人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters基础知识巩固（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters基础知识巩固（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-23 12:33:15 | ||
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人教课标高一必修1 Unit 4基础知识巩固
基础知识归纳
单词
名词
与灾难有关：earthquake, quake, ruin, suffering, rescue, disaster, damage
与新闻有关：event, title, reporter, outline, headline
其它：well, pipe, million, nation, canal, steam, dirt, brick, dam, track, electricity, mine, miner, shelter, bar, congratulation, judge, cyclist
动词
burst, injure, destroy, shock, trap, bury, frighten, express
形容词
extreme, frightened, frightening, useless
副词
sincerely
短语
词汇表
right away, as if, at an end, in ruins, dig out, a (great) number of
单元中
come / run / jump out of, think little of, cut across, blow away, give milk, instead of, fall down, coal mines, natural disaster-hit areas
句式
1. ... too ... to ...
例句：In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
2. All ... not ... (= Not all ...)
例句：All hope was not lost. (= Not all hope was lost.)
语法
由that, which, who, whom, whose引导的定语从句
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. ____________ vi. 爆裂；爆发 n.突然破裂；爆发
2. ____________ v. 破坏；毁坏；消灭
3. ____________ n.& vt.援救；营救
4. ____________ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
5. ____________ adv. 真诚地；真挚地
6. ____________ vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境
7. _____________ n. 灾难；灾祸
8. ____________ n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
9. ____________ n.& vt. 损失；损害
10. ____________ n. 事件；大事
11. ____________ n. 电；电流；电学
12. ____________ n. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产
13. ____________ n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹
派生单词
14. _______________ adj. 极度的
→ _____________ adv. 极其地
15. _______________ v. 损害；伤害
→______________ n. 受伤；伤害
→______________ adj. 受伤的
16. _______________ vt. 表示；表达n. 快车；速递
→_____________ n. 词语；表示；表达
17. _______________ n. 祝贺；(复数)贺词
→_____________ v．祝贺
18. _______________ n. 裁判员；法官 v.断定；判断；判决
→_____________ n. 判断；判决
19. _______________ adj. 无用的；无效的
→_____________ adj. 有用的
20. _______________ v. (使)震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊
→_____________ adj. 震惊的
→_____________ adj. 令人震惊的
21. _______________ vt. 使惊吓；吓唬
→_____________ adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的
→_____________ adj. 令人恐惧的
短语
1. 立刻；马上 ____________________
2. 结束；终结 ____________________
3. 严重受损；破败不堪 ____________________
4. 掘出；发现 ____________________
5. 许多；大量的 ____________________
6. 评价很低；不重视 ____________________
7. 横穿；横跨 ____________________
8. 以……而自豪；引以为荣 _________________
句型
1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
too…to… 太……以至于不能……
2. It seemed as if the world was at an end!
as if引导表语从句
3. All hope was not lost.
all … not部分否定
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. My friend refused to talk about her family’s ________ (suffer) during the war.
2. This latest ________ (injure) must surely mean that her tennis career is now finished.
3. It is ________ (extreme) important to record everything that happens.
4. It’s ________ (use) trying to talk to her because she never listens.
5. She was ________ (frighten) to look down from the top of the tall building.
6. We sent Mary our ________ (congratulate) when she passed her examination.
7. I am very proud of this plan and I ________ (sincere) hope it will succeed.
8. Neighbors were ________ (shock) that such a terrible virus could happen in their area.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
right away, at an end, in ruins, dig out, a number of
1. It took him weeks to ________________ the truth from the conflicting evidence.
2. When she saw him come in, she decided to leave ________________.
3. This country was once proud of its education system. Now it seems to be ________________.
4. We sent thanks to ________________ people who have written to us offering their support.
5. Leaders hope that serious differences on the issue among their followers are now ________________.
III. 用关系代词补全下面对话。
Joe and Beth have been invited to a neighbor’s wedding.
Joe: What would you like to drink
Beth: Something 1. ________ I haven’t tried before, I think. Joe, can you see the man drinking orange juice
Joe: Is he the man 2. ________ repaired our roof in the summer
Beth: I think so. The day he came to our house was your birthday, wasn’t it
Joe: That’s right. But the work he did wasn’t very good, was it
Beth: No, it wasn’t. Do you know the woman 3. ________ is eating a piece of cake by the window
Joe: Yes. I’m sure she’s the woman 4. ________ dog bit my leg a month ago.
Beth: Oh, dear. Is there anyone here you want to talk to
Joe: I’d like to find the man 5. ________ plays music in his garden at six in the morning!
Beth: Joe! Try to be friendly. The new neighbor that I met in the street yesterday was really nice.
Joe: Yes, but did you think about the reason why she was nice She wanted to borrow two of our chairs.
IV. 根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。
1. 河水冲开了堤岸, 淹没了城镇。 (burst)
2. 他们被困在着火的旅馆里。 (trap)
3. 她把他们当作她的父母对待。 (as if )
4. 当我妹妹听到这个坏消息时，她把脸埋在手里开始哭了起来。 (bury)
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes and their effects have been studied from ancient times but it is only in the last hundred years 1. ________ technology has made a proper study of them possible. These technological 2. ________ (development) were soon followed by the recognition of the need to share information about earthquakes internationally. The International Seismological Centre (ISC) 3. ________ (set) up in 1964 with the help of UNESCO and is currently based in Berkshire, UK. Its aim is 4. ________ (prepare) and distribute summaries of the world’s seismic ( 地震的) activity, 5. ________ it has done for almost fifty years. Its data, 6. ________ (publish) as the ISC Bulletin, are used by thousands of seismologists all over the world to study the earth’s structure and assess 7. ________ (globe) earthquake risks. The ISC Bulletin consists of the locations and strengths of millions of seismic events such 8. ________ earthquakes, chemical and nuclear explosions, as well as mining activities, both large 9. ________ small, which were reported by seismic stations throughout the world, carefully checked and analyzed by ISC staff. Much has changed at ISC since 1964: its information which was 10. ________ (original) printed is now mostly freely available online, and the centre is no longer just involved in data collection but also in all areas of seismological development.
参考答案：
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. burst 2. destroy 3. rescue 4. bury 5. sincerely 6. trap 7. disaster
8. shelter 9. damage 10. event 11. electricity 12. ruin 13. track
派生单词
14. extreme extremely 15. injure injury injured
16. express expression 17. congratulation congratulate
18. judge judgement 19. useless useful
20. shock shocked shocking 21. frighten frightened frightening
短语
1. right away 2. at an end 3. in ruins 4. dig out
5. a (great) number of 6. think little of 7. cut across 8. be proud of
基础训练篇
I. 1. suffering 2. injury 3. extremely 4. useless
5. frightened 6. congratulations 7. sincerely 8. shocked
II. 1. dig out 2. right away 3. in ruins 4. a number of
5. at an end
III. 1. that 2. who / that 3. who / that 4. whose 5. who / that
IV. 1. The river burst its banks and flooded the town.
2. They were trapped in the burning hotel.
3. She treats them as if they were her parents.
4. My younger sister buried her face in her hands and began to cry when she heard the bad news.
能力提升篇
1. that 2. developments 3. was set 4. to prepare 5. which
6. published 7. global 8. as 9. and 10. originally
基础知识归纳
单词
名词
与灾难有关：earthquake, quake, ruin, suffering, rescue, disaster, damage
与新闻有关：event, title, reporter, outline, headline
其它：well, pipe, million, nation, canal, steam, dirt, brick, dam, track, electricity, mine, miner, shelter, bar, congratulation, judge, cyclist
动词
burst, injure, destroy, shock, trap, bury, frighten, express
形容词
extreme, frightened, frightening, useless
副词
sincerely
短语
词汇表
right away, as if, at an end, in ruins, dig out, a (great) number of
单元中
come / run / jump out of, think little of, cut across, blow away, give milk, instead of, fall down, coal mines, natural disaster-hit areas
句式
1. ... too ... to ...
例句：In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
2. All ... not ... (= Not all ...)
例句：All hope was not lost. (= Not all hope was lost.)
语法
由that, which, who, whom, whose引导的定语从句
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. ____________ vi. 爆裂；爆发 n.突然破裂；爆发
2. ____________ v. 破坏；毁坏；消灭
3. ____________ n.& vt.援救；营救
4. ____________ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
5. ____________ adv. 真诚地；真挚地
6. ____________ vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境
7. _____________ n. 灾难；灾祸
8. ____________ n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
9. ____________ n.& vt. 损失；损害
10. ____________ n. 事件；大事
11. ____________ n. 电；电流；电学
12. ____________ n. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产
13. ____________ n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹
派生单词
14. _______________ adj. 极度的
→ _____________ adv. 极其地
15. _______________ v. 损害；伤害
→______________ n. 受伤；伤害
→______________ adj. 受伤的
16. _______________ vt. 表示；表达n. 快车；速递
→_____________ n. 词语；表示；表达
17. _______________ n. 祝贺；(复数)贺词
→_____________ v．祝贺
18. _______________ n. 裁判员；法官 v.断定；判断；判决
→_____________ n. 判断；判决
19. _______________ adj. 无用的；无效的
→_____________ adj. 有用的
20. _______________ v. (使)震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊
→_____________ adj. 震惊的
→_____________ adj. 令人震惊的
21. _______________ vt. 使惊吓；吓唬
→_____________ adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的
→_____________ adj. 令人恐惧的
短语
1. 立刻；马上 ____________________
2. 结束；终结 ____________________
3. 严重受损；破败不堪 ____________________
4. 掘出；发现 ____________________
5. 许多；大量的 ____________________
6. 评价很低；不重视 ____________________
7. 横穿；横跨 ____________________
8. 以……而自豪；引以为荣 _________________
句型
1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
too…to… 太……以至于不能……
2. It seemed as if the world was at an end!
as if引导表语从句
3. All hope was not lost.
all … not部分否定
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. My friend refused to talk about her family’s ________ (suffer) during the war.
2. This latest ________ (injure) must surely mean that her tennis career is now finished.
3. It is ________ (extreme) important to record everything that happens.
4. It’s ________ (use) trying to talk to her because she never listens.
5. She was ________ (frighten) to look down from the top of the tall building.
6. We sent Mary our ________ (congratulate) when she passed her examination.
7. I am very proud of this plan and I ________ (sincere) hope it will succeed.
8. Neighbors were ________ (shock) that such a terrible virus could happen in their area.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
right away, at an end, in ruins, dig out, a number of
1. It took him weeks to ________________ the truth from the conflicting evidence.
2. When she saw him come in, she decided to leave ________________.
3. This country was once proud of its education system. Now it seems to be ________________.
4. We sent thanks to ________________ people who have written to us offering their support.
5. Leaders hope that serious differences on the issue among their followers are now ________________.
III. 用关系代词补全下面对话。
Joe and Beth have been invited to a neighbor’s wedding.
Joe: What would you like to drink
Beth: Something 1. ________ I haven’t tried before, I think. Joe, can you see the man drinking orange juice
Joe: Is he the man 2. ________ repaired our roof in the summer
Beth: I think so. The day he came to our house was your birthday, wasn’t it
Joe: That’s right. But the work he did wasn’t very good, was it
Beth: No, it wasn’t. Do you know the woman 3. ________ is eating a piece of cake by the window
Joe: Yes. I’m sure she’s the woman 4. ________ dog bit my leg a month ago.
Beth: Oh, dear. Is there anyone here you want to talk to
Joe: I’d like to find the man 5. ________ plays music in his garden at six in the morning!
Beth: Joe! Try to be friendly. The new neighbor that I met in the street yesterday was really nice.
Joe: Yes, but did you think about the reason why she was nice She wanted to borrow two of our chairs.
IV. 根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。
1. 河水冲开了堤岸, 淹没了城镇。 (burst)
2. 他们被困在着火的旅馆里。 (trap)
3. 她把他们当作她的父母对待。 (as if )
4. 当我妹妹听到这个坏消息时，她把脸埋在手里开始哭了起来。 (bury)
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes and their effects have been studied from ancient times but it is only in the last hundred years 1. ________ technology has made a proper study of them possible. These technological 2. ________ (development) were soon followed by the recognition of the need to share information about earthquakes internationally. The International Seismological Centre (ISC) 3. ________ (set) up in 1964 with the help of UNESCO and is currently based in Berkshire, UK. Its aim is 4. ________ (prepare) and distribute summaries of the world’s seismic ( 地震的) activity, 5. ________ it has done for almost fifty years. Its data, 6. ________ (publish) as the ISC Bulletin, are used by thousands of seismologists all over the world to study the earth’s structure and assess 7. ________ (globe) earthquake risks. The ISC Bulletin consists of the locations and strengths of millions of seismic events such 8. ________ earthquakes, chemical and nuclear explosions, as well as mining activities, both large 9. ________ small, which were reported by seismic stations throughout the world, carefully checked and analyzed by ISC staff. Much has changed at ISC since 1964: its information which was 10. ________ (original) printed is now mostly freely available online, and the centre is no longer just involved in data collection but also in all areas of seismological development.
参考答案：
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. burst 2. destroy 3. rescue 4. bury 5. sincerely 6. trap 7. disaster
8. shelter 9. damage 10. event 11. electricity 12. ruin 13. track
派生单词
14. extreme extremely 15. injure injury injured
16. express expression 17. congratulation congratulate
18. judge judgement 19. useless useful
20. shock shocked shocking 21. frighten frightened frightening
短语
1. right away 2. at an end 3. in ruins 4. dig out
5. a (great) number of 6. think little of 7. cut across 8. be proud of
基础训练篇
I. 1. suffering 2. injury 3. extremely 4. useless
5. frightened 6. congratulations 7. sincerely 8. shocked
II. 1. dig out 2. right away 3. in ruins 4. a number of
5. at an end
III. 1. that 2. who / that 3. who / that 4. whose 5. who / that
IV. 1. The river burst its banks and flooded the town.
2. They were trapped in the burning hotel.
3. She treats them as if they were her parents.
4. My younger sister buried her face in her hands and began to cry when she heard the bad news.
能力提升篇
1. that 2. developments 3. was set 4. to prepare 5. which
6. published 7. global 8. as 9. and 10. originally