人教版（2019）必修 第一册 Unit 3 Sports and fitness 基础知识巩固（含答案）
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人教高二必修1 Unit 3基础知识巩固
基础知识归纳
单词
名词
指人：guide, steward, citizen, typist, representative, stewardess
其它：aspect, impression, adjustment, desert, postage, postcode, instant, ecology, settlement, motivation, jet, tablet, capsule, belt, opening, mask, carriage, switch, button, mud, receiver, timetable, material, goods, typewriter, dustbin
动词
tolerate, lack, press, fasten, flash, swallow, recycle
形容词
constant, previous, greedy, uncertain, surrounding, optimistic
副词
constantly, sideways
短语
词汇表
take up, be back on one’s feet, safety belt, lose sight of, sweep up, slide into, speed up
单元中
as a result, suffer from, be similar to, in no time, in all directions, by magic, have a brief meal, be ready for, fall fast asleep, show sb. around, move on
句式
1. 形容词作状语
e.g. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
2.抽象地点名词＋where引导的定语从句
e.g. Well, now there’s system where the waste is disposed of using the
principles of ecology.
语法
过去分词作状语和定语
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. ____________ n. 方面; 层面
2. ____________ adj. 不确切的; 无把握的
3. ____________ n. 指导; 向导; 导游 vt. 指引; 指导
4. ____________ vt. 容忍; 忍受
5. ____________ vt. 系牢; 扎牢
6. ____________ n. 开关; 转换 vt. 转换
7. ____________ vt.& vi. (使)闪光; (使)闪现
8. ____________ adj. 乐观(主义)的
9. ____________ n. 沙漠; 荒原
10. ____________ n. 原料; 材料
11. ____________ vt. 回收利用; 再利用
12. _____________ n. 代表; 典型人物 adj. 典型的; 有代表性的
13. ____________ n. 动机
14. ____________ n. 接受者; 接收器; 电话听筒
15. ____________ vt. 吞下；咽下; 吞没
16. ____________ n. 时间表；时刻表
17. ____________ n. 货物
18. ____________ n. 印象；感想；印记
19. ____________ n. 周围的事物；环境
20. ____________ n. 垃圾箱
21. ____________ n. 乘务员；服务员
22. ____________ n. 面具；面罩；伪装
23. ____________ n. 运输工具；四轮马车； 客车
24. ____________ n. 生态；生态学
25. ____________ adj. 乐观（主义）的
派生单词
26. ____________ v. (使)印象深刻; 铭记
→____________ n. 印象; 感想; 印记
27. ____________ adj. 时常发生的; 连续不断的
→ ____________ adv. 不断地
28. _____________ v. 环绕; 包围
→ ____________ adj. 周围的
→___________ n. 周围的事物; 环境
29. ____________ vt. 按; 压; 逼迫
n. 按；压; 印刷; 新闻
→ ____________ n. 压力; 挤压; 压迫
30. ____________ n. 瞬间; 片刻 adj. 立即的; 立刻的
→ ____________ adv. 立即; 立刻
31. ____________ v. 解决; 定居
→____________ n. 定居; 解决
→ ____________ n. 定居者
32. ____________ v.调整；调节
→____________ n. 调整；调节
33. ____________ adj. 在前的; 早先的
→ ____________ adv.先前，以前
34. ____________ vi. & vt. 缺乏; 没有 n. 缺乏; 短缺的东西
→ ____________ adj.没有的；缺乏的
35. ____________ n.贪婪; 贪心
→____________ adj. 贪吃的; 贪婪的; 贪心的
短语
1. 拿起; 接受; 开始; 继续 _____________
2. (困境后)恢复; 完全复原 _____________
3. 看不见… _____________
4. 打扫; 横扫 _____________
5. (快捷而悄声地)移动; 溜进… _____________
6. 加速 _____________
7. 瞥见 _____________
8. 立刻 _____________
句型
1. 形容词作状语
e.g. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
2. 抽象地点名词＋where引导的定语从句
e.g. Well, now there’s system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Despite recent research, the precise mechanism of the virus still remains ________ (certain).
2. We’ll see how this schedule works, then we’ll make ________ (adjust) as necessary.
3. It now seems unlikely that it will be possible to reach a peaceful ________ (settle) of the conflict.
4. The ________ (motivate) behind the decision is the desire to improve our service to our customers.
5. A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town, but come in from the ________ (surround) countryside.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
speed up, slide into, sweep up, lose sight of, take up
1. I ________________ him but could still hear his footsteps.
2. When you have ________________ that dirt, put the brush away.
3. Rick ________________ the challenge and cycled the 250-mile route alone.
4. The little boy ________________ his bedroom while no one was looking.
5. You see drivers ________________ when they should be slowing down.
III. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. Time, ________ (use) correctly, is money in the bank.
2. The club, ________ (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.
3. ________ (open) in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park.
4. Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
5. Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ (appoint) to guard her.
6. The players ________ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
7. ________ (encourage) by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
IV. 根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。
1. 请系好安全带，飞机即将起飞。 (fasten; safety belt)
________________________________________
2. 由于睡眠不足，我有黑眼圈了。 (lack)
________________________________________
3. 我一听到那个消息就把它发给你了。 (instant)
________________________________________
4. 面试如果迟到会给人留下很坏的印象。 (impression)
________________________________________
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Employing some of the best minds in mathematics, computer science, engineering, ethics, economics and political science, the Future of Humanity Institute (FHI) is a research center at the University of Oxford 1. ________ focus is the long-term future of humanity. One important area of research at FHI is the impact of technology. With machines already outperforming humans in several 2. ________ (field), FHI is looking into finding ways to ensure their actions remain safe and 3. ________ (benefit). Of particular concern in recent years 4. ________ (be) the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI). Some of the questions on the long-term influence of technology such as AI FHI has been trying to answer 5. ________ (include): What will AI be capable of and when How can it 6. ________ (direct) for the common good and what organizations and rules would need to be created 7. ________ (control) and advance AI Biotechnology has been another cause for concern in recent years and FHI has been researching the rapid developments in biotechnology and genetic engineering, 8. ________ (they) use in human enhancement (增强) and modification (修改) as well 9. ________ possible arms races in bio-weapons and how much risk this might cause 10. ________ the future of humanity. FHI’s work has appeared in publications such as The Economist and The Financial Times and its researchers have been invited to make presentations to the US Congress and the EU Parliament.
参考答案：
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. aspect 2. uncertain 3. guide 4. tolerate 5. fasten
6. switch 7. flash 8. optimistic 9. desert 10. material
11. recycle 12. representative 13. motivation 14. receiver 15. swallow
16. timetable 17. goods 18. impression 19. surroundings 20. dustbin 21. steward 22. Mask 23. carriage 24. ecology 25. optimistic
派生单词
26. impress impression 27. constant constantly
28. surround surroundings surrounding 29. press pressure
30. instant instantly 31. settle settlement settler
32. adjust adjustment 33. previous previously
34. lack lacking 35. greed greedy
短语
1. take up 2. be back on one’s feet 3. lose sight of… 4. sweep up
5. slide into 6. speed up 7. catch sight of 8. in no time
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 1. uncertain 2. adjustments 3. settlement 4. motivation
5. surrounding
II. 1. lost sight of 2. swept up 3. took up 4. slid into
5. speeding up
III. 1. used 2. founded 3. Opened 4. compared
5. appointed 6. selected 7. Encouraged
IV. 1. Please fasten your safety belt. The plane is about to take off.
2. I’ve got dark rings under my eyes from lack of sleep.
3. I sent you the news the instant I heard it.
4. It makes / gives / creates a very bad impression if you’re late for an interview
能力提升篇
1. whose 2. fields 3. beneficial 4. has been 5. include
6. be directed 7. to control 8. their 9. as 10. to
基础知识归纳
单词
名词
指人：guide, steward, citizen, typist, representative, stewardess
其它：aspect, impression, adjustment, desert, postage, postcode, instant, ecology, settlement, motivation, jet, tablet, capsule, belt, opening, mask, carriage, switch, button, mud, receiver, timetable, material, goods, typewriter, dustbin
动词
tolerate, lack, press, fasten, flash, swallow, recycle
形容词
constant, previous, greedy, uncertain, surrounding, optimistic
副词
constantly, sideways
短语
词汇表
take up, be back on one’s feet, safety belt, lose sight of, sweep up, slide into, speed up
单元中
as a result, suffer from, be similar to, in no time, in all directions, by magic, have a brief meal, be ready for, fall fast asleep, show sb. around, move on
句式
1. 形容词作状语
e.g. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
2.抽象地点名词＋where引导的定语从句
e.g. Well, now there’s system where the waste is disposed of using the
principles of ecology.
语法
过去分词作状语和定语
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. ____________ n. 方面; 层面
2. ____________ adj. 不确切的; 无把握的
3. ____________ n. 指导; 向导; 导游 vt. 指引; 指导
4. ____________ vt. 容忍; 忍受
5. ____________ vt. 系牢; 扎牢
6. ____________ n. 开关; 转换 vt. 转换
7. ____________ vt.& vi. (使)闪光; (使)闪现
8. ____________ adj. 乐观(主义)的
9. ____________ n. 沙漠; 荒原
10. ____________ n. 原料; 材料
11. ____________ vt. 回收利用; 再利用
12. _____________ n. 代表; 典型人物 adj. 典型的; 有代表性的
13. ____________ n. 动机
14. ____________ n. 接受者; 接收器; 电话听筒
15. ____________ vt. 吞下；咽下; 吞没
16. ____________ n. 时间表；时刻表
17. ____________ n. 货物
18. ____________ n. 印象；感想；印记
19. ____________ n. 周围的事物；环境
20. ____________ n. 垃圾箱
21. ____________ n. 乘务员；服务员
22. ____________ n. 面具；面罩；伪装
23. ____________ n. 运输工具；四轮马车； 客车
24. ____________ n. 生态；生态学
25. ____________ adj. 乐观（主义）的
派生单词
26. ____________ v. (使)印象深刻; 铭记
→____________ n. 印象; 感想; 印记
27. ____________ adj. 时常发生的; 连续不断的
→ ____________ adv. 不断地
28. _____________ v. 环绕; 包围
→ ____________ adj. 周围的
→___________ n. 周围的事物; 环境
29. ____________ vt. 按; 压; 逼迫
n. 按；压; 印刷; 新闻
→ ____________ n. 压力; 挤压; 压迫
30. ____________ n. 瞬间; 片刻 adj. 立即的; 立刻的
→ ____________ adv. 立即; 立刻
31. ____________ v. 解决; 定居
→____________ n. 定居; 解决
→ ____________ n. 定居者
32. ____________ v.调整；调节
→____________ n. 调整；调节
33. ____________ adj. 在前的; 早先的
→ ____________ adv.先前，以前
34. ____________ vi. & vt. 缺乏; 没有 n. 缺乏; 短缺的东西
→ ____________ adj.没有的；缺乏的
35. ____________ n.贪婪; 贪心
→____________ adj. 贪吃的; 贪婪的; 贪心的
短语
1. 拿起; 接受; 开始; 继续 _____________
2. (困境后)恢复; 完全复原 _____________
3. 看不见… _____________
4. 打扫; 横扫 _____________
5. (快捷而悄声地)移动; 溜进… _____________
6. 加速 _____________
7. 瞥见 _____________
8. 立刻 _____________
句型
1. 形容词作状语
e.g. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
2. 抽象地点名词＋where引导的定语从句
e.g. Well, now there’s system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Despite recent research, the precise mechanism of the virus still remains ________ (certain).
2. We’ll see how this schedule works, then we’ll make ________ (adjust) as necessary.
3. It now seems unlikely that it will be possible to reach a peaceful ________ (settle) of the conflict.
4. The ________ (motivate) behind the decision is the desire to improve our service to our customers.
5. A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town, but come in from the ________ (surround) countryside.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
speed up, slide into, sweep up, lose sight of, take up
1. I ________________ him but could still hear his footsteps.
2. When you have ________________ that dirt, put the brush away.
3. Rick ________________ the challenge and cycled the 250-mile route alone.
4. The little boy ________________ his bedroom while no one was looking.
5. You see drivers ________________ when they should be slowing down.
III. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. Time, ________ (use) correctly, is money in the bank.
2. The club, ________ (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.
3. ________ (open) in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park.
4. Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
5. Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ (appoint) to guard her.
6. The players ________ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
7. ________ (encourage) by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
IV. 根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。
1. 请系好安全带，飞机即将起飞。 (fasten; safety belt)
________________________________________
2. 由于睡眠不足，我有黑眼圈了。 (lack)
________________________________________
3. 我一听到那个消息就把它发给你了。 (instant)
________________________________________
4. 面试如果迟到会给人留下很坏的印象。 (impression)
________________________________________
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Employing some of the best minds in mathematics, computer science, engineering, ethics, economics and political science, the Future of Humanity Institute (FHI) is a research center at the University of Oxford 1. ________ focus is the long-term future of humanity. One important area of research at FHI is the impact of technology. With machines already outperforming humans in several 2. ________ (field), FHI is looking into finding ways to ensure their actions remain safe and 3. ________ (benefit). Of particular concern in recent years 4. ________ (be) the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI). Some of the questions on the long-term influence of technology such as AI FHI has been trying to answer 5. ________ (include): What will AI be capable of and when How can it 6. ________ (direct) for the common good and what organizations and rules would need to be created 7. ________ (control) and advance AI Biotechnology has been another cause for concern in recent years and FHI has been researching the rapid developments in biotechnology and genetic engineering, 8. ________ (they) use in human enhancement (增强) and modification (修改) as well 9. ________ possible arms races in bio-weapons and how much risk this might cause 10. ________ the future of humanity. FHI’s work has appeared in publications such as The Economist and The Financial Times and its researchers have been invited to make presentations to the US Congress and the EU Parliament.
参考答案：
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. aspect 2. uncertain 3. guide 4. tolerate 5. fasten
6. switch 7. flash 8. optimistic 9. desert 10. material
11. recycle 12. representative 13. motivation 14. receiver 15. swallow
16. timetable 17. goods 18. impression 19. surroundings 20. dustbin 21. steward 22. Mask 23. carriage 24. ecology 25. optimistic
派生单词
26. impress impression 27. constant constantly
28. surround surroundings surrounding 29. press pressure
30. instant instantly 31. settle settlement settler
32. adjust adjustment 33. previous previously
34. lack lacking 35. greed greedy
短语
1. take up 2. be back on one’s feet 3. lose sight of… 4. sweep up
5. slide into 6. speed up 7. catch sight of 8. in no time
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 1. uncertain 2. adjustments 3. settlement 4. motivation
5. surrounding
II. 1. lost sight of 2. swept up 3. took up 4. slid into
5. speeding up
III. 1. used 2. founded 3. Opened 4. compared
5. appointed 6. selected 7. Encouraged
IV. 1. Please fasten your safety belt. The plane is about to take off.
2. I’ve got dark rings under my eyes from lack of sleep.
3. I sent you the news the instant I heard it.
4. It makes / gives / creates a very bad impression if you’re late for an interview
能力提升篇
1. whose 2. fields 3. beneficial 4. has been 5. include
6. be directed 7. to control 8. their 9. as 10. to