人教版（新课标）选修六 Unit 5 The power of nature 单元测试（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（新课标）选修六 Unit 5 The power of nature 单元测试（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-09-25 06:24:44 | ||
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选修六 Unit 5 The power of nature
单元测试
一、阅读理解
A
Seeing a volcano erupt (喷发）is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the beat by climbing to the summit(山顶）of Pacaya for a close-up view. There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua. Giving travellers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.
Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua,a beautiful city with many colourful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you won't miss the Pacaya-tour companies.
But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2,560 metres high and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements. As you climb, you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above. Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit: the McKenney Cone(火山锥）. Just as though you were going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old, inactive summit.
Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for I sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava(溶$) and the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.
1. What is the main purpose of this passage
A.To attract tourists to Pacaya.
B.To describe the beauty of Pacaya.
C.To introduce guided tours to Pacaya.
D.To explain the power of nature at Pacaya.
2.Climbing to the McKenney Cone,people will _____.
A.walk directly to the active summit
B.hear the continuous loud noise from above
C.make greater efforts than to other summits
D.see a path lined with remains of earlier eruptions
3.Many tours are timed for people to _____.
A. get down the mountain in time when night falls
B. avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone
C.enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky
D.appreciate the scenery of the 2,560-metre-high mountain
B
It took me a moment to realise what had happened. Three days had passed and Rita seemed to get weaker and weaker. The rain had stopped. However, the sky was still cloudy, and it was so dark that I couldn't see the buildings even across the road. I took a pressure reading from the weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where I was—in the eye of the storm.
There were still rains and winds, but not oppressive(难以忍受的) anymore. There was still no power, hot water or food. Besides, I didn't sleep well for all these days, but I felt more relaxed since the weather report said Rita was leaving. What's more, I was luckier than those people who had lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of Rita.
As I travelled further to the west, going after the storm, the damage along the way became less severe. I arrived in Houston after a tricky journey with my fuel supplies almost all gone. However, I came across another storm chaser(追逐者) who had 45 gallons of petrol. He helped me and we shared our working experience these days. With a complete stroke of luck I found a run-down hotel that allowed me to have a room overnight before the midnight. Although there was no running water, no power and no air conditioning, I curled up into a comer and fell asleep quickly.
I woke up the next morning, and what a change! The sky was blue and cars were moving around. Sirens could be heard as convoys(护航队) of emergency managements started to head west towards where I had come from. "The storm had stopped and I could go home. I gave all my remaining supplies to other people at the hotel and headed towards the airport. Houston Airport was not damaged, so I took my flight and drank my first hot drink in four days."
All in all, when I came back home, I was proud that I finally made it again to follow and record the storm and I really learnt a lot these days. Although it's dangerous, I love my job as not many people would go into the eye of an intense storm.
1.We can know from the passage that "Rita" is _____.
A.a pet B.a storm
C.a friend of the author D.a citizen in Houston
2.What can we infer from the passage
A.The author was a storm chaser. B.The storm lasted for at least a week.
C.The author didn't like Houston at all. D.Houston was very badly damaged by the storm.
3.How did the author probably feel after the storm
A.Anxious. B.Disappointed. C.Satisfied. D.Scared.
4.What is the passage mainly about
A.Ways to survive in a storm. B.The weather changes in Houston.
C.The author's experience in the storm. D.Damages caused by the storm in Houston.
C
NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he's happy, he raises his arms for a hug. Nothing is out of the ordinary, except that NAO is a robot.
"We're modelling the first year of life," says Lola Canamero, a computer scientist at the University of Hertfordshire. "The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal(言语的) expressions."
In the future, says the scientist, robots are likely to act as companions, provide support for old people, and help people shop online. In these situations, the display of emotions, will be important in making the interaction(相互作用) more natural and comfortable.
NAO has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-year-old child. It can memorize faces, and knows the basic rules of good and bad. Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on. The actions going with each feeling are pre-programmed, but NAO decides for itself when to display them.
NAO is also programmed to have different personalities. A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room, while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful.
Canamero's team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications. Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in hospitals to support the roles of doctors, nurses and parents. Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. "We want to explore different roles—the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and explain what they have to do. We want to help the children to control their anxiety," she says.
1.According to the text, what do we know about NAO
A.It displays different feelings in different situations.
B.It is able to imitate adults, emotional displays.
C.It can remember people's feelings.
D.It learns emotions from facial expressions.
2.What can we learn from the text
A.Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create NAO's emotions.
B.The time when NAO displays feelings has been pre-programmed.
C.Emotional programming is used in medicine production.
D.Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable.
3.What does the underlined word "distress" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Courage. B.Anxiety. C.Anger. D.Satisfaction.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The relationship between humans and robots. B.The roles that robots play in different fields.
C.The first robot able to show feelings. D.The long history of robots.
D
Tsunamis(海啸) are one of the most terrifying natural phenomena that the world suffers. The series of waves produced by the displacement(位移) of a large volume of water can be caused by several events, including earthquakes, underwater explosions and landslides. Once triggered(引发), a tsunami can hit the coast within minutes and its destructive power can be enormous.
At present, early warning systems rely on measuring the movement of the buoys(浮标), which record changes in the sea level, or assessing the bottom water pressure of the developing tsunami. But they require the tsunami to physically reach the measurement location. The buoys could be fixed in the deep ocean, but this requires an unrealistically big number of buoys. Or people can fix the buoys along the shoreline, but due to the high speed of the tsunami, this method may leave no warning time for people on the land.
Instead, there is a new system—using sound waves to predict tsunamis. Sound waves caused by an earthquake can travel much faster than the tsunami that has been triggered. Using standard underwater microphones, we can record these sound waves long before the tsunami arrives regardless of the direction in which the tsunami will travel. The sound signals come from changes in pressure, so what we actually analyse is a series of data on how the pressure is changing overtime. Though buoys also show changes in pressure, the tsunami front must actually reach the buoys to inform us that there is an increase in the water surface. By using underwater microphones, however, we only need to catch the sound signals.
Though the idea of using sound waves to predict tsunamis has been put forward previously, the key to our idea is a new mathematical method that can be used to analyse these recorded sound signals in near real time. Once this is worked out, we can not only warn people of a tsunami but also more accurately estimate its size long before it reaches the shoreline.
1.What do we know from Paragraph 1
A.What can trigger off tsunamis.
B.How to predict tsunamis effectively.
C.Why tsunamis are the worst natural disaster.
D.How to protect the coastal areas from tsunamis.
2.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.The buoys in the sea. B.The changes in the sea level.
C.The changes in water pressure. D.The present early warning systems.
3.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.It has high accuracy. B.It can increase warning time.
C.It can monitor changeable sea levels. D.It can adapt to various water wave conditions.
4.What's the best title for the text
A.Ways to Guard Against Tsunamis B.Methods of Analysing Sound Signals
C.A New Real-Time Tsunami Warning System D.Tsunami—the Most Terrifying Natural Disaster
二、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Teach Kids Good Behaviour
Kids can be hard to handle sometimes. When a child acts out, you may be unsure how to handle it effectively. In most cases, you don't have to make use of punishment. ①_____
Tell the children you want to change your behaviour. If you feel that you used ineffective strategies before, it may be worth talking about it to the kids. ②_____ Apologising for the past misbehaviour also sets a good example.
③_____ Unmet needs can lead to misbehaviour. Meet the needs, and misbehaviour may not happen. When a child expresses a need, acknowledge it, either meeting it now or telling them your plan to meet that need soon. Pay attention when a child says or hints(暗示) at things like "I'm hungry", "I'm tired" and "I'm upset".
Keep your expectations reasonable. ④_____ Kids are going to be annoying sometimes, and they won't always be little angels. They might not be able to do everything you ask of them, no matter how hard they try.
Be clear about your expectations. ⑤_____ Let them know what you expect from them, and give reminders as needed.
A.Give praise when the child does something well.
B.Meet the children's needs when they say something.
C.This helps them recognise that you will behave differently.
D.Kids can't follow the rules if they don't know what they are.
E.Let them know that you see them behaving better and that you appreciate it.
F.Some kids, especially younger ones, have limited self-control and attention spans.
G.Instead, talking to the child and setting positive expectations can make a big difference.
三、阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Wisconsin teacher has become a web star for his amusing take on a popular TV song.
Paul Miller, a teacher in America, 1 a video on YouTube where he does his take on “I’ll Be There For You,” a song from Friends.
“No one told me school was gonna be this way,” Miller sings in a classroom, in 2 to the pandemic and the nationwide 3 of in-person teaching. “I got my lessons ready but students are absent. Though 4 , we can still have a great year. ’Cause I’ll be here for you when you’re learning at home.”
“ 5 our social distance, school will still be great.” Miller continues. Having 6 the reasons why online learning has its 7 , Miller jumps into the chorus, telling his students what they can 8 . “When back,” he sings. “You really start to shine. No matter what, I’m here for you.”
Miller’s video has received over 45,000 views and lots of 9 comments. One wrote: “Teachers are 10 on earth in human form.”
In an 11 with WMTV, Miller says he 12 starts every school year with a song. This year, however, he has to be more creative. The teacher says he’s been 13 by the positive responses he’s gotten. “Really the 14 we are getting this year is completely off the 15 ,” he adds. “I have gotten messages from Arizona to India. Apparently, Friends is a very popular show. ”
1.A.marks B.records C.praises D.shares
2.A.response B.relation C.devotion D.addition
3.A.preparation B.cancellation C.admiration D.promotion
4.A.private B.attractive C.virtual D.passive
5.A.For B.Despite C.Against D.Across
6.A.listed B.gained C.recognized D.realized
7.A.contributions B.effects C.tendencies D.benefits
8.A.expect B.develop C.treasure D.correspond
9.A.objective B.critical C.casual D.supportive
10.A.leaders B.spirits C.angels D.sponsors
11.A.interview B.conversation C.debate D.argument
12.A.especially B.normally C.particularly D.temporarily
13.A.influenced B.burdened C.overwhelmed D.defeated
14.A.strength B.preference C.responsibility D.attention
15.A.tracks B.books C.charts D.hooks
四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Taking up exercise could change our feelings about food in surprising and ①_____(benefit) ways, according ②_____ a new study of exercise and eating. The result ③_____(find) by the study is that new exercisers start to experience less desire for fatty foods, a change ④_____ could have long-term influences on weight control.
The researchers asked a group of sedentary(久坐的) volunteers about how they ⑤_____(feel) about food. Some of them then ⑥_____(ask) to continue with their normal lives as a control group, while the others began exercising.
It turns out that the exercisers no ⑦_____(long) found high-calorie, fatty foods quite so irresistible(不可抵抗的). Interestingly, their scores on measures of "liking", or how ⑧_____ they expected to enjoy those same foods, remained unchanged and strong.
"Besides ⑨_____(make) us healthier, exercise might improve the ⑩_____(connect) between food reward and eating behaviour habits and overeating(过度饮食)," says Kristine Beaulieu, a dietitian who led the new study.
五、假定你是李华, 是学校英语社团的负责人。 正值社团成立三周年, 学校将举办系列活动, 打算邀请外教老师 Eric 参加。 请你给外教老师写一封邮件, 内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 活动时间、地点和内容;
3. 你的期待。
注意:
1. 词数 80 左右(称呼和落款已给出,不计入总词数);
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Eric,
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As 17-year-old Torriell Norwood drove through St. Peters-burg, Florida last February with her friends to pay a visit to the great park as scheduled. Norwood shared her first aid courses and her dream of becoming a doctor and other girls shared their precious experiences about the natural adventures with each other. The laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached an intersection, another car T-boned them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree. All of them were in panic instantly, totally at a loss!
As smoke waved from the car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out! ” The impact had caved in Norwood’s driver’s side door, jamming it shut. The bystander seized the front door handle of the car, summoned all his strength to pull it open but failed. Shaken, but otherwise OK, Norwood crawled out through the window. She had a cut on the right side of her face. Originally her lovely face became very pale. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.
But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Azarria Simmons, was not with them. Norwood ran back to the wreck and found Simmons slumped in the back seat. “She was not moving,” Norwood shouted with her heart tightened. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. She checked her pulse. Nothing! She put her head against Simmons’s chest. No sign of life!
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
If the accident had happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After a while, the CPR worked and Simmons regained her consciousness.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
A.答案：ADC
解析：1.A 提示：通读全文,发现这是一篇关于 Pacaya 的旅游情况的介绍,是为了吸引游客到此观光。
2.D 提示:从第二段中“含teaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit: the McKenney Cone," 中可以判断出答案为D。
3. C 提示:从最后一段中“Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava and the darkening sky. ”可以判断出,答案为C。
B.答案：1-4 BACC
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段中的Besides, I didn't sleep well for all these days, but I felt more relaxed since the weather report said Rita was leaving. What's more, I was luckier than those people who had lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of Rita.可知, 天气预报报道"丽塔"正在离开, 但它让许多人失去了家园, 甚至是生命。结合第一段中的I took a pressure reading from the weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where I was—in the eye of the storm.可知, "丽塔"是一场风暴, 故选B项。
2.推理判断题。由第三段第三句However, I came across another storm chaser who had 45 gallons of petrol.可知, 作者也是一位风暴追逐者, 故选A项。
3.细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的proud和I really learnt a lot可知, 经历这次风暴之后, 作者感觉很满意, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。这篇文章描述了作者亲身经历的一场风暴"丽塔", 他对自己能够追逐并且记录这场风暴感到非常骄傲。尽管非常危险, 但是作者非常热爱自己的这份工作, 故选C项。
C.答案：1-4 ADBC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he's happy, he raises his arms for a hug.可知, 当NAO伤心时, 它会低下头, 当它开心时, 它会伸出手要求拥抱, 这说明NAO能在不同情况下表达不同的情绪。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第六段中的Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious.可知, 如果孩子们有一个小小的、友好的又能够理解他们情感状态的机器人陪着的话, 他们可能就不会那么焦虑了, 也就是说具有情感技能的机器人可以帮助孩子们感觉更放松。故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间时很少寻求帮助, 是独立完成任务的。句中的while表示对比, 由此可以判断, 后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西时会表现出焦虑(的情绪)。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team.和全文内容可知, 本文主要介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。故选C项。
D.答案：1-4 ADBC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的The series of waves produced by the displacement of a large volume of water can be caused by several events, including earthquakes, underwater explosions and landslides.可知, 由大量水的位移所产生的一系列海浪可以由地震、水下爆炸和滑坡等多种事件引起, 由此我们从第一段可以知道什么会引发海啸。故选A项。
2.词义猜测题。画线词前面的句子At present, early warning systems rely on measuring the movement of the buoys, which record changes in the sea level, or assessing the bottom water pressure of the developing tsunami.讲述的是目前的早期预警系统依赖于测量浮标的运动或者评估变化中的海啸的底部水压, 由此可知, 画线词they指的是"目前的早期预警系统"。此处指的是目前的早期预警系统需要海啸实际到达测量地点。故选D项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Instead, there is a new system—using sound waves to predict tsunamis. Sound waves caused by an earthquake can travel much faster than the tsunami that has been triggered.可知, 有一种新的系统—利用声波来预测海啸。地震引起的声波比引发的海啸的传播速度要快得多。因此, 从第三段我们可以推断出, 新的预警系统可以增加预警时间。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第三段中的Instead, there is a new system—using sound waves to predict tsunamis., 再结合全文内容可知, 这篇文章通过说明引发海啸的原因、海啸的破坏力以及当前海啸预警系统的弊端, 介绍了一个新的实时海啸预警系统。由此可知, 这篇文章最好的题目是"一个新的实时海啸预警系统"。故选C项。
二、答案：①-⑤ GCBFD
解析：①空前表示在大多数情况下, 你不必使用惩罚; 下文给出了几点教导孩子良好行为的方法, 由此可知, 此处表转折, 选项G(相反, 和孩子交谈并设定积极的期望会有很大的不同)符合语境, 故选G项。
②根据空后的also可知, 该空的句子也是解释向孩子道歉的好处。故选C项。helps为关键词。
③该空为本段的主题句, 根据其他段落主题句的句式结构可知, 该空应为祈使句。空后的句子表明未满足的需求会导致不良行为。满足需求, 不良行为就可能不会发生。由此可知, 该空应是提议要满足孩子们的需要, 故选B项。
④本段主题为保持合理的期望, 结合下文"孩子有时候会很烦人, 他们不会永远都是小天使"可知, 该空应是解释期望要合理的理由, 即有些孩子的自制力和注意力持续时间有限。故选F项。
⑤根据本段主题句Be clear about your expectations.可知, 本段建议明确你的期望, 设空处应给出原因, 选项D(如果孩子们不知道规矩是什么, 那他们就没办法遵守)符合语境, 与下文逻辑关系紧密。故选D项。
三、答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.B; 4.C; 5.B; 6.A; 7.D; 8.A; 9.D; 10.C; 11.A; 12.B; 13.C; 14.D; 15.C
解析：1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国教师保罗米勒在 You Tube上分享了一段视频,在视频中他演绎了《老友记》中的歌曲《I"ll Be There For You》,A. marks做标记：打分数：B. records记录;C. praises表扬;D. shares分享。根据后文的地点状语"on You tube（在 You tube上）可知,应是在该社交网站上分享了一段视频。故选D项。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没人告诉我学校会是这样的,“米勒在教室里唱道,以回应新冠疫情和全国性面授课的取消。A.response回答;答复;B. relation联系;关系;C. devotion奉献;忠诚;D. addition增加。根据后文" the pandemic（疫情）可知,这里应是表达“应对疫情”,“ in response to sth'意为“对……回应。故选A项。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意没人告诉我学校会是这样的,米勒在教室里唱道,以回应新冠疫情和全国性面授课的取消。A preparation准备;B. cancellation取消;撤消;C. admiration赞赏;羡慕;D. promotion提升;宣传。根据后文" I got my lessons ready but students are absent（我已经把课准备好了,但学生们都不在场）以及“ Cause I'll be here for you when you’re learning at home因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边）”可知,在疫情期间,取消了学校面授课。故选B项。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是虚拟的,但我们仍然可以度过美好的一年。A. private私人的;B, attractive吸引人的;C virtual虚拟的;D. passive消极的;被动的。根据后文" Cause I'll be here for you when you're learning at home.因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边）可知,应是因为疫情,学生们在家里上网课,且“we"应是指代老师自己和学生们,因此,该句应是指虽然是虚拟的网络课堂,但是这一学年也是很好的。故选C项。
5.考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们有社交距离,上课（上学）还是很棒的。米勒还在继续。A. For为了;B. Despite尽管即使; C. against反对;倚靠;D. Across穿过。分析可知,“ our social distance应是指老师与学生之间有了社交距离,与后文" school will still be great上课上学还是很棒的）之间存在转折关系。故选B项。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：列举了在线学习有其好处的原因后,米勒进入了副歌部分,告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A listed列举;B. gained获得;C. recognized辨认;识别;D. realized意识到;实现。根据前文" Though we can still have a great year：' Cause I'll be here for you when you're learning at home（虽然是虚拟的,但我们仍然可以度过美好的一年。“因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边。"）"可知,疫情期间,保持社交距离,网络授课还有老师的虚拟陪伴都是米勒老师列举的好处。故选A项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：列举了在线学习有其好处的原因后,米勒进入了副歌部分,告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A contributions贡献;捐款;B. effects影响;结果;C. tendencies倾向;趋势;D. benefits益处;好处。根据前文" Though 4 we can still have a great year. 'Cause I'll be here for you when you're learning at home虚拟的,但我们仍然可以度过美好的一年。"因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边。"）"可知,这些是米勒老师列举出的疫情期间网络授课的好处：可以保持社交距离;老师的"虚拟`陪伴。故选D项。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：列举了在线学习有其好处的原因后,米勒进入了副歌部分,告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A expect期待;期望;B. develop发展;C. treasure珍重;珍藏;D. correspond相一致;符合。根据后文“ When back. he sings. You really start to shine. No matter what. I'm here for you:（当返校时,他唱道。你真的开始闪耀发光（出类拔萃）了。无论如何,我都会在你身边。）可知,米勒老师唱出了返校之后的事情,这是值得期待的。故选A项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：米勒的视频已经收到超过4000的浏览量和大量的支持性评论。A. objective客观的;B. critical批评的;批判性的;C. casual随便的;不经意的;D. supportive支持的;鼓励的,根据后文的评论 the positive responses he's gotten他得到的积极回应）可知,米勒老师分享的视频收到了很多积极的评论。故选D项。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一位写道：“教师是地球上人形的天使。"A. leaders领导者;领先者;B. spirits态度;C. angels天使;D. sponsors赞助人;倡议人。根据后文" the positive responses he' s gotten（他得到的积极回应）ˇ可知,他得到了积极的回应此这里的评论应是将老师比喻为天使。故选C项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：米勒在接受WMTV采访时说,他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. Interview面试;采访;B conversation交谈;C. debate辩论;讨论;D. argument争论;争吵。分析后文“WMTV应是指某一电视台,因此可知,这里应是采访。故选A项。
12.考查副词词义辨析。句意：米勒在接受WMTV采访时说,他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. especially尤其;特别;B. normally通常;正常情况下;C. particularly特别;尤其;D. temporarily皙时地;临时地。根据后文" starts every school year with a song（每学年都以一首歌开始）可知,他每年都以一首歌的形式带领学生开始新的学年,这是正常情况。故选B项。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师说他被他得到的积极回应所淹没。A. influenced影响;B. burdened（使）担负;C. overwhelmed（强烈地影响而）使不知所措;淹没;D. defeated击败;战胜。根据前文Miller's video has received over45.000 views and lots of 9 comments（米勒的视频已经收到超过4500）的浏览量和大量的支持性评论）"可知,他应是收到了很多积极的关注和回复,回复太多而把他所淹没。故选C项。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他补充道：“今年我们得到的关注确实是史无前例的,"A. strength体力;实力;B. preference偏爱;喜爱; C, responsibility责任;D. attention注意力。根据后文" have gotten messages from Arizona to India.我收到了从亚利桑那州到印度的消息）可知,米勒老师收到了从美国到印度的消息,这说明很多人都在关注。故选D项。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他补充道：今年我们得到的关注确实是史无前例的。A. tracks轨道;跑道;B. books书本;书籍C. charts图表;D. hooks钩子。根据后文I have gotten messages from Arizona to India我收到了从亚利桑那州到印度的消息可知,米勒老师收到了从美国到印度的消息,受到关注的程度很高,对于他来说“史无前例”。“ off the charts”,意为好的离谱好极了;史无前例的。故选C项。
四、答案：①beneficial ②to ③found ④that/which ⑤felt ⑥were asked ⑦longer ⑧much ⑨making ⑩connection
解析：①修饰名词ways应用形容词。故填beneficial。
②according to为固定搭配, 意为"根据"。故填to。
③is为本句的谓语动词, 动词find与其之间无连接词, 故用非谓语动词形式作定语, 修饰名词result; result与find之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词。故填found。
④句意为: 研究结果发现, 刚开始锻炼的人对髙脂食物的渴望开始减少, 这一变化会对体重控制产生长期影响。a change在此处作同位语, 后面句子起修饰作用, 为限制性定语从句, 先行词为a change, 表示物, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
⑤about为介词, 后面句子为how引导的宾语从句, 该空为从句中的谓语动词, 根据主句的时态可知, 该空用一般过去时。故填felt。
⑥句意为: 作为对照组, 其中一部分人被要求继续过他们的正常生活, 而另一部分人则开始锻炼。根据句中began的时态可知, 此处用一般过去时, 主语Some of them与ask之间为被动关系, 应用被动语态, 且主语为复数概念, 故填were asked。
⑦no longer为固定搭配, 意为"不再"。故填longer。
⑧句意为: 有趣的是, 他们在衡量"喜好"方面的得分, 也就是他们期望享受同样食物的程度, 保持不变, 而且很强烈。how much意为"多么", 作副词, 用来说明该动作的程度。故填much。
⑨besides在此处意为"除了", 为介词, 后接动名词形式。故填making。
⑩定冠词the后接名词, 作动词improve的宾语。故填connection。
五、答案：
Dear Eric,
I am writing to tell you that we intend to celebrate the 3rd anniversary of our English Club and I sincerely invite you to attend.
The celebration activity will be held on next Friday in the lecture hall. As scheduled, various activities will be available ranging from an oral English speech to English song performances. Additionally, an English play named Snow White will be also on show. Everything will overflow with happiness then.
I hope we are lucky enough to have you here and expecting to learn more with your presence and participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析： 本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给外教老师Eric写封信,邀请他参加学校英语社团成立三周年系列活动。
1.词汇积累
准备：intend→plan
各种各样的：various→varied
另外：additionally→ moreover
幸运的：lucky→ fortunate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additionally. an English play named Snow White will be also on show
拓展句：Additionally, an English play, whose name is Snow White will be also on show
【高分句型1】I am writing to tell you that we intend to celebrate the 3rd anniversary of our English Club and I sincerely invite you to attend.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 As scheduled, various activities will be available ranging from an oral English speech to English song performances.（运用了现在分词作后置定语）
六、答案：
If the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the ground and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practise what she'd learned. She started pumping Simmons's chest with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend's mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. The other two girls ran back and called 911.
After a while, the CPR worked and Simmons regained her consciousness. Simmons began coughing and gasping for air but she was still weak. Norwood breathed a sigh of relief knowing her friend out of danger. Soon the emergency car arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she received the comprehensive medical examination. Then after she heard how her best friend had saved her life, Simmons said gratefully, "I am so blessed to have her by my side. Such as she is, always ready for helping others in any way she can."
解析： 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了 Torriell Norwood和她的朋友开车穿过佛罗里达州的圣彼得堡,却被另外辆车撞了, Norwood从车里逃了出来,尝试着救她的朋友。
1段落续写
①由第一段首句内容如果事故发生在几周前,她可能不知道该怎么办。"可知,第一段可描写 Norwood用心肺复苏术救她的朋友
②由第二段首句内容过了一段时间,心肺复苏起了作用,西蒙斯恢复了她的意识。"可知,第二段可描写西蒙斯醒来被送到医院
2续写线索：跪—按压—脱离危险—接受检査
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跪：kneel/fall on one's knees
②按压：pump/press
③脱离危险：out of danger /out of the wood
④接受检查：receive medical examination undergo medical examination
情绪类
松了一口气：breathe a sigh of relief/be relieved
②感激地：gratefully/ thankfully
单元测试
一、阅读理解
A
Seeing a volcano erupt (喷发）is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the beat by climbing to the summit(山顶）of Pacaya for a close-up view. There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua. Giving travellers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.
Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua,a beautiful city with many colourful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you won't miss the Pacaya-tour companies.
But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2,560 metres high and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements. As you climb, you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above. Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit: the McKenney Cone(火山锥）. Just as though you were going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old, inactive summit.
Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for I sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava(溶$) and the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.
1. What is the main purpose of this passage
A.To attract tourists to Pacaya.
B.To describe the beauty of Pacaya.
C.To introduce guided tours to Pacaya.
D.To explain the power of nature at Pacaya.
2.Climbing to the McKenney Cone,people will _____.
A.walk directly to the active summit
B.hear the continuous loud noise from above
C.make greater efforts than to other summits
D.see a path lined with remains of earlier eruptions
3.Many tours are timed for people to _____.
A. get down the mountain in time when night falls
B. avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone
C.enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky
D.appreciate the scenery of the 2,560-metre-high mountain
B
It took me a moment to realise what had happened. Three days had passed and Rita seemed to get weaker and weaker. The rain had stopped. However, the sky was still cloudy, and it was so dark that I couldn't see the buildings even across the road. I took a pressure reading from the weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where I was—in the eye of the storm.
There were still rains and winds, but not oppressive(难以忍受的) anymore. There was still no power, hot water or food. Besides, I didn't sleep well for all these days, but I felt more relaxed since the weather report said Rita was leaving. What's more, I was luckier than those people who had lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of Rita.
As I travelled further to the west, going after the storm, the damage along the way became less severe. I arrived in Houston after a tricky journey with my fuel supplies almost all gone. However, I came across another storm chaser(追逐者) who had 45 gallons of petrol. He helped me and we shared our working experience these days. With a complete stroke of luck I found a run-down hotel that allowed me to have a room overnight before the midnight. Although there was no running water, no power and no air conditioning, I curled up into a comer and fell asleep quickly.
I woke up the next morning, and what a change! The sky was blue and cars were moving around. Sirens could be heard as convoys(护航队) of emergency managements started to head west towards where I had come from. "The storm had stopped and I could go home. I gave all my remaining supplies to other people at the hotel and headed towards the airport. Houston Airport was not damaged, so I took my flight and drank my first hot drink in four days."
All in all, when I came back home, I was proud that I finally made it again to follow and record the storm and I really learnt a lot these days. Although it's dangerous, I love my job as not many people would go into the eye of an intense storm.
1.We can know from the passage that "Rita" is _____.
A.a pet B.a storm
C.a friend of the author D.a citizen in Houston
2.What can we infer from the passage
A.The author was a storm chaser. B.The storm lasted for at least a week.
C.The author didn't like Houston at all. D.Houston was very badly damaged by the storm.
3.How did the author probably feel after the storm
A.Anxious. B.Disappointed. C.Satisfied. D.Scared.
4.What is the passage mainly about
A.Ways to survive in a storm. B.The weather changes in Houston.
C.The author's experience in the storm. D.Damages caused by the storm in Houston.
C
NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he's happy, he raises his arms for a hug. Nothing is out of the ordinary, except that NAO is a robot.
"We're modelling the first year of life," says Lola Canamero, a computer scientist at the University of Hertfordshire. "The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal(言语的) expressions."
In the future, says the scientist, robots are likely to act as companions, provide support for old people, and help people shop online. In these situations, the display of emotions, will be important in making the interaction(相互作用) more natural and comfortable.
NAO has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-year-old child. It can memorize faces, and knows the basic rules of good and bad. Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on. The actions going with each feeling are pre-programmed, but NAO decides for itself when to display them.
NAO is also programmed to have different personalities. A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room, while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful.
Canamero's team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications. Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in hospitals to support the roles of doctors, nurses and parents. Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. "We want to explore different roles—the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and explain what they have to do. We want to help the children to control their anxiety," she says.
1.According to the text, what do we know about NAO
A.It displays different feelings in different situations.
B.It is able to imitate adults, emotional displays.
C.It can remember people's feelings.
D.It learns emotions from facial expressions.
2.What can we learn from the text
A.Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create NAO's emotions.
B.The time when NAO displays feelings has been pre-programmed.
C.Emotional programming is used in medicine production.
D.Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable.
3.What does the underlined word "distress" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Courage. B.Anxiety. C.Anger. D.Satisfaction.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The relationship between humans and robots. B.The roles that robots play in different fields.
C.The first robot able to show feelings. D.The long history of robots.
D
Tsunamis(海啸) are one of the most terrifying natural phenomena that the world suffers. The series of waves produced by the displacement(位移) of a large volume of water can be caused by several events, including earthquakes, underwater explosions and landslides. Once triggered(引发), a tsunami can hit the coast within minutes and its destructive power can be enormous.
At present, early warning systems rely on measuring the movement of the buoys(浮标), which record changes in the sea level, or assessing the bottom water pressure of the developing tsunami. But they require the tsunami to physically reach the measurement location. The buoys could be fixed in the deep ocean, but this requires an unrealistically big number of buoys. Or people can fix the buoys along the shoreline, but due to the high speed of the tsunami, this method may leave no warning time for people on the land.
Instead, there is a new system—using sound waves to predict tsunamis. Sound waves caused by an earthquake can travel much faster than the tsunami that has been triggered. Using standard underwater microphones, we can record these sound waves long before the tsunami arrives regardless of the direction in which the tsunami will travel. The sound signals come from changes in pressure, so what we actually analyse is a series of data on how the pressure is changing overtime. Though buoys also show changes in pressure, the tsunami front must actually reach the buoys to inform us that there is an increase in the water surface. By using underwater microphones, however, we only need to catch the sound signals.
Though the idea of using sound waves to predict tsunamis has been put forward previously, the key to our idea is a new mathematical method that can be used to analyse these recorded sound signals in near real time. Once this is worked out, we can not only warn people of a tsunami but also more accurately estimate its size long before it reaches the shoreline.
1.What do we know from Paragraph 1
A.What can trigger off tsunamis.
B.How to predict tsunamis effectively.
C.Why tsunamis are the worst natural disaster.
D.How to protect the coastal areas from tsunamis.
2.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.The buoys in the sea. B.The changes in the sea level.
C.The changes in water pressure. D.The present early warning systems.
3.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.It has high accuracy. B.It can increase warning time.
C.It can monitor changeable sea levels. D.It can adapt to various water wave conditions.
4.What's the best title for the text
A.Ways to Guard Against Tsunamis B.Methods of Analysing Sound Signals
C.A New Real-Time Tsunami Warning System D.Tsunami—the Most Terrifying Natural Disaster
二、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Teach Kids Good Behaviour
Kids can be hard to handle sometimes. When a child acts out, you may be unsure how to handle it effectively. In most cases, you don't have to make use of punishment. ①_____
Tell the children you want to change your behaviour. If you feel that you used ineffective strategies before, it may be worth talking about it to the kids. ②_____ Apologising for the past misbehaviour also sets a good example.
③_____ Unmet needs can lead to misbehaviour. Meet the needs, and misbehaviour may not happen. When a child expresses a need, acknowledge it, either meeting it now or telling them your plan to meet that need soon. Pay attention when a child says or hints(暗示) at things like "I'm hungry", "I'm tired" and "I'm upset".
Keep your expectations reasonable. ④_____ Kids are going to be annoying sometimes, and they won't always be little angels. They might not be able to do everything you ask of them, no matter how hard they try.
Be clear about your expectations. ⑤_____ Let them know what you expect from them, and give reminders as needed.
A.Give praise when the child does something well.
B.Meet the children's needs when they say something.
C.This helps them recognise that you will behave differently.
D.Kids can't follow the rules if they don't know what they are.
E.Let them know that you see them behaving better and that you appreciate it.
F.Some kids, especially younger ones, have limited self-control and attention spans.
G.Instead, talking to the child and setting positive expectations can make a big difference.
三、阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Wisconsin teacher has become a web star for his amusing take on a popular TV song.
Paul Miller, a teacher in America, 1 a video on YouTube where he does his take on “I’ll Be There For You,” a song from Friends.
“No one told me school was gonna be this way,” Miller sings in a classroom, in 2 to the pandemic and the nationwide 3 of in-person teaching. “I got my lessons ready but students are absent. Though 4 , we can still have a great year. ’Cause I’ll be here for you when you’re learning at home.”
“ 5 our social distance, school will still be great.” Miller continues. Having 6 the reasons why online learning has its 7 , Miller jumps into the chorus, telling his students what they can 8 . “When back,” he sings. “You really start to shine. No matter what, I’m here for you.”
Miller’s video has received over 45,000 views and lots of 9 comments. One wrote: “Teachers are 10 on earth in human form.”
In an 11 with WMTV, Miller says he 12 starts every school year with a song. This year, however, he has to be more creative. The teacher says he’s been 13 by the positive responses he’s gotten. “Really the 14 we are getting this year is completely off the 15 ,” he adds. “I have gotten messages from Arizona to India. Apparently, Friends is a very popular show. ”
1.A.marks B.records C.praises D.shares
2.A.response B.relation C.devotion D.addition
3.A.preparation B.cancellation C.admiration D.promotion
4.A.private B.attractive C.virtual D.passive
5.A.For B.Despite C.Against D.Across
6.A.listed B.gained C.recognized D.realized
7.A.contributions B.effects C.tendencies D.benefits
8.A.expect B.develop C.treasure D.correspond
9.A.objective B.critical C.casual D.supportive
10.A.leaders B.spirits C.angels D.sponsors
11.A.interview B.conversation C.debate D.argument
12.A.especially B.normally C.particularly D.temporarily
13.A.influenced B.burdened C.overwhelmed D.defeated
14.A.strength B.preference C.responsibility D.attention
15.A.tracks B.books C.charts D.hooks
四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Taking up exercise could change our feelings about food in surprising and ①_____(benefit) ways, according ②_____ a new study of exercise and eating. The result ③_____(find) by the study is that new exercisers start to experience less desire for fatty foods, a change ④_____ could have long-term influences on weight control.
The researchers asked a group of sedentary(久坐的) volunteers about how they ⑤_____(feel) about food. Some of them then ⑥_____(ask) to continue with their normal lives as a control group, while the others began exercising.
It turns out that the exercisers no ⑦_____(long) found high-calorie, fatty foods quite so irresistible(不可抵抗的). Interestingly, their scores on measures of "liking", or how ⑧_____ they expected to enjoy those same foods, remained unchanged and strong.
"Besides ⑨_____(make) us healthier, exercise might improve the ⑩_____(connect) between food reward and eating behaviour habits and overeating(过度饮食)," says Kristine Beaulieu, a dietitian who led the new study.
五、假定你是李华, 是学校英语社团的负责人。 正值社团成立三周年, 学校将举办系列活动, 打算邀请外教老师 Eric 参加。 请你给外教老师写一封邮件, 内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 活动时间、地点和内容;
3. 你的期待。
注意:
1. 词数 80 左右(称呼和落款已给出,不计入总词数);
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Eric,
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As 17-year-old Torriell Norwood drove through St. Peters-burg, Florida last February with her friends to pay a visit to the great park as scheduled. Norwood shared her first aid courses and her dream of becoming a doctor and other girls shared their precious experiences about the natural adventures with each other. The laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached an intersection, another car T-boned them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree. All of them were in panic instantly, totally at a loss!
As smoke waved from the car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out! ” The impact had caved in Norwood’s driver’s side door, jamming it shut. The bystander seized the front door handle of the car, summoned all his strength to pull it open but failed. Shaken, but otherwise OK, Norwood crawled out through the window. She had a cut on the right side of her face. Originally her lovely face became very pale. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.
But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Azarria Simmons, was not with them. Norwood ran back to the wreck and found Simmons slumped in the back seat. “She was not moving,” Norwood shouted with her heart tightened. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. She checked her pulse. Nothing! She put her head against Simmons’s chest. No sign of life!
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
If the accident had happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After a while, the CPR worked and Simmons regained her consciousness.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
A.答案：ADC
解析：1.A 提示：通读全文,发现这是一篇关于 Pacaya 的旅游情况的介绍,是为了吸引游客到此观光。
2.D 提示:从第二段中“含teaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit: the McKenney Cone," 中可以判断出答案为D。
3. C 提示:从最后一段中“Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava and the darkening sky. ”可以判断出,答案为C。
B.答案：1-4 BACC
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段中的Besides, I didn't sleep well for all these days, but I felt more relaxed since the weather report said Rita was leaving. What's more, I was luckier than those people who had lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of Rita.可知, 天气预报报道"丽塔"正在离开, 但它让许多人失去了家园, 甚至是生命。结合第一段中的I took a pressure reading from the weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where I was—in the eye of the storm.可知, "丽塔"是一场风暴, 故选B项。
2.推理判断题。由第三段第三句However, I came across another storm chaser who had 45 gallons of petrol.可知, 作者也是一位风暴追逐者, 故选A项。
3.细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的proud和I really learnt a lot可知, 经历这次风暴之后, 作者感觉很满意, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。这篇文章描述了作者亲身经历的一场风暴"丽塔", 他对自己能够追逐并且记录这场风暴感到非常骄傲。尽管非常危险, 但是作者非常热爱自己的这份工作, 故选C项。
C.答案：1-4 ADBC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he's happy, he raises his arms for a hug.可知, 当NAO伤心时, 它会低下头, 当它开心时, 它会伸出手要求拥抱, 这说明NAO能在不同情况下表达不同的情绪。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第六段中的Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious.可知, 如果孩子们有一个小小的、友好的又能够理解他们情感状态的机器人陪着的话, 他们可能就不会那么焦虑了, 也就是说具有情感技能的机器人可以帮助孩子们感觉更放松。故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间时很少寻求帮助, 是独立完成任务的。句中的while表示对比, 由此可以判断, 后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西时会表现出焦虑(的情绪)。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team.和全文内容可知, 本文主要介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。故选C项。
D.答案：1-4 ADBC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的The series of waves produced by the displacement of a large volume of water can be caused by several events, including earthquakes, underwater explosions and landslides.可知, 由大量水的位移所产生的一系列海浪可以由地震、水下爆炸和滑坡等多种事件引起, 由此我们从第一段可以知道什么会引发海啸。故选A项。
2.词义猜测题。画线词前面的句子At present, early warning systems rely on measuring the movement of the buoys, which record changes in the sea level, or assessing the bottom water pressure of the developing tsunami.讲述的是目前的早期预警系统依赖于测量浮标的运动或者评估变化中的海啸的底部水压, 由此可知, 画线词they指的是"目前的早期预警系统"。此处指的是目前的早期预警系统需要海啸实际到达测量地点。故选D项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Instead, there is a new system—using sound waves to predict tsunamis. Sound waves caused by an earthquake can travel much faster than the tsunami that has been triggered.可知, 有一种新的系统—利用声波来预测海啸。地震引起的声波比引发的海啸的传播速度要快得多。因此, 从第三段我们可以推断出, 新的预警系统可以增加预警时间。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第三段中的Instead, there is a new system—using sound waves to predict tsunamis., 再结合全文内容可知, 这篇文章通过说明引发海啸的原因、海啸的破坏力以及当前海啸预警系统的弊端, 介绍了一个新的实时海啸预警系统。由此可知, 这篇文章最好的题目是"一个新的实时海啸预警系统"。故选C项。
二、答案：①-⑤ GCBFD
解析：①空前表示在大多数情况下, 你不必使用惩罚; 下文给出了几点教导孩子良好行为的方法, 由此可知, 此处表转折, 选项G(相反, 和孩子交谈并设定积极的期望会有很大的不同)符合语境, 故选G项。
②根据空后的also可知, 该空的句子也是解释向孩子道歉的好处。故选C项。helps为关键词。
③该空为本段的主题句, 根据其他段落主题句的句式结构可知, 该空应为祈使句。空后的句子表明未满足的需求会导致不良行为。满足需求, 不良行为就可能不会发生。由此可知, 该空应是提议要满足孩子们的需要, 故选B项。
④本段主题为保持合理的期望, 结合下文"孩子有时候会很烦人, 他们不会永远都是小天使"可知, 该空应是解释期望要合理的理由, 即有些孩子的自制力和注意力持续时间有限。故选F项。
⑤根据本段主题句Be clear about your expectations.可知, 本段建议明确你的期望, 设空处应给出原因, 选项D(如果孩子们不知道规矩是什么, 那他们就没办法遵守)符合语境, 与下文逻辑关系紧密。故选D项。
三、答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.B; 4.C; 5.B; 6.A; 7.D; 8.A; 9.D; 10.C; 11.A; 12.B; 13.C; 14.D; 15.C
解析：1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国教师保罗米勒在 You Tube上分享了一段视频,在视频中他演绎了《老友记》中的歌曲《I"ll Be There For You》,A. marks做标记：打分数：B. records记录;C. praises表扬;D. shares分享。根据后文的地点状语"on You tube（在 You tube上）可知,应是在该社交网站上分享了一段视频。故选D项。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没人告诉我学校会是这样的,“米勒在教室里唱道,以回应新冠疫情和全国性面授课的取消。A.response回答;答复;B. relation联系;关系;C. devotion奉献;忠诚;D. addition增加。根据后文" the pandemic（疫情）可知,这里应是表达“应对疫情”,“ in response to sth'意为“对……回应。故选A项。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意没人告诉我学校会是这样的,米勒在教室里唱道,以回应新冠疫情和全国性面授课的取消。A preparation准备;B. cancellation取消;撤消;C. admiration赞赏;羡慕;D. promotion提升;宣传。根据后文" I got my lessons ready but students are absent（我已经把课准备好了,但学生们都不在场）以及“ Cause I'll be here for you when you’re learning at home因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边）”可知,在疫情期间,取消了学校面授课。故选B项。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是虚拟的,但我们仍然可以度过美好的一年。A. private私人的;B, attractive吸引人的;C virtual虚拟的;D. passive消极的;被动的。根据后文" Cause I'll be here for you when you're learning at home.因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边）可知,应是因为疫情,学生们在家里上网课,且“we"应是指代老师自己和学生们,因此,该句应是指虽然是虚拟的网络课堂,但是这一学年也是很好的。故选C项。
5.考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们有社交距离,上课（上学）还是很棒的。米勒还在继续。A. For为了;B. Despite尽管即使; C. against反对;倚靠;D. Across穿过。分析可知,“ our social distance应是指老师与学生之间有了社交距离,与后文" school will still be great上课上学还是很棒的）之间存在转折关系。故选B项。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：列举了在线学习有其好处的原因后,米勒进入了副歌部分,告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A listed列举;B. gained获得;C. recognized辨认;识别;D. realized意识到;实现。根据前文" Though we can still have a great year：' Cause I'll be here for you when you're learning at home（虽然是虚拟的,但我们仍然可以度过美好的一年。“因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边。"）"可知,疫情期间,保持社交距离,网络授课还有老师的虚拟陪伴都是米勒老师列举的好处。故选A项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：列举了在线学习有其好处的原因后,米勒进入了副歌部分,告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A contributions贡献;捐款;B. effects影响;结果;C. tendencies倾向;趋势;D. benefits益处;好处。根据前文" Though 4 we can still have a great year. 'Cause I'll be here for you when you're learning at home虚拟的,但我们仍然可以度过美好的一年。"因为你在家学习的时候我会在你身边。"）"可知,这些是米勒老师列举出的疫情期间网络授课的好处：可以保持社交距离;老师的"虚拟`陪伴。故选D项。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：列举了在线学习有其好处的原因后,米勒进入了副歌部分,告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A expect期待;期望;B. develop发展;C. treasure珍重;珍藏;D. correspond相一致;符合。根据后文“ When back. he sings. You really start to shine. No matter what. I'm here for you:（当返校时,他唱道。你真的开始闪耀发光（出类拔萃）了。无论如何,我都会在你身边。）可知,米勒老师唱出了返校之后的事情,这是值得期待的。故选A项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：米勒的视频已经收到超过4000的浏览量和大量的支持性评论。A. objective客观的;B. critical批评的;批判性的;C. casual随便的;不经意的;D. supportive支持的;鼓励的,根据后文的评论 the positive responses he's gotten他得到的积极回应）可知,米勒老师分享的视频收到了很多积极的评论。故选D项。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一位写道：“教师是地球上人形的天使。"A. leaders领导者;领先者;B. spirits态度;C. angels天使;D. sponsors赞助人;倡议人。根据后文" the positive responses he' s gotten（他得到的积极回应）ˇ可知,他得到了积极的回应此这里的评论应是将老师比喻为天使。故选C项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：米勒在接受WMTV采访时说,他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. Interview面试;采访;B conversation交谈;C. debate辩论;讨论;D. argument争论;争吵。分析后文“WMTV应是指某一电视台,因此可知,这里应是采访。故选A项。
12.考查副词词义辨析。句意：米勒在接受WMTV采访时说,他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. especially尤其;特别;B. normally通常;正常情况下;C. particularly特别;尤其;D. temporarily皙时地;临时地。根据后文" starts every school year with a song（每学年都以一首歌开始）可知,他每年都以一首歌的形式带领学生开始新的学年,这是正常情况。故选B项。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师说他被他得到的积极回应所淹没。A. influenced影响;B. burdened（使）担负;C. overwhelmed（强烈地影响而）使不知所措;淹没;D. defeated击败;战胜。根据前文Miller's video has received over45.000 views and lots of 9 comments（米勒的视频已经收到超过4500）的浏览量和大量的支持性评论）"可知,他应是收到了很多积极的关注和回复,回复太多而把他所淹没。故选C项。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他补充道：“今年我们得到的关注确实是史无前例的,"A. strength体力;实力;B. preference偏爱;喜爱; C, responsibility责任;D. attention注意力。根据后文" have gotten messages from Arizona to India.我收到了从亚利桑那州到印度的消息）可知,米勒老师收到了从美国到印度的消息,这说明很多人都在关注。故选D项。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他补充道：今年我们得到的关注确实是史无前例的。A. tracks轨道;跑道;B. books书本;书籍C. charts图表;D. hooks钩子。根据后文I have gotten messages from Arizona to India我收到了从亚利桑那州到印度的消息可知,米勒老师收到了从美国到印度的消息,受到关注的程度很高,对于他来说“史无前例”。“ off the charts”,意为好的离谱好极了;史无前例的。故选C项。
四、答案：①beneficial ②to ③found ④that/which ⑤felt ⑥were asked ⑦longer ⑧much ⑨making ⑩connection
解析：①修饰名词ways应用形容词。故填beneficial。
②according to为固定搭配, 意为"根据"。故填to。
③is为本句的谓语动词, 动词find与其之间无连接词, 故用非谓语动词形式作定语, 修饰名词result; result与find之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词。故填found。
④句意为: 研究结果发现, 刚开始锻炼的人对髙脂食物的渴望开始减少, 这一变化会对体重控制产生长期影响。a change在此处作同位语, 后面句子起修饰作用, 为限制性定语从句, 先行词为a change, 表示物, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
⑤about为介词, 后面句子为how引导的宾语从句, 该空为从句中的谓语动词, 根据主句的时态可知, 该空用一般过去时。故填felt。
⑥句意为: 作为对照组, 其中一部分人被要求继续过他们的正常生活, 而另一部分人则开始锻炼。根据句中began的时态可知, 此处用一般过去时, 主语Some of them与ask之间为被动关系, 应用被动语态, 且主语为复数概念, 故填were asked。
⑦no longer为固定搭配, 意为"不再"。故填longer。
⑧句意为: 有趣的是, 他们在衡量"喜好"方面的得分, 也就是他们期望享受同样食物的程度, 保持不变, 而且很强烈。how much意为"多么", 作副词, 用来说明该动作的程度。故填much。
⑨besides在此处意为"除了", 为介词, 后接动名词形式。故填making。
⑩定冠词the后接名词, 作动词improve的宾语。故填connection。
五、答案：
Dear Eric,
I am writing to tell you that we intend to celebrate the 3rd anniversary of our English Club and I sincerely invite you to attend.
The celebration activity will be held on next Friday in the lecture hall. As scheduled, various activities will be available ranging from an oral English speech to English song performances. Additionally, an English play named Snow White will be also on show. Everything will overflow with happiness then.
I hope we are lucky enough to have you here and expecting to learn more with your presence and participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析： 本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给外教老师Eric写封信,邀请他参加学校英语社团成立三周年系列活动。
1.词汇积累
准备：intend→plan
各种各样的：various→varied
另外：additionally→ moreover
幸运的：lucky→ fortunate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additionally. an English play named Snow White will be also on show
拓展句：Additionally, an English play, whose name is Snow White will be also on show
【高分句型1】I am writing to tell you that we intend to celebrate the 3rd anniversary of our English Club and I sincerely invite you to attend.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 As scheduled, various activities will be available ranging from an oral English speech to English song performances.（运用了现在分词作后置定语）
六、答案：
If the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the ground and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practise what she'd learned. She started pumping Simmons's chest with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend's mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. The other two girls ran back and called 911.
After a while, the CPR worked and Simmons regained her consciousness. Simmons began coughing and gasping for air but she was still weak. Norwood breathed a sigh of relief knowing her friend out of danger. Soon the emergency car arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she received the comprehensive medical examination. Then after she heard how her best friend had saved her life, Simmons said gratefully, "I am so blessed to have her by my side. Such as she is, always ready for helping others in any way she can."
解析： 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了 Torriell Norwood和她的朋友开车穿过佛罗里达州的圣彼得堡,却被另外辆车撞了, Norwood从车里逃了出来,尝试着救她的朋友。
1段落续写
①由第一段首句内容如果事故发生在几周前,她可能不知道该怎么办。"可知,第一段可描写 Norwood用心肺复苏术救她的朋友
②由第二段首句内容过了一段时间,心肺复苏起了作用,西蒙斯恢复了她的意识。"可知,第二段可描写西蒙斯醒来被送到医院
2续写线索：跪—按压—脱离危险—接受检査
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跪：kneel/fall on one's knees
②按压：pump/press
③脱离危险：out of danger /out of the wood
④接受检查：receive medical examination undergo medical examination
情绪类
松了一口气：breathe a sigh of relief/be relieved
②感激地：gratefully/ thankfully