人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration基础知识巩固（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration基础知识巩固（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-23 20:19:57 | ||
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人教课标高一 必修3 Unit 4基础知识巩固
基础知识归纳
Space exploration
Phrases
in the universe 在宇宙中
feel the gravity 感受到重力
space flight 太空飞行
space suits 太空服
man-made satellite 人造卫星
outer / deep space 外太空
space shuttle 航天飞机
orbit the earth 环绕地球轨道运行
establish a space station 建立一个空间站
weather / communications satellite 气象/通讯卫星
explore the mysteries of the universe 探索宇宙的秘密
send a spacecraft to the moon 向月球发射飞船
manned / unmanned spacecraft 载人/无人飞船
International Space Station 国际空间站
China National Space Administration 国家航天局
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 美国国家航空航天局
Sentences
We don’t know when the universe came into being.
我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。
That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.
对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。
This was the start of a new age of space travel.
这是太空旅行新时代的开端。
The future of space exploration remains bright.
太空探索的未来仍然光明。
The world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space.
我们这个世界依然只处于太空旅行的初级阶段。
People believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
人们坚信太空探索的重要性，尽管面临巨大的风险。
Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.
尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能使我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存。
基础知识默写
单词
__________ pron. & n. & adj. <英>万亿；<美>十亿
__________ n. 质量；团；块；大量；（复）群众
__________ n. 学说；理论
__________ n. 系统；体系；制度
__________ n. 球体；地球仪；地球
__________ n. 大气层；气氛
__________ n. 万有引力；重力
__________ n. 宇宙飞船
__________ adj. 温和的；文雅的
__________ n. 卫星；人造卫星
__________ n. 链子；连锁；锁链
float vi. & vt. （使）浮动；（使）漂浮 n. __________
puzzle n. 谜；难题 vt. & vi. __________
violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的（__________ n. 暴力；暴行）
harmful adj. 有害的（__________ n. 损害；危害）
exist vi. 存在；生存（__________ n. 存在；生存）
biology n. 生物学（biologist n. __________）
astronomy n. __________
atom n. __________
unlike prep. __________
fundamental adj. __________
acid n. __________
oxygen n. __________
pull n. & vt. __________
multiply vi. & vt. __________
thus adv. __________
dioxide n. __________
physicist n. __________
climate n. __________
crash vi. & vt. __________
carbon n. __________
短语
__________ 既然
__________ 突发；爆发
__________ 阻止；制止
__________ 感到高兴；感到振奋
__________ 及时；终于
__________ 密切注视；当心；提防
give birth to __________
in one’s turn __________
carbon dioxide __________
block out __________
solar system __________
lay eggs __________
句式
1. It was not clear whether ... or not.
原句：... it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
2. ... as + adj. + a(n) + n. + as ...
原句：When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.
语法
名词性从句作主语
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. ________ (like) most people in the office, who come to work by car, I cycle to work.
2. Any act of ________ (violent) against another player must be punished.
3. It is generally accepted that smoking is ________ (harm) to our health.
4. How do you explain the ________ (exist) of closely related species in widely separated locations
5. The findings of the survey make me ________ (puzzle) — they’re not at all what I would have expected.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 （每个短语限用一次）。
break out, block out, watch out for, cheer up, give birth to
1. Try and ________________ a bit; life isn’t that bad!
2. That tree in the neighbor’s yard ________________ a lot of our light.
3. It was the study of history that ________________ the social sciences.
4. What problems should I ________________ when buying a new house
5. They had escaped to America shortly before war ________________ in 1939.
III. 根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。
1. 这问题太难了，你解决不了。 (too ... to ...)
2. 没有人能阻止你参加这次会议。 (prevent ... from ...)
3. 你驾驶考试既已合格，就可以独自开车了。 (now that)
4. 他病得很重，我们只好请医生了。 (so ... that ...)
5. 她试图尽可能过正常的生活。 (as + adj. + a / an + n. + as)
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you want to look at the night sky and don’t have much money to spend on a telescope, you should consider buying binoculars ( 双筒望远镜). Don’t think binoculars cannot help you explore the night sky. The results of even average binoculars can be 1. ________ (amaze). If you’ve set your heart on a telescope though, you need to know something about its parts. The most important part is the eyepiece as this is 2. ________ you will be looking through into the sky. It needs to be 3. ________ (comfort) to look through and easy to focus accurately. The view should also be clear with no coloured circles around 4. ________ brightest objects in the night sky. A telescope will have either a lens or a mirror. Reflector telescopes, most 5. ________ (recommend) by astronomers, use mirrors, while refractor telescopes ( 折射望远镜) use lenses. The width of these is important as that is what determines the power of the telescope. Don’t just concentrate 6. ________ one of these things, though. It’s the 7. ________ (combine) of all its parts that determines how well the telescope performs. Other things to consider 8. ________ (be) the finder scope and the mount. The finder scope 9. ________ (look) like a tiny telescope fitted to the main telescope and is used to find objects to look at. This should be easy to look through when the main telescope is pointed upwards. The mount, usually a tripod ( 三脚架), should allow the telescope 10. ________ (move) smoothly and be easy to control, carry and set up.
参考答案
基础知识默写 答案略
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 1. Unlike 2. violence
3. harmful 4. existence
5. puzzled
II. 1. cheer up 2. blocks out
3. gave birth to 4. watch out for
5. broke out
III. 1. This problem is too difficult for you to solve.
2. No one can prevent you from attending this meeting.
3. Now that you’ve passed your driving test, you can drive on your own.
4. He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.
5. She tries to live as normal a life as possible.
能力提升篇
1. amazing 2. what
3. comfortable 4. the
5. recommended 6. on / upon
7. combination 8. are
9. looks 10. to move
基础知识归纳
Space exploration
Phrases
in the universe 在宇宙中
feel the gravity 感受到重力
space flight 太空飞行
space suits 太空服
man-made satellite 人造卫星
outer / deep space 外太空
space shuttle 航天飞机
orbit the earth 环绕地球轨道运行
establish a space station 建立一个空间站
weather / communications satellite 气象/通讯卫星
explore the mysteries of the universe 探索宇宙的秘密
send a spacecraft to the moon 向月球发射飞船
manned / unmanned spacecraft 载人/无人飞船
International Space Station 国际空间站
China National Space Administration 国家航天局
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 美国国家航空航天局
Sentences
We don’t know when the universe came into being.
我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。
That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.
对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。
This was the start of a new age of space travel.
这是太空旅行新时代的开端。
The future of space exploration remains bright.
太空探索的未来仍然光明。
The world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space.
我们这个世界依然只处于太空旅行的初级阶段。
People believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
人们坚信太空探索的重要性，尽管面临巨大的风险。
Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.
尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能使我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存。
基础知识默写
单词
__________ pron. & n. & adj. <英>万亿；<美>十亿
__________ n. 质量；团；块；大量；（复）群众
__________ n. 学说；理论
__________ n. 系统；体系；制度
__________ n. 球体；地球仪；地球
__________ n. 大气层；气氛
__________ n. 万有引力；重力
__________ n. 宇宙飞船
__________ adj. 温和的；文雅的
__________ n. 卫星；人造卫星
__________ n. 链子；连锁；锁链
float vi. & vt. （使）浮动；（使）漂浮 n. __________
puzzle n. 谜；难题 vt. & vi. __________
violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的（__________ n. 暴力；暴行）
harmful adj. 有害的（__________ n. 损害；危害）
exist vi. 存在；生存（__________ n. 存在；生存）
biology n. 生物学（biologist n. __________）
astronomy n. __________
atom n. __________
unlike prep. __________
fundamental adj. __________
acid n. __________
oxygen n. __________
pull n. & vt. __________
multiply vi. & vt. __________
thus adv. __________
dioxide n. __________
physicist n. __________
climate n. __________
crash vi. & vt. __________
carbon n. __________
短语
__________ 既然
__________ 突发；爆发
__________ 阻止；制止
__________ 感到高兴；感到振奋
__________ 及时；终于
__________ 密切注视；当心；提防
give birth to __________
in one’s turn __________
carbon dioxide __________
block out __________
solar system __________
lay eggs __________
句式
1. It was not clear whether ... or not.
原句：... it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
2. ... as + adj. + a(n) + n. + as ...
原句：When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.
语法
名词性从句作主语
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. ________ (like) most people in the office, who come to work by car, I cycle to work.
2. Any act of ________ (violent) against another player must be punished.
3. It is generally accepted that smoking is ________ (harm) to our health.
4. How do you explain the ________ (exist) of closely related species in widely separated locations
5. The findings of the survey make me ________ (puzzle) — they’re not at all what I would have expected.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 （每个短语限用一次）。
break out, block out, watch out for, cheer up, give birth to
1. Try and ________________ a bit; life isn’t that bad!
2. That tree in the neighbor’s yard ________________ a lot of our light.
3. It was the study of history that ________________ the social sciences.
4. What problems should I ________________ when buying a new house
5. They had escaped to America shortly before war ________________ in 1939.
III. 根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。
1. 这问题太难了，你解决不了。 (too ... to ...)
2. 没有人能阻止你参加这次会议。 (prevent ... from ...)
3. 你驾驶考试既已合格，就可以独自开车了。 (now that)
4. 他病得很重，我们只好请医生了。 (so ... that ...)
5. 她试图尽可能过正常的生活。 (as + adj. + a / an + n. + as)
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you want to look at the night sky and don’t have much money to spend on a telescope, you should consider buying binoculars ( 双筒望远镜). Don’t think binoculars cannot help you explore the night sky. The results of even average binoculars can be 1. ________ (amaze). If you’ve set your heart on a telescope though, you need to know something about its parts. The most important part is the eyepiece as this is 2. ________ you will be looking through into the sky. It needs to be 3. ________ (comfort) to look through and easy to focus accurately. The view should also be clear with no coloured circles around 4. ________ brightest objects in the night sky. A telescope will have either a lens or a mirror. Reflector telescopes, most 5. ________ (recommend) by astronomers, use mirrors, while refractor telescopes ( 折射望远镜) use lenses. The width of these is important as that is what determines the power of the telescope. Don’t just concentrate 6. ________ one of these things, though. It’s the 7. ________ (combine) of all its parts that determines how well the telescope performs. Other things to consider 8. ________ (be) the finder scope and the mount. The finder scope 9. ________ (look) like a tiny telescope fitted to the main telescope and is used to find objects to look at. This should be easy to look through when the main telescope is pointed upwards. The mount, usually a tripod ( 三脚架), should allow the telescope 10. ________ (move) smoothly and be easy to control, carry and set up.
参考答案
基础知识默写 答案略
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 1. Unlike 2. violence
3. harmful 4. existence
5. puzzled
II. 1. cheer up 2. blocks out
3. gave birth to 4. watch out for
5. broke out
III. 1. This problem is too difficult for you to solve.
2. No one can prevent you from attending this meeting.
3. Now that you’ve passed your driving test, you can drive on your own.
4. He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.
5. She tries to live as normal a life as possible.
能力提升篇
1. amazing 2. what
3. comfortable 4. the
5. recommended 6. on / upon
7. combination 8. are
9. looks 10. to move