北师大版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Lesson1 Language points 课件44张

(共44张PPT)
1. a dog that is defeated by other dogs
被其他狗打败的一只狗
defeat vt. to win a victory over someone in a war,
competition, game etc (在比赛、战争中) 战胜，打败
e.g. I think Jack can defeat all the other runners.
defeat n. [C,U] failure to win or succeed
失败；战胜，击败
e.g. a big / bad defeat 大败
a narrow defeat 惜败
suffer a defeat 遭遇失败
admit defeat 认输
win, beat & defeat
defeat/
beat
宾语为对手时，两者可通用
beat多用于竞争、比赛、辩论等
defat的宾语通常是敌人
win
表示在竞争中取得胜利
不能接人，但可说win sb. over
(把某人争取过来)
宾语多是game, match, race,
election, prize等
【语境应用】用win或defeat的适当形式填空。
1) Class One _______ Class Five at the football match on Friday.
2) Who _______ yesterday, Jenny or Alice
defeated
won
2. During all those hours of doing jump shots on his own, he used Bogues as his inspiration.
在他自己练跳投的那段时间里，他把博格斯作为自己的激励者。
inspiration n. a good idea about what you should do, write, say etc, especially one which you get suddenly 激励，鼓舞；灵感
a person, experience, place etc that gives you new ideas for something you do 给人以灵感的人/物
inspire v. 鼓舞；赋予灵感；使产生(情感)
inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
inspired adj. 受……影响的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的, 激励人的
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1) 他说过的话激励着我更加努力地工作。
2) 这位老师正在和他的学生谈话，希望能使他们有自信。
3) 他的妻子给予了他第一部小说的灵感。
What he said inspired me to work harder.
The teacher is talking with his students, hoping to inspire them with self-confidence / self-confidence in them.
His wife inspired his first novel.
3. Paul had to try out many times just for making the team.
保罗为了入选球队，不得不多次争取。
try out for sth.: to try to be chosen as a member of a team, for a part in a play etc 争取成为；参加选拔
【拓展】与try相关的短语
try out 试用，试验，测试
try for 立志要，争取，谋求
try on 试穿(衣物)
try one’s best 尽力
【语境应用】用try的相关短语完成句子。
1) —I heard they failed again.
—Yeah, but they are _________ a new method.
2) Several pairs of shoes were ________, but none of them were satisfactory.
3) He __________ the Olympic 100 meters squad.
他参加了奥运会百米赛跑的选拔。
trying out
tried on
tried out for
4. Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone who worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team.
大家都知道保罗有真本事，他真的非常卖力，而且有着为球队效力的强烈愿望。
【句式分析】 Paul had real skills, and was someone who worked really hard…是省略了that的宾语从句，作knew的宾语；and连接并列成分had real skills和was someone…。宾语从句中，who worked really hard…是who引导的定语从句，修饰someone。
desire n. a strong hope or wish 渴望; 欲望
vt. to want something very much 渴望，期望
e.g. Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires
His boss desires him to finish the report within three days.
【归纳】
n. have a desire to do/ for sth. 有做某事的欲望
have no desire to do sth. 不想做某事
v. desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
注意：
desire后接从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
e.g. The manager desired that you (should) complete the work in one week.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Sam is a young man who has ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (强烈的权力欲).
2) I have long ________ ________ ________ ________ (渴望见到他们).
3) I desire that you ________ ________ ________ (努力工作).
a strong desire for power
desired to meet them
should work hard
5. Suddenly, a player and I crashed into each other.
突然，我和一个球员撞到了一起。
crash vi.&vt. to hit something or someone extremely hard while moving, in a way that causes a lot of damage or makes a lot of noise 猛撞
to have an accident in a car, plane etc by violently hitting something else（汽车、飞机）碰撞，撞击，撞毁
if a computer crashes, or if you crash the computer, it suddenly stops working 计算机出故障，崩溃
e.g. Amazingly, he survived when the plane crashed into the sea.
A ball came crashing through the window.
Yesterday I was surfing the Internet when the computer crashed.
crash n. an accident in which a vehicle violently hits something else 汽车、飞机）碰撞，坠毁
a sudden loud noise made by something falling, breaking etc 哗啦声，碰撞声
an occasion when a computer or computer system suddenly stops working 计算机出故障，崩溃
when the value of a country’s businesses suddenly falls by a large amount（商业）失败，凋敝
e.g. It is the worst train crash in twenty years.
There was a loud crash from the kitchen five minutes ago.
Many important files were lost because of frequent crashes of the computer system.
With the crash of the company, most of the workers lost their jobs.
【语境应用】写出下面句子中画线单词的词性及中文释义。
1) The man was seriously injured in a car crash.
________ ________________________
2) The thunder crashed. ________ ________
3) The data can be lost if the system suddenly crashes.
________ ___________________
4) The great financial crash in 1929 ruined international trade. ________ ______________
名词 （汽车，飞机）碰撞，坠毁
动词 发出巨响
动词 计算机出故障，崩溃
名词 （商业）失败，凋敝
6. The team gathered around, looking worried.
队员们围拢过来，看上去都很担心。
gather vi.&vt. to come together and form a group, or to make
people do this 聚集，集合
to get things from different places and put them together in one place 收集
【归纳】
gather round/ around 聚集，集合
gather together 聚集起来，合拢
gather in 收割，收获
gather speed/ force加快速度/加大力量
e.g. We gathered the children around us and sang songs.
Football fans gathered around the TV in the corner of the bar.
【拓展】
gathering n. 聚会；搜集
gather与collect
gather 集合、聚会，指从各处聚集而来。
collect 有目的、有选择并系统性地收集，侧重于“精心地、有选择性地收集”。
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
1) 我收拾行李的时候Tony就在一旁等待。
Tony waited when ______________________.
2) 孩子们聚集在一间屋子里，等待着他们的礼物。
The kids ________________________waiting for their gifts.
3. 你应该积蓄力量，为这个艰难形势做好准备。
You should ________________________ to prepare yourself for this difficult situation.
gather your strength
I gathered up my luggage
gathered together in a room
7. “I don’t think I can play anymore, coach.”
“我觉得我不能再打了，教练。”
not ……anymore: not any longer 不再……
e.g. Then the government built a new railway line, so they didn’t need the camels any more.
【拓展】
no more= not…anymore
no longer= not … any longer
表示数量和程度，一般常修饰短暂性动词，指某动作不再重复发生，它所表达的是never again或“没有更多”的含义。
【语境应用】翻译句子/一句多译。
1) 我做了错事，但我确信以后再也不会了。
I made a mistake, but I’m sure I won’t do it anymore.
2) 他不再是学生了。
He is no more a student. = He is not a student any more.
8. I said quietly as the doctor put an ice pack on my knee.
我平静地说，这时医生在我的膝盖上放了一个冰袋。
pack n. something wrapped in paper or packed in a
box and then sent by post or taken somewhere 包，包裹
e.g. The climber carried some food in a pack on his back.
pack vi.&vt. to put things into cases, bags etc ready for a trip
somewhere 把……包起来
e.g. You go and pack your things.
My things are all packed.
pack up 将（东西）装箱打包，收拾行李
e.g. It was only 5 a.m., but my mother had already packed up.
【语境应用】汉译英。
1) 所有这些书都要被装进箱子里。
2) 妈妈通常在鞋外面包层纸来保护它们。
All these books need to be packed into boxes.
Mother usually packs paper round the shoes to protect them.
3) 士兵们不得不背着沉重的包裹穿过好几英里高低不平的路面。
4) Mark已经辞掉工作周游世界去了。
Soldiers had to carry their heavy packs for miles across rough ground.
Mark has packed his job in, and gone off round the world.
9. “I won’t let you down!” Paul said.
“我不会让你失望的！” 保罗说。
let sb. down: to fail to give help or support to (someone who needs or expects it) 使失望，辜负（别人的信任或期望）
e.g. —If you don’t bring a birthday present to
Lucy, you may let her down.
—Thank you for reminding me. Surely I’ll buy her one
this evening.
let in 让……进来
let out 允许……离开；发出（叫声）；结束，下课
let go 放手，松开
let sb. go 释放某人，放走某人
let alone 更不用说，更谈不让（多用于否定句之后）
let… alone 不要管（惹、碰等）；不打扰，不惊动
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) The whole team count on Messi, and he seldom ________________.
整个队都指望着梅西, 他很少让他们失望。
2) He refused to admit his mistake, _______________ apologize to us for it.
他拒绝承认错误, 更不用说为此而向我们道歉了。
3) Open the window and _____________ some fresh air.
打开窗户，让新鲜的空气进来。
let them down
let alone
let in
10. And clearly, all the extra hours that he’d spent practising alone paid off.
很明显，他所付出的额外的单独训练都得到了回报。
【句式分析】that he’d spent practising alone 为定语从句，修饰先行词extra hours。
spend time (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事
e.g. The expert spent a lot of time (in) doing researches.
pay off: (of a risky policy, course of action, etc) bring good results; be successful; work 取得成功; 奏效
e.g. My hard work finally paid off when they called me for an interview (面试).
pay off: pay in full (money owed for sth.) 偿清，付清
e.g. Though working very hard, he couldn’t make enough money to pay off his debts.
pay off: pay the wages of sb. and dismiss him from a job 付清工资后解雇（某人）
e.g. The affair indicates that more employees will be paid off before long.
注意：
pay off “取得成功；奏效”，物作主语
“偿清，付清”，人作主语
【拓展】pay短语
pay for sth. 为某事吃苦头或受惩罚; 花钱买某物
pay back 偿还; 报复
pay attention to 注意
pay a visit to 访问
pay out (为某事) 付出大笔款项
pay down （分期或部分）支付；偿还
pay up 付清全部欠款
【语境应用】用pay的短语动词完成句子。
All her hard work ___________ in the end — she passed the exam!
2) I will ___________ the book whatever the price.
3) How can I _____ you _____ for all your kindness
4) I ___________ Mr. and Mrs. Smith yesterday afternoon.
pay for
paid off
pay back
paid a visit to
11. The other team just couldn’t keep up with his energy and speed.
另一支队简直无法跟上他的力量和速度。
keep up with: to manage to do as much or as well as other people 跟上，保持同步
e.g. They could not keep up with us when we climbed the
mountain.
【拓展】keep短语
keep down 限制；控制
keep off 挡住；（使）避开
keep on 继续（干）；坚持（干）
keep up 继续下去，保持
keep away from (doing) sth. 阻止某人（做）某事
keep out 留在外面，不进入
keep back 阻止；抑制；隐瞒
“v.+ up with”结构的短语
come up with 提出，想出（无被动语态和进行时态）
catch up with 赶上，追上（前面的人）；
赶上（其他人的水平）
end up with 以……结束
put up with 容忍，忍受
make up with 与……和解/ 和好
break up with 与……分手
【语境应用】用keep短语完成句子。
1) In some parks, visitors are requested to ___________ the grass.
2) Julie is one of those women who always ___________ the latest fashions.
3) The children could not _______ their voices _______ during class breaks.
4. He ___________ smoking after the doctor told him to stop.
keep off
keep up with
keep
kept on
down
12. …“you’ve just earned your place on the team, big guy!”
“你刚才已经赢得了你在球队的一席之地，大个子！”
earn vt. to receive money as payment for work that
you do; to get something that you deserve 赢得；博得
e.g. He soon earned the respect of the players.
Albert Einstein got a job in an office to earn his living.
earn a reputation 赢得声誉
earn one’s respect= earn the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬
earn one’s / a living 谋生（=make a living）
earn a fortune 挣大钱
earn money 挣钱（=make money）
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 你当护士挣钱并不多。
You don't ________________ being a nurse.
2) 我认为那一点为他赢得了极高的赞誉。
I think that's ___________________ admiration.
3) 他为谋生什么活都干。
He did all sorts of jobs to ____________.
earn much money
earned him very high
earn a living