A.began B.regretted C.finished D.meant
7.A.hobbies B.studies C.skills D.choices
8.A.similarly B.hardly C.seriously D.harmfully
9.A.weight B.disadvantage C.disagreement D.disbelief
10.A.provided B.encouraged C.afforded D.managed
11.A.decide B.behave C.build D.doubt
12.A.how B.whether C.why D.what
13.A.each B.all C.much D.none
14.A.made in B.made of C.made from D.made up
15.A.almost B.completely C.never D.always
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Polar bears live in a special environment that is too cold for most animals. For much of the year, they live and hunt on the 1.________(freeze) Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared them for the cold conditions but nothing has prepared them for the danger 2.________ threatens their only home.
The polar bears' world is melting. Polar bears 3.________(suffer) in a warmer world are in danger. Studies show that the polar ice 4.________(decrease) by 9. 8% every 10 years since 1979. At present, about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in
the Arctic. Polar bears depend 5.________ the sea ice for their 6.________(survive). "The sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk on," says Andrew Derocher, who studies North American polar bear populations, "Without 7.________, they can't exist."
Some melting and refreezing of the sea ice is 8.________(nature). But in a warmer world, these cycles speed up, and bears have less time to hunt.
9.________(normal), they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight and the extra fat is used later, when the bears are not actively hunting.
So it is important 10.________(protect) the environment and keep the ecological balance.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华，你的笔友Jason对中国文化非常感兴趣，打算来中国参观一些世界文化遗产。请你根据所给信息，给Jason写一封电子邮件，介绍洛阳的龙门石窟。
名称 龙门石窟(Longmen Grottoes)
地理位置 位于河南省洛阳市南郊的伊河两岸，离市区12.5千米。
开凿时间 从北魏至北宋，历经400多年。
艺术价值 1.是中国古代雕刻艺术的重要组成部分，现存有窟龛(niche) 2300多个，造像(image) 10万余尊； 2.反映了中国古代政治、经济(economy)、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化。
注意：
1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数);
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jason,
I am glad to know you are coming to visit China. I am writing to recommend one of the World Heritage Sites in China—Longmen Grottoes. ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope you'll have a good time in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I was a mother of four children, working at a low-paid job. Money was always valuable, but we had a roof over our heads, food on the table, and clothes in the wardrobe. I always tell myself to be brave and strong. I hope all my efforts would be worthwhile, as long as my children can grow up healthily. It was Christmas time. We drove downtown to see the Christmas lights, and enjoyed a special dinner, but the big excitement for the kids was the fun of Christmas shopping at the mall. This was a tradition of my family, so they all looked forward to the coming of the season of goodwill. They talked and planned for weeks ahead of time, asking each other what they wanted for Christmas.
The big day arrived and we started out early. I gave each of the four kids a twenty-dollar bill and asked them to search for gifts. Then everyone scattered (分散开) with the bill. I sat at a table in a café waiting for my children and enjoying an instant of silence. It must be a happy day.
Back in the car driving home, everyone was excited about Christmas, laughing and asking each other about what they had bought. I noted Ginger, my younger daughter had only one small and flat bag with her. I could see enough through the plastic bag to tell that she had bought candy bars—fifty-cent candy bars! What did she do with that twenty-dollar bill I had given her I was so angry. After getting home, I called her into my bedroom and closed the door. I couldn't hold back my anger and shouted at her, "What about the rest of the money No one would be convinced all these candies are worth 20 dollars. What do you want to do with the rest of the money "
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. ___________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My anger disappeared. _________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 BCD
解析：1.主旨大意题。文章第一段中第一句提到研究人员发现了著名遗迹"巨石阵"附近的一个村落遗址。它可能是"巨石阵"建造者们居住的村子。故B项概括全面。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段可知这些古老的房子是用木头做的。
3.推理判断题。第一段中第二句表明A项错误;根据 第二段第二句可知B项也不对;根据第二段第三句可知C项错误;根据第二段可知D项正确。巨石阵对村庄很重要。
B
答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.D。根据“Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are.”可知,猫等宠物也像人一样习惯于暖和的住所,所以D正确。
2.A。根据第二段中的“If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too.”可知:当你感到冷的时候就会进房间,它们也是如此,所以A正确。
3.A。根据文章第三段中的“a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink”可知,当水盆被冻之后,宠物就可能找不到干净的水喝,故选A。
4.B。根据第一段的中心句“There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe. ”可知,这是一篇说明文,其目的是为了给养宠物的人们一些实用的建议。
C
答案：1-4 ABCD
解析：1.细节理解题。A项不是保护敦煌的举措，也不是樊锦诗采取的。根据文章第三段和第五段段意得出植树、拍摄并分类这些遗迹、给洞穴安上门，监测温度和湿度，都是保护敦煌的措施。故选A。
2.细节理解题，根据文章最后一段Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation，可知1986年的19年前是1967年，故选B。
3.词义猜测题。下文"The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed," she said.可知"如果这份遗产被列入名录，它早就被毁了。"由此可知她坚决反对当地政府将敦煌莫高窟 公诸于众的计划，"in their way"的意思是"反对某事"，故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据文章可知樊锦诗放弃照顾家庭，一生守卫敦煌的事迹，可判断出樊锦诗具有奉献的和坚持不懈的精神，故选D。
D
答案：1-4 CCAB
解析：1.细节理解题。从第一段中的"but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises(乌龟) left on Earth. "可知大乌龟让the Galapagos Islands成为一个不寻常的地方，选C项。
2.细节理解题。从第二段中的"There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, and each kind is slightly different from the other."可知大乌龟有许多不同的种类，故选C项。
3.细节理解题。从第三段中的"When people first arrived in 1535, crews would seize as many tortoises as they could. They would roll the tortoises onto their backs when they were brought onto the ships."可知一开始是有水手将大乌龟带到船上，故选A项。
4.细节理解题。从第四段中的"Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived, bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises. Donkeys and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs, dogs and cats ate thousands of baby tortoises each year."可知水手们带来的动物吃了大乌龟的食物和蛋，选B项。
第二节
答案：DCEAG
解析：这是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了如何锻炼身体。
①上文提到了锻炼对身心的益处,再根据下文中的四个小标题可知,下文作者提出了一些锻炼的方式,D项中的four steps与之对应,故选D项。
②上文中的"tell yourself you're going to exercise for five minutes"是作者的建议,与C项中的"just five minutes"相呼应。
③由该段小标题可知,作者建议你可以把锻炼分成几部分来进行,文中以30分钟的锻炼为例,可以将其分为3次,每次10分钟,或6次,每次5分钟。故E项"无论你怎样拆分,你依然会得到同样的时间"总结了上文的内容。
④空处是小标题。该段讲述了可以使用一些设备来记录每天走的步数,这样可以督促你进行锻炼。A项"Use technology to help"适合作本段的小标题。
⑤本段中作者建议在锻炼时找一个同伴,这种方式可以激励自己进行锻炼。G项中的"when you have an exercise partner"与之相呼应。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1.答案：B
2.答案：D
3.答案：A
4.答案：D
5.答案：C
6.答案：A
7.答案：B
8.答案：C
9.答案：A
10.答案：B
11.答案：A
12.答案：B
13.答案：D
14.答案：D
15.答案：C
第二节
答案：1.frozen 2.that which 3.suffering 4.has decreased 5.on 6.survival 7.it 8.natural 9.Normally 10.to protect
解析：1.考查形容词。这里应用形容词修饰名词，再根据语境应用frozen"封冻的，结冰的"。
2.考查定语从句。分析 句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the danger，且在定语从句中作主语， 所以用关系代词that/ which。
3.考查非谓语动词。Polar bears是suffer的逻辑主语，所以用动词的-ing形式suffering作后置定语。
4.考查动词的时态。 根据since 1979可知，应用现在完成时，所以用 has decreased。
5.考查介词。depend on是固定短语，意为“依靠”。
6.考查名词。此处应用名词作宾语，所以用survival，意为“生存”。
7.考查代词。根据语境可知，此处应用it指代The sea ice，这里是指没有海冰，北极熊就不能生存。
8.考查词形转换。空处作表语，应用形容词natural，此处表示一些海冰的融化和再结冰是自然现象。
9.考查副词。这里应用副词修饰全句，故用Normally，意为“通常情况下”。
10.考查非谓语动词。本句是 it is+adj.(+for sb. )+ to do 句型。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Jason,
I am glad to know you are coming to visit China. I am writing to recommend one of the World Heritage Sites in China—Longmen Grottoes.
The Longmen Grottoes stand on the banks of the Yi River, 12.5 kilometres south of Luoyang City in Henan Province. The carving project began in the Northern Wei Dynasty and lasted for more than 400 years until the Northern Song Dynasty. At present there are over 2, 300 niches, more than 100,000 images. The grottoes are an important part of ancient Chinese sculptures, and show great changes in ancient Chinese politics, economy, religion, culture and so on.
The Longmen Grottoes is well worth a visit because of its long history and natural beauty.
I hope you'll have a good time in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案： She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. She told me that she was looking around, wondering what to buy when at the mall. Suddenly, she saw an old lady in ragged clothes. It seemed that the old lady was homeless. It was Christmas. She thought the old lady needed a gift as well. So she took out her money to buy a pair of warm boots for her. Though she only left herself the money for some candy bars, she felt that it was worthwhile.
My anger disappeared. Never had I thought my daughter had her own idea to help others. I felt regretful that I just had shouted at her. How I wish I had listened to her explanation. I said, "Oh, dear, it is your own right to deal with the money. Whatever you do, I should be supportive. Forgive me!" She said nothing but smiled at me. I had never felt so rich as I did that day.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Researchers have found a village that may have been home to the builders of Stonehenge. The village of small houses dates back to about 2600 BC. That's about the same time Stonehenge was built. "Clearly, this is a place that was of great importance," said researcher Mike Parker Pearson.
The ancient houses are at a site known as Durrington Walls. It is about 3.2 kilometres from Stonehenge. Researchers believe Stonehenge was a memorial site or cemetery for the villagers. The village also had a wooden version of the stone circle. It may have been used by people attending festivals at Stonehenge.
Eight of the houses have been dug up. Researchers say there may be as many as 25 of them. The wooden houses were square and about 5 metres along each side. There are signs that there were beds along the walls. There are also signs of a storage unit. The houses also had fireplaces.
Two of the houses were separate from the others. They may have been the homes of community leaders. Researchers say those didn't have the household rubbish that was found in the other homes.
Stone tools, animal bones, arrowheads and other things were found throughout the village site.
Stonehenge is a popular tourist spot in England. It is a huge circle made out of stones, which were placed in a grass field in southern England. The stone arches were made with two stones at the bottom and one across the top. All of the stones weigh a lot more than a big car. Scientists have long wondered not only how people built Stonehenge, but also why.
1.The passage is mainly about _______.
A.researchers working at Stonehenge B.a village site near Stonehenge
C.the wooden version of Stonehenge D.builders of Stonehenge and the houses
2.What were the ancient houses made of
A.Stones. B.Animal bones.
C.Wood. D.Household rubbish.
3.What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage
A.Stonehenge was built before 2600 BC.
B.Stonehenge was built in the village.
C.Stonehenge was built for the community leaders.
D.Stonehenge was important for the villagers.
B
Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.
1.What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1
A.They are often forgotten by their owners.
B.They are used to living outdoors.
C.They build their own shelters.
D.They like to stay in warm places.
2.Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather
A.To know when to bring them inside. B.To keep them from eating bad food.
C.To help them find shelters. D.To keep them company.
3.If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may .
A.run short of clean water B.dig deep holes for fun
C.dirty the snow nearby D.get lost in the wild
4.What is the purpose of this text
A.To solve a problem. B.To give practical advice.
C.To tell an interesting story. D.To present a research result.
C
If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.
Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China s Gansu Province. The 1,651-year-old Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2,000 buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is China's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At firsts she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their way. "The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed," she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. "Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we can't completely stop them from being eroded. But the digital database will last."
Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt. "I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, I'm full of guilt," she said. Fan, 79, retired two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political adviser.
1.Which of the following measures didn't Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes
A.Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B.Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.
C.Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online.
D.Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity.
2.When was Fan separated from her husband
A. In 1963.
B. In 1967.
C. In 1986.
D. In the late 1990s.
3.The phrase "in their way" in Paragraph 4 means _______.
A.Go to a place.
B.Be in favor of something.
C.Reject something.
D.Give in to something.
4.What kind of person do you think Fan is
A.Considerate and easy-going.
B.kind and intelligent.
C.Humorous and sweet-tempered.
D.Devoted and persistent.
D
The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific Ocean, off the western coast of South America. They are a rocky, lonely spot, but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises(乌龟) left on Earth.
Weighing hundreds of pounds, these tortoises go slowly around the rocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, each of these islands has its own particular kinds of tortoises. There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, and each kind is slightly different from the other.
Hundreds of years ago, thousands of tortoises were around these islands. However, all that changed when people started landing there. When people first arrived in 1535, crews would seize as many tortoises as they could. They would roll the tortoises onto their backs when they were brought onto the ships. The tortoises were completely helpless once on their backs, so they could only lie there until used for soups and stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises were carried off in this way.
The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived, bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises. Donkeys and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs, dogs and cats ate thousands of baby tortoises each year. Within a few years, it was hard to find any tortoise eggs or even any baby tortoises.
Finally, in the 1950s, scientists decided that something must be done. The first part of their plan was to remove as many cats, dogs and other animals as they could from the islands. Next, they tried to make sure that more baby tortoises would be born. This slow, hard work continues today, and, thanks to it, the number of tortoises is now increasing every year. Perhaps these wonderful animals will not disappear after all.
1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A.The Galapagos Islands are the biggest islands in the Pacific Ocean.
B.The giant tortoises have all left the Galapagos Islands already.
C.The giant tortoises made the Galapagos Islands unusual places.
D.People have built many homes for the giant tortoises on the islands.
2.What is special about the tortoises according to Paragraph 2
A.They weigh hundreds of pounds.
B.They move around very slowly.
C.There are different kinds of tortoises.
D.They are larger than the ones in other places.
3.Which of the following happened first
A.Sailors took tortoises aboard the ships.
B.Scientists decided to take measures to protect the tortoises.
C.Pigs, dogs and cats ate many baby tortoises.
D.Settlers brought other animals to the islands.
4.What happened soon after people brought animals to the islands
A.Tortoise eggs were kept in safe containers.
B.The animals ate the tortoises' food and eggs.
C.The tortoises continued to wander freely.
D.The tortoises fought against the other animals.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every person has time for exercise. The way is to take steps to include exercise convenient for your lifestyle. After I started getting into a habit of exercising, I was surprised by how much I could get done in a day, both physically and mentally. You can make exercise a part of your daily lifestyle. ①_________
Start small.
One of the reasons why exercise programs fail is that we bite off more than we can chew. Instead of telling yourself you're going to exercise today for an hour, tell yourself you're going to exercise for five minutes. ②_________
Break your exercise into parts.
No time for 30 minutes of exercise No problem. Do three bouts(一回) of 10 minutes, or six bouts of five minutes each. ③_________ Just keep a running table of how many minutes you exercise each day to ensure you're getting the minimum you desire.
④_________
Devices such as Fitbit activity trackers(跟踪系统) turn exercise into a game of sorts. Each day, you can measure how many steps you've taken. Many people find this attractive to their competitive spirits, and they take great pains to meet their goals. The technology is there, and it's very affordable.
Exercise with someone else.
⑤_________ You don't want to let him or her down, even if you're feeling like you'd rather not work out. Find someone and start moving. You'll be able to inspire one another and celebrate your success.
A. Use technology to help.
B. Always stay active with exercise.
C. Yes, just five minutes and get up to walk around.
D. Here are four steps to help you do it effectively.
E. You'll still get the same time, no matter how you break it down.
F. High-tech products are becoming popular with many young people.
G. It's much more difficult to say "no" to exercise when you have an exercise partner.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father and I always had a bit of trouble in our relationship. It’s not that we didn’t love each other. It’s just that we used to have 1 opinions. My dad is one of the most hard-working men I know, but I was a(n) 2 . I played sports as a kid, but 3 when I was making progress. Then I showed an 4 in music. My father got excited and 5 me a guitar when I was about eight. But I didn’t like it until I was a teenager. During those teen years, I took up my guitar and 6 playing along.
Then I went to college. My father thought I should focus more on my 7 when I had more fun playing music. I dreamed to be a musician. When I grew into a young man, I suddenly fell 8 ill one day and it was discovered that I had a terrible kidney (肾) disease. I had to accept treatments all my life, or get a transplant (移植).
I felt like there was a heavy 9 on my shoulders. Life became hard for me. But I was lucky enough because of my loving parents who 10 me and took care of me. While trying to 11 just what to do with my life, my father got tested to see 12 he was the right man to give me his kidney. I tried to refuse, but he’d hear 13 of it. He saved my life at last.
Two years ago, I 14 a band. He had always wanted to play in a band, but 15 got the chance when he was young. It was one of the greatest gifts I could give to him.
1.A.special B.different C.private D.necessary
2.A.musician B.coach C.actor D.dreamer
3.A.gave up B.gave out C.gave off D.gave away
4.A.introduction B.influence C.increase D.interest
5.A.expected B.threw C.bought D.praised
6.A.began B.regretted C.finished D.meant
7.A.hobbies B.studies C.skills D.choices
8.A.similarly B.hardly C.seriously D.harmfully
9.A.weight B.disadvantage C.disagreement D.disbelief
10.A.provided B.encouraged C.afforded D.managed
11.A.decide B.behave C.build D.doubt
12.A.how B.whether C.why D.what
13.A.each B.all C.much D.none
14.A.made in B.made of C.made from D.made up
15.A.almost B.completely C.never D.always
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Polar bears live in a special environment that is too cold for most animals. For much of the year, they live and hunt on the 1.________(freeze) Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared them for the cold conditions but nothing has prepared them for the danger 2.________ threatens their only home.
The polar bears' world is melting. Polar bears 3.________(suffer) in a warmer world are in danger. Studies show that the polar ice 4.________(decrease) by 9. 8% every 10 years since 1979. At present, about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in
the Arctic. Polar bears depend 5.________ the sea ice for their 6.________(survive). "The sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk on," says Andrew Derocher, who studies North American polar bear populations, "Without 7.________, they can't exist."
Some melting and refreezing of the sea ice is 8.________(nature). But in a warmer world, these cycles speed up, and bears have less time to hunt.
9.________(normal), they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight and the extra fat is used later, when the bears are not actively hunting.
So it is important 10.________(protect) the environment and keep the ecological balance.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华，你的笔友Jason对中国文化非常感兴趣，打算来中国参观一些世界文化遗产。请你根据所给信息，给Jason写一封电子邮件，介绍洛阳的龙门石窟。
名称 龙门石窟(Longmen Grottoes)
地理位置 位于河南省洛阳市南郊的伊河两岸，离市区12.5千米。
开凿时间 从北魏至北宋，历经400多年。
艺术价值 1.是中国古代雕刻艺术的重要组成部分，现存有窟龛(niche) 2300多个，造像(image) 10万余尊； 2.反映了中国古代政治、经济(economy)、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化。
注意：
1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数);
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jason,
I am glad to know you are coming to visit China. I am writing to recommend one of the World Heritage Sites in China—Longmen Grottoes. ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope you'll have a good time in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I was a mother of four children, working at a low-paid job. Money was always valuable, but we had a roof over our heads, food on the table, and clothes in the wardrobe. I always tell myself to be brave and strong. I hope all my efforts would be worthwhile, as long as my children can grow up healthily. It was Christmas time. We drove downtown to see the Christmas lights, and enjoyed a special dinner, but the big excitement for the kids was the fun of Christmas shopping at the mall. This was a tradition of my family, so they all looked forward to the coming of the season of goodwill. They talked and planned for weeks ahead of time, asking each other what they wanted for Christmas.
The big day arrived and we started out early. I gave each of the four kids a twenty-dollar bill and asked them to search for gifts. Then everyone scattered (分散开) with the bill. I sat at a table in a café waiting for my children and enjoying an instant of silence. It must be a happy day.
Back in the car driving home, everyone was excited about Christmas, laughing and asking each other about what they had bought. I noted Ginger, my younger daughter had only one small and flat bag with her. I could see enough through the plastic bag to tell that she had bought candy bars—fifty-cent candy bars! What did she do with that twenty-dollar bill I had given her I was so angry. After getting home, I called her into my bedroom and closed the door. I couldn't hold back my anger and shouted at her, "What about the rest of the money No one would be convinced all these candies are worth 20 dollars. What do you want to do with the rest of the money "
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. ___________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My anger disappeared. _________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 BCD
解析：1.主旨大意题。文章第一段中第一句提到研究人员发现了著名遗迹"巨石阵"附近的一个村落遗址。它可能是"巨石阵"建造者们居住的村子。故B项概括全面。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段可知这些古老的房子是用木头做的。
3.推理判断题。第一段中第二句表明A项错误;根据 第二段第二句可知B项也不对;根据第二段第三句可知C项错误;根据第二段可知D项正确。巨石阵对村庄很重要。
B
答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.D。根据“Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are.”可知,猫等宠物也像人一样习惯于暖和的住所,所以D正确。
2.A。根据第二段中的“If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too.”可知:当你感到冷的时候就会进房间,它们也是如此,所以A正确。
3.A。根据文章第三段中的“a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink”可知,当水盆被冻之后,宠物就可能找不到干净的水喝,故选A。
4.B。根据第一段的中心句“There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe. ”可知,这是一篇说明文,其目的是为了给养宠物的人们一些实用的建议。
C
答案：1-4 ABCD
解析：1.细节理解题。A项不是保护敦煌的举措，也不是樊锦诗采取的。根据文章第三段和第五段段意得出植树、拍摄并分类这些遗迹、给洞穴安上门，监测温度和湿度，都是保护敦煌的措施。故选A。
2.细节理解题，根据文章最后一段Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation，可知1986年的19年前是1967年，故选B。
3.词义猜测题。下文"The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed," she said.可知"如果这份遗产被列入名录，它早就被毁了。"由此可知她坚决反对当地政府将敦煌莫高窟 公诸于众的计划，"in their way"的意思是"反对某事"，故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据文章可知樊锦诗放弃照顾家庭，一生守卫敦煌的事迹，可判断出樊锦诗具有奉献的和坚持不懈的精神，故选D。
D
答案：1-4 CCAB
解析：1.细节理解题。从第一段中的"but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises(乌龟) left on Earth. "可知大乌龟让the Galapagos Islands成为一个不寻常的地方，选C项。
2.细节理解题。从第二段中的"There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, and each kind is slightly different from the other."可知大乌龟有许多不同的种类，故选C项。
3.细节理解题。从第三段中的"When people first arrived in 1535, crews would seize as many tortoises as they could. They would roll the tortoises onto their backs when they were brought onto the ships."可知一开始是有水手将大乌龟带到船上，故选A项。
4.细节理解题。从第四段中的"Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived, bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises. Donkeys and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs, dogs and cats ate thousands of baby tortoises each year."可知水手们带来的动物吃了大乌龟的食物和蛋，选B项。
第二节
答案：DCEAG
解析：这是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了如何锻炼身体。
①上文提到了锻炼对身心的益处,再根据下文中的四个小标题可知,下文作者提出了一些锻炼的方式,D项中的four steps与之对应,故选D项。
②上文中的"tell yourself you're going to exercise for five minutes"是作者的建议,与C项中的"just five minutes"相呼应。
③由该段小标题可知,作者建议你可以把锻炼分成几部分来进行,文中以30分钟的锻炼为例,可以将其分为3次,每次10分钟,或6次,每次5分钟。故E项"无论你怎样拆分,你依然会得到同样的时间"总结了上文的内容。
④空处是小标题。该段讲述了可以使用一些设备来记录每天走的步数,这样可以督促你进行锻炼。A项"Use technology to help"适合作本段的小标题。
⑤本段中作者建议在锻炼时找一个同伴,这种方式可以激励自己进行锻炼。G项中的"when you have an exercise partner"与之相呼应。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1.答案：B
2.答案：D
3.答案：A
4.答案：D
5.答案：C
6.答案：A
7.答案：B
8.答案：C
9.答案：A
10.答案：B
11.答案：A
12.答案：B
13.答案：D
14.答案：D
15.答案：C
第二节
答案：1.frozen 2.that which 3.suffering 4.has decreased 5.on 6.survival 7.it 8.natural 9.Normally 10.to protect
解析：1.考查形容词。这里应用形容词修饰名词，再根据语境应用frozen"封冻的，结冰的"。
2.考查定语从句。分析 句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the danger，且在定语从句中作主语， 所以用关系代词that/ which。
3.考查非谓语动词。Polar bears是suffer的逻辑主语，所以用动词的-ing形式suffering作后置定语。
4.考查动词的时态。 根据since 1979可知，应用现在完成时，所以用 has decreased。
5.考查介词。depend on是固定短语，意为“依靠”。
6.考查名词。此处应用名词作宾语，所以用survival，意为“生存”。
7.考查代词。根据语境可知，此处应用it指代The sea ice，这里是指没有海冰，北极熊就不能生存。
8.考查词形转换。空处作表语，应用形容词natural，此处表示一些海冰的融化和再结冰是自然现象。
9.考查副词。这里应用副词修饰全句，故用Normally，意为“通常情况下”。
10.考查非谓语动词。本句是 it is+adj.(+for sb. )+ to do 句型。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Jason,
I am glad to know you are coming to visit China. I am writing to recommend one of the World Heritage Sites in China—Longmen Grottoes.
The Longmen Grottoes stand on the banks of the Yi River, 12.5 kilometres south of Luoyang City in Henan Province. The carving project began in the Northern Wei Dynasty and lasted for more than 400 years until the Northern Song Dynasty. At present there are over 2, 300 niches, more than 100,000 images. The grottoes are an important part of ancient Chinese sculptures, and show great changes in ancient Chinese politics, economy, religion, culture and so on.
The Longmen Grottoes is well worth a visit because of its long history and natural beauty.
I hope you'll have a good time in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案： She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. She told me that she was looking around, wondering what to buy when at the mall. Suddenly, she saw an old lady in ragged clothes. It seemed that the old lady was homeless. It was Christmas. She thought the old lady needed a gift as well. So she took out her money to buy a pair of warm boots for her. Though she only left herself the money for some candy bars, she felt that it was worthwhile.
My anger disappeared. Never had I thought my daughter had her own idea to help others. I felt regretful that I just had shouted at her. How I wish I had listened to her explanation. I said, "Oh, dear, it is your own right to deal with the money. Whatever you do, I should be supportive. Forgive me!" She said nothing but smiled at me. I had never felt so rich as I did that day.