定从基础练习（语法填空+改错）
一、单句语法填空
We are looking for the person _________the book belongs to.
The author _________ you referred to in your review has written a play.
I know the boy ________ you are looking for.
He works in Yangzhou high-speed railway station I want to visit.
The reason ___________ she gave was unbelievable.
I will never forget the days _________we spent together.
We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
A friend ______ frowns is better than a smiling enemy.
You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station _________ you can hire to reach your host family.
Their child is at the stage ______ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
we visited the house__________the famous scientist once lived.
One's hometown is a place ______ holds many special memories of childhood and growing up.
Do you know the man ________ the little girl is turning to for help
I know I have a pair of invisible wings ________ can take me to fly and give me hope.
We were very surprised at the damage _________ the fire had done to the houses.
The meeting ________ you missed yesterday was very important.
The teacher didn't understand the reason ______ the student gave him for being late.
There are many reasons ________ people send their children to a foreign country.
The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
The Tang Dynasty is generally regarded as a golden chapter by people worldwide, ______ the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring countries.
I still remember that terrible accident a few days ago, ______ more than 20 pupils were killed.
This is the scientist name is known all over the world.
It was a period __________they met very frequently.
The car__________ window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown.
_________ is often said, a friend is to man what water is to fish.
There are many good websites ______ you can check out the latest information in the science world.
It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
Thank you for the help _________ you have given me.
My great-aunt _________ is 99 years old told us how she has been able to live so long.
The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
I will give you my friend's address ______ I can be reached if you have any problem.
Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _______life has developed gradually.
I really don’t like the way _____________ he talks.
There is no simple answer, ______ is often the case in science.
One of the boys kept laughing, ______________ really annoyed Jane.
二、单句改错
I lived in Beijing, where is the capital of China.
I know many cases that the students learned many words and expressions but they didn’t know how to use them.
After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town which he grew up as a child.
The reason why he explained for his failure was confusing everyone present.
Adam is the teacher gave me an A on my midterm.
Everything what we learned from our history teacher is interesting.
I took his advice on the project, it turned out to be wise.
The radio which I bought it yesterday was stolen.
I will never forget the moment which I heard him speaking English.
Australia is a big country covers a whole continent.
He wrote many children s books, nearly half of them were published in the 1990s.
The number of smokers, which is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
We have reached the stage, which we can get along well with each other.
He is my friend, whom father is a famous scientist.
The old temple which roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.定从基础练习（语法填空+改错）
一、单句语法填空
We are looking for the person _________the book belongs to.
【答案】whom/who/that/省略
【解析】此处用whom/who/that在从句作宾语，引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词person，作宾语的关系动词可以省略，故填whom/who/that/省略。
The author _________ you referred to in your review has written a play.
【答案】whom/that/who
【解析】句意：你在评论中提到的那个作者写了一个剧本。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词是The author，指人，因此要用关系代词whom/that/who引导该从句。故填whom/that/who。
I know the boy ________ you are looking for.
【答案】whom/who/that
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词the boy，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom/who/that引导，故填whom/who/that。
He works in Yangzhou high-speed railway station I want to visit.
【答案】which/that
【解析】句意：他在我想参观的扬州高铁站工作。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词station，表示“物”，关系词在从句中作visit的宾语，故填which/that。
The reason ___________ she gave was unbelievable.
【答案】that/which/不填
【解析】句意：他给的原因是令人难以置信的。本句先行词是reason，指物，作宾语，故用关系代词that/which/不填。故填that/which/不填。
I will never forget the days _________we spent together.
【答案】that/which/不填
【解析】句意：我永远都不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。此处是定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，要用关系代词，先行词是days，指物，此处可省略关系词，故填that/which/不填。
We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
【答案】when
【解析】句意：我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。限制性定语从句 ___more information is available with greater ease than ever before修饰限制先行词是an age，从句主语是more information，谓语部分是一个系表结构，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when连接。故填when。
A friend ______ frowns is better than a smiling enemy.
【答案】that/who
【解析】分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，先行词是friend，指人，从句中缺少主语，所以关系代词用that或who。故填that/who。
You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station _________ you can hire to reach your host family.
【答案】which/that
【解析】句意：你会发现出租车在公共汽车站等着，你可以租它载你去寄宿家庭。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为taxis，关系词在从句中作宾语，故需用关系代词which/that来引导从句。故填which/that。
Their child is at the stage ______ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
【答案】where
【解析】句意：他们的孩子正处于这样一个阶段，她可以说个别的话，但不能说完整的句子。这是一个定语从句，先行词是stage，在从句中做地点状语，用where，故填where。
we visited the house__________the famous scientist once lived.
【答案】where
【解析】句意：我们参观了那位著名科学家曾经住过的房子。这是一个定语从句，先行词是house，在从句中做地点状语，用where，故填where。
One's hometown is a place ______ holds many special memories of childhood and growing up.
【答案】which/that
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a place，且从句中缺少主语，故需用关系代词which或that来引导从句。故填which/that。
Do you know the man ________ the little girl is turning to for help
【答案】whom/who/that
【解析】句意：这个小女孩正在向那个男人寻求帮助，你认识那个男人吗 先行词the man，关系词在定语从句中作to的宾语，故填whom/who/that。
I know I have a pair of invisible wings ________ can take me to fly and give me hope.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查限制性定语从句中的关系代词。先行词在定语从句中作主语，表示物，所以用which/that。
We were very surprised at the damage _________ the fire had done to the houses.
【答案】that/which
【解析】句意：我们对大火对房屋所造成的损害感到非常惊讶。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，先行词是“damage”，从句中缺少宾语，所以关系代词用that或which。故填that/which。
The meeting ________ you missed yesterday was very important.
【答案】that/which
【解析】分析句子可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the meeting，从句中动词missed后缺少宾语，指物，要使用that/which引导从句，故填that/which。
The teacher didn't understand the reason ______ the student gave him for being late.
【答案】that/which
【解析】分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，是物，在从句中充当宾语，所以，可以要关系代词that、which或者不填，故填.(that/which)。
There are many reasons ________ people send their children to a foreign country.
【答案】why或/
【解析】句意：人们把孩子送到国外的原因有很多。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词reasons，关系词在从句中作原因状语，需用关系词why（可以省略）引导该定语从句。故填why或/。
The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
【答案】that/which
【解析】句意：我们日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词problems，指物，且在从句中作宾语，应使用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which 。
The Tang Dynasty is generally regarded as a golden chapter by people worldwide, ______ the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring countries.
【答案】when
【解析】分析句子可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Tang Dynasty，关系词代替先行词在从句中做时间状语，故填when。
I still remember that terrible accident a few days ago, ______ more than 20 pupils were killed.
【答案】where
【解析】分析句子可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是that terrible accident，关系词代替先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填where。
This is the scientist name is known all over the world.
【答案】whose
【解析】句意：这就是那位全世界都知道的科学家。句中先行词为the scientist，与从句中的name之间是所属关系，需用whose引导限制性定语从句。故填whose。
It was a period __________they met very frequently.
【答案】when
【解析】句意：那是他们经常见面的时期。这是一个定语从句，先行词是period，在从句中做时间状语，用when，故填when。
The car__________ window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown.
【答案】whose
【解析】这是一个定语从句，先行词是the car，在从句中做定语，用whose，故填whose。
在句子的空白处填入适当的内容 (一个单词), 或括号内单词的正确形式。
_________ is often said, a friend is to man what water is to fish.
【答案】As
【解析】此题考察定语从句中关系词as的固定用法，as is often said,正如人们常说的那样。
There are many good websites ______ you can check out the latest information in the science world.
【答案】where
【解析】句意：有许多好的网站，在上面你可以查阅科学世界的最新信息。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词websites，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导，故填where。
It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，它看起来和100年前一样，有蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的别墅。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是place，指物，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
在下列句子中的空白处填入适当内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thank you for the help _________ you have given me.
【答案】that/ which/ -
【解析】help后为定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因此空格处需用关系代词，先行词help为物，因此空格处的关系代词为that或which或省略关系代词，故填that/ which/ -。
在下列句子中的空白处填入适当内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
My great-aunt _________ is 99 years old told us how she has been able to live so long.
【答案】who/that
【解析】great-aunt后给定语从句，从句中缺少主语，空格处需用关系代词，先行词great-aunt为人，因此关系代词可用who或that，故填who/that。
The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
【答案】as
【解析】句意：正如报告中显示的，在过去的两个月中这座城市的空气质量得到了改善。as引导的非限制性定语从句指代的是整个主句的内容，可以放在主句前、主句中或主句之后；which也可以引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句的内容，但是which从句只能放在主句之后；本题中的关系词指代的是主句"The air quality in the city has improved over the past two months．"，并且位于主句中。故填as。
I will give you my friend's address ______ I can be reached if you have any problem.
【答案】where
【解析】分析句子结构可知，设空处所在句是对address的修饰限定，因此为定语从句的关系词，修饰先行词address，从句中缺少状语，指地点。设空处需用关系副词where，故填where。
单句语法填空.
Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _______life has developed gradually.
【答案】where
【解析】句意：斯蒂芬·霍金认为，地球不可能是唯一一颗生命逐渐发展的行星。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词planet，关系词在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
I really don’t like the way _____________ he talks.
【答案】that/in which/不填
【解析】句意：我真的不喜欢他说话的方式。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the way，关系词在从句中作状语，故填that/in which/不填。
There is no simple answer, ______ is often the case in science.
【答案】as
【解析】句意：没有简单的答案，这在科学上是常有的事。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的引导词；先行词是前面整个句子，从句中缺少主语。as is often the case这是常有的事，是固定搭配；故填as。
One of the boys kept laughing, ______________ really annoyed Jane.
【答案】which
【解析】句意：其中一个男孩一直在笑，这真的惹恼了简。句中One of the boys kept laughing作先行词，引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，需用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
二、单句改错
I lived in Beijing, where is the capital of China.
【答案】将where改为which
【解析】设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Beijing，为物，引导词在从句中作主语，故将where改为which。
I know many cases that the students learned many words and expressions but they didn’t know how to use them.
【答案】 将that改为where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我知道很多情况下，学生学习了很多单词和表达，但他们不知道如何使用它们。分析句子结构，此处引导定语从句，先行词cases在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故将that改为where。
After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town which he grew up as a child.
【答案】where或者which前加 in
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在巴黎住了五十年后，他回到了他小时候长大的那个小镇。本句是关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词是the small town，作地点状语，也可以用介词in+which引导的定语从句，in the small town。故将which改成where或者which前加in。
The reason why he explained for his failure was confusing everyone present.
【答案】将why改为which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the reason，指物，在限制性定语从句中作explained的宾语，要用which/that，故将why改为which/that。
Adam is the teacher gave me an A on my midterm.
【答案】gave前加that/who
【解析】考查关系词。句意：亚当就是在期中考试中给了我A的老师。分析句子结构可知，teacher后是定语从句，先行词是teacher，是人，在从句中充当主语，所以，要用关系代词who和that引导，在定语从句中，充当主语的引导词不能省略，故在gave前加that/who。
Everything what we learned from our history teacher is interesting.
【答案】what改为that
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我们从历史老师那里学到的一切都很有趣。分析句子结构可知，everything后为定语从句，在从句中充当learned的宾语，当先行词为everything等不定代词，且在从句中充当主语或者宾语是，要用that引导定语从句，故将what改为that。
I took his advice on the project, it turned out to be wise.
【答案】将it改为which
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，两个简单句之间没有连词，因此应用关系词引导定语从句。此处指代“我采纳建议”这件事，在从句中作主语，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。故将it改为which。
The radio which I bought it yesterday was stolen.(改错)
【答案】 将it去掉
【解析】考查代词。分析句子结构可知，主干为The radio was stolen；关系代词which代替先行词radio在从句中作bought的宾语，it在结构上多余，故将it去掉。
I will never forget the moment which I heard him speaking English.
【答案】which改成when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我听到他说英语的那一刻。本句是关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词是the moment，作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故将which改成when。
Australia is a big country covers a whole continent.
【答案】将covers改为covering或在covers前加which或that
【解析】考查非谓语动词及定语从句。句意：澳大利亚是一个覆盖整个大陆的大国。分析句子结构可知，本句是主系表结构，句中动词“cover（覆盖）”与“country”是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应该用现在分词covering做后置定语。也可以是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是“country”，指物，关系代词用which或that，在从句中作主语，即：在covers前加which或that。故将covers改为covering或在covers前加which或that。
He wrote many children s books, nearly half of them were published in the 1990s.
【答案】将them改为which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在20世纪90年代出版。这里是介词和关系代词引导的非限定性定语从句，定语从句中of缺少宾语，先行词是books，所以应该用关系词which。故将them改为which。
The number of smokers, which is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
【答案】将which改为as
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：抽烟者数量，据报道，仅仅一年内已经下降了17%。根据is reported可知，应用as引导非限制性定语从句。故将which改为as。
We have reached the stage, which we can get along well with each other.
【答案】将which改为where
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词stage“阶段，状态”，在从句中作状语，表抽象地点，因此用关系副词where引导。故将which改为where。
He is my friend, whom father is a famous scientist.
【答案】 将whom改为whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他是我的朋友，他的父亲是一位著名的科学家。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是friend，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰father，应该用关系词whose。故将whom改为whose。
The old temple which roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
【答案】将which改成whose
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是the old temple，关系词在从句中做roof的定语，关系代词用whose。故将which改成whose。
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