2023届高考英语复习语法之名词性从句课件（37张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语复习语法之名词性从句课件（37张ppt) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-24 23:13:05 | ||
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(共37张PPT)
名词性从句
Learning aims 目标
1. 宏观掌握名词性从句的特征和用法，化繁为简；
2. 能简单分析名词性句子成分；
3. 用名词性从句表达句子；
Difficult & important points 重难点
1. 正确使用名词性从句的连接词
2. 写作中如何熟练使用常用句型提高表达效果
儿子
丈夫
父亲
户主
主人
句中句
句群
主从复合句
五种简单句的句型 (2+3+2)
1主语
谓语vi
谓语Lv
表语
2主语
谓语vt
宾语
3主语
谓语vt
宾语
宾语
4主语
谓语vt
宾语
宾补
5主语
状语
定语
名词：
成分：
My father is in the office.
My father likes apples.
My father is a worker.
He is Li Hua, a student in a school.
表明人或事物名称的词
主语 表语 宾语 同位语
主语(谁 什么)
宾语(动作承受者)
表语(主语怎么样)
同位语（补充说明名词）
What I said just now is to go home now.
He didn’t understand what I said just now.
The plan is What I said just now.
He had no idea what I said just now.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
名词通常有 advice decision fact hope idea information message news promise proposal report suggestion word(消息) problem question doubt thought 等
定义：在主从复合句中起名词作用的句子
主语从句 （主句谓语动词词前）
宾语从句 （动词或介词后）
表语从句 （连系动词后）
同位语从句 （名词后）
名词性从句
从句基本结构:
引导词 + 从句
功能相当于一个名词成分, 在句中作主语、 宾语、表语、同位语。
探究 1 从句的语序
Who will win the match is still unknown.
Where the party will be held has not yet been announced.
I want to know what he has told you.
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
He didn’t want to answer the question who stole the car.
小结：
所有从句一律保持 语序，
而非疑问句语序
陈述句
探究 2 从句的引导词
That they are badly in need of help is quite clear.
They are worrying about whether they can get there in time.
What we have learnt now will be useful sooner or later.
Why and how they reached the village is still known.
When and Where the party will be held has not yet been decided.
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
No one knows who he is and whose father he is.
小结：
连接词（不充当成分）
连接代词（主宾表定）
连接副词（状）
(无任何词义)
名词性从句 定语从句
连词 5 that (无词义，一般不可省，陈述语气) whether if (“是否”, 表示不确定性) as if as though (“好像; 似乎”)
连接代词 9 (主 宾 表 定) what whatever whose who whoever whom whomever which whichever 关系代词 6 (主 宾 表 定)
that (词义取决于先行词)
which
who whom whose
as
连接副词 4 (状) when where why how 关系副词 3 (状)
when where why
形容词性从句
疑问词
探究 3 whether 与 if 的区别
Whether there is life on Mars is an interesting question.
It depends on whether she will come or not.
I wonder whether / if you will stay at home today.
I am not sure whether he will come tonight or not.
There is some doubt whether they finish the work on time.
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay
小结：
whether用于所有名词性从句，if一般仅用于宾语从句。
介词后只用whether, whether可与不定时连用，whether可与or not连用。if不能。
if / whether 小练
1. I asked her ______________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about __________ he is safe.
3. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
4. I don’t know __________ or not he is well.
5. He is worrying about the question ___________
the old man will recover soon.
6. I don’t know __________ to go.
7. I wonder ______________ you will go shopping or
stay at home.
whether / if
whether
whether
whether
whether
whether
whether / if
探究 4 虚拟语气1
I suggest that she (should) do her work alone.
My suggestion is that quick measures (should) be taken
to deal with the problem.
It’s required that everyone (should) take part in the game.
小结：
1.表示“请求、命令、建议、要求”的动词或相应的名词后，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should+) 动词原形”。
小练
Mr Smith suggested that you _______________ (go) to see a doctor.
His words suggest that he_____ (be) a teacher.
The man insisted that the boy ________________ (steal)
his money and that _____________________ (send) to the
police station.
had stolen
(should) be sent
(should) go
is
insist 表示“坚持说”，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，
而用陈述语气； 表示“坚持要求”，用虚拟语气
suggest 表示“表明 暗示”，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，
而用陈述语气； 表示“建议”，用虚拟语气
探究 4 虚拟语气2
It’s necessary that we should take all we have.
It’s strange that the man should live and die in London.
It’s natural that the young should respect the old.
It is a pity that you should fail the exam again.
小结：
2. 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should+) do”。 常用句型:
It is necessary / important / natural / strange that...
It is a pity / a shame / no wonder that...
探究 4 虚拟语气3
Look at the clouds. It looks as if it is going to rain later.
小结：
3. as if 表语从句中用来表示假设或猜测等不真实情况时, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气。若表示真实情况用正常时态。常用句型:
It seems /looks /appears as if ...
It seemed as if the man had been the moon before.
探究 5 what 从句
That’s what the Party called on us to do.
America was what was first called “India” by Columbus.
Patience is what you need to do the job well.
He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me greatly.
Tom is no longer what he used to be.
What he did in class greatly affected people around him.
No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in
what we now know as California.
小结：
what (...所...的事/话/地方/样子) 作主宾表，
相当于定语从句 the thing/place/words ... that.....
探究 6 it 用法
It surprised him that they came to visit him suddenly.
小结：
I think it necessary that we should read English aloud.
我认为大声读英语很有必要。
让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。
That they came to visit him suddenly surprised him.
为了避免主语过长、句子头重脚轻。（形式主语）
为了句子紧凑平衡，便于理解。 （形式宾语）
It常用句型1
(1) It is+名词(词组)+主语从句
(2) It is+形容词+主语从句
(3) It is+过去分词+主语从句
(4) It+不及物动词+that ...
(5) It+及物动词+宾语+that从句
it常用句型2
(1) It is+名词(词组)+主语从句
It’s a pity that .... It’s a shame that ....
It’s a surprise that .... It’s a fact that .... 事实是...
It’s no wonder that .... ...不足为奇
(2) It is+形容词+主语从句 It’s likely that ... 很可能...。
It’s necessary that ... It’s important /essential that ...
It’s strange that ... It’s obvious /clear that ...
(3) It is+过去分词+主语从句
It’s said /reported /believed /acknowledged that ...
It’s suggested /requested /proposed /desired that...
It is known to (us) all that ... 众所周知, ...
常用句型3
(4) It+不及物动词+that ...
It seems /appears that ... 似乎…
It happens that... 碰巧…
It occurs to sb that... 某人突然想起…
It doesn't matter + that/whether/wh- ... ...不重要。
(5) It+及物动词+宾语+that从句
It surprises sb. that ... 使某人吃惊的是...
It impresses sb. that ... 使某人印象深刻的是...
It makes no difference...+主语从句 ...没影响 /不重要 /无所谓。
名词性从句常用句型1
(1) 表语从句
That’s why .... 那就是...的原因。 It’s because ....
The reason why ... is that .... (...的原因是...)
Chances are that ... 可能.....
The question / problem is whether / wh- .... 问题是...
(2) 同位语从句
It’s a fact that ... 事实是...。 No wonder that ..... 难怪...
Words came that ... 消息传来说...。
There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问, ...
There is some doubt whether ... 是否...., 还有疑问。
There is a chance that ... 可能.....
常用句型2
(3) what从句
What impresses sb. most is ... 使某人印象深刻的是......
What interests / excites sb most is .... 使某人感兴趣 /兴奋的是......
What makes sb interested / excited /angry is ...
使某人感兴趣 /兴奋 /生气的是......
(3) 宾语从句
find/think it necessary / important that ... 发现...有必要/重要
make it clear to sb. that ... 使某人清楚表明 ...
1. I don’t think ________ she will come.
2. I don’t think it necessary _______ you should do it.
3. He told me _______ his father had died
and ________ he had to deal with something.
4. I don’t know ______ broke the glass yesterday.
5. Can you make sure_________ Alice has put the gold ring.
6. It all depends on __________ they will support us .
7. She will give __________needs help a warm support.
8. He made ____clear to the public ______ he did an
important job.
9. I find ____ necessary _______ we should do the homework.
(that)
that
(that)
that
who
where
whether
whoever
it
that
it
that
1. I don’t know _______or not.
A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home
C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home
2. This depends on ______ the weather is fine.
A. which B. whether C. if D. that
3. The teacher asked the new student ___ class he was in.
A. which B. where C. if D. that
4. Go and get your coat. It’s _______ you left it.
A. there B. where C. there were D. where there
5. The problem is _______ he has enough time.
A. if B. whether C. / D. that
4. I remember _______ this used to be a quiet village.
A. how B. when C. where D. what
5. It is generally considered unwise to give a child
_______ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever
C. whichever D. wherever
6. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ____
A. where the bank nearest
B. where is the nearest bank
C. where the nearest bank is
D. the nearest bank is where
7. That’s ______ the Party called on us to do.
A. why B. what C. how D. that
8. The reason is _____ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether
9. That is _____ they separated 分别.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
10. Jane is no longer _____ she was four years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. when
11. The trouble is __________we are short of tools.
A. what B. that C. how D. why that
12. America was ______ was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what B. where C. the place D. there
13. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do
their work.
A. that B. which C. what D. such
14. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.
A. that B. like C. as D. as though
15. --- I fell sick!
--- I think it is _______ you are working too much.
A. why B. when C. what D. because
改错1. My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 2. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. 3. I have no idea if or not he has finished the work.
4. Because the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
5. The reason why I didn't go there was because I got a new job.
where
what
whether
That
that
6. I am sure that he said is true.
7. They came to the conclusion whether not all things can be done by a computer.
8. I don't doubt whether he'll come back on time.
9. My suggestion is we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. 10. His promise which he would give away half of the year's income to the disabled turned out a lie.
what
that
that
加that
that
翻译句子1. 已经定下来了，会议推迟到了下周一。(主语从句)
2. 我并不知道他是否参加音乐会。(宾语从句)
3. 问题是值不值得试一试。(表语从句)
4. 他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(同位语从句)
It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.
I didn't know whether / if he would attend the concert.
The question is whether it is worth trying.
The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
5. 他没来公司的原因是他生病了。(表语从句)
6. 我们必须尽力完成老师交给我们的任务。(宾语从句)
The reason why he didn't come to the company was that he was ill.
We must try to finish what the teacher told us to do.
语篇赏析
高三学生学习任务繁重。体育课已成为难得的放松时间， 可目前你们体育课内容单一，有时甚至被其他学科占用。请你用英语写一篇短文，给校报投稿， 词数100左右。
内容应包括：
1. 目前体育课的现状；
2. 你对此现象的看法；
3. 提出一些合理的建议。
Dear editor，
As the college entrance examination is drawing near. We senior high school students are occupied with busy work. To a certain extent, it is PE class that is our only chance to relax. However, it is a pity that our present PE class is quite dull and sometimes even replaced by other subjects.
Not only can PE class build our body but it also can shape our personality. Therefore, personally I hold the view that it would be a great loss to us students if it were replaced by other lessons. Meanwhile, I think the teacher can design and organize some fun sports, where everyone can be involved.
I hope PE class can not only enrich our school life but also enable everyone to find his or her own pleasure in it.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
名词性从句
Learning aims 目标
1. 宏观掌握名词性从句的特征和用法，化繁为简；
2. 能简单分析名词性句子成分；
3. 用名词性从句表达句子；
Difficult & important points 重难点
1. 正确使用名词性从句的连接词
2. 写作中如何熟练使用常用句型提高表达效果
儿子
丈夫
父亲
户主
主人
句中句
句群
主从复合句
五种简单句的句型 (2+3+2)
1主语
谓语vi
谓语Lv
表语
2主语
谓语vt
宾语
3主语
谓语vt
宾语
宾语
4主语
谓语vt
宾语
宾补
5主语
状语
定语
名词：
成分：
My father is in the office.
My father likes apples.
My father is a worker.
He is Li Hua, a student in a school.
表明人或事物名称的词
主语 表语 宾语 同位语
主语(谁 什么)
宾语(动作承受者)
表语(主语怎么样)
同位语（补充说明名词）
What I said just now is to go home now.
He didn’t understand what I said just now.
The plan is What I said just now.
He had no idea what I said just now.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
名词通常有 advice decision fact hope idea information message news promise proposal report suggestion word(消息) problem question doubt thought 等
定义：在主从复合句中起名词作用的句子
主语从句 （主句谓语动词词前）
宾语从句 （动词或介词后）
表语从句 （连系动词后）
同位语从句 （名词后）
名词性从句
从句基本结构:
引导词 + 从句
功能相当于一个名词成分, 在句中作主语、 宾语、表语、同位语。
探究 1 从句的语序
Who will win the match is still unknown.
Where the party will be held has not yet been announced.
I want to know what he has told you.
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
He didn’t want to answer the question who stole the car.
小结：
所有从句一律保持 语序，
而非疑问句语序
陈述句
探究 2 从句的引导词
That they are badly in need of help is quite clear.
They are worrying about whether they can get there in time.
What we have learnt now will be useful sooner or later.
Why and how they reached the village is still known.
When and Where the party will be held has not yet been decided.
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
No one knows who he is and whose father he is.
小结：
连接词（不充当成分）
连接代词（主宾表定）
连接副词（状）
(无任何词义)
名词性从句 定语从句
连词 5 that (无词义，一般不可省，陈述语气) whether if (“是否”, 表示不确定性) as if as though (“好像; 似乎”)
连接代词 9 (主 宾 表 定) what whatever whose who whoever whom whomever which whichever 关系代词 6 (主 宾 表 定)
that (词义取决于先行词)
which
who whom whose
as
连接副词 4 (状) when where why how 关系副词 3 (状)
when where why
形容词性从句
疑问词
探究 3 whether 与 if 的区别
Whether there is life on Mars is an interesting question.
It depends on whether she will come or not.
I wonder whether / if you will stay at home today.
I am not sure whether he will come tonight or not.
There is some doubt whether they finish the work on time.
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay
小结：
whether用于所有名词性从句，if一般仅用于宾语从句。
介词后只用whether, whether可与不定时连用，whether可与or not连用。if不能。
if / whether 小练
1. I asked her ______________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about __________ he is safe.
3. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
4. I don’t know __________ or not he is well.
5. He is worrying about the question ___________
the old man will recover soon.
6. I don’t know __________ to go.
7. I wonder ______________ you will go shopping or
stay at home.
whether / if
whether
whether
whether
whether
whether
whether / if
探究 4 虚拟语气1
I suggest that she (should) do her work alone.
My suggestion is that quick measures (should) be taken
to deal with the problem.
It’s required that everyone (should) take part in the game.
小结：
1.表示“请求、命令、建议、要求”的动词或相应的名词后，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should+) 动词原形”。
小练
Mr Smith suggested that you _______________ (go) to see a doctor.
His words suggest that he_____ (be) a teacher.
The man insisted that the boy ________________ (steal)
his money and that _____________________ (send) to the
police station.
had stolen
(should) be sent
(should) go
is
insist 表示“坚持说”，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，
而用陈述语气； 表示“坚持要求”，用虚拟语气
suggest 表示“表明 暗示”，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，
而用陈述语气； 表示“建议”，用虚拟语气
探究 4 虚拟语气2
It’s necessary that we should take all we have.
It’s strange that the man should live and die in London.
It’s natural that the young should respect the old.
It is a pity that you should fail the exam again.
小结：
2. 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should+) do”。 常用句型:
It is necessary / important / natural / strange that...
It is a pity / a shame / no wonder that...
探究 4 虚拟语气3
Look at the clouds. It looks as if it is going to rain later.
小结：
3. as if 表语从句中用来表示假设或猜测等不真实情况时, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气。若表示真实情况用正常时态。常用句型:
It seems /looks /appears as if ...
It seemed as if the man had been the moon before.
探究 5 what 从句
That’s what the Party called on us to do.
America was what was first called “India” by Columbus.
Patience is what you need to do the job well.
He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me greatly.
Tom is no longer what he used to be.
What he did in class greatly affected people around him.
No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in
what we now know as California.
小结：
what (...所...的事/话/地方/样子) 作主宾表，
相当于定语从句 the thing/place/words ... that.....
探究 6 it 用法
It surprised him that they came to visit him suddenly.
小结：
I think it necessary that we should read English aloud.
我认为大声读英语很有必要。
让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。
That they came to visit him suddenly surprised him.
为了避免主语过长、句子头重脚轻。（形式主语）
为了句子紧凑平衡，便于理解。 （形式宾语）
It常用句型1
(1) It is+名词(词组)+主语从句
(2) It is+形容词+主语从句
(3) It is+过去分词+主语从句
(4) It+不及物动词+that ...
(5) It+及物动词+宾语+that从句
it常用句型2
(1) It is+名词(词组)+主语从句
It’s a pity that .... It’s a shame that ....
It’s a surprise that .... It’s a fact that .... 事实是...
It’s no wonder that .... ...不足为奇
(2) It is+形容词+主语从句 It’s likely that ... 很可能...。
It’s necessary that ... It’s important /essential that ...
It’s strange that ... It’s obvious /clear that ...
(3) It is+过去分词+主语从句
It’s said /reported /believed /acknowledged that ...
It’s suggested /requested /proposed /desired that...
It is known to (us) all that ... 众所周知, ...
常用句型3
(4) It+不及物动词+that ...
It seems /appears that ... 似乎…
It happens that... 碰巧…
It occurs to sb that... 某人突然想起…
It doesn't matter + that/whether/wh- ... ...不重要。
(5) It+及物动词+宾语+that从句
It surprises sb. that ... 使某人吃惊的是...
It impresses sb. that ... 使某人印象深刻的是...
It makes no difference...+主语从句 ...没影响 /不重要 /无所谓。
名词性从句常用句型1
(1) 表语从句
That’s why .... 那就是...的原因。 It’s because ....
The reason why ... is that .... (...的原因是...)
Chances are that ... 可能.....
The question / problem is whether / wh- .... 问题是...
(2) 同位语从句
It’s a fact that ... 事实是...。 No wonder that ..... 难怪...
Words came that ... 消息传来说...。
There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问, ...
There is some doubt whether ... 是否...., 还有疑问。
There is a chance that ... 可能.....
常用句型2
(3) what从句
What impresses sb. most is ... 使某人印象深刻的是......
What interests / excites sb most is .... 使某人感兴趣 /兴奋的是......
What makes sb interested / excited /angry is ...
使某人感兴趣 /兴奋 /生气的是......
(3) 宾语从句
find/think it necessary / important that ... 发现...有必要/重要
make it clear to sb. that ... 使某人清楚表明 ...
1. I don’t think ________ she will come.
2. I don’t think it necessary _______ you should do it.
3. He told me _______ his father had died
and ________ he had to deal with something.
4. I don’t know ______ broke the glass yesterday.
5. Can you make sure_________ Alice has put the gold ring.
6. It all depends on __________ they will support us .
7. She will give __________needs help a warm support.
8. He made ____clear to the public ______ he did an
important job.
9. I find ____ necessary _______ we should do the homework.
(that)
that
(that)
that
who
where
whether
whoever
it
that
it
that
1. I don’t know _______or not.
A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home
C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home
2. This depends on ______ the weather is fine.
A. which B. whether C. if D. that
3. The teacher asked the new student ___ class he was in.
A. which B. where C. if D. that
4. Go and get your coat. It’s _______ you left it.
A. there B. where C. there were D. where there
5. The problem is _______ he has enough time.
A. if B. whether C. / D. that
4. I remember _______ this used to be a quiet village.
A. how B. when C. where D. what
5. It is generally considered unwise to give a child
_______ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever
C. whichever D. wherever
6. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ____
A. where the bank nearest
B. where is the nearest bank
C. where the nearest bank is
D. the nearest bank is where
7. That’s ______ the Party called on us to do.
A. why B. what C. how D. that
8. The reason is _____ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether
9. That is _____ they separated 分别.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
10. Jane is no longer _____ she was four years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. when
11. The trouble is __________we are short of tools.
A. what B. that C. how D. why that
12. America was ______ was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what B. where C. the place D. there
13. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do
their work.
A. that B. which C. what D. such
14. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.
A. that B. like C. as D. as though
15. --- I fell sick!
--- I think it is _______ you are working too much.
A. why B. when C. what D. because
改错1. My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 2. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. 3. I have no idea if or not he has finished the work.
4. Because the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
5. The reason why I didn't go there was because I got a new job.
where
what
whether
That
that
6. I am sure that he said is true.
7. They came to the conclusion whether not all things can be done by a computer.
8. I don't doubt whether he'll come back on time.
9. My suggestion is we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. 10. His promise which he would give away half of the year's income to the disabled turned out a lie.
what
that
that
加that
that
翻译句子1. 已经定下来了，会议推迟到了下周一。(主语从句)
2. 我并不知道他是否参加音乐会。(宾语从句)
3. 问题是值不值得试一试。(表语从句)
4. 他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(同位语从句)
It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.
I didn't know whether / if he would attend the concert.
The question is whether it is worth trying.
The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
5. 他没来公司的原因是他生病了。(表语从句)
6. 我们必须尽力完成老师交给我们的任务。(宾语从句)
The reason why he didn't come to the company was that he was ill.
We must try to finish what the teacher told us to do.
语篇赏析
高三学生学习任务繁重。体育课已成为难得的放松时间， 可目前你们体育课内容单一，有时甚至被其他学科占用。请你用英语写一篇短文，给校报投稿， 词数100左右。
内容应包括：
1. 目前体育课的现状；
2. 你对此现象的看法；
3. 提出一些合理的建议。
Dear editor，
As the college entrance examination is drawing near. We senior high school students are occupied with busy work. To a certain extent, it is PE class that is our only chance to relax. However, it is a pity that our present PE class is quite dull and sometimes even replaced by other subjects.
Not only can PE class build our body but it also can shape our personality. Therefore, personally I hold the view that it would be a great loss to us students if it were replaced by other lessons. Meanwhile, I think the teacher can design and organize some fun sports, where everyone can be involved.
I hope PE class can not only enrich our school life but also enable everyone to find his or her own pleasure in it.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua